2023-2024学年广东省广州市花都区八年级（上）期末英语试卷

第1页（共1页）2023-2024学年广东省广州市花都区八年级（上）期末英语试卷一、语言知识及运用（共三节，满分25分）第一节语音知识（5小题，重读和语调每小题5分，意群1分，共5分）请默读以下小语篇，完成相应任务：1．（5分）Beforetheinventionofthelightbulb，peoplehadtouseoillamps，gaslampsorcandlestoseeatnight.Withlightbulbs，peoplecandoasmanythingsintheeveningsastheycaninthedaytime.Canyouimaginelivingwithoutthem？（1）用"'"在文中划线单词invention和candles标记重音。；（2）分别用"↑"、"↓"在第二句和第三句的句末标记升降调（语调）。；（3）用"/"把标下划线的句子划分成三个意群。第二节语法选择（满分10分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。2．（10分）On8February，2005，EllenMacArthurarrivedbackinEnglandaftersailingaroundtheworld.Shewas（1）persontosailaroundtheworldalone.Ittookher71days，14hours，18minutesand35seconds（2）thejourney.Tomakethejourneyshorter，shekept（3）withoutanystoponland.Shewasjust28yearsoldthen.Around8，000peoplewerewaitingattheharbourtosaycongratulationstoherwhenshefinishedheramazingjourney.SheleftEnglandon28November2004，andtravelledaround43，000kilometerstogetbackhome."I（4）alongtimepreparingbothmybodyandmymindforitsinceIdecidedtodoit，"saidEllenMacArthurbeforeshestartedherlongjourney.Duringthejourney，sheonlyletherselfsleepfor（5）minuteseverytime.That'sbecauseshehadtomakesurethat（6）badwashappeningtotheboat.Asshedidn'thaveany（7）peopletotalkto，the71daysmusthavebeenverylonely（孤独的）.Shehad（8）smallcookertoheatthecoldmeals.Shehadtosail（9）tokeepsafe.Shefaceddangerousstormsfromtimetotime，butsheneverthoughtofgivingup.Ellenisnowfamousallovertheworld.Herstoryshowsusthatyoumaynotsucceed（10）youfacechallengesbravelyandnevergiveup.（1）A.braveB.braverC.thebravestD.bravest（2）A.finishB.tofinishC.finishingD.finished（3）A.goingB.goC.wentD.togo（4）A.spendB.spendsC.havespentD.spent（5）A.afewB.fewC.alittleD.little（6）A.somethingB.everythingC.anythingD.nothing（7）A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.others（8）A.theB.aC.anD./（9）A.carefulB.carelessC.carefullyD.care（10）A.afterB.whenC.ifD.unless第三节完形填空（满分10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从16-25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。3．（10分）IntheheartofParis，aschoolwelcomesstudentsfromallaroundtheworld.Oneday，ayounggirlnamedMariaarrivedfromBritain.Shewouldstaythereasa/an（1）studentforoneyear.Atfirst，Mariafelt（2）bythenewenvironmentandtriedtogetusedtotheFrenchcultureandlanguage.Butherteachersandclassmateswere（3）.Withtheirhelp，Mariaovercame（克服）alotofdifficulties.Asmonthswentby，Mariagoteasier.She（4）aroundParisandlearntalotmoreaboutFrance.Shevisitedmuseums，attendedconcertsandwalkedalongtheSeineriver.She（5）thebeautyofthecityalot.Ayearlater，itwastimeforMariatoleave.Shefeltalittlebit（6）.Shewouldmissherfriendsandthecitywhichhadbecomehersecondhome.Shewasthankfulforthemeaningful（7）andvaluablefriendshipshehasgot.Afterafewyears，Maria（8）Parisasasuccessfulbusinesswoman.She（9）metsomeofherformerclassmatesandteachers.Shesaidthatstudyingabroadhadnotonlywidenedherviewsandenrichedherlifebutalsohelpedherbetterunderstanddifferentculturesandencouragedhertomakeherdreamscometrue.Shewasthankfulforthe（10）oftheeducationalexchange.（1）A.BritishB.FrenchC.exchangeD.homestay（2）A.worriedB.sillyC.comfortableD.confident（3）A.happyB.wonderfulC.interestingD.helpful（4）A.touredB.rodeC.droveD.flew（5）A.introducedB.enjoyedC.rememberedD.improved（6）A.angryB.sadC.amazedD.glad（7）A.challengesB.skillsC.experiencesD.classes（8）A.introducedtoB.walkedaroundC.livedinD.returnedto（9）A.hardlyB.speciallyC.luckilyD.quietly（10）A.developmentB.powerC.methodD.secret二、阅读（共两节）第一节阅读理解（共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分）阅读下面短文，从26-36各题所给的A、B、C和D选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。4．（8分）DuringtheHanDynasty，therewasahistoriannamedSimaQian.Oneday，theemperorgotamessagethatthecaptain，LiLinghadgivenintotheenemy.TheemperorwasveryangrywithLiLing.ButSimaQiandidn'tsayaword.TheemperoraskedSimaQianwhathethoughtaboutit.Heanswered，"Theenemyhas30，000soldiers，butLihasonly5，000men.Hehasfoughthardformorethantendays.Lionlygaveinbecausetheydidn'thaveanyfoodatall.Ibelieveheiswaitingforanotherchancetofightagain."Whentheemperorheardhiswords，hegotevenangrier.HepunishedSimaQianbadly.SimaQianfeltsohumiliated（受辱的）thatheoncewantedtokillhimself.Butinalettertohisfriend，hewrote，"IfIdienow，it'slikeonehairfallingfromninecows.Idon'twanttodielikeanobody.IwillfirstfinishthehistorybookthatIamwriting."Later，SimaQiandidfinishthebook，RecordsoftheGrandHistorian（《史记》）.IthasbecomeoneofthemostfamousbookseverwritteninChina.（1）WhywastheemperorangryaccordingtoParagraph1？A.BecauseLiLinggaveintoSimaQian'sarmy.B.BecauseSimaQiandidn'tsayawordforLiLing.C.BecauseLiLinggaveupfightingwiththeenemy.D.BecauseSimaQiansentamessagetotheemperor.（2）Inwhatorderdidthefollowinghappeninthestory？a.SimaQiandecidedtokeeponwritinghishistorybook.b.SimaQiandidn'tsayawordforLiLing.c.SimaQianshowedhisbeliefinLiLingtotheemperor.d.SimaQianwantedtokillhimself.e.SimaQianwaspunishedbadlybytheemperor.A.c﹣b﹣e﹣d﹣aB.c﹣e﹣d﹣a﹣bC.b﹣c﹣e﹣a﹣dD.b﹣c﹣e﹣d﹣a（3）WhatdidSimaQianmeanbysaying"it'slikeonehairfallingfromninecows"inthethirdparagraph？A.Hedidn'twanttodielikehairfallingfromninecows.B.Hislifewouldbedifferentifhediedafterbeingpunished.C.Hislifewasatinypartofsomethingmuchmoreimportant.D.Hewantedtobecomeonehairfallingfromninecows.（4）WhatkindofManisSimaQianaccordingtothestory？A.Kindandhelpful.B.Braveandclever.C.Friendlyandgentle.D.Politeandhonest.5．（8分）Asawayofpassingonknowledge，ideasandcreativity，bookshaveplayedanimportantpartinhumancivilization（文明）.Inancienttimes，therewerenobooks，andpeoplepassedontheirknowledgebytellingstories.TheearliestformsofthebookweremadeinEgyptaround3，000BC.Theseearlyscrolls（卷轴），madefromanimalskins，wereusedtorecordstories，lawsandhistory.Later，peoplelearnedhowtowriteandmakepaper.Theywroteeachwordbyhand.Ittookalongtimetowritejustonebook，makingthemrareandexpensive.Inthe15thcentury，theinventionoftheprintingpressappearedandchangedthebook﹣makingbusinessandeventheworld.Thismadeitpossibletoprintbooksquickly.Evencommonpeoplecouldbuyandreadbooks.Inthe20thcentury，computersandtheInternetchangedtheworldagain.Anewkindofbookappeared：theelectronicbook（e﹣book）.E﹣bookshaveopenedupanewworldforbooks.Theyarequicklychangingpeople'sreadinghabits.Itiseasierforpeopletobuyandsellbooksonlineandcarrythewholelibraryintheirpockets.Therefore，informationtravelsfasterandfarther.Inaword，thehistoryofthebookshowsthedevelopmentofhumancivilization.Fromancientscrollstoe﹣books，thebookhaschangedtomeettheneedsofhumans.Inthefuture，itispossiblethatbookswillcontinuetochange.Now，peoplehavemanywaystoreadbooks.But，moreimportantly，peopleshouldkeeponreading!（1）Beforebooksappeared，howdidpeoplepassontheirknowledge？A.Bydancing.B.Bysinging.C.Throughstorytelling.D.Throughscrolls.（2）Whywerebooksexpensiveintheearlydaysofpaperinvention？A.Becausebooksweremadefromexpensiveanimalskins.B.Becausewritingonebookbyhandneededalotoftime.C.Becausethepaperwasexpensiveatthebeginning.D.Becausepeoplewerebusyinventingtheprintingpress.（3）Whatchangehavee﹣booksbroughttohumansaccordingtothepassage？A.Peoplecanreadbooksconvenientlyanytimefortheirsmallsizes.B.E﹣bookshavemadeitdifficulttobuyandsellpaperbooksonline.C.People'sreadinghabitshavebecomefasterbutlessenjoyable.D.E﹣bookscannotprovidethesamereadingexperienceaspaperbooks.（4）Whatdoesthewritermainlywanttotellusinthelastparagraph？A.Booksshowthedevelopmentofhumancivilization.B.Peoplewillhavemanydifferentwaystoreadbooks.C.Bookswillcontinuetochangetomeettheneedsofhumans.D.Peopleshouldkeepreadingevenifbookskeepchanging.6．（6分）The2024Exeter（埃克塞特）SummerEducationProgramDoyoudreamofstudyinginanothercountry？Doyoulovetomakefriendsandstudywithstudentsfromaroundtheworld？Ifso，the2024ExeterSummerEducationProgramisperfectforyou!Dates：July6﹣August8，2024Age：Betweentheagesof13and18yearsoldonSeptember1，2024.Fee：＄75USDLanguage：AllstudentsmusthaveahighlevelofEnglishtoattendtheprogram.ImportantNotes：●Allapplicantsmustwriteaone﹣to﹣two﹣pagearticleincludingthefollowing.First，tellyourinterestsandabilitiesalongwithanyotherbackgroundinformationyouwishtosharewithus.Second，shareameaningfulpersonalexperiencewhichhasinfluencedyou，yourlifeoryourgoals.Third，showyourreasonsforwantingtoattendExeterSummer.●Allapplicantsmusthaveareference（推荐信）fromtheirheadteacher.TheheadteacherwillreceiveanemailwithanExeterSummerReferenceForm.Yourheadteachermustcompletetheformthroughtheonlineformsystem.●Studytheprogramcoursecatalogs（目录）.The2024catalogswillbeonlineinlateJanuarythisyear.●The2024application（申请）willbeginintheearlyFebruaryof2024.Ifyouareinterested，welcometoapply!（1）Whocanapplyforthe2024ExeterSummerEducationProgram？A.TombornonJuly1，2005whocanspeakquitegoodEnglish.B.LilybornonSept.1，2008whocancommunicatewellinEnglish.C.HarrybornonMarch1，2011whocanonlyspeakMandarin.D.AmybornonOctober1，2012whocanspeakEnglishandFrench.（2）Whatshouldnotbeincludedintheapplicant'sarticle？A.Whattheylikeandwhattheyaregoodat.B.Whatimportantexperiencetheyhavehad.C.Whytheyareapplyingfortheprogram.D.Howtheycompletetheapplicantforms.（3）Whatshouldyoukeepinmindifyouwanttoapplyfortheprogram？A.Youshouldspend＄85astheprogramfee.B.Youshouldcheckthecoursecatalogsonline.C.Youmustgetareferencefromyourfriend..D.YoucanapplyfortheprograminlateJanuary.第二节阅读填空（满分5分）阅读短文内容及文后A-E选项，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。7．（5分）Docomputersstopusfromlearninganddeveloping？Dotheymakeusstupid？ArecentstudyatColumbiaUniversityinNewYorklookedatthisquestion，inparticularhowcomputerschangeourmemory.（1）First，thescientistsdidstudyonwhathappenswhenpeopleareaskeddifficultquestions.TheyfoundthatwhatwethinkhaschangedwhenweheardifficultquestionsbecauseofwebsiteslikeGoogle.Whenpeoplewereaskeddifficultquestionsinthepast，scientistsbelievetheytriedtothinkoftheanswerstothequestions.（2）Theydon'ttrytoansweritthemselves.Forexample，theythinkaboutwhattheymightputintoGoogle，butinthepasttheythoughtaboutthequestionitself.Second，scientistsfoundthatcomputershavechangedthetypeofinformationweremember.（3）Ononehand，itseemsthatpeoplenowforgetfacts.Ontheotherhand，itistruethattheycanclearlyrememberwheretofindthefact.（4）Mostofthestudentscouldn'trememberthefacts，buttheywereabletorememberthefilesandthewherethefactsis.（5）Scientistsbelievethatwearespendingtimerememberingwhereandhowwecanfindthings，butwe'renottryingtoremembertheinformationitselfanymore.A.Thischangecanbebothgoodandbad.B.Theywantedtofindoutifcomputershavechangedthewaywerememberinformation.C.Soitseemsthatcomputersarenotmakingusstupid，buttheyaremakinguslazy!D.However，becauseofmoderntechnology，thefirstthingpeoplethinkaboutnowishowtofindtheanswer.E.Inonetest，scientiststolduniversitystudentssomefactsandalsowherethefactsweresavedinafile.三、写作（共四节，满分38分）第一节语篇填词（满分5分）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。8．（5分）Alongtimeago，therewasakinginIndia.Theking'sfavouritegamewaschess.Oneday，a（1）woldmancametothepalaceandthekingchallengedhimtoagame.Theking（2）ptheoldman，"Youcanhaveanyprizeifyouwinthegame."Theoldmansaid，"IfIwinthegame，I'dlikeonegrainofriceforthefirstsquareofthechessboard，twoforthesecond，fourforthethird，andthendoublethe（3）aforeachoftherestofthesquares."Isthatall？"askedtheking."Wouldn'tyoulikegoldorsilver（4）i？""No，justrice，"repliedtheoldman.Thekingandtheoldmanplayedthegameforalongtime.Finallytheoldmanwon.Sothekingorderedhismentocollectabagofrice.Heputonegrainonthefirstsquare，twoonthesecond，andsoon.Thekingquickly（5）rtheproblem—evenwithallthericeinthecountry，hewouldstillnothaveenoughricetoputonallthesquares!第二节阅读短文，用完整的句子回答问题（满分8分）9．（8分）ThethirdlargestcountryintheworldChinaisthethirdlargestcountryintheworld.Inthenorth﹣west，youcanfindthehottestanddriestplacesinthecountry.Inthewest，thecountrysideisbeautiful，andthemountainsarehigh.Someofthemountainsaremorethan7000metreshigh.Theyarecoveredwithiceandsnowallyearround，sopeoplecannotlivethere.Qomolangmaisthehighestmountainintheworld.Itisalsointhewest.Everyyearpeoplefromallovertheworldtryandclimbit.SomeofChina'smostimportantriversbegininthesemountains.Inthewest，theyareverysmall.Thentheybecomebiggerastheyflowtotheeast.RiversliketheChangjiangRiverandtheYellowRiverbegininthewestofChina.Insomeplaces，theriversareconnectedtobiglakes，likeDongtingLakeinHunanProvince.Mostoftheriversruntotheeastandthesouth.Intime，theyrunintooneofChina'sseas—theYellowSea，theEastChinaSeaortheSouthChinaSea.（1）IsChinathelargestcountryintheworld？.（2）Whycan'tpeopleliveonthehighmountainsinthewest？.（3）WheredotheChangjiangRiverandtheYellowRiverbegin？.（4）WhataresomeoftheriversinChinaconnectedto？.第三节完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词）10．（2分）Marry喜欢写作而且希望能写得像她的偶像莫言一样好。MarryloveswritingandhopestowriteheridolMoYan.11．（2分）Marry期待赢得征文比赛的奖项。Marryalsowinningawardsinwritingcompetitions.12．（2分）但是她从未参加过任何一次征文比赛。Butsheneveranyessaycompetitionyet.13．（2分）她的老师认为她最好勇敢地去尝试一下。Herteacherthinkssheatrybravely.14．（2分）最后，Marry赢得了学校征文比赛一等奖。，Marrywonthefirstprizeintheschool'sessaycompetition.第四节书面表达（共1小题，满分15分）15．（15分）假如你是李华，你所在的国际学校正在举行"多彩校园生活"的征文活动。你的英语老师特邀请你写一篇英文短文投稿，介绍学校的各种校园活动并表达你的感受，需包含以下内容：要求：（1）请根据写作要求，适当进行拓展和表达感受。（2）词数80字左右（文章的开头已给出，不计入词数）。（3）不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。提示词：讲座lectureColorfulLifeatOurSchoolOurschoollifeisreallyinterestingandattractive._______

2023-2024学年广东省广州市花都区八年级（上）期末英语试卷参考答案与试题解析一、语言知识及运用（共三节，满分25分）第一节语音知识（5小题，重读和语调每小题5分，意群1分，共5分）请默读以下小语篇，完成相应任务：1．（5分）Beforetheinventionofthelightbulb，peoplehadtouseoillamps，gaslampsorcandlestoseeatnight.Withlightbulbs，peoplecandoasmanythingsintheeveningsastheycaninthedaytime.Canyouimaginelivingwithoutthem？（1）用"'"在文中划线单词invention和candles标记重音。in'vention；'candles（2）分别用"↑"、"↓"在第二句和第三句的句末标记升降调（语调）。↓；↑（3）用"/"把标下划线的句子划分成三个意群。peoplecando/asmanythingsintheeveningsastheycan/inthedaytime.【分析】在灯泡发明之前，人们晚上必须使用油灯、煤气灯或蜡烛观看。有了灯泡，人们可以在晚上做和白天一样多的事情。你能想象没有它们的生活吗？【解答】（1）根据invention/ɪnˈvenʃn/，"发明"，可知该单词的重音在第二个音节。故答案为in'vention；根据candles/ˈkændlz/，"蜡烛"，可知该单词的重音在第一个音节。故答案为'candles（2）根据Withlightbulbs，peoplecandoasmanythingsintheeveningsastheycaninthedaytime.（有了灯泡，人们可以在晚上做和白天一样多的事情。）可知，这是一个陈述句，句子应该使用降调。故答案为↓；根据Canyouimaginelivingwithoutthem？（你能想象没有它们的生活吗？）。）可知，这是一个疑问句，句子应该使用升调。故答案为↑。（3）根据句意和语境peoplecandoasmanythingsintheeveningsastheycaninthedaytime.（人们可以在晚上做和白天一样多的事情。）可知，本句意群可以分为：peoplecando（人们可以做）；asmanythingsintheeveningsastheycan（晚上尽可能多的事情）inthedaytime（白天）。故答案为peoplecando/asmanythingsintheeveningsastheycan/inthedaytime。第二节语法选择（满分10分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。2．（10分）On8February，2005，EllenMacArthurarrivedbackinEnglandaftersailingaroundtheworld.Shewas（1）Cpersontosailaroundtheworldalone.Ittookher71days，14hours，18minutesand35seconds（2）Bthejourney.Tomakethejourneyshorter，shekept（3）Awithoutanystoponland.Shewasjust28yearsoldthen.Around8，000peoplewerewaitingattheharbourtosaycongratulationstoherwhenshefinishedheramazingjourney.SheleftEnglandon28November2004，andtravelledaround43，000kilometerstogetbackhome."I（4）CalongtimepreparingbothmybodyandmymindforitsinceIdecidedtodoit，"saidEllenMacArthurbeforeshestartedherlongjourney.Duringthejourney，sheonlyletherselfsleepfor（5）Aminuteseverytime.That'sbecauseshehadtomakesurethat（6）Dbadwashappeningtotheboat.Asshedidn'thaveany（7）Bpeopletotalkto，the71daysmusthavebeenverylonely（孤独的）.Shehad（8）Bsmallcookertoheatthecoldmeals.Shehadtosail（9）Ctokeepsafe.Shefaceddangerousstormsfromtimetotime，butsheneverthoughtofgivingup.Ellenisnowfamousallovertheworld.Herstoryshowsusthatyoumaynotsucceed（10）Dyoufacechallengesbravelyandnevergiveup.（1）A.braveB.braverC.thebravestD.bravest（2）A.finishB.tofinishC.finishingD.finished（3）A.goingB.goC.wentD.togo（4）A.spendB.spendsC.havespentD.spent（5）A.afewB.fewC.alittleD.little（6）A.somethingB.everythingC.anythingD.nothing（7）A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.others（8）A.theB.aC.anD./（9）A.carefulB.carelessC.carefullyD.care（10）A.afterB.whenC.ifD.unless【分析】2005年2月8日，艾伦•麦克阿瑟环游世界后抵达英格兰。她是第一个独自环游世界的人。她花了71天14小时18分钟35秒完成了这段旅程。为了缩短旅程时间，她在没有停靠陆地的情况下继续航行。当她完成了惊人的旅程时，大约有8000人在港口等待向她表示祝贺。她在2004年11月28日离开英格兰，环游了大约43000公里才回到家。在开始漫长的旅程之前，艾伦•麦克阿瑟说："我花了很长时间准备我的身体和心灵。"在旅程中，她每次只让自己睡几分钟，因为她必须确保船只没有发生任何问题。她没有其他人可以交谈，所以这71天一定非常孤独。她只有一个小炉灶来加热冷餐。她不得不航行以保持安全。她不时面临危险的风暴，但她从未想过放弃。艾伦现在在世界各地都很有名。她的故事告诉我们，只要勇敢面对挑战，永不放弃，就可能取得成功。【解答】（1）考查形容词最高级。句意：她是独自环球航行的最勇敢的人。A.勇敢的，形容词原级；B.更勇敢的，形容词比较级；C.最勇敢的，形容词最高级；D.最勇敢的，形容词最高级。根据句意可知，是最勇敢的人，所以应填形容词最高级，最高级前也加the。故选C。（2）考查不定式。句意：她用了71天14小时18分35秒完成了这段旅程。A.完成，动词原形；B.完成，不定式；C.完成，动名词；D.完成，过去式。takesbsometimetodosth"花费某人一些时间做某事"，固定短语，所以应填不定式tofinish。故选B。（3）考查动名词。句意：为了缩短旅程，她继续前进，没有在陆地上停留。A.前进，动名词；B.前进，动词原形；C.前进，过去式；D.前进，不定式。keepdoingsth"继续做某事"，固定短语，所以此处填动名词going。故选A。（4）考查动词。句意：自从我决定做这件事以来，我已经花了很长时间在身体和心理上为它做准备。A.花费，动词原形；B.花费，第三人称单数；C.花费，现在完成时；D.花费，过去式。根据sinceIdecidedtodoit（自从我决定做这件事以来）可知，该句为现在完成时，have/has+动词过去分词。主语是I，所以助动词用have，spend的过去分词是spent。故选C。（5）考查短语。句意：旅途中，她每次只让自己睡几分钟。A.一些，修饰可数名词复数；B.几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；C.一点，修饰不可数名词；D.几乎没有，修饰不可数名词。根据句意可知，是睡几分钟，结合空后的可数名词复数minutes可知，此处应填afew。故选A。（6）考查代词。句意：那是因为她必须确保船上没有任何不好的事情发生。A.某事情；B.一切；C.任何事情；D.没什么。根据句意可知，是确保船上没有任何不好的事情发生。故选D。（7）考查形容词。句意：因为她没有其他人可以说话，这71天一定很孤独。A.三者或三者以上中的另一个；B.其他的，后跟名词；C.两者中的另一个；D.其他的（人或物）。根据空后的people可知，为复数名词，所以应填形容词other。故选B。（8）考查冠词。句意：她有一个小炊具来加热冷餐。A.特指；B.不定冠词，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；C.不定冠词，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；D.零冠词。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指，且small是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以应填不定冠词a。故选B。（9）考查副词。句意：她必须小心航行以确保安全。A.小心的，形容词；B.粗心的；C.小心地，副词；D.关心，动词。空格处在句中修饰动词sail，所以应填副词。故选C。（10）考查连词。句意：她的故事告诉我们，除非你勇敢地面对挑战，永不放弃，否则你可能不会成功。A.在之后；B.当的时候；C.如果；D.除非。根据句意可知，是除非你勇敢地面对挑战，永不放弃，否则你可能不会成功。故选D。第三节完形填空（满分10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从16-25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。3．（10分）IntheheartofParis，aschoolwelcomesstudentsfromallaroundtheworld.Oneday，ayounggirlnamedMariaarrivedfromBritain.Shewouldstaythereasa/an（1）Cstudentforoneyear.Atfirst，Mariafelt（2）AbythenewenvironmentandtriedtogetusedtotheFrenchcultureandlanguage.Butherteachersandclassmateswere（3）D.Withtheirhelp，Mariaovercame（克服）alotofdifficulties.Asmonthswentby，Mariagoteasier.She（4）AaroundParisandlearntalotmoreaboutFrance.Shevisitedmuseums，attendedconcertsandwalkedalongtheSeineriver.She（5）Bthebeautyofthecityalot.Ayearlater，itwastimeforMariatoleave.Shefeltalittlebit（6）B.Shewouldmissherfriendsandthecitywhichhadbecomehersecondhome.Shewasthankfulforthemeaningful（7）Candvaluablefriendshipshehasgot.Afterafewyears，Maria（8）DParisasasuccessfulbusinesswoman.She（9）Cmetsomeofherformerclassmatesandteachers.Shesaidthatstudyingabroadhadnotonlywidenedherviewsandenrichedherlifebutalsohelpedherbetterunderstanddifferentculturesandencouragedhertomakeherdreamscometrue.Shewasthankfulforthe（10）Aoftheeducationalexchange.（1）A.BritishB.FrenchC.exchangeD.homestay（2）A.worriedB.sillyC.comfortableD.confident（3）A.happyB.wonderfulC.interestingD.helpful（4）A.touredB.rodeC.droveD.flew（5）A.introducedB.enjoyedC.rememberedD.improved（6）A.angryB.sadC.amazedD.glad（7）A.challengesB.skillsC.experiencesD.classes（8）A.introducedtoB.walkedaroundC.livedinD.returnedto（9）A.hardlyB.speciallyC.luckilyD.quietly（10）A.developmentB.powerC.methodD.secret【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了一个来自英国的年轻女孩玛丽亚在巴黎的一所学校学习的经历。一开始，玛丽亚对新环境感到不适应，但在老师和同学的帮助下，她逐渐适应了法国的文化和语言，并开始享受巴黎的美丽。一年后，玛丽亚离开巴黎，感到有些伤感，但她感激这段有意义的留学经历和宝贵的友谊。几年后，玛丽亚成为一名成功的商业女性，她感谢教育交流的机会，因为这不仅拓宽了她的视野，丰富了她的生活，还帮助她更好地理解不同的文化，并鼓励她实现自己的梦想。【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：她将作为交换生在那里待一年。A.英国；B.法国；C.交换；D.寄宿家庭。根据IntheheartofParis，aschoolwelcomesstudentsfromallaroundtheworld.Oneday，ayounggirlnamedMariaarrivedfromBritain（在巴黎市中心，一所学校欢迎来自世界各地的学生。一天，一个叫玛丽亚的年轻女孩从英国来到这里）可知，她将作为交换生在那里待一年。故选C。（2）考查形容词。句意：起初，玛丽亚对新环境感到担忧，并试图适应法国的文化和语言。A.担心的；B.愚蠢的；C.舒适的；D.自信的。根据andtriedtogetusedtotheFrenchcultureandlanguage（并试图适应法国的文化和语言）可知，起初，玛丽亚对新环境感到担忧。故选A。（3）考查形容词。句意：但她的老师和同学都乐于助人。A.快乐的；B.精彩的；C.有趣的；D.乐于助人的。根据Withtheirhelp，Mariaovercame（克服）alotofdifficulties（在他们的帮助下，玛丽亚克服了许多困难）可知，她的老师和同学都乐于助人。故选D。（4）考查动词。句意：她游览了巴黎，对法国有了更多的了解。A.游览；B.骑行；C.驾驶；D.飞行。根据Shevisitedmuseums，attendedconcertsandwalkedalongtheSeineriver（她参观了博物馆，参加了音乐会，还沿着塞纳河散步）可知，她游览了巴黎。故选A。（5）考查动词。句意：她非常喜欢这座城市的美丽。A.介绍；B.喜欢；C.记住；D.改进。根据thebeautyofthecity（这座城市的美丽）可知，喜欢这座城市的美丽。故选B。（6）考查形容词。句意：她感到有点难过。A.愤怒的；B.悲伤的；C.惊讶的；D.高兴的。根据Ayearlater，itwastimeforMariatoleave（一年后，玛丽亚该离开了）和Shewouldmissherfriendsandthecitywhichhadbecomehersecondhome（她会想念她的朋友，想念这座已经成为她第二个家的城市）可知，她感到有点难过。故选B。（7）考查名词。句意：她很感激有意义的经历和宝贵的友谊。A.挑战；B.技能；C.经历；D.课程。根据IntheheartofParis，aschoolwelcomesstudentsfromallaroundtheworld.Oneday，ayounggirlnamedMariaarrivedfromBritain（在巴黎市中心，一所学校欢迎来自世界各地的学生。一天，一个叫玛丽亚的年轻女孩从英国来到这里）可知，她很感激有意义的经历和宝贵的友谊。故选C。（8）考查动词短语。句意：几年后，玛丽亚作为一名成功的女商人回到了巴黎。A.被介绍给；B.四处走动；C.住在；D.返回。根据Ayearlater，itwastimeforMariatoleave（一年后，玛丽亚该离开了）和Shewouldmissherfriendsandthecitywhichhadbecomehersecondhome（她会想念她的朋友，想念这座已经成为她第二个家的城市）可知，玛丽亚作为一名成功的女商人回到了巴黎。故选D。（9）考查副词。句意：幸运的是，她遇到了一些以前的同学和老师。A.几乎不；B.特别；C.幸运地；D.安静地。根据Shesaidthatstudyingabroadhadnotonlywidenedherviewsandenrichedherlifebutalsohelpedherbetterunderstanddifferentculturesandencouragedhertomakeherdreamscometrue（她说，出国留学不仅拓宽了她的视野，丰富了她的生活，还帮助她更好地了解不同的文化，鼓励她实现自己的梦想）可知，幸运的是，她遇到了一些以前的同学和老师。故选C。（10）考查名词。句意：她对教育交流的培养表示感谢。A.培养；B.力量；C.方法；D.秘密。根据theeducationalexchange可知，她对教育交流的培养表示感谢。故选A。二、阅读（共两节）第一节阅读理解（共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分）阅读下面短文，从26-36各题所给的A、B、C和D选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。4．（8分）DuringtheHanDynasty，therewasahistoriannamedSimaQian.Oneday，theemperorgotamessagethatthecaptain，LiLinghadgivenintotheenemy.TheemperorwasveryangrywithLiLing.ButSimaQiandidn'tsayaword.TheemperoraskedSimaQianwhathethoughtaboutit.Heanswered，"Theenemyhas30，000soldiers，butLihasonly5，000men.Hehasfoughthardformorethantendays.Lionlygaveinbecausetheydidn'thaveanyfoodatall.Ibelieveheiswaitingforanotherchancetofightagain."Whentheemperorheardhiswords，hegotevenangrier.HepunishedSimaQianbadly.SimaQianfeltsohumiliated（受辱的）thatheoncewantedtokillhimself.Butinalettertohisfriend，hewrote，"IfIdienow，it'slikeonehairfallingfromninecows.Idon'twanttodielikeanobody.IwillfirstfinishthehistorybookthatIamwriting."Later，SimaQiandidfinishthebook，RecordsoftheGrandHistorian（《史记》）.IthasbecomeoneofthemostfamousbookseverwritteninChina.（1）WhywastheemperorangryaccordingtoParagraph1？CA.BecauseLiLinggaveintoSimaQian'sarmy.B.BecauseSimaQiandidn'tsayawordforLiLing.C.BecauseLiLinggaveupfightingwiththeenemy.D.BecauseSimaQiansentamessagetotheemperor.（2）Inwhatorderdidthefollowinghappeninthestory？Da.SimaQiandecidedtokeeponwritinghishistorybook.b.SimaQiandidn'tsayawordforLiLing.c.SimaQianshowedhisbeliefinLiLingtotheemperor.d.SimaQianwantedtokillhimself.e.SimaQianwaspunishedbadlybytheemperor.A.c﹣b﹣e﹣d﹣aB.c﹣e﹣d﹣a﹣bC.b﹣c﹣e﹣a﹣dD.b﹣c﹣e﹣d﹣a（3）WhatdidSimaQianmeanbysaying"it'slikeonehairfallingfromninecows"inthethirdparagraph？AA.Hedidn'twanttodielikehairfallingfromninecows.B.Hislifewouldbedifferentifhediedafterbeingpunished.C.Hislifewasatinypartofsomethingmuchmoreimportant.D.Hewantedtobecomeonehairfallingfromninecows.（4）WhatkindofManisSimaQianaccordingtothestory？BA.Kindandhelpful.B.Braveandclever.C.Friendlyandgentle.D.Politeandhonest.【分析】本文主要讲了汉朝时期，历史学家司马迁遭受了严重的惩罚，因为他为被敌人击败的李陵辩护。尽管受到严厉的惩罚，司马迁仍然坚持完成了他的著作《史记》，这本书成为了中国历史上最著名的书籍之一。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Oneday，thekinggotamessagethatthecaptain，LiLinghadgivenintotheenemy.TheemperorwasveryangrywithLiLing.（一天，皇帝得到消息说，将军李陵已经向敌人投降了。皇帝生李陵的气。）可知皇帝生气因为李陵投敌。故选C。（2）细节理解题。根据第一段ButSimaQiandidn'tsayaword.（但是司马迁一句话也没说。）根据第二段Heanswered，"Theenemyhas30，000soldiers，butLihasonly5，000men.Hehasfoughthardformorethantendays.Lionlygaveinbecausetheydidn'thaveanyfoodatall.Ibelieveheiswaitingforanotherchancetofightagain."（他回答说："敌人有三万士兵，而李只有五千。他已经艰苦战斗了十多天。李之所以屈服，是因为他们根本没有任何食物。我相信他正在等待另一个机会再次战斗。"）根据第三段Whentheemperorheardhiswords，hegotevenangrier.HepunishedSimaQianbadly.SimaQianfeltsohumiliated（受辱的）thatheoncewantedtokillhimself.（皇帝听了他的话，更加生气了。他狠狠地惩罚了司马迁。司马迁感到非常屈辱，一度想自杀。）和IwillfirstfinishthehistorybookthatIamwriting.（我要先完成我正在写的历史书。）可知正确的顺序是：b﹣c﹣e﹣d﹣a。故选D。（3）语义猜测题。根据第三段SimaQianfeltsohumiliated（受辱的）thatheo