福建省南平市建阳区福建省南平市建阳区高三预测绝密卷模拟预测英语试题

福建省南平市建阳区20232024学年下学期高三预测绝密卷英语本试卷共8页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码、考场号、座位号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Holdabirthdayparty.B.Orderataxi.C.Wrapthegift.2.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Annoyed.B.Regretful.C.Anxious.3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themanneedstocook.B.She’sbusyatpresent.C.Tylerwillfixthebike.4.Howdidthemanlearntoplaytheguitar?A.Hetookanonlinecourse.B.Hewastaughtbyhissister.C.Helearnedfromsomeonlinevideos.5.WhoisJacky?A.Thespeakers’boss.B.Thespeakers’colleague.C.Theman’sbrother.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthecareerplanningproject?A.It’suseless.B.It’sscientific.C.It’sdifficult.7.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobe?A.Asinger.B.Acoach.C.Achemist.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydoesthewomancall?A.Toaskforhelp.B.Tosharegoodnews.C.Toassignatask.9.Whenwillthecontesttakeplace?A.Tomorrowmorning.B.Halfanhourlater.C.Atabout5p.m.today.10.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Judgeandparticipant.B.Teacherandstudent.C.ReceptionistandCustomer.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Fishing.B.Traveling.C.Reading.12.What’stheweatherlike?A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Windy.13.Whathavetheydecidedtodonext?A.Goshopping.B.Waithalfanhour.C.Gotoafilm.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatdoesSusanwanttobuy?A.Amap.B.Anovel.C.Aschoolbag.15.Whydoesthemanchangehismind?A.Thebiggermapisoflittleuse.B.Thebiggermapisinconvenient.C.Healreadyhasasmallmap.16.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.Fivedollars.B.Eightdollars.C.Tendollars.17.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthelibrary.B.Intheclassroom.C.Inthebookshop.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Hostingaprogram.B.Givingalecture.C.Promotingaproject.19.Whataddstothepainofearlyrise?A.Coldweather.B.Physicalpain.C.Lackofdetermination.20.What’sthespeaker’sfinaladvice?A.Makingenoughpreparation.B.Beingopentothesetbacks.C.Findingarunningpanion.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWheretoFindthePerfectChristmasTreeAroundBaltimoreThisYearAhandfulofthearea’sbestchooseandcutChristmastreefarmsareonlyaquickroadtripaway.ASNOWBALL’SCHANCETREEFARMThischooseandcutChristmastreefarmof16acreshasbeenrunbyacouplesince2005.Openforoneweekendonly,Dec.34,thisyear,thenewlocationinWoodstockwilloffereightandnineinchprecutFraserFirsorcutyourownWhitePines&BlueSpruces.10231HarvestFieldsDrive,WoodstockDAVIDSONCHRISTMASTREEFARMAlthoughit’sbeenactiveformorethantwocenturies,thisfamilyownedUppercoFarmdidn’tstarttoplantChristmastreeseedlingsuntilthelate1960s.ThefieldsareopensevendaysperweekfromNov.18toDec.17.Wanderthroughits60plusacresforeighttreevarieties,suchasthesilverblueConcolorFir.1101EmoryChurchRd.,UppercoFROSTEETREEFARMTheappropriatelynamedHelenandGeorgeWinterbeganplantingandsellingtreesattheirPerryHallfarmin1974.Thetwohavesincepassedaway,butthefarm,nowoperatedbyPaulStiffler,has15acresofreadytocuttreesrangingfromScotchPinetoWhitePine,DouglasPine,andNorwaySpruce.ThefarmreopensonthelastweekendofNovember,afterThanksgiving.8926CowentonAve.,PerryHallGAVERFARMOwnerMichaelGaverwasjust17whenheestablishedthisMt.Airyfarmin1978.Today,itholds70acresofcutyourowntrees,withvarietiessuchastheColoradoBlueSpruceandthewhispersoftWhitePine.ChristmastreeshoppingstartsonNov.24.Whatdistinguishesthisfarmfromothersisthatyoucanstepintothefamilyfarm’scafeforappleciderdoughnuts,beefsandwiches,andhotcocoabeforeyouleave.5501DetrickRd.,Mt.Airy1WhichfarmhastheshortesthistoryofChristmastreecutting?A.ASNOWBALL’SCHANCETREEFARM.B.DAVIDSONCHRISTMASTREEFARM.C.FROSTEETREEFARM.D.GAVERFARM.2.WhereisthefarmrunbyPaulStiffler?A.10231HarvestFieldsDrive,Woodstock.B.1101EmoryChurchRd.,Upperco.C.8926CowentonAve.,PerryHall.D.5501DetrickRd.,Mt.Airy.3.Whatisuniqueaboutthelargestoneofthefourfarms?A.Itoffersdrinksandfoods. B.ItincludesWhitePine.C.Itisownedbyafamily. D.Itisactiveforabout200years.【答案】1.A2.C3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了四个巴尔的摩砍伐圣诞树的农场。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据ASNOWBALL’SCHANCETREEFARM下的“ThischooseandcutChristmastreefarmof16acreshasbeenrunbyacouplesince2005.(这个16英亩的圣诞树农场自2005年以来一直由一对夫妇经营)”，DAVIDSONCHRISTMASTREEFARM下的“Althoughit’sbeenactiveformorethantwocenturies,thisfamilyownedUppercoFarmdidn’tstarttoplantChristmastreeseedlingsuntilthelate1960s.(虽然这个家庭农场已经活跃了两个多世纪，但直到20世纪60年代末才开始种植圣诞树幼苗)”，FROSTEETREEFARM下的“TheappropriatelynamedHelenandGeorgeWinterbeganplantingandsellingtreesattheirPerryHallfarmin1974(这对名叫海伦和乔治·温特的夫妇于1974年开始在他们的佩里霍尔农场种植和销售树木)”以及GAVERFARM下的“OwnerMichaelGaverwasjust17whenheestablishedthisMt.Airyfarmin1978.(1978年，迈克尔·加弗(MichaelGaver)在艾里山(Mt.Airy)建立了这个农场，当时他只有17岁)”可知，ASNOWBALL’sCHANCETREEFARM是从2005开始的，说明该农场开始这项业务最晚，历史最短。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据FROSTEETREEFARM下的“Thetwohavesincepassedaway,butthefarm,nowoperatedbyPaulStiffler,has15acresofreadytocuttreesrangingfromScotchPinetoWhitePine,DouglasPine,andNorwaySpruce.(这两个人已经去世了，但这个农场现在由PaulStiffle经营，有15英亩的树木可以砍伐，从苏格兰松到白松，道格拉斯松和挪威云杉)”可知，FROSTEETREEFARM由PaulStiffler经营，再根据“8926CowentonAve.,PerryHall”可知，农场位于8926CowentonAve.,PerryHall.故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。比较四个农场的面积可知，GAVERFARM是最大的，根据本段中的“Whatdistinguishesthisfarmfromothersisthatyoucanstepintothefamilyfarm’scafeforappleciderdoughnuts,beefsandwiches,andhotcocoabeforeyouleave.(这个农场与其他农场的不同之处在于，你可以在离开之前走进家庭农场的咖啡馆，吃苹果甜甜圈、牛肉三明治和热可可)”可知，GAVERFARM的特别之处是它提供饮料和食物。故选A项。BAreyourkeysnotinthespotyouthoughtyouleftthem?Can’trecallthetitleofabook?I’vehadthosemoments.Suchinstancesof“brainfreeze”remindusthatweshoulddoeverythinginourpowertokeepourbrainssharp.AnewstudyfindsTaiChistudycanhelpslowcognitive(认知的)declineandprotectagainstdementia(痴呆).Thestudyincludedabout300olderadults,intheirmid70sonaverage,whohadallreportedthattheirmemorywasnotasgoodasitusedtobe.Aspartofthestudy,alltheparticipantstooka10mirrutetestcalledtheMontrealCognitiveAssessment.Anormalscoreis2630.Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment(损害),whichmeanstheydon’thavedementiabutthey’renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities.Oncetheirscoredropsunder18,peopleexperiencequiteabitofimpairmentfrommemorylossandcognitivedecline.Theaveragescoreofparticipantsatthestartofthestudywas25.ThestudyfoundthatpeoplewhopracticedasimplifiedformofTaiChitwiceaweekforaboutsixmonthsimprovedtheirscoreby1.5points,meaningthatthey’regoingtogetthreeextrayearsbeforetheyhitthatdeclineintodementia.ResearchersalsotestedamorestrictertypeofTaiChi,calledCognitivelyEnhancedTaiChi,wheretheyprovidedextrachallenges.Forexample,participantswereaskedtospellaword,backwardandforward,astheymovedthroughaseriesofTaiChimoves.ThepeoplewhopracticethistypeofcognitivelyenhancedTaiChiimprovedtheirscoresbyabout3points,meaningtheyaregivensixextrayearsofcognitivefunction.ThetheoryonwhyTaiChiiseffectiveisthatitbinesthememorizationofthemovements,knownasforms,almostlikeposingdancingmoves.4.Whyaretwoquestionsraisedinthefirstparagraph?A.Topresenttheauthor’sdoubts. B.Toexpectanswersfromreaders.C.Toanalyzethecausesofforgetfulness. D.Tointroducethemaintopicofthetext.5.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Cognitiveassessmentmethods. B.Theprocessofrunningthetest.C.Cognitivemeasurementcriteria. D.Thetestresultsoftheparticipants.6.Whatdoestheprebestaveragescoreoftheparticipantsimply?A.Mostofthemsufferfrom,dementia. B.Theyremainasquickmindedasbefore.C.Manyofthemhaveslightcognitivedecline. D.Theycanprotectthemselvesagainstdementia.7.WhydoesTaiChihaveapositiveimpact?A.Ithelpsresolvechallenges. B.Itinvolvesmindbodymovements.C.Itputsoffcognitivedeclinebythreeyears. D.Itimprovestheparticipantsacademiclevel.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述练太极拳有助于减缓认知衰退和预防痴呆。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Suchinstancesof“brainfreeze”remindusthatweshoulddoeverythinginourpowertokeepourbrainssharp.(这些“大脑冻结”的例子提醒我们，我们应该尽我们所能保持我们的大脑敏锐)”和第二段的“AnewstudyfindsTaiChicanhelpslowcognitive(认知的)declineandprotectagainstdementia(痴呆).(一项新研究发现太极拳有助于减缓认知衰退和预防痴呆)”可推知，文章开头的两个问题是为了引出“练太极拳有助于减缓认知衰退和预防痴呆”这个主题。故选D项。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Aspartofthestudy,alltheparticipantstooka10mirrutetestcalledtheMontrealCognitiveAssessment.Anormalscoreis2630.Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment(损害),whichmeanstheydon’thavedementiabutthey’renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities,Oncetheirscoredropsunder18,peopleexperiencequiteabitofimpairmentfrommemorylossandcognitivedecline.(作为研究的一部分，所有参与者都参加了一个名为蒙特利尔认知评估的10分钟测试。正常的分数是2630。得分在18到25分之间的人被认为有轻度损伤，这意味着他们没有痴呆症，但他们不像以前那么敏锐，可能需要更加努力地来维持日常活动，一旦他们的得分降至18分以下，人们经历相当多的记忆丧失和认知能力下降的损害)”可知，本段主要内容是认知测量标准。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Theaveragescoreofparticipantsatthestartofthestudywas25.(研究开始时，参与者的平均得分是25分)”以及第三段“Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment(损害),whichmeanstheydon’thavedementiabutthey’renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities.(得分在18到25分之间的人被认为有轻度损伤，这意味着他们没有痴呆症，但他们不像以前那么敏捷，可能需要更加努力地维持日常活动)”可知，他们中的许多人有轻微的认知能力下降。故选C项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“ThetheoryonwhyTaiChiiseffectiveisthatitbinesthememorizationofthemovements,knownasforms,almostlikeposingdancingmoves.(为什么太极拳有效的理论是，它结合了动作的记忆，几乎像编排舞蹈动作)”可知，太极之所以起到积极作用是因为它涉及身心运动。故选B项。CTenmillionAmericansareconsideringfreelancing(从事自由职业),accordingtoUpwork’sGreatResignationsurvey.Amongthoseplanningtoquittheirjobs,52%aregivingfreelancingseriousconsideration.What’smore,manyarechoosingfreelancingoverfulltimework;it’snolongerjustafallbackorasidejob.Oneofthekeybenefitsoffreelancingisthatyougettochooseyourownworkload.Unrealisticexpectationsatworkandthelackofboundarieshaveseenmanyafulltimeworkerburnout.However,freelancershavemuchmorecontrolovertheirworkloads.Thisisnottosaythatfreelancersdon’tburnout.Theymanagetheirworkloadbetterandprioritizeotheraspectsoftheirlife.Theydon’tusuallygettochoosetheirbossortheirteammatesatatraditionaljob.Theygettochoosewhotheyworkwith.Unlikefulltimeworkers,freelancershavegreaterfreedomtodotheworktheyenjoy—andsaynototheworktheydon’t.Thisresultsingreaterjobsatisfaction.Ofcourse,therearedisadvantagesofpursuingfreelancing.Employeesinmanycountriesreceivebenefitsthatarepartoftheiremploymentcontracts.Whenyou’reafreelancer,youworkforyourselfsoyouletgoofthesebenefits.Yourworkloadmaybeinconsistent.Sometimeswhenitrains,itpoursandyoumayhavemultipleprojectsonyourplate.Atothertimes,youmaynothavemuchwork.Thisfluctuationincashflowcanfeellikeahugenegativefornewfreelancers.Asabusinessowner,yourbusiness’ssuccessorfailureisentirelydependentonyou,whichcanfeeloverwhelming.Youwillalsohavetolearntobeeyourownbestadvocate,promotingyourproductstofindnewprojectsandclientsandexpandyourbusiness.Ofcourse,tofreelanceornottofreelancedependsonyourself.Anyway,businessesareincreasinglyaddingskills.Independentprofessionalsarepoweringtherebuild.Therefore,morebusinessesareopentoremotework,hiringtalentirrespectiveoftheirdistancefromacorporateoffice.Thischangingattitudehasincreasedthenumberofopportunitiesforfreelancerstofindhighpayingandmeaningfulwork.8.Whatcontributestoafreelancer’sgreaterjobsatisfaction?A.Makingselfselectionofjobtypes.B.Beingfreefromtakingresponsibility.C.Enjoyingwelfareprovidedbygovernment.D.Developingharmoniousinterpersonalrelationships.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fluctuation”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Development. B.Unsteadiness. C.Inefficiency. D.Exchange.10.Whatwillafreelancerhavetodotodevelophisbusiness?A.Markethimself. B.Consultprofessionals.C.Dependonclients. D.Improveemploymentcontracts.11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefutureoffreelancing?A.Challenging. B.Unpredictable. C.Promising. D.Changeless.【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文，文章分析了从事自由职业的利弊。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlikefulltimeworkers,freelancershavegreaterfreedomtodotheworktheyenjoy—andsaynototheworktheydon’t.Thisresultsingreaterjobsatisfaction.(与全职工作者不同，自由职业者有更大的自由去做他们喜欢的工作，并对他们不喜欢的工作说不，这会提高工作满意度)”可知，自行选择工作类型使自由职业者有更大的工作满意度。故选A项。9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Sometimeswhenitrains,itpoursandyoumayhavemultipleprojectsonyourplate.Atothertimes,youmaynothavemuchwork.(有时下雨，倾盆大雨，你可能有多个项目要做。在其他时候，你可能没有太多的工作)”可知，画线词析在句子意为“这种现金流的波动对新的自由职业者来说可能是一个巨大的负面影响。”因此，fluctuation在此意为“不稳定性”，和B项意思相近。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Youwillalsohavetolearntobeeyourownbestadvocate,promotingyourproductstofindnewprojectsandclientsandexpandyourbusiness.(你还必须学会成为自己最好的代言人，推广你的产品来寻找新的项目和客户，拓展你的业务)”可知，为了发展业务，自由职业者不得不营销自己。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Anyway,businessesareincreasinglyaddingskills.Independentprofessionalsarepoweringtherebuild.Therefore,morebusinessesareopentoremotework.hiringtalentirrespectiveoftheirdistancefromacorporateoffice.Thischangingattitudehasincreasedthenumberofopportunitiesforfreelancerstofindhighpayingandmeaningfulwork.(无论如何，企业越来越多地增加技能，独立的专业人士正在为重建提供动力，因此，越来越多的企业对远程工作持开放态度，雇佣人才，无论他们与公司办公室的距离如何。这种态度的改变增加了自由职业者找到高薪和有意义工作的机会)”可知，作者认为自由职业者的未来前景很好。故选C项。DOffAustralia’snortherncoast,theremainsofancientcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)formthebedrockofwoodedislands,whicharehometodiverseanimalsandplants,includingmangrove(红树林)foreststhatblankettheircoastsandserveasvitalhabitatsandcarbonstorers.Arecentsurveyshowsthatexpandingseasmighthaveledtoamassivemangroveincrease,researchersreportNovember1inProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB.Mangrovesabsorbcarbondioxideandstoreitas“bluecarbon”,atermforcarbonthatishiddenawayinoceanenvironments.“There’salotofinterestinusingmangrovebluecarbontolessenclimatechange,”saysKerryleeRogers,anenvironmentalscientistattheUniversityofWollongonginAustralia.Butthereremainalotofquestionsaroundtheircapacitytoadapttosealevelrise.In2021,ateamledbyWollongongenvironmentalscientistSarahHamyltonvisitedtheHowickIslandstodoarelatedresearch.Theywalkedthroughtheseawatertoassesstheplantdiversityandmeasureindividualtrees.Usingthemeasuredwidthsandheightsofseveralmangroves,theteamcalculatedtreewidthsfortherestoftheforestfromthedatatoestimatethetotalmangrovequantity.Theislandshostnearly54,000metrictonsofmangroves,theteamestimates,whichisroughly10,000moremetrictonsthantherewasin1973.TheHowickIslandsareuniquelysuitedtosupportingmangrovesastheoceanrises.AttheendoftheLastGlacialMaximum,around12,000yearsago,waterlevelsrosearoundnorthernAustralia,andcoralreefsgrewupwardtofillthespacethathadopenedforthem.Whensealevelsfellthousandsofyearslater,theexposedreefsbecamesediment(沉积物).Withsealevelsnowrisingagain,themixtureofsaltwaterandsedimentmakesaperfecthomeforthesalttolerantmangroves.RogersandHamyltonarenowworkingonabiggerefforttostudymangovesaroundAustralia.“Ifwe’regoingtoinvestinmangrovestoprovideusbluecarbonandtoprotectshorelines,weneedtounderstandhowdynamictheyare,”Rogerssays.12.Whatcanbeknownaboutbluecarbon?A.Itisproducedbyoceanwater. B.Itismassivelypresentintheair.C.Itisfriendlyenvironment. D.Itisnutritiousformangroves.13.WhatisthepurposeofHamylton’sresearch?A.Tomeasurethesizeofmangroves.B.Tofigureoutwheretoplantmangroves.C.Toconfirmwhetherlocalnaturalenvironmentispolluted.D.Toseehowthemangrovesrespondtosealevelrise.14.WhatmakestheHowickIslandsthesuitablehabitatsformangroves?A.Thediversityofoceanlife.B.Theincreaseofcoralreefs.C.Thebinationofsaltwaterandsediment.D.Theformationofthebedrockofwoodedislands.15.Whatisthesuitabletitleofthetext?A.ClimateChangeCausesSeaLevelRiseB.SeaLevelRiseHelpsMangrovesBoostC.EnvironmentonAustraliaIslandsIsImprovingD.ClimateWarmingPosesDangersToMangroves【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。在澳大利亚的一些岛屿上，海平面上升促使红树林的繁荣。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“There’salotofinterestinusingmangrovebluecarbontolessenclimatechange(人们对利用红树林蓝碳来减少气候变化很感兴趣)”可推知，蓝碳对环境友好。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Butthereremainalotofquestionsaroundtheircapacitytoadapttosealevelrise.(但它们适应海平面上升的能力仍然存在很多问题)”和第三段中“In2021,ateamledbyWollongongenvironmentalscientistSarahHamyltonvisitedtheHowickIslandstodoarelatedresearch.(2021年，Wollongong环境科学家SarahHamylton领导的一个团队访问了Howick群岛进行了相关研究)”可知，研究的目的是为了查明红树林对海平面上升的反应。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Withsealevelsnowrisingagain,themixtureofsaltwaterandsedimentmakesaperfecthomeforthesalttolerantmangroves.(随着海平面再次上升，盐水和沉积物的混合物成为耐盐红树林的完美家园)”可知，盐水和沉积物的组合使Howick群岛成为红树林的合适栖息地。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Arecentsurveyshowsthatexpandingseasmighthaveledtoamassivemangroveincrease,researchersreportNovember1inProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB.(研究人员11月1日在ProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB上报告说，最近的一项调查显示，海洋的扩张可能导致了红树林的大量增加)”可知，文章讲述的是在澳大利亚的一些岛屿上，海平面上升促使红树林的繁荣。所以，B项“海平面上升有助于红树林生长”适合作为标题。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。JonFossewasbornonSeptember29,1959,Haugesund,Norway.Heisanauthorofnovels,plays,poems,children’sbooks,andessays.____16____HereceivedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein2023“forhisinnovativeplaysandprose(散文)whichgivevoicetotheunsayable.”FossegrewuponaruralfarmnearStrandebarm,Norway.Hestartedwritingatage12or13,firstposingsonglyrics(歌词).____17____Thenhestartedtocreatepoems.In1979FossegraduatedfromhighschoolandmovedtoBergen,wherehebeganworkingforthenewspaperGulaTidend,Throughoutthe1980shestudiedattheUniversityofBergen,receivinganM.A.inparativeliteraturein1987.Duringthe1980s,Fossepublishedhisfirstnovels,namelyRed,Blackin1983andStringedGuitarin1985.Bothworksfeaturethesimplestyleofprose.____18____Bythistime,hehadbeeaninstructorattheAcademyofWritinginHordaland.____19____Andheinitiallyrefusedtowriteplayswhenasked.Hegaveinin1992,however,whenheneededmoney.HestartedwritingthedialogueforSomeoneIsGoingtoein1996andfoundittobesurprisinglyeasy.Manyplaysquicklyfollowed.Itwas,however,FrenchdirectorClaudeRégy’s1999stagingofSomeoneIsGoingtoeinParisthatledtoFosse’sbreakthroughinEurope.Followingthatsuccess,Fossefocusedprimarilyonwritingplays.Attheturnofthe21stcentury,productionsofhisplaysincludedASummer’sDayandIAmtheWind.Theformeroneisaboutawomanwhoanticipatesthereturnofherhusbandfromatripoutonhisboat.____20____A.Helaterjoinedaband.B.Fossebecameworldfamous.C.Fosseneverplannedtobeeadramatist.D.Healsoworksasaninstructorandatranslator.E.Healsoreleasedhisfirstcollectionofpoemsin1986.F.Hehadtoearnmoneybywritingnovelsaftermarriage.G.Thelatterfocusesontwomenexperiencinganexistentialcrisisinafishingboat.【答案】16.D17.A18.E19.C20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了诺贝尔文学奖获得者JonFosse。【16题详解】本句和上一句介绍JonFosse的身份。上文“Heisanauthorofnovels,plays,poems,children’sbooks,andessays.(他著有小说，戏剧、诗歌、儿童读物和散文)”讲述了他是哪种作品的作者。D项“Healsoworksasaninstructorandatranslator(他还担任讲师和翻译)”介绍他的其他身份，故选D项。【17题详解】根据上文“Hestartedwritingatage12or13,firstposingsonglyrics(歌词).(他从12或13岁开始写作。首先创作歌词)”可推断，空格处内容与写歌词有关,所以A项“Helaterjoinedaband.(后来他加入了一个乐队)”符合语境，故选A项。【18题详解】本段介绍他在二十世纪八十年代发表的作品。根据前文“Duringthe1980s,Fossepublishedhisfirstnovels,namelyRed,Blackin1983andStringedGuitarin1985.Bothworksfeaturethesimplestyleofprose.(在20世纪80年代，Fosse出版了他的第一部小说，分别是1983年的《红，黑》和1985年的《弦吉他》)”可知，介绍了1983年和1985年出版小说，根据下文的“Bythistime”可知，空格处出现时间。E项“Healsoreleasedhisfirstcollectionofpoemsin1986.(1986年，他还出版了他的第一本诗集)”中in1986与下文衔接连贯。故选E项。【19题详解】根据下文“Andheinitiallyrefusedtowriteplayswhenasked.Hegaveinin1992,however,whenheneededmoney.HestartedwritingthedialogueforSomeoneIsGoingtoein1996andfoundittobesurprisinglyeasy.(起初，当被要求时，他拒绝写剧本。然而，1992年，当他需要钱时，他让步了。1996年，他开始为SomeoneIsGoingtoe写对话，并发现它出奇地容易)”可知，空格处内容应指出写剧本的情况。C项“Fosseneverplannedtobeeadramatist.(福斯从未打算成为一名剧作家)”dramatist与下文的writeplays和startedwritingthedialogue在内容上相关。故选C项。【20题详解】根据前文“Followingthatsuccess,Fossefocusedprimarilyonwritingplays.Attheturnofthe21stcentury,productionsofhisplaysincludedASummer’sDayandIAmtheWind.Theformeroneisaboutawomanwhoanticipatesthereturnofherhusbandfromatripoutonhisboat.(成功之后，福斯主要专注于剧本创作。在21世纪之交，他的戏剧作品包括《夏日》和《我是风》。前者讲的是一个女人期待丈夫乘船外出旅行归来的故事)”可知，提到两部作品ASummer’sDay和IAmtheWind；并且解释了前一个作品的内容，由此可知，空格处解释后一个作品的内容。所以G项“Thelatterfocusesontwomenexperiencinganexistentialcrisisinafishingboat.(后者聚焦于两名在渔船上经历生存危机的男子)”符合语境。Theformer与Thelatter相呼应。故选G项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In2012,LauraEshelmanmanwasinthemiddleofamentalunsettlement.Shewashaving____21____infindingwork.“IwasleavingadowntownbusinesswhereIhadanotherjobapplication____22____.Iwasfeelingpretty____23____anddecidedtogototheWholeFoodsacrossthestreet,”Eshelmanrecalled.Asshecrossedthestreet,Eshelman____24____amanaskingtormoneyonthecorner.Buthewas____25____bypassersby.AsEshelman____26____,hepurmedtoher,andaskedifhecouldhavealittlebitofmoney.Shewas____27____andsaid:“Leavemealone.Idon’thaveanythingtogiveyou.Getaway!”Eshelman____28____intothegrocerystore.Butsuddenlysherealizedhow____29____shebadbeentotheman.Eshelmanrushedoutsidetofindhim.Sheapologizedand____30____somecoinsfromthebottomofher____31____.Asshe____32____himthechange,themansaid,“It’sOK.Everything____33____willdisappear.”Andallofasudden,shefeltlikesomebodywasseeingher____34____,andshestartedtocry.“Thatmomentonthestreetwasoneofthefew____35____inthatextremelydarkperiodofmylife,”Eshelmanlatersaid.21.A.fun B.trouble C.experience D.luck22.A.rejected B.submitted C.displayed D.followed23.A.relaxed B.awkward C.nervous D.depressed24.A.remembered B.guided C.spotted D.forted25.A.ignored B.touched C.rewarded D.cheated26.A.hesitated B.waited C.escaped D.approached27.A.active B.impatient C.anxious D.desperate28.A.slid B.struggled C.got D.looked29.A.helpful B.rude C.strict D.particular30.A.setaside B.putaway C.dugout D.usedup31.A.heart B.pocket C.store D.drawer32.A.handed B.lent C.returned D.awarded33.A.dangerous B.normal C.unpractical D.unpleasant34.A.pain B.choice C.effort D.privilege35.A.instants B.chances C.differences D.flashes【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.A26.D27.B28.C29.B30.C31.B32.A33.D34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了LauraEshelman在经历了一段精神困扰和求职困难后，在街头偶遇一个乞讨者并与其发生互动，最终从对方的话中得到慰藉的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她找工作遇到了困难。A.fun乐趣；B.trouble麻烦；C.experience经验；D.luck好运。根据前文“In2012,LauraEshelmanmanwasinthemiddleofamentalunsettlement.”可知，Laura精神不安，所以应找工作遇到了困难。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正要离开一家市中心的公司，在那里我又被拒绝了一份工作。A.rejected拒绝；B.submitted提交；C.displayed显示；D.followed跟随。根据前文“Shewashaving1infindingwork.”可知，Laura找工作遇到了困难，所以是工作申请被拒绝了。故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到非常沮丧，于是决定去街对面的全食超市。A.relaxed轻松的；B.awkward令人尴尬的；C.nervous紧张的；D.depressed沮丧的。根据前文“IwasleavingadowntownbusinesswhereIhadanotherjobapplication2.”可知，作者又一次被拒绝了工作申请，所以是感到沮丧的。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她穿过街道时，Eshelman看到一个男人在街角要钱。A.remembered记得；B.guided指导；C.spotted看见；D.forted安慰。根据后文“amanaskingtormoneyonthecorner”结合选项可知，应是看到一个男人在街角要钱。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他没有受到路人的理睬。A.ignored忽视；B.touched感动；C.rewarded奖励；D.cheated作弊。根据前文“amanaskingtormoneyonthecorner”以及but表转折可知，应是没人理他，符合语境。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Eshelman走近她时，他向她致敬，轻声问她能不能给他一点钱。A.hesitated犹豫；B.waited等待；C.escaped逃跑；D.approached接近。根据后文“hepurmedtoher,andaskedifhecouldhavealittlebitofmoney”可知，应是Eshelman走近她时，他向Eshelman乞讨。故选D项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不耐烦地说：“别烦我。我没有东西给你。走开！”A.active积极的；B.impatient不耐烦的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.desperate不惜冒险的。根据后文“Leavemealone.Idon’thaveanythingtogiveyou.Getaway!”可知，Eshelman是不耐烦的。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Eshelman走进杂货店。A.slid滑行；B.struggled努力；C.got进入；D.looked看。根据后文“Eshelmanrushedoutsidetofindhim.”可知，Eshelman冲了出来，所以此处应是走进杂货店。故选C项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她突然意识到自己对那个男人是多么粗鲁。A.helpful有帮助的；B.rude粗鲁的；C.strict严格的；D.particular特别的。根据前文“Leavemealone.Idon’thaveanythingtogiveyou.Getaway!”可知，Eshelman对男人的很粗鲁。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。她道了歉，然后从口袋里掏出一些硬币。A.setaside放在一边；B.putaway收起；C.dugout翻出；D.usedup耗尽。根据后文“somecoins”结合选项可知，应是从口袋里掏出一些硬币。故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她道了歉，然后从口袋里掏出一些硬币。A.heart心脏；B.pocket口袋；C.store商店；D.drawer抽屉。根据前文“Sheapologizedand10somecoins”结合实际可知，应是从口袋里掏出一些硬币。故选B项。【32题详解】考查