2024-2025学年新教材高中英语UNIT5WORKINGTHELAND预习新知早知道学案新人教版选择性必修第一册

PAGEUNIT5WORKINGTHELANDⅠ.匹配词义A.单词匹配第一组()1.crisis A．adj.verygreat；verystrong；seriousand ofteninvolvingalotofactioninashort periodoftime()2.intense B．adj.本土的；国内的；家用的；家庭的()3.output C．n.产量；输出；输出量vt.输出()4.domestic D．n.危机；紧急关头()5.consumption E．vt.toproduceorcreatesth.()6.generate F．n.消耗；消耗量；消费()7.strain G．n.闲暇；休闲；空闲()8.leisure H．n.名望；名誉；名人；名流()9.soil I．n.(动、植物的)系；品种；拉伤；压力()10.celebrity J．n.泥土；土壤；国土；领土[答案]1－5DACBF6－10EIGJH其次组()1.urban A．n.扩建部分；扩大；电话分机()2.tunnel B．adj.城市的；都市的；城镇的()3.extension C．n.地下通道；地道；隧道()4.flavour D．n.小麦；小麦籽()5.wheat E．n.howfoodordrinktastes； aparticularqualityoratmosphere()6.alleviate F．n.thestateofbeingpoor()7.poverty G．vt.tomakesth.lesssevere()8.grocery H．n.养分；滋养()9.nutrition I．n.根；根茎；根部；根源()10.root J．n.食品杂货店；[pl.]食品杂货[答案]1－5BCAED6－10GFJHIB.短语匹配()1.devote...to A．包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)()2.becomprisedof B．例如；比如()3.deepdownC．相应地；转而；依次；轮番()4.inturn D．把……用于；献身；致力；用心()5.forinstanceE．在内心深处；本质上；事实上[答案]1－5DAECBⅡ.默写单词第一组1．tacklevt. 解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理2．boostvt. 使增长；使兴盛n. 增长；提高；激励3．convincevt. 使信任；使确信；劝服4．attainvt. (通常经过努力)获得；得到5．overcomevt. 克服；解决；战胜6．expandvt.&vi. vt. 扩展；发展(业务)7．estimatevt. 估计；估价；估算n. 估计；估算8．comprisevt. 包括；包含；由……组成9．devotevt. 把……献(给)；把……专用于；用心于10．chemicaladj. 与化学有关的；化学的n. 化学制品；化学品其次组1．widespreadadj. 分布广的；普遍的；广泛的2．digestvt.&vi. vt. 领悟；领悟3．organicadj. 有机的；不运用化肥的；有机物的4．essentialadj. 完全必要的；极其重要的5．alternativen. 可供选择的事物adj. 可供替代的；非传统的6．entirelyadv. 全部地；完整地；完全地7．depthn. 向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)8．instancen. 例子；实例；事例Ⅰ.语境填词attained，overcome，tackle，boosted，convinced，essential，digest，comprises，widespread，organic1．Idon'tknowhowtotacklethisproblem.2．Thetotalwasboostedtonearly￡2，000bydonationsfromparents.3．WeconvincedAnnetogobytrainratherthanplane.4．Sheattainedherambitionofbecomingapilot.5．Hehasenoughcouragetoovercomethedifficulty.6．Thismusicalbumcomprisesthebesthitsoftheyear.7．Thisdiseaseiswidespreadintropicalareas.8．Thefarmhaschangedovertoorganicmethods.9．Itisessentialthatyoushouldcomehomeearly.10．Itoftentakesalongtimetodigestnewideas.Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．Whatisthedepth(deep)ofthislake?2．This,Iamsorrytosay,isalmostentirely(entire)wishfulthinking.3．Heshowedhispoverty(poor)inhisknowledgeofagriculture.4．Adaptyourusualeatingregimentomakeitmorenutritious(nutrition).5．Anyshortage(short)couldpushupgrainprices.6．Whatarethecharacteristics(character)thatdistinguishtheChinesefromtheJapanese?7．Thechairmanmadeafewconventional(convention)remarks.8．Weareworkingontheassumption(assume)thatthetechniquesaresafe.1．Yet,heconsidershimselfafarmerbecausehecontinuallyworksthelandinhisresearch.然而，他自认为是个农夫，因为在探讨中他不停地耕种土地。2．YuanLongpingrealisedthatlargerfieldswerenotthesolution.袁隆平意识到，解决问题的方法并不是扩大农田面积。3．Ahybridisacrossbetweentwoormorevarietiesofaspecies.杂交作物是一个物种的两个或两个以上变种的杂交。4．Today,itisestimatedthatabout60percentofdomesticriceconsumptioninChinaiscomprisedofcropsgeneratedfromYuan'shybridstrains,andhisstrainshaveallowedChina'sfarmerstoproducearound200milliontonsofriceperyear.据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农夫每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。5．GiventhatYuan'shybridshavemadehimquitewealthy,onemightthinkhewouldretiretoalifeofleisure.考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。词语助读①(be)knownasthe“fatherofhybridrice”被称为“杂交水稻之父”②considerhimselfafarmer自认为是个农夫③worktheland耕种土地④devoteone'slifeto致力于；献身于⑤pursueacareerinscienceormedicine从事科学或医学方面的事业⑥havepoorharvests粮食歉收⑦haveaseriousshortageoffood严峻缺乏食物⑧tacklethiscrisis应对这一危机⑨choosetostudyagriculture选择学习农业⑩aftergraduatingin1953在1953年毕业之后⑪workasaresearcher从事探讨工作⑫boostyields提高产量⑬achallengingquestion一个具有挑战性的问题⑭thecreationofhybridrice杂交水稻的培育⑮conventionalcrops传统作物⑯amatterofgreatdebate一个有很大争议的问题⑰throughintenseeffort通过不懈的努力⑱overcomeenormoustechnicaldifficulties克服巨大的技术难题⑲expandtheiroutput增加产量⑳itisestimatedthat...据估计㉑becomprisedof由……组成㉒dependonriceaswell也依靠大米㉓becauseofhisinvaluablecontributions因为他的不行估量的贡献㉔receivenumerousawards获奖多数㉕makehimquitewealthy使他变得相当富有㉖alifeofleisure闲适的生活㉗befarfromthecase事实远非如此㉘deepdown在内心深处㉙carelittleforcelebrityormoney不太在乎名声和金钱㉚makelargedonationstosupportagriculturalresearch大量捐款以支持农业探讨㉛hisongoingabilitytofulfillhisdreams他不断实现幻想的实力㉜astallassorghum像高粱一样高㉝succeedinproducingakindofrice胜利培育出一种水稻㉞becomeareality成为现实㉟openup开拓㊱despitehisadvancedyears尽管年事已高㊲dreamup想起；想象出(不寻常的事物)；凭空设想课文呈现APIONEERFORALLPEOPLEYuanLongping,knownasthe“fatherofhybridrice”①，isoneofChina'smostfamousscientists.Yet,heconsidershimselfafarmer②becausehecontinuallyworkstheland③inhisresearch(1).Indeed,hisslimbutstrongbodyisjustlikethatofmillionsofChinesefarmers，towhomhehasdevotedhislife④(2).(1)because引导缘由状语从句。(2)towhom引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Chinesefarmers。YuanLongpingwasbornin1930inBeijing.Hisparentswantedhimtopursueacareerinscienceormedicine⑤.However,whatconcernedhimmostwasthatfarmersoftenhadpoorharvests⑥andsometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffood⑦toeat(3).Totacklethiscrisis⑧，hechosetostudyagriculture⑨andreceivedaneducationatSouthwestAgriculturalCollegeinChongqing.(3)whatconcernedhimmost为主语从句，thatfarmers...为表语从句，其中不定式短语toeat作名词food的后置定语。Aftergraduatingin1953⑩，heworkedasaresearcher⑪.YuanLongpingrealisedthatlargerfieldswerenotthesolution(4).Instead,farmersneededtoboostyields⑫inthefieldstheyhad(5).Howthiscouldbedone(6)wasachallengingquestion⑬atthetime.Yuanwasconvincedthattheanswercouldbefoundinthecreationofhybridrice⑭(7).Ahybridisacrossbetweentwoormorevarietiesofaspecies.Onecharacteristicofhybridsisthattheyusuallyattainahigheryieldthanconventionalcrops⑮(8).However,whetheritwaspossibletodevelopahybridofself­pollinatingplantssuchasrice(9)wasamatterofgreatdebate⑯.Thecommonassumptionthenwasthatitcouldnotbedone(10).Throughintenseeffort⑰，Yuanovercameenormoustechnicaldifficulties⑱todevelopthefirsthybridricethatcouldbeusedforfarming(11)in1974.Thishybridenabledfarmerstoexpandtheiroutput⑲greatly.(4)that引导宾语从句。(5)theyhad是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词fields。(6)how引导主语从句。(7)that引导宾语从句。(8)that引导表语从句。(9)whether引导主语从句，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语todevelopahybridofself­pollinatingplantssuchasrice。(10)that引导表语从句。(11)that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词hybirdrice。Today,itisestimatedthat⑳about60percentofdomesticriceconsumptioninChinaiscomprisedof㉑cropsgeneratedfromYuan'shybridstrains,andhisstrainshaveallowedChina'sfarmerstoproducearound200milliontonsofriceperyear(12).Yuan'sinnovationhashelpedfeednotjustChina,butmanyothercountriesthatdependonriceaswell㉒(13),suchasIndiaandVietnam.Becauseofhisinvaluablecontributions㉓，YuanLongpinghasreceivednumerousawards㉔bothinChinaandabroad.(12)and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，其中第一个分句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的名词性从句；过去分词短语generatedfromYuan'shybridstrains作名词crops的后置定语。(13)that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词countries。GiventhatYuan'shybridshavemadehimquitewealthy㉕，onemightthinkhewouldretiretoalifeofleisure㉖(14).However,thisisfarfromthecase㉗.Deepdown㉘，Yuanisstillverymuchafarmeratheart.Asamanofthesoil,hecareslittleforcelebrityormoney㉙.Instead,hemakeslargedonationstosupportagriculturalresearch㉚.(14)Giventhat...引导缘由状语从句，hewouldretiretoalifeofleisure为省略了that的宾语从句。WhatimpressespeoplemostaboutYuanLongping(15)ishisongoingabilitytofulfilhisdreams㉛.Longago,heenvisionedriceplantsastallassorghum㉜，witheachearofriceasbigasabroom,andeachgrainofriceashugeasapeanut.Hesucceededinproducingakindofrice㉝thatcouldfeedmorepeopleathomeandabroad(16).Hislatestvisionfor“seawaterrice”hasalsobecomeareality㉞，andpotentiallyopenedup㉟nearlyonemillionsquarekilometresofsaltylandinChinaforriceproduction.Despitehisadvancedyears㊱，YuanLongpingisstillyoungatheartandfullofvision,andeveryoneiswaitingtoseewhathewilldreamup㊲next(17).(15)What引导主语从句。(16)that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词rice。(17)and连接