第04辑一轮阅读 专题06 阅读理解难点分类突破（说明文选标题+细节理解题+心理效应题）（教师版） 2025届新高三英语提分培优通关练（高考真题+名校模拟）

2025届新高三英语提分培优通关练（高考真题+名校模拟）第04辑一轮阅读专题06阅读理解难点分类突破（说明文选标题+细节理解题+心理效应题）解析版目录说明文选标题1+3篇P1【名师点津】P1【高考真题】P2【名校模拟】P3细节理解题1+3篇P10【名师点津】P10【高考真题】P10【名校模拟】P11心理效应题1+3篇P17【名师点津】P17【高考真题】P17【名校模拟】P19说明文选标题1+3篇【名师点津】说明文标题错误三大特征1.范围太宽泛：选项太过于宽泛，与文章内容相距甚远。2.范围太具体：选项死扣文章某一细节不适合用于标题。3.范围太偏颇：选项内容过于偏颇，明显偏离文章主旨。说明文选标题三大方法1.主题段法标题段一般在文章的第一段和最后一段，一般来说第一段经常提出文章的主题或最后一段总结文章的主题，知道了文章的主题也就知道了文章的中心，把中心概括成一句话或一个短语即是文章的标题。2.主题句法解题的关键要抓住每段的首尾句，要注意贯穿文章始终的词语。通过寻找文章的主题句，并对主题句进行概括和提炼，从而确定文章的标题。2.关键词法任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即关键词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。说明文选标题三大策略1.正面肯定法在理解文章主旨的基础上，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨。2.反面否定法撇开原文，拿各个备选项去尝试用它们写出来的“文章”将是什么内容，然后和原文对照，一一排除荒谬者。3.排除干扰法研究干扰项里面的中心词、修饰词的变化、结构、新奇性、概括性等。文章的标题应该新颖奇特，易激发读者的好奇心，吸引读者注意力。【高考真题】(2024全国甲卷第27题)Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance,almostallanimalshavedistinctvocals(声音)thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp,scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.Butcatsarespecialcreatureswhopossessamazingvocalizationskills.Theyareabletohaveentireconversationswithhumansusingmeowsandyou'reabletointerpretit.Ifapetcatishungry,itwillkeepmeowingtoattractattentionandfindfood.However,whenacatislookingforaffection,theytendtoproducestretchedandsoftmeows.Meowingstartsassoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother'sattentionandbefed.Catshavemanyheightenedsenses,buttheirsenseofsmellisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheirnosestoassesstheirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.Theywillsniffoutspecificareasbeforetheychooseaplacetorelax.However,anotherwaythecatsareabletodistinguishbetweensituationsisbylookingforfamiliarsmells.Yourcatwilllikelysmellyourfaceandstorethesmellinitsmemoryanduseittorecognizeyouinthefuture.That'swhymostpetcatsareabletotellimmediatelyiftheirownerswerearoundanyothercats,whichtheydon'tusuallylike.Dogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit,butcatstakethisbehaviorupanotch.Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.Thisisaveryoldhabitthat'sbeenpresentinallkindsofpredators(食肉动物).Catsbringgiftsfortheirownerstoshowtheyloveyou.Theseadorablelittlehuntersarejustdoingsomethingthatit'sbeenintheirnaturesincethebeginningoftime.Sojustgoalongwithit!24.Whatcanbelearnedaboutcats'meowingfromthefirstparagraph?A.It'sasurvivalskill. B.It'staughtbymothercats.C.It'shardtointerpret. D.It'sgettinglouderwithage.25.Howdoesapetcatassessdifferentsituations?A.Bylisteningforsounds. B.Bytouchingfamiliarobjects.C.Bycheckingonsmells. D.Bycommunicatingwithothercats.26.Whichbestexplainsthephrase"take...upnotch"inparagraph3?A.Performappropriately. B.Movefaster. C.Actstrangely. D.Dobetter.27.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TipsonFindingaSmartCat B.UnderstandingYourCat'sBehaviorC.HaveFunwithYourCat D.HowtoKeepYourCatHealthy【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了猫通过叫声、嗅觉和带回礼物来表达需求、评估环境和展示爱意。24.细节理解题。根据第一段“Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance,almostallanimalshavedistinctvocals(声音)thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp,scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.(动物可以用很多方式来表达他们的需求。例如，几乎所有的动物都有独特的声音，它们依靠这些声音来寻求帮助，吓跑危险的动物或寻找庇护。)”和“Meowingstartsassoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother’sattentionandbefed.(猫宝宝一出生就开始喵喵叫，喵喵叫是为了引起妈妈的注意和被喂食。)”可知，猫叫声是一种生存技能。故选A。25.细节理解题。根据第二段“Catshavemanyheightenedsenses,buttheirsenseofsmellisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheirnosestoassesstheirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.(猫有许多敏锐的感官，但它们的嗅觉令人印象深刻。它们用鼻子来评估周围的环境，寻找任何危险的迹象。)”可知，宠物猫通过检查气味来评估不同情况。故选C。26.词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词前半句“Dogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit,(狗以其令人印象深刻的抓取习惯而闻名)”和后句“Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.(许多猫会在外面随意找到一些东西，并把它们带给主人。)”可知，狗以取回东西而闻名，但猫可以从外边找到东西带回来，因此在这一行为上更上一层楼。短语take...upanotch是用来形容猫在带回东西这一行为上做得更好或更出色。故选D。27.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.(动物可以用很多方式来表达他们的需求。)”及全文可知，文章都在介绍和解释猫的各种行为方式，包括叫声、嗅觉和带回礼物的习惯，以及这些行为背后的原因和意义。所以“UnderstandingYourCat’sBehavior(了解你的猫的行为)”作文文章标题最为合适。故选B。【名校模拟】（2024·江苏南京·模拟预测）Whileliftingweightsoneday,Iheardaloudclickonmyback.Iwasrushedtotheemergencyroom,whereIwastoldthepainwouldeventuallydisappear.Itdidn’t,however.WhatI’velearnedaboutpainsincethen—bothasapatientandasaphysician—hasmequestioninghowwetreatit.VaniaApkarian,oneoftheworld’sleadingpainresearchers,toldmetheclassicideaisthatpaincontinuesaslongastheinjurydoes,buttheinjuryandpainitproducesendupbeingseparate.“AlthoughMRIs(核磁共振)arereliableindicatorsofinjury,theyarenotreliableindicatorsofpain,”hesays.Areviewof33studiesfoundthatamongagroupof20-year-oldswithoutanybackpain,37percenthaddiscdegeneration(腰椎间盘退化)onMRI.Andinpeoplewhosebackshurt,MRIresultshaveabsolutelynoconnectionwiththeirpain.Thisisareallybigdeal:millionsofpeopleintheU.S.alonegetMRIsforbackpain.Yet5percentofthemweremedicallyjustified,andofthosewhoreceivedMRIs,65percentreceivedpotentiallyharmfuladvice—includingcallsforriskybacksurgerythatprobablywouldn’thaveresolvedtheirpain.Icouldhavebeenoneofthosepeople,yetwhenItookmyMRIfilmstoanexperiencedsurgeon,hetoldmeanoperationmightleavemybackworseoff.IfMRIdoesn’texplainlong-lastingpains,whatdoes?Onemajorfactorisourmentality.Arecenttrialhasrevealedthepoweroftherapies(疗法)thattargethowwethinkaboutdiscomfort.Peoplewhoareanxiousaboutbeinginpainaretwiceaslikelytodeveloplongtimepain.Athoroughexaminationofpainanditsoriginsshouldencourageeffortstomakesureeveryoneinpainreceiveskindnessandrespect,aswellasaccesstomorethanpillsandsurgicalprocedures.Fullyacceptingthecomplexityofpaincanopenthedoortonewandinnovativewaystoensurethatevenifwehurt,wedon’thavetosuffer.1.Whatdoesparagraph2imply?A.Backpainisnotnecessarilyanemergencycase.B.MRItestscan’tgiveafullpictureofone’scondition.C.Minorinjuriescanleadtoseverepain.D.Boneproblemsbegintobothertheyoung.2.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor’spersonalstory?A.Hefoundhisbacksurgerymedicallyjustified.B.Thesurgeonmisledhimaboutthebackinjury.C.Asurgerymightdohimmoreharmthangood.D.Beingaphysicianhelpshimtreathisbackpain.3.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldapatientwithlong-lastingpaindo?A.Consultprofessionalstoreceivesurgeries.B.Havepainkillersasearlyaspossible.C.TakecomprehensiveMRIexaminations.D.Acquireathoroughunderstandingofthepain.4.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Originsofpain. B.Killersofpain.C.Victimsofpain. D.Effectsofpain.【答案】1.B2.C3.D4.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于疼痛的话题，指出核磁共振（MRI）并非判断疼痛的可靠指标，并提出长期疼痛的一个重要因素是我们的心态。最后，文章强调了全面理解疼痛及其起源的重要性，并提倡创新的疼痛治疗方式。1.推理判断题。根据第二段中“AlthoughMRIs(核磁共振)arereliableindicatorsofinjury,theyarenotreliableindicatorsofpain”（虽然核磁共振是判断受伤的可靠指标，但它们并不是判断疼痛的可靠指标）和“Areviewof33studiesfoundthatamongagroupof20-year-oldswithoutanybackpain,37percenthaddiscdegeneration(腰椎间盘退化)onMRI.Andinpeoplewhosebackshurt,MRIresultshaveabsolutelynoconnectionwiththeirpain.”（一项对33项研究的回顾发现，MRI显示在一群没有背痛的20岁年轻人中，37%的人有椎间盘退变。对于背部疼痛的人来说，核磁共振成像结果与他们的疼痛完全没有关系。）可知，MRI检查结果与疼痛没有绝对的联系。由此推知，不能仅凭MRI检查结果来判断一个人的疼痛情况，MRI检查结果并不能完全反映一个人的状况。故选B项。2.细节理解题。根据第三段中“yetwhenItookmyMRIfilmstoanexperiencedsurgeon,hetoldmeanoperationmightleavemybackworseoff”（然而，当我拿着MRI胶片去找一位经验丰富的外科医生时，他告诉我手术可能会让我的背部状况更糟）可知，在作者的经历中，手术可能带给他的不是好处，而是更大的伤害。故选C项。3.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Athoroughexaminationofpainanditsoriginsshouldencourageeffortstomakesureeveryoneinpainreceiveskindnessandrespect,aswellasaccesstomorethanpillsandsurgicalprocedures.Fullyacceptingthecomplexityofpaincanopenthedoortonewandinnovativewaystoensurethatevenifwehurt,wedon’thavetosuffer.”（对疼痛及其根源的深入研究应鼓励人们努力确保每个经历疼痛的人都能得到善待和尊重，并且除了药物和手术之外，还能获得更多帮助。完全接受疼痛的复杂性可以为创新和新颖的方法打开大门，以确保即使我们受伤，也不必承受痛苦。）可推知，作者认为对于长期疼痛的患者来说，不仅仅是依赖药物或手术，还应该彻底了解疼痛的原因，获得对痛苦的彻底理解。故选D项。4.主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第四段中“IfMRIdoesn’texplainlong-lastingpains,whatdoes?Onemajorfactorisourmentality.”（如果核磁共振不能解释持久疼痛，那什么能解释呢？一个主要因素是我们的心态。）可知，全文主要讨论了关于疼痛的话题，指出核磁共振（MRI）并非判断疼痛的可靠指标，并提出长期疼痛的一个重要因素是我们的心态，强调了全面理解疼痛及其起源的重要性。因此，最适合的标题是“疼痛的起源”。故选A项。（2024·河南·模拟预测）“Twinkle,Twinkle,LittleStar”couldeventuallybecomelessofababylullabyandmoreofanelegy(挽歌).Seeingstarskeepsgettingmoredifficultbecauseartificiallightingismakingthenightskyabout10%brightereachyear,accordingtoastudythatanalyzedreportsfrommorethan50,000amateurstargazers.That’samuchfasterrateofchangethanscientistspreviouslyestimatedlookingatsatellitedata.Toillustratethechange,researchersgavethisexample:Achildisbornwhere250starsarevisibleonaclearnight.Bythetimethatchildturns18,only100starsarestillvisible.“Wearelosing,yearbyyear,thepossibilitytoseethestars,whichhasbeenauniversalhumanexperience,”saidFabioFalchi,aphysicistatChile’sUniversityofSantiagodeCompostela.“Ifyoucanstillseethedimmeststars,youareinaverydarkplace.Butifyouseeonlythebrightestones,youareinaverylight-pollutedplace.”“Priorstudiesofartificiallighting,whichusedsatelliteimagesoftheEarthatnight,hadestimatedtheannualincreaseinskybrightnesstobeabout2%ayear,”saidChristopherKyba,aphysicistattheGermanResearchCentreforGeosciencesinPotsdam.Butthesatellitesusedweren’tabletodetectlightwithwavelengthstowardtheblueendofthespectrum(光谱)—includingthelightfromenergy-efficientLEDbulbs.MorethanhalfofthenewoutdoorlightsinstalledintheUnitedStatesinthepastdecadehavebeenLEDlights,accordingtotheresearchers.Thesatellitesarealsobetteratdetectinglightthatscatters(散射)upward,likeaspotlight,thanlightthatscattershorizontally(水平地).GeorgetownUniversitybiologistEmilyWilliams,whowasnotpartofthestudy,said,“Skyglowdisturbscircadianrhythmsinhumansandotherformsoflife.Migratorysongbirdsnormallyusestarlighttofindoutwheretheyareintheskyatnight.Andwhenseaturtlebabieshatch,theyuselighttoorienttowardtheocean—lightpollutionisahugedealforthem.”5.Whatdidtheresearchers,exampleindicateinparagraph3?A.Therapiddecreaseinstarvisibility. B.Theseverityofoutdoorairpollution.C.Children’sfondnessforaclearnightsky. D.People’sregretforlostchildhoodactivities.6.Whichofthefollowingwasadisadvantageofsatellitesusedinpreviousstudies?A.Itcouldn’tdiscoverthebluecolor. B.Itfailedtodetectthewholespectrum.C.ItwassensitivetolightfromLEDbulbs. D.Itcouldn’tfindhorizontallightresources.7.WhatisEmilyWilliams’attitudetotheeffectsoflightpollution?A.Tolerant. B.Concerned. C.Unclear. D.Doubtful.8.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.StarsAreDisappearingfromtheNightSkyB.TheMeaningBehindaTraditionalBabySongC.LightPollutionHarmsWildlifeandEcosystemsD.SatellitesUsedinMeasuringNightSkyBrightness【答案】5.A6.D7.B8.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了由于人造照明的增加，夜空的亮度每年以大约10%的速度增长，导致星星的可见性迅速减少。研究者通过例子说明了这一变化，并指出人造照明的增加速度比之前通过卫星数据估计的要快。5.推理判断题。根据第三段中“Toillustratethechange,researchersgavethisexample:Achildisbornwhere250starsarevisibleonaclearnight.Bythetimethatchildturns18,only100starsarestillvisible.(为了说明这种变化，研究人员举了一个例子：在晴朗的夜晚，一个孩子出生时可以看到250颗星星。当这个孩子18岁的时候，只有100颗星星是可见的。)”可知，研究者通过一个孩子从出生到18岁时星星可见数量的变化，说明了星星可见性的快速下降。故选A。6.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Butthesatellitesusedweren’tabletodetectlightwithwavelengthstowardtheblueendofthespectrum(光谱)—includingthelightfromenergy-efficientLEDbulbs.(但是使用的卫星无法探测到波长接近光谱蓝色末端的光，包括节能LED灯泡发出的光。)”以及本段中“Thesatellitesarealsobetteratdetectinglightthatscatters(散射)upward,likeaspotlight,thanlightthatscattershorizontally(水平地).(卫星在探测像聚光灯一样向上散射的光方面也比探测水平散射的光要好。)”可知，先前使用的卫星无法检测到波长偏向光谱蓝色端的光，包括节能LED灯泡发出的光，同时先前使用的卫星更擅长检测向上散射的光，而不是水平散射的光即它的缺点是找不到水平的光源。故选D。7.推理判断题。根据最后一段“GeorgetownUniversitybiologistEmilyWilliams,whowasnotpartofthestudy,said,“Skyglowdisturbscircadianrhythmsinhumansandotherformsoflife.Migratorysongbirdsnormallyusestarlighttofindoutwheretheyareintheskyatnight.Andwhenseaturtlebabieshatch,theyuselighttoorienttowardtheocean—lightpollutionisahugedealforthem.”(乔治城大学的生物学家EmilyWilliams没有参与这项研究，她说:“天光扰乱了人类和其他生命形式的昼夜节律。迁徙的鸣禽通常在夜间利用星光来确定它们在天空中的位置。当海龟宝宝孵化时，它们利用光来定位海洋——光污染对它们来说是一个巨大的问题。”)”可知，EmilyWilliams提到了光污染对人类和其他生物生物钟的干扰，以及对迁徙鸟类和海龟幼崽导航能力的影响，显示出她对光污染影响的关心。故选B。8.主旨大意题。根据第二段“Seeingstarskeepsgettingmoredifficultbecauseartificiallightingismakingthenightskyabout10%brightereachyear,accordingtoastudythatanalyzedreportsfrommorethan50,000amateurstargazers.That’samuchfasterrateofchangethanscientistspreviouslyestimatedlookingatsatellitedata.(一项研究分析了来自5万多名业余观星者的报告，发现观测星星越来越困难，因为人工照明使夜空每年变亮10%左右。这比科学家先前通过卫星数据估计的变化速度要快得多。)”以及通读全文，文章主要讨论了由于人造照明的增加，夜空的亮度每年以大约10%的速度增长，导致星星的可见性迅速减少。研究者通过例子说明了这一变化，并指出人造照明的增加速度比之前通过卫星数据估计的要快。A选项“StarsAreDisappearingfromtheNightSky(星星正在从夜空中消失)”概括文章主要内容，符合标题。故选A。（2024·北京昌平·二模）In1992,EdwarddeBonoarguedthat“creativityisthemostimportanthumanresourceofall.”Butmightcomputershavethecapacitytobecreative?Couldartificialintelligenceoutperformusineventhemosthumanofphenomena?ThesequestionshavemovedtotheforefrontofsocietywiththelaunchofChatGPTandDALL-E,twopowerfuldeeplearningmodelscapableofcreatingart.Wherehumancreativitycomesfromisacomplexandheavily-debatedtopic.Onetheorysupposesthatcreativityemergesfromsolvingproblemsinnewways.ThegamedesignerMarkRosewaterexplainsthat“ifyouusethesameneuralpathways,yougettothesameanswers,andwithcreativity,that’snotyourgoal.”ButstudiesfromtheUniversityofVirginiasuggesthumansmostdefault(默认)tosolvingproblemsbybuildingonknownsolutions,restrictingoriginality.Someneuroscientistsproposeanothertheoryregardingcreativity.ResearchfromtheUniversityofCalgaryrevealsthatwhenbeingcreative,humansdon’tusethesamebrainregionsassociatedwiththoughtandproblem-solving,implyingthatcreativityisprimarilyanunconsciousprocess.Accordingtothistheory,thebrainsolvesproblemsbestwhennotdirectlyfocusingonthemusingthefrontallobe(前额叶),insteadlettingtheotherpartsofthebraintakeover.A.I.cannotcurrentlyemulate(仿真)thefullcomplexityofthehumanmind.Dothesedeeplearningnetworksevenhavetherequiredcomponentsthatweusewhenwearecreative?DouglasHofstadterexplainshow“emergentphenomena,”suchascreativity,correspondtoconnectionsbetweenlevelswithinmentalsystems.Similarconnectionscouldexistinartificialneuralnetworks,evenifthemechanicsdiffer.Forexample,modernartificialintelligenceemploysattentioncircuitsthatmaycauseittobehavesimilarlytothefrontallobewheremostofthebrain’sfocusingtendenciescomefrom.Theemergentnatureofcreativityopensthedoorforsimilartendenciesinmachines,buttheyaretunedsocarefullytocopyexistingideasthatitmaynotbeenoughfortrueoriginality.Mr.Rosewater’stheoryoncreativitysuggeststhatforA.I.tobecreative,itshouldbeabletosolveproblemsinnewways,whichisdifficultbecauseA.I.isbasedsoheavilyonalreadyexistingideas.Alternatively,ifcreativityisanunconsciousprocessastheUniversityofCalgaryresearchsuggests,thenitoccursmostlyoutsidethefrontallobeandmaynotexistinmachinelearningnetworks.Eitherway,currentA.I.probablylacksthecapacityforgenuinecreativityandoriginality,butitcancombineexistingideasininterestingways.Thequestionofmachinecreativityhasrepercussionsinmanyareas,suchasdevelopingcopyrightlawregardingA.I.works,consideringA.I.submissionsinartcontests,anddeterminingtheuseofChatGPTasatoolforschoolassignments.Creativitymaybe,atleastfornow,auniquehumanquality.Computersarenotyetstartingrevolutionaryartisticmovements,buttheyarealreadycombiningwhatexistsintosomethingnew,challengingustolookdeeperintoourowncreativity.9.Aboutthesourceofhumancreativity,researchfromtheUniversityofCalgarydiscoversthat______.A.humancreativityheavilyreliesontheexistingideasB.dealingwithproblemshelpsdevelophumancreativityC.beingcreativeiscloselyrelatedtocertainbrainregionsD.humancreativityisaprocessthathappensautomatically10.Theauthorwouldprobablyagreethat______.A.effortsshouldbeputintothestudyofhumancreativityB.creativitycanbeattainedconsciouslyonmostoccasionsC.A.I.createsbetterthanhumansinsomeareasatpresentD.humansneedmachinestobemorecreativeinvariousareas11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“repercussions”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Influences. B.Objections. C.Doubts. D.Causes.12.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ComputingCreativity:Isitagoodthing?B.ComputingCreativity:Canitbepossible?C.HumanCreativity:Whydoeshumandevelopit?D.HumanCreativity:HowcanA.I.helphumancreate?【答案】9.D10.A11.A12.B【导语】本文一篇说明文。文章讨论了人工智能是否具备创造力，与人类创造力的对比，探讨了创造力的起源及其与问题解决的关系，认为虽然人工智能能够结合现有的想法创造新的作品，但其缺乏真正的创造力和原创性。9.细节理解题。根据第二段中“ResearchfromtheUniversityofCalgaryrevealsthatwhenbeingcreative,humansdon’tusethesamebrainregionsassociatedwiththoughtandproblem-solving,implyingthatcreativityisprimarilyanunconsciousprocess.(卡尔加里大学(UniversityofCalgary)的研究表明，当人们富有创造力时，大脑中负责思考和解决问题的区域并不相同，这意味着创造力主要是一个无意识的过程)”可知，卡尔加里大学的研究发现创造力是一个无意识的过程，是一个自动发生的过程。故选D项。10.推理判断题。根据第二段“Wherehumancreativitycomesfromisacomplexandheavily-debatedtopic.Onetheorysupposesthatcreativityemergesfromsolvingproblemsinnewways.ThegamedesignerMarkRosewaterexplainsthat“ifyouusethesameneuralpathways,yougettothesameanswers,andwithcreativity,that’snotyourgoal.”ButstudiesfromtheUniversityofVirginiasuggesthumansmostdefault(默认)tosolvingproblemsbybuildingonknownsolutions,restrictingoriginality.Someneuroscientistsproposeanothertheoryregardingcreativity.ResearchfromtheUniversityofCalgaryrevealsthatwhenbeingcreative,humansdon’tusethesamebrainregionsassociatedwiththoughtandproblem-solving,implyingthatcreativityisprimarilyanunconsciousprocess.Accordingtothistheory,thebrainsolvesproblemsbestwhennotdirectlyfocusingonthemusingthefrontallobe(前额叶),insteadlettingtheotherpartsofthebraintakeover.(人类创造力的来源是一个复杂且备受争议的话题。有一种理论认为，创造力来自以新方式解决问题。游戏设计师马克·罗斯沃特解释说，“如果你使用相同的神经路径，你会得到相同的答案，而创造力不是这样。”但弗吉尼亚大学的研究表明，人类通常默认通过构建已知的解决方案来解决问题，从而限制了原创性。一些神经科学家提出了关于创造力的另一种理论。卡尔加里大学的研究表明，在进行创造性活动时，人类并不使用与思考和解决问题相关的同样脑区，这暗示着创造力主要是一种无意识的过程。根据这一理论，大脑在不直接使用前额叶集中注意力时最能解决问题，而是让大脑的其他部分接管)”可知，人类创造力的来源是一个复杂且备受争议的话题，现存许多不同的研究理论，由此推知，作者可能会赞成我们应该努力研究人类的创造力这一观点。故选A项。11.词句猜测题。结合选项和划线词后“inmanyareas,suchasdevelopingcopyrightlawregardingA.I.works,consideringA.I.submissionsinartcontests,anddeterminingtheuseofChatGPTasatoolforschoolassignments(在许多领域，例如制定有关人工智能作品的版权法，考虑艺术比赛中的人工智能在提交的作品，以及确定将ChatGPT用作完成学校作业的工具)”可推知，人工智能创造力的问题会对下文列举的这些领域产生影响，故划线词repercussions与influences同义。故选A项。12.主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Butmightcomputershavethecapacitytobecreative?Couldartificialintelligenceoutperformusineventhemosthumanofphenomena?ThesequestionshavemovedtotheforefrontofsocietywiththelaunchofChatGPTandDALL-E,twopowerfuldeeplearningmodelscapableofcreatingart.(但是，计算机有创造力吗？人工智能能在最人性化的现象上超越我们吗？随着ChatGPT和DALL-E这两个能够创造艺术的强大深度学习模型的推出，这些问题已经走到了社会的前沿)”和最后一段中“Computersarenotyetstartingrevolutionaryartisticmovements,buttheyarealreadycombiningwhatexistsintosomethingnew,challengingustolookdeeperintoourowncreativity.(计算机还没有开始革命性的艺术运动，但它们已经将现有的东西结合成新的东西，挑战我们更深入地审视自己的创造力)”可知，文章讨论了探讨了人工智能是否可以模仿人类的创造力以及这一过程中涉及的复杂性。故“ComputingCreativity:Canitbepossible?(计算机创造力：可能吗？)”是最佳标题。故选B项。细节理解题1+3篇【名师点津】“细节理解题”的最优处理方法：第一、快速通读全文，把握大意。细节理解题分直接细节理解题、间接细节理解题和综合细节理解题。第二、结合题干锁定原文答题区间，圈划关键词句，留意正确选项与原文之间是同义转换或高度概括。第三、比对选项内容，采用“排除法”，防止偷换概念、以偏概全、过于绝对化等确定最佳答案。【高考真题】(2024新课标II卷第25-27题)Doyouevergettothetrainstationandrealizeyouforgottobringsomethingtoread?Yes,weallhaveourphones,butmanyofusstillliketogooldschoolandreadsomethingprinted.Well,there’sakiosk(小亭)forthat.IntheSanFranciscoBayArea,atleast.“Youenterthefaregates(检票口)andyou’llseeakioskthatislitupandittellsyoucangetaone-minute,athree-minute,orafive-minutestory,”saysAliciaTrost,thechiefcommunicationsofficerfortheSanFranciscoBayAreaRapidTransit—knownasBART.“Youchoosewhichlengthyouwantanditgivesyouareceipt-likeshortstory.”It’sthatsimple.Ridershaveprintednearly20,000shortstoriesandpoemssincetheprogramwaslaunchedlastMarch.Someareclassicshortstories,andsomeareneworiginalworks.Trostalsowantstointroducelocalwriterstolocalriders.“WewantedtodosomethingwherewedoacalltoartistsintheBayAreatosubmitstoriesforacontest,”Trostsays.“Andasofrightnow,we’vereceivedabout120submissions.Thewinningstorieswouldgointoourkioskandthenyouwouldbeapublishedartist.”Ridershipontransit(交通)systemsacrossthecountryhasbeendownthepasthalfcentury,socouldshortstoriessavetransit?Trostthinksso.“Attheendofthedayalltransitagenciesrightnowaredoingeverythingtheycantoimprovetheriderexperience.SoIabsolutelythinkwewillgetmoreridersjustbecauseofshortstories,”shesays.Andyou’llneverbewithoutsomethingtoread.24.WhydidBARTstartthekioskprogram?A.Topromotethelocalculture. B.Todiscouragephoneuse.C.Tomeetpassengers’needs. D.Toreduceitsrunningcosts.25.Howarethestoriescategorizedinthekiosk?A.Bypopularity. B.Bylength.C.Bytheme. D.Bylanguage.26.WhathasTrostbeendoingrecently?A.Organizingastorycontest. B.Doingasurveyofcustomers.C.Choosingaprintpublisher. D.Conductinginterviewswithartists.27.WhatisTrost’sopinionaboutBART’sfuture?A.Itwillclosedown. B.Itsprofitswilldecline.C.Itwillexpandnationwide. D.Itsridershipwillincrease.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了旧金山湾区捷运系统(BART)推出自动售货亭提供短篇故事打印服务，旨在满足乘客阅读需求，提升出行体验，Trost认为此举措能吸引更多乘客，对BART未来持乐观态度，预期乘客量将会增长。24.推理判断题。根据第三段““Youenterthefaregates(检票口)andyou’llseeakioskthatislitupandittellsyoucangetaone-minute,athree-minute,orafive-minutestory,”saysAliciaTrost,thechiefcommunicationsofficerfortheSanFranciscoBayAreaRapidTransit-knownasBART.“Youchoosewhichlengthyouwantanditgivesyouareceipt-likeshortstory.”(旧金山湾区捷运系统（BART）首席通讯官AliciaTrost表示：“你进入检票口，会看到一个亮着灯的信息亭，它告诉你可以得到一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的报道。你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事。”)”可知，BART启动信息亭是为了满足乘客在乘车过程中的阅读需求，为他们提供不同长度的短篇故事或诗歌来打发时间。故选C项。25.细节理解题。根据第三段“Youchoosewhichlengthyouwantanditgivesyouareceipt-likeshortstory.(你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事)”可知，信息亭中的故事按长度分类，乘客可以根据自己的需求选择不同长度的故事。故选B项。26.细节理解题。根据第五段“WewantedtodosomethingwherewedoacalltoartistsintheBayAreatosubmitstoriesforacontest,(我们想做一些事情，呼吁湾区的艺术家为比赛提交故事)”以及第六段“Thewinningstorieswouldgointoourkioskandthenyouwouldbeapublishedartist.(获奖故事会进入我们的信息亭，然后你就会成为一名出版艺术家)”可知，Trost最近在组织一个故事竞赛，向湾区的艺术家征集故事，获胜作品将被放入售货亭供乘客阅读。故选A项。27.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Attheendofthedayalltransitagenciesrightnowaredoingeverythingtheycantoimprovetheriderexperience.SoIabsolutelythinkwewillgetmoreridersjustbecauseofshortstories,”shesays.(她说：“归根结底，所有的交通机构现在都在尽一切努力改善乘客体验。所以我绝对认为，我们会因为短篇小说而吸引更多的乘客。”)”可知，Trost认为通过提升乘客体验，包括提供短篇故事阅读服务，BART可以吸引更多的乘客，乘客量将会增加。故选D项。【名校模拟】（24-25高三上·广西柳州·开学考试）FrankHerbert’ssciencefictionDunewasthefirstcoming-of-agestorythathelpedmesurvivemelonelyjuniorhighschool.Atage12,mylifewastheliny,boringcycleofhome,schoolandmyparentsstore.DunebrokeitallopenandledmetoauniversethatmademylittleworldalotmorebearableunlikeHoldenCaulfieldwhokeptbreakingwindowsinTheCatcherintheRvehyJ.D.Sailingèr,Dune’smaincharacter,PaulAtreides,equippedmewithajunior-highsurvivalguide.Paulisnotaclassicunderdog.He’sthesonofaking.He’sbeentrainedsincebirthinwararts,politicsandcriticalsurvivalskillsbyagroupofsmartandexperiencedmenwithimpossible-to-pronouncenames.Butwhenhisworldisturnedupsidedown—whenheleaveshishome,loseshisfatherandentersaphysicallyandpoliticallyhostileenvironment—hedoesn’tcomplainandcry.Headapts.Tothisday,Icanstillrecitehiswordsagainstfear:“Imustnotfear.Fearisthemind-killer.Fearisthelittle-deaththatbringstotaldestruction.Iwillfacemyfear.Iwillpermitittopassovermeandthroughme.Andwhenithasgonepast,Iwillturntheinnereyetoseeitspath.Wherethefearhasgonetherewillbenothing.OnlyIwillremain.”Thesteadydietofliteraryfictionassignedbymyteacherswasescapist(逃避现实的)andtheveryactofreading(whateverthecontent)usuallytookmeoutofagivenmoment,butdidn’tprovidemuchadviceonhowtofacemydailyconflictsandpainfulinsecurity.Dunewasescapist,too.However,itwasexpansiveandliterallyredefinedpossibilityformewhohadbeenstrugglingalongwitheyesontheground,justt