江西省2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题

高二英语试卷试卷共8页，67小题，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.考查范围：选择性必修第一册～选择性必修第三册Unit4。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡指定位置上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.1.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shedislikestakingtests.B.Sheremembersmanyverbs.C.ShehastroublewithSpanish.2.HowdoesTomfeel?A.Regretful.B.Hopeful.C.Satisfied.3.Whatistheman?A.Ateacher.B.Apasserby.C.Apoliceman.4.Whattimeisitnow?A.5:00pm.B.6:00pm.C.7:00pm.5.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Takemorerest.B.Takemoreworkout.C.Eatdinnerregularly.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdidthewomanlikeinherchildhood?A.Asoldierdoll.B.Amodelcar.C.Games.7.Whatisthemangoodat?A.Makingdolls.B.Buildingcastles.C.PlayingActionHeroes.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydoesthewomanwanttoreturnthesweater?A.Itisofpoorquality.B.Itdoesn'tfitherwell.C.Shetookitatahigherprice.9.Whatdoesthemanagreetodoatfirst?A.Bendtherulesforthewoman.B.Exchangethewoman'ssweater.C.Letthewomanchooseadifferentone.10.Whatwillhappennext?A.Thewomanwillgethermoneyback.B.Thewomanwillchoosealargersize.C.Thewomanwilltryadifferentstyle.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whywasthewomanannoyed?A.Themanignoredher.B.Themanspoketoherrudely.C.Themandidn'tordercoffeeforher.12Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Coworkers.B.Wifeandhusband.C.Friends.13.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?ATurnoffhisphone.B.Meetwithafriend.C.Sendaquickmessage.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whydoestheman'sheartbeatwildly?A.Heisveryexcited.B.Heisalittlescared.C.Heissufferingaheartattack.15.Whatdoesthemantakewithhim?A.Bottledwater.B.Apples.C.Cigarettes.16.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inasupermarket.B.Atastation.C.Atanairport.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Acity.B.Auniversity.C.Atrip.18.WhyisthespeakerfamiliarwithPrague?A.Hespenthisuniversitylifethere.B.Heoncelivedthereforfivedays.C.Heoncereadaboutitatuniversity.19.WhatdidthespeakerdoinPrague?A.Helearnedtomakebiscuits.B.Hehadhisoldhouserepaired.C.Hetastedmanydifferentfoods.20.Fromwheredidthespeakerseethebabystatues?A.PetrinHill.B.TheTVTower.C.CharlesBridge.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFREEONLINEFIRSTAIDCOURSEWeletoouronlinefirstaidcourse.Anyonecantakethistrainingonlineandlearnmoreaboutlifesavingfirstaid.Weprovidethisfirstaidtrainingfornocharge.Simplyworkyourwaythroughouronlinefirstaidmodules(模块)below.Youmustbeloggedin(登录)toaccessthecoursematerial.Ifyoudon’thaveanaccount,thenpleaseregister.BasiconlinefirstaidcourseBelowarethemodulesforouronlinefirstaidcourse.Youdonothavetotaketheminaspecificorder.However,ifyouaretotallynewtofirstaid,itmayhelptostartatthebeginning.Attheendofeachmodulethereisafirstaidtestwhereyoucantestyourknowledge.Onceyou’vepletedallthemodules,youcandownloadafreefirstaidcertificate(证书).Module1IntroductiontoFirstAidModule2TheUnconsciousVictimModule3BleedingandShock.Module4BurnsPleaseremembertomarkallthemodulesaspletedotherwiseyouwillnotbeabletodownloadyourbasicfirstaidcertificate.Modulesmarkedaspletedwillhaveagreenticknexttothemabove.Advancedonlinefirstaidcoursepletedtheabovecourse?Whynotcheckoutournewfreeonlineadvancedfirstaidcourse?Thiscoursewillbuilduponthetrainingandcontentinthebasicfirstaidcourseaboveandwillhelpfurtheryourknowledgeontopicssuchas:*Medicalconditions*Minorinjuries*Patientassessment*Clinicalobservations*TherolesandresponsibilitiesofafirstaiderAsalways,youwillreceiveafreefirstaidcertificateonceyoupletetheadvancedcourse.1.Whatisamusttolearnthisonlinecourse?A.Offeringasmallfeeforthetraining. B.Havinganaccountonthiswebsite.C.Learningthecourseintherequiredorder. D.Takingafirstaidtestbeforethecourse.2.Whichmoduleprovidesknowledgeaboutbloodynose?A.Module1. B.Module2. C.Module3. D.Module4.3.Whatcanweknowabouttheadvancedonlinefirstaidcourse?A.Itprovidesapaidcertificateofhonor.B.Itisintendedforprofessionalmedicalworkers.C.Itteachespeoplehowtojudgepatients’condition.D.Ithasnothingtodowithbasicfirstaidknowledge.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个免费在线急救课程的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Youmustbeloggedin(登录)toaccessthecoursematerial.Ifyoudon’thaveanaccount,thenpleaseregister.(你必须登录才能访问课程材料。如果你没有账户，请注册)”可知，参与学习的人们需要注册账号并登录才可以学习；由此可知，学习这门在线课程必须在这个网站上有一个帐户。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中的“Module3BleedingandShock(模块3出血和休克)”可知，Module3提供关于出血和休克的知识；由此可知，Module3提供有关流鼻血的知识。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Advancedonlinefirstaidcourse”下文中“*Patientassessment(病情评估)”可知，高级在线急救课程教会人们如何判断病人的病情。故选C。BSixyearoldAmarLalwasneverconcernedwithwhatyear,month,weekordayitwas.Hisroutinewasthesame.Everymorningthefamilywouldpacktheirbelongingsandmovefromquarry(采石场)toquarry,wheretheybeganaday’swork.Asthecoloursoftheskychangedfrombluetoorangetoblack,thefamilywouldbreakstones.Needlesstosay,schoolwasadistantdreamaswaspermanenthousing.Butonedayin2001,Lal’sdestinychangedwhenNobelPrizewinnerKailashSatyarthipaidavisittothequarry.Recallingthefatefuldayin2001whenSatyarthiwasconductingagatheringinhisvillage—aneducationmarchpartofthe“SaveChildhoodMovement”—LalsaysSatyarthispottedhimcarryingheavystones.Ashortconversationlater,SatyarthihadconvincedLal’sparentsthattheirchildwasmeantforgreaterthings.“IvividlyrecallSatyarthiaskingmyparentswhetherIwenttoschool.Butnotmyparents,grandparentsorevengreatgrandparentshadeverbeentoschool.Theylookedathimwithapuzzledlookbecauseanomadic(游牧的)lifestylewastheonlyoneweknew.Workwasallweweretaughttodo,”the27yearoldlawyerLalshares.Hisparentswereinterestedbythis“angel”whoassuredthemthatabetterworldlayoutsidethisquarry—aworldwheretheirchildrencouldplay,laughandlearn.TheydecidedtotrustSatyarthi.Andseveraldayslater,LalwenttoSatyarthi’scentreforchildren.ThusbeganLal’ssecondchapteroflife.“MyeducationatSatyarthi’scentretaughtmethatchildlabourisaseriousproblemandchildrenaroundIndiaaresubjectedtocrueltyunderthebannerof‘work’.IwasreallygratefulthatIwasgivenachanceatanewlifewhichthousandsofchildrendreamedof.Iwantedtogiveotherchildrenthesame.”SinceLalgraduatedasalawyerin2018,hehasbeenworkingwithSatyarthioncasesandpracticalassistance,andinturn,givinghopetomanymorechildren.4.HowwasLal’slifebeforemeetingSatyarthi?A.Heworkedasalabourer. B.Heledafortablelife.C.Hewasabusedinthefamily. D.Helikedtoobservethesky.5.WhoisSatyarthimostlikelytobe?A.Anadvocateforchildren’srights. B.Anownerofabigquarry.C.ANobelPrizewinnerinmedicine. D.Anexpertinchildren’sbehavior.6.HowmightLal’sparentsreacttoSatyarthi’squestion?A.Theyfeltannoyed. B.Theywereconfused.C.Theyfeltunhappy. D.Theyweredisappointed.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLal?A.Gratefulandgenerous. B.Reliableanddetermined.C.Ambitiousandmodest. D.Luckyandresponsible.【答案】4.A5.A6.B7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了幼小的 AmarLal在采石场干活时幸运地遇到“拯救童年运动”的倡导者KailashSatyarthi，从此开始了新的生活并在长大后同Satyarthi一起对儿童进行救援行动。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Everymorningthefamilywouldpacktheirbelongingsandmovefromquarry(采石场)toquarry,wheretheybeganaday’swork.(每天早上，这家人都会收拾好行李，从一个采石场搬到另一个采石场，开始一天的工作)”可知，Lal每天和家人一起在采石场做苦工。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Recallingthefatefuldayin2001whenSatyarthiwasconductingagatheringinhisvillage—aneducationmarchpartofthe“SaveChildhoodMovement”—LalsaysSatyarthispottedhimcarryingheavystones.(Lal回忆起2001年那个灾难性的日子，当时Satyarthi正在他的村子里组织一场集会——“拯救童年运动”的一部分教育游行——拉尔说，Satyarthi发现他扛着沉重的石头)”以及最后一段“SinceLalgraduatedasalawyerin2018,hehasbeenworkingwithSatyarthioncasesandpracticalassistance,andinturn,givinghopetomanymorechildren.(自从Lal于2018年以律师身份毕业以来，他一直与Satyarthi一起处理案件和实际援助，反过来又给更多的孩子带来希望)”可推知，Satyarthi最有可能是反童工运动的活动家，儿童权益的倡导者。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段““IvividlyrecallSatyarthiaskingmyparentswhetherIwenttoschool.Butnotmyparents,grandparentsorevengreatgrandparentshadeverbeentoschool.Theylookedathimwithapuzzledlookbecauseanomadic(游牧的)lifestylewastheonlyoneweknew.Workwasallweweretaughttodo,”the27yearoldlawyerLalshares.(“我清楚地记得Satyarthi提问我父母我是否上学。但我的父母、祖父母甚至曾祖父母都没有上过学。他们不解地看着他，因为我们只知道游牧的生活方式。工作是我们唯一被教导要做的事情，”27岁的律师Lal分享道)”可推知，当Satyarthi问到他们的孩子是否上学时，Lal的父母是感到困惑的。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“IwasreallygratefulthatIwasgivenachanceatanewlifewhichthousandsofchildrendreamedof.Iwantedtogiveotherchildrenthesame.(我真的很感激，我得到了一个机会，开始成千上万的孩子梦想的新生活。我想给其他孩子同样的东西)”以及最后一段“SinceLalgraduatedasalawyerin2018,hehasbeenworkingwithSatyarthioncasesandpracticalassistance,andinturn,givinghopetomanymorechildren.(自从Lal于2018年以律师身份毕业以来，他一直与Satyarthi一起处理案件和实际援助，反过来又给更多的孩子带来希望)”可知，Lal认为自己是幸运的，而且他大学毕业后积极帮助救援更多的儿童，由此判断他也是有社会责任感的。故选D。CTobaccoruinslives,leadingtoover400,000hospitaladmissionsayear,andultimatelykillstwointhreelifetimesmokers.Overtheingweeks,MPs(议员)willdebatenewlawstocreatea“smokefreegeneration”,meaningnoonebornonorafter1January,2009,canbelegallysoldacigarette.ThisisatrulytransformativepieceofpublichealthpolicythatcouldseeanendtotobaccouseinEngland.Thepolicywillseethelegalageforbeingsoldtobaccorisebyoneyeareachyearfrom2027.Whiletheproposedageincreaseapproachisnovel,weknowthatraisingtheageofpurchasingworks.Smokingratesdroppedby30percentamongyoungpeoplewithinayearwhenthelegalageincreasedfrom16to18in2007.Thedropwascloserto40percentamongthetargetagegroupwhenitwasraisedfrom18to21intheUS.Thereareconcernsamongsomethatthenewpolicycoulddriveanillegalmarket,buttheevidencedoesn’tbackthisup.Since2000theillegalmarketfortobaccohasdeclinedfrom22percentto11percentdespiteraisingtheageofpurchasingto18,banningsmokinginpublicplaces,introducingplainpackaging,andcontinuedpricerises.Furthermore,thefocusofthepolicyistopreventpeopletakingupsmoking—noonewhocancurrentlybuytobaccowillbeunabletodoso—makingitunlikelytherewillbeanincreaseddemandforillegaltobacco.Onlinesalesmayalsopresenttheirowndifficultyasthenewpolicyesintoforce,withdigitalretailers(零售商)havingresponsibilitytocheckontheageofcustomersremotely.Thegovernmentispromising“enhancingonlineageverification(验证)”butitwouldbefarsimplertobanonlinetobaccosalesaltogether,asremendedinarecentindependentgovernmentreview.8.Whowillberestrictedbythenewpolicy?A.Heavysmokers. B.Cigarettesellers.C.Thetobaccogrowers. D.Thetobaccoadvertisers.9.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph3?A.Thebenefitofthepolicy. B.Thenoveltyofthepolicy.C.Thetargetpeopleofthepolicy. D.Thecontentofthepolicy.10.Whatdosomepeopleworryabout?A.Thepriceoftobaccowillgoup. B.Morepeoplewillpickupsmoking.C.Thetaxfromtobaccomaydecrease. D.Theillegaltobaccomarketswillboom.11.Whatwillhappentoonlinetobaccosaleswiththenewpolicyineffect?A.Itwillencounterresistance. B.Itwillfaceanewchallenge.C.Itwillhavesimplifiedprocess. D.Itwillmakemoreprofits.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国议会制定的一项有关烟草使用的新法律，这项法律规定烟草商不能向2009年1月1日或之后出生的人出售香烟。8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Overtheingweeks,MPs(议员)willdebatenewlawstocreatea“smokefreegeneration”,meaningnoonebornonorafter1January,2009,canbelegallysoldacigarette.(在接下来的几周内，议员们将讨论创造“无烟一代”的新法律，这意味着2009年1月1日或之后出生的人都不能合法出售香烟)”可知，新的法律规定了烟草不能卖给2009年及之后出生的青少年，所以被新政策限制的是烟草销售商。故选B。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Thepolicywillseethelegalageforbeingsoldtobaccorisebyoneyeareachyearfrom2027.Whiletheproposedageincreaseapproachisnovel,weknowthatraisingtheageofpurchasingworks.Smokingratesdroppedby30percentamongyoungpeoplewithinayearwhenthelegalageincreasedfrom16to18in2007.Thedropwascloserto40percentamongthetargetagegroupwhenitwasraisedfrom18to21intheUS.(根据该政策，从2027年起，烟草法定销售年龄将每年提高一岁。虽然提议的年龄增长方法是新颖的，但我们知道提高购买年龄是有效的。2007年，法定吸烟年龄从16岁提高到18岁，一年内年轻人的吸烟率下降了30%。在美国，当目标年龄段从18岁提高到21岁时，这一比例下降了近40%)”可知，第三段主要用以往的数据证明了提高烟草购买年龄是有效降低吸烟率的方法，也就是这个政策的好处。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Thereareconcernsamongsomethatthenewpolicycoulddriveanillegalmarket,buttheevidencedoesn’tbackthisup.(一些人担心，新政策可能会催生一个非法市场，但没有证据支持这种说法)”可知，有些人担心新政策会催生非法买卖烟草的市场。故选D。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Onlinesalesmayalsopresenttheirowndifficultyasthenewpolicyesintoforce,withdigitalretailers(零售商)havingresponsibilitytocheckontheageofcustomersremotely.(随着新政策的实施，网上销售也可能出现自己的困难，因为数字零售商有责任远程查看客户的年龄)”可知，新政策实施后，网上烟草销售将面临新的挑战，因为他们要对网上买烟的用户进行在线年龄验证，以确保买烟的人在合法购买烟草的年龄范围内。故选B。DAroundandaroundtheygo—dogsareoftenseenchasing(追逐)theirtails.Thereareseveralpossiblereasonsforthisbehavior,aswellaswaystothwartit.Puppiesandyoungerdogsmaysimplychasetheirowntailsforfun.Puppies,especially,maynotyetrealizetheirtailsareactuallypartoftheirownbodies.Boredommaybeanotherreason,especiallywhendogsareleftaloneforalongtime.“Anytimeadogisnotenrichedorexercisedfully,theyhavethepotentialtobebored,”RussellHartstein,adogbehavioralconsultantsaid.Forthesedogs,asimplesolutionmaybetoplayfetchortakeawalk.Mostdogswouldratherchaseaballthantheirowntails.Anotherreasondogsmaychasetheirtailsistoseekattention.Adog’sownermayhaverewardedthisbehaviorbylaughingorpraisingit.Evenblamingadogfortailchasingmaydrawattentionthatenhancesthisbehavior.Tocontroltailchasing,ignorethebehaviorwhileotherwisesupplyingthedogwithahealthyamountofattention.Unluckily,anumberofphysicaldiseasesarelinkedwithtailchasing.Aninjurytothetail,itching;orreactiontosomefoodmaycausedogstobiteorchasetheirtails.Ifdogssuddenlystartchasingorbitingtheirtails,theownersshouldscheduleavisitwiththeirvet.“Interestingly,wefoundthatdogsthatreceiveddietarysupplements(补充剂),especiallyvitaminsandminerals,expressedlesstailchasingparedtodogsthatdidnotreceiveanysupplements,”Hartsteinsaid.“Inaddition,paredwithdogsthatdidn’tchasetheirtails,tailchaserswereoftenshyerandhadseparatedearlierfromtheirmothers.”Ifadogisotherwisehealthy,“practicingdogtrainingandengagingtheirmentalandemotionalaspectsoftheirliveswillhelpstoptailchasing,”Hartsteinsaid.“There’snoharmintrainingmorewithyourdogandmakingsuretheyarefulfilledandenrichedineverywaypossible.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thwart”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Punish. B.Record. C.Convey. D.Handle.13.Whatcanbelearnedaboutdog’schasingitstailfromPara.5?A.Itisanormalsceneforfun. B.Itisanindicationoflackingexercise.C.Itisasignofaproblem. D.Itisabehaviorofseekingattention.14.WhatmaybeHartstein’ssuggestion?A.Practicingdogtrainingatthevet’s. B.Encouragingdogstochasetailstorelax.C.Givingdogsasmallnumberofvitamins. D.Gettingpuppiesindependentasearlyaspossible.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhyDoDogsChaseTheirTails? B.CanDogsmunicatebyTails?C.WhatFunctionsDoDogTailsHave? D.DoesEveryDogLikeChasingItsTail?【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了狗喜欢追逐自己尾巴的原因以及能够改善这种行为的建议。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段“Aroundandaroundtheygo—dogsareoftenseenchasing(追逐)theirtails.Thereareseveralpossiblereasonsforthisbehavior,aswellaswaysto

thwartit.(它们一圈又一圈地跑——人们经常看到狗追逐它们的尾巴。这种行为有几个可能的原因，以及

thwart它的方法。)”、第三段中的“Forthesedogs,asimplesolutionmaybetoplayfetchortakeawalk.(对于这些狗来说，一个简单的解决办法可能是玩接球游戏或散步。)”以及最后一段中“Ifadogisotherwisehealthy,“practicingdogtrainingandengagingtheirmentalandemotionalaspectsoftheirliveswillhelpstoptailchasing,”Hartsteinsaid.“There’snoharmintrainingmorewithyourdogandmakingsuretheyarefulfilledandenrichedineverywaypossible.”(如果一只狗在其他方面都很健康，‘对狗进行训练，让它们的精神和情感方面都参与进来，将有助于阻止追逐尾巴。’哈特斯坦说，‘多和你的狗一起训练，确保它们在各个方面都得到满足和充实，这是没有坏处的。’)”可知，本文介绍了狗追逐自己尾巴的原因以及相应的解决方法，因此推断划线词thwart意思是“解决，应对”，与Handle表达意思一致。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Unluckily,anumberofphysicaldiseasesarelinkedwithtailchasing.Aninjurytothetail,itching;orreactiontosomefoodmaycausedogstobiteorchasetheirtails.Ifdogssuddenlystartchasingorbitingtheirtails,theownersshouldscheduleavisitwiththeirvet.(不幸的是，许多身体疾病都与追逐尾巴有关。伤了尾巴，痒了；或者对某些食物的反应可能导致狗咬或追逐它们的尾巴。如果狗突然开始追逐或咬尾巴，主人应该安排去看兽医)”可知，狗追逐自己的尾巴可能是它们自身存在一些疾病或问题的表现。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Interestingly,wefoundthatdogsthatreceiveddietarysupplements(补充剂),especiallyvitaminsandminerals,expressedlesstailchasingparedtodogsthatdidnotreceiveanysupplements,”Hartsteinsaid.“Inaddition,paredwithdogsthatdidn’tchasetheirtails,tailchaserswereoftenshyerandhadseparatedearlierfromtheirmothers.”(哈特斯坦说：‘有趣的是，我们发现，与没有服用任何补充剂的狗相比，服用膳食补充剂，尤其是维生素和矿物质的狗，追尾巴的行为更少。此外，与不追逐尾巴的狗相比，追逐尾巴的狗通常更害羞，而且更早与母亲分离。’)”可知，Hartstein可能会建议平时给狗补充一些维生素。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Aroundandaroundtheygo—dogsareoftenseenchasing(追逐)theirtails.Thereareseveralpossiblereasonsforthisbehavior,aswellaswaystothwartit.(到处都可以看到狗狗追逐着自己的尾巴。这种行为有几个可能的原因，以及阻止它的方法)”结合下文内容可知，文章围绕狗追逐自己尾巴的现象展开，分析了可能出现这种行为的原因，并介绍了能够改善这种现象相关的建议；A选项“狗为什么追逐尾巴？”能够概括文章主旨，可以作为最佳标题。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Afewusefulsketching(素描)tipscanoftengeneraterewardingresults.Ifyouareabeginner,youshouldfindsomethingusefulfromthetipsbelow.Knowyourpencils.Havingtherightpenciltobegindrawingyourpencilsketchisoneofthemostessentialsketchingtips.Pencilsdifferinlead(铅笔芯).___16___:“B”pencilsaresofter,“H”areharder,and“HB”sitsinthemiddle.ItisremendedtostartsomewhereontheHscaleasafoundationandthenfinishwiththedarkerBscale.___17___.Ifyoupositionyourhandclosertotheendofthepencil,youhavemorecontrolandprecision,butdarkermarkings.Gripping(握)furtherupthepencilwillgiveyoulesscontrolandprecision,butlightermarkings.Varyyourlines.Notalllinesareequal.Smallshiftsinthewidthanddarknessofyourlineswillcreateadynamicdrawing.___18___.However,withpracticeyouwillbeabletocreateavarietyofmarksthatworktogethertomakeanimpressiveimage.Experimentwithdifferentpencilgradesandwithholdingthepencilatdifferentangles.Applythe70/30ruleinyoursketching.___19___!The70/30rulehelpsyoucreateeffectivepositions.Theideaisthat30percentofyoursketchisfilledwiththemainfocusanddetail,andtheremaining70percentisfiller.Thislessinterestingareahelpsdirectattentiontowardsthemainsubjectofyourartwork.Trydifferentmarkmakingmethods.Thereareplentyofsketchingtipsandtechniquestohelpyouachievedifferentstylesandeffects.___20___.A.TakecontrolofyourpencilB.ChoosetherightlengthofthepencilC.Actually,suchdrawingsareveryeasytoproduceD.OneofthemostvitalsketchingtipsisthatlesscanbemoreE.ThehardnessoftheleadisindicatedonthesideofthepencilF.It’ssignificanttoexperimentandfindwhatworksbestforyouG.Controllingthekindofmarkyouputdowncanbetrickyatfirst【答案】16.E17.A18.G19.D20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些素描的技巧和方法。【16题详解】根据后文““B”pencilsaresofter,“H”areharder,and“HB”sitsinthemiddle.ItisremendedtostartsomewhereontheHscaleasafoundationandthenfinishwiththedarkerBscale.(“B”铅笔较软，“H”铅笔较硬，“HB”铅笔位于中间。建议从H刻度的某处开始作为基础，然后以较暗的B刻度结束)”可知，后文主要讲述素描笔的不同软硬型号，故E选项“铅笔芯的硬度写在铅笔的侧面”符合语境，故选E。【17题详解】根据后文“Ifyoupositionyourhandclosertotheendofthepencil,youhavemorecontrolandprecision,butdarkermarkings.Gripping(握)furtherupthepencilwillgiveyoulesscontrolandprecision,butlightermarkings.(如果你的手靠近铅笔的末端，你就能更好地控制和精确，但标记会更暗。握得越紧，铅笔的控制力和精确度就越低，但标记会越轻)”可知，本段大意是在讲述怎么样握笔。故A选项“拿好你的铅笔”符合语境，故选A。【18题详解】根据上文“Varyyourlines.Notalllinesareequal.Smallshiftsinthewidthanddarknessofyourlineswillcreateadynamicdrawing.(变换你的线条。不是所有的线都是相等的。线条的宽度和暗度的小变化将创建一个动态的绘图)”以及后文“However,withpracticeyouwillbeabletocreateavarietyofmarksthatworktogethertomakeanimpressiveimage.Experimentwithdifferentpencilgradesandwithholdingthepencilatdifferentangles.(然而，通过练习，你将能够创造出各种各样的标记，共同创造出令人印象深刻的图像。尝试用不同等级的铅笔，用不同的角度拿铅笔)”可知，本段大意是在讲怎样练习画线条，后文提到通过练习可以提高技能。故G选项“一开始，控制你写下的标记可能会很棘手”符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】根据上文“Applythe70/30ruleinyoursketching.(在你的草图中应用70/30法则)”以及后文“The70/30rulehelpsyoucreateeffectivepositions.Theideaisthat30percentofyoursketchisfilledwiththemainfocusanddetail,andtheremaining70percentisfiller.Thislessinterestingareahelpsdirectattentiontowardsthemainsubjectofyourartwork.(70/30法则可以帮助你创建有效的构图。这个想法是，你的草图30%是由主要焦点和细节填充的，剩下的70%是填充的。这个不太有趣的区域有助于将注意力引向你的艺术作品的主要主题)”可知，本段大意是在讲述一个素描绘画技巧，后文则给出这个技巧就是70/30法则。故D选项“最重要的一个素描技巧是少即是多”符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据上文“Trydifferentmarkmakingmethods.Thereareplentyofsketchingtipsandtechniquestohelpyouachievedifferentstylesandeffects.(尝试不同的标记方法。有很多素描技巧和技巧可以帮助你实现不同的风格和效果)”可知，本段大意是在讲述有许多的绘画方法，因此要找到一个适合自己的素描方法。故F选项“尝试并找到最适合你的方法是很重要的”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Acrow(乌鸦)becamerabbits’friend.ItallbeganwhenAndrewSilverwoodheardofahelpless___21___crowlyinginjuredonabusyroad.Without___22___,Andrewdecidedtobeginacrowrescuemission,knowingthatthebird’schanceofsurvivalwas___23___insuchabusystreet.Upon___24___thelocation,Andrewfoundthebabybirdhadfallenfromhisnest.Inmostsituations,thebest___25___forthebabybirdwouldbetoreturntheanimaltohisnest.However,asthenestsathighuponatree,Andrewhadnomeansof___26___thebirdwithhisfamily.Besides,thecrowhadabrokenleg,whichwouldrequire___27___fortheanimaltosurvive.Thenhetookthecrowhome.TheSilverwoods___28___intendedtoprovidecareforthecrowuntilhecouldbereleasedbackintothewild.However,fatehad___29___plansinstoreforthecrow,asAndrewsoonfoundtherewasanunexpected___30___betweenthecrowandhisrabbits.Thepetrabbitsweledthecrowintotheircage,leadingtoaheartwarmingandunconventional___31___.Asdaysturnedintoweeks,thecrow___32___therabbitfamily.Surprisingly,thecrowtookonthecharacteristicsofhisrabbitpanions.Despitetheirdifferences,thislittlecrow,hishumanparents,andhisrabbitfriends___33___happily.Theirheartwarmingtalesserveasagentle___34___thateverylivingbeingdeservesloveandcare,regardlessoftheir___35___.21.A.beautiful B.clever C.young D.perfect22.A.doubt B.difficulty C.hesitation D.permission23.A.slim B.possible C.optimistic D.acceptable24.A.seeing B.searching C.knowing D.reaching25.A.opportunity B.option C.place D.performance26.A.reuniting B.matching C.paring D.stimulating27.A.food B.fort C.guidance D.care28.A.objectively B.initially C.continuously D.occasionally29.A.realistic B.vital C.different D.specific30.A.bond B.balance C.issue D.result31.A.assignment B.friendship C.reputation D.exhibition32.A.tookover B.madeup C.stoodfor D.integratedinto33.A.discuss B.work C.coexist D.cooperate34.A.warning B.reminder C.model D.bridge35.A.petence B.talent C.size D.species【答案】21.C22.C23.A24.D25.B26.A27.D28.B29.C30.A31.B32.D33.C34.B35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一个男子救下受伤小乌鸦，本欲康复放归自然，不料乌鸦与家养兔子建立深厚友谊，共同生活，展现跨物种温情共处，提醒人们每种生命都值得关爱。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当安德鲁·西尔弗伍德听说一只无助的幼小乌鸦受伤躺在繁忙的道路上时，故事开始了。A.beautiful美丽的；B.clever聪明的；C.young幼小的；D.perfect完美的。根据下文“Andrewfoundthebabybirdhadfallenfromhisnest”可知，一只幼鸟从鸟巢中掉落。所以此处表示一只无助的幼小乌鸦受伤躺在繁忙的道路上。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：安德鲁毫不犹豫地决定开始营救乌鸦的任务，因为他知道在这条繁忙的街道上，这只鸟的生存机会很小。A.doubt怀疑；B.difficulty困难；C.hesitation犹豫；D.permission允许。根据下文“Andrewdecidedtobeginacrowrescuemission,knowingthatthebird’schanceofsurvivalwas___3___

insuchabusystreet.”可知，男子知道幼鸟在在这条繁忙的街道上生存的几率很小，所以他毫不犹豫的决定去救这只小鸟。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：安德鲁毫不犹豫地决定开始营救乌鸦的任务，因为他知道在这条繁忙的街道上，这只鸟的生存机会很小。A.slim微小的；B.possible可能的；C.optimistic乐观的；D.acceptable可接受的。根据空后“insuchabusystreet”以及常识可知，受伤的幼鸟在繁忙的街道上存活的几率很小。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：到达现场，安德鲁发现幼鸟从巢中掉落。A.seeing看见；B.searching搜索；C.knowing知道；D.reaching到达，伸手够到。根据下文“Andrewfoundthebabybirdhadfallenfromhisnest”可知，男子发现了幼鸟掉落的地方，说明他到达了现场。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大多数情况下，对于幼鸟来说，最好的选择就是把它送回巢里。A.opportunity机会；B.option选择；C.place地点；D.performance表演，表现。根据空后“forthebabybirdwouldbetoreturntheanimaltohisnest”可知，对于幼鸟来说，把它送回巢里是最好的选择。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于鸟巢高高地挂在树上，安德鲁没有办法让鸟儿与它的家人团聚。A.reuniting重聚；B.matching匹配；C.paring比较；D.stimulating刺激。根据上文“thebest___5___

forthebabybirdwouldbetoreturntheanimaltohisnest”可知，男子决定把幼鸟送回巢里，这就意味着他想让鸟儿和家人团聚，但是树太高，他没法把幼鸟送回巢里。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，乌鸦腿断了，为了生存它需要得到照顾。于是他把乌鸦带回了家。A.food食物；B.fort舒适；C.guidance指导；D.care照顾。根据上文“thecrowhadabrokenleg”可知，幼鸟的腿断了，所以需要照料。故选D。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，西尔弗伍德一家打算照顾乌鸦直到它可以被放归野外。A.objectively客观地；B.initially最初；C.continuously不断地；D.occasionally偶尔。根据下文“However,fatehad___9___plansinstoreforthecrow,asAndrewsoonfoundtherewasanunexpected___10___

betweenthecrowandhisrabbits.”可知，最初，男子打算把幼鸟照