107Module10模块小结（练习）（原卷版）2

Module10Ontheradio模块小结思维导图思维导图知识要点一知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句。要点1avoidavoidv.避免；防止Weshouldavoidmakinganynoiseinthebackground!我们应该避免背景中出现任何杂音！Weshouldavoidtherushhour.我们应该避开交通高峰期。avoid的常见用法如下：(1)avoiddoingsth.避免做某事(2)avoidsb./sth.躲避某人/某物【拓展】类似的后接动名词的常见搭配：enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事finishdoingsth.做完某事practisedoingsth.练习做某事minddoingsth.介意做某事missdoingsth.错过做某事【口诀】巧记后接v.­ing形式的动词口诀：喜欢(enjoy)按照建议(suggest)一直(keep)练习(practise)，直到完成(finish)，避免(avoid)错过(miss)任何内容引起老师介意(mind)。【典例分析】1.你应当避免犯相同的错误。Youshould_________________thesamemistakes.2.—HaveyouknownwhyTomwasabsentyesterday?—No.Heavoided________myquestion.A.answer B.toanswer C.answered D.answering3.Youmustbemorecarefuland______thesamemistakeyou’veevermade.A.plan B.follow C.avoid D.enjoy4.Whenwearereadinginthelibrary,weshouldmakinganynoise.

A.enjoy B.practise C.prefer D.avoid要点2nationalnationaladj.国家的；国内的national由“词根nation＋后缀­al”构成。常见搭配：NationalDay国庆节；nationalhero民族英雄；nationalflag国旗。【拓展】(1)national加前缀inter­构成international，表示“国际的；世界的”。Linglinghaseverstudiedinaninternationallanguageschool.玲玲曾经在一所国际语言学校学习。(2)national的名词形式为nation，意为“国家”。【辨析】nation与countrynation国家强调“国民”或政治意义的“国家”。country国家侧重指“疆土，国土”这种地理概念。【典例分析】1．林则徐和詹天佑是我们的民族英雄。LinZexuandZhanTianyouareour________________2.Everycountryhasitsown______heroapersonwhodidsomethingveryimportantforthecountryanditspeople.

A.private B.nationalC.personal D.necessary要点3erview作名词时,为可数名词,意为“采访;访谈”;doaninterviewwithsb.意为“采访某人”。2.interview作动词时,常见搭配是interviewsb.(forsth.),意为“(因某事)对某人进行面试”。interviewsb.aboutsth.意为“就某事采访某人”。例如:Thejournalistinterviewedthemayoraboutthepollution.记者就污染问题采访了市长。【典例分析】1．他们正在采访著名歌手张磊。Theyare________________________________ZhangLei,afamoussinger.2.你对多少位申请这个职位的人进行了面试？Howmanyapplicantsdidyou_______________________thisjob?3.ThereporterfromCCTVwillthefamousscientisttomorrow.A.show B.interviewC.treat D.mention4.MyuncleworksataTVstation.Heoften______withfamouspeople.A.takesmessagesB.doesinterviewsC.makesachoiceD.hasajourney要点4seemseem常作系动词,意为“看来;似乎”,其常见结构如下:1.seem+形容词/名词,意为“似乎……”。例如:Sheseemsquitehappytoday.今天她似乎很高兴。Sheseemsaclevergirl.看来她是一个聪明的女孩。2.seem+todosth.,意为“好像要做某事”。例如:Somethingseemedtobewrongwiththetrain.火车好像出故障了。3.Itseems/seemed+that从句,意为“看起来似乎……”。4.seemlike...意为“似乎是……;看起来像……”。例如:Itseemslikeaninterestingfilm.它看起来像是一部有趣的电影。【典例分析】1.它看起来像是一部有趣的电影。It_____________________aninterestingfilm.2.他似乎已经找到他的钱包了。_________________________hehasfoundhiswallet.3.sheseemsunhappy.(改为同义句)=She________________________unhappy.=____________________sheisunhappy4.It__________thatJoanhadnochancetobeateacheratthatmoment.A.tasted B.lookedC.seemed D.smelt5.—Therearedarkclouds,andthewindisblowingstrongly.—It______thatatyphoonising.

A.feels

B.sounds

C.seems

D.looks要点5purposepurpose作名词，意为“目的；意图”，后可接介词in，也可跟介词of。当purpose前是物主代词时，后用介词in；当purpose前是定冠词the时，后面用介词of。purpose后不跟介词for。例如：Youknowmypurposeinwritingthisbook.你知道我写这本书的目的。Thisisthemainpurposeofmyinghere.这是我来这的主要目的。What’sthepurposeofourbeingalive?我们活着是为了什么【拓展】purpose搭配withthepurposeof目的是；为了onpurpose故意地【典例分析】1.这项活动的目的是筹款。________________________thisactivityistoraisemoney.2.我认为她是故意那么做的。Ithinkshedidit________________．3.The________ofProjectHopeistohelppeoplewhohavedifficulties.A.studio B.purpose C.helpline D.help4.The__________oftheactivityistocheckthestudents'Englishlevel.

A.rule B.result C.purpose D.way要点6voicevoice作名词，意为“声音;嗓音”。用于人时，指说话、歌唱或发笑的声音，也可指发言权。用于其它方面时，常含悦耳之声，如鸟鸣声，乐器声音等。Pleasespeakinaloudervoice.请大声说。

HetalkedofhistriptoHongKonginacheerfulvoice.他兴高采烈地谈了他的香港之行。Shehasasweetvoice.她声音很甜美。【拓展】（1）noise可以作可数名词，也可以用作不可数名词，表示“人们不愿听到的声音或嘈杂声”。Iheardsomestrangenoiseslastnight.昨夜我听见一些奇怪的响声。There’salotofnoisehere.这个地方人声嘈杂。（2）sound泛指自然界的任何声音，不论其高低、是否悦耳等。Iheardthesoundofrunningwater.我听见流水声。Lighttravelsfasterthansound.光比声音传播得快。词条意义及用法例句voice意为“声音；嗓音”，指说话声、歌声、笑声等。Shehasagoodsingingvoice.她有一副好的歌喉。noise意为“噪声”，指不悦耳、不和谐的声音。Thenoisekeptmeawake.噪声使我无法入睡。sound意为“声音”，泛指一切声音。Soundgoesmoreslowlythanlight.声音传播得比光慢。【典例分析】1.Themusicmademethinkofthe________ofarunningstream.A．shout B．noise C．voice D．sound2.Don’tmakesomuch_______.Mybabyissleeping.

A.voice B.sound C.noise D.choice3.ThereissomuchthatIcan'tstandit.A.sound B.noise C.voice D.noises4.–Howwellshesings!Yes,shehasaverybeautiful______.A.voice B.sound C.noise D.laughter5.用noisesound和voice填空。1.Don’tmakeany_________!2.Atmidnightheheardastrange__________3.Thegirlhasabeautiful__________.4.Theyaretalkinginlow___________5.Iheardthe__________ofrunningwater要点7as的用法（1）作为介词，意为“作为；当”。Asstudents,weshouldstudyhard.作为学生，我们应该好好学习。（2）作为连词，意为“当……时；随着；因为；由于等”。Astimegoesby,Irealizetheimportanceofstudy.随着时间的推移，我意识到学习的重要性。Ashewalkedclosertothehouse,heheardsomethingsuddenly.当他走近房子时，突然他听到了什么。（3）作为副词，意为“(比较级时用)像……一样，如同”。Thegirlcansingaswellasherteacher.女孩儿歌曲唱得像她老师一样好。[延伸】as还有如下词性和含义：prep.作为；当作Sheworksasaninterpreterinthatpany.她在那家公司里担任口译员。conj.如同；按照DoasIdo.像我这样做。conj.因为；由于Asitwasraining,Istayedathome.由于下雨，我便待在家里。但属下列情形时，只用as,而不用when或while。A）用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行，指”一边……，一边……B） 表示两个同步发展的动作或行为，译为“随着”C） 表示两个短促行为或事件几乎同时发生。as=since,作”既然”、”由于”解，引导原因状语从句，常用来表示己为人们所知或显而易见的原因或理由as...as和某物/某人一样……Ihaven’treadanythingasgoodasthatforalongtime!我好长时间没有读过那么好的东西了!Theyoungmanisasstrongasahorse.那个年轻人健如骏马。注意：as...as意为“和某物/某人一样……”,表示同级比较。其基本结构:as+形容词或副词的原级+as。【归纳拓展】as...as结构用法小结as...as的否定结构为:notas/so...as意为“不如某物/某人……”。例如:Jackdoesn’trunas/sofastasNick.杰克没有尼克跑得快。as...as还可用在某些固定结构中:as...aspossible/sb.can 尽可能……aslongas 只要asfaras 至于……;就……来说assoonas 一……就【典例分析】1.—IwonderwhetherBrazilwillwinthematchlatertonight.—Gotobedfirst.Iwillwakeyouupassoonasthematch______.A.starts B.startedC.willstart D.isstarting2.Assoonastherain______,theywillgoouttopickapples.A.stops B.stoppedC.willstop D.isstopping3.I’llgotovisitmyauntinEngland_______thesummerholidaystarts.A.whileB.sinceC.untilD.assoonas4.只要努力了，你就会成功！________________________youworkhard,youwillsucceed!5.他一看到我，就向我问好。_________________________hesawme,hesaidhellotome.6.为了学习好英语，你要尽可能多的记单词。InordertostudyEnglishwell,youshouldrememberEnglishwords_________________________________.7.她英语说得和你一样好。ShespeaksEnglish_________________________.8.指出下面as所表达的意义。1）Thegirldancesasshesingsonthestage.2）Astimewenton/by,shebecamemoreandmoreworried.3）Aschildrengetolder,theybeemoreandmoreinterestedinthethingsaroundthem.4）Asayoungman,hewasactiveinsports.5）Asyou'renotfeelingwell,youmaystayathome.要点8It'sreallyniceofyoutoagreetotalktous…你同意跟我们交谈，真是太好了……在“It's＋形容词＋ofsb.＋todosth.”结构中，形容词是描述人物品格的词，如friendly,honest,kind等。在“Itis＋形容词＋forsb.＋todosth.”结构中，形容词是描述事物的词，如：difficult,easy,hard,important,dangerous,(im)possible等。It'sverydangerousforchildrentocrossthebusystreet.对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。【典例分析】1.It'sclever________theboy________sodifficultaquestion.A．for;toanswerB．of;toanswerC．for;answer2.It’sdangerousacloselookatthetigerinthezoo．A．forustakingB．ofustotakeC．ofustakingD．forustotake3.对一个13岁的男孩来说，独自去外国旅游真的是很勇敢。________brave________a13yearoldboy________________aroundtheforeigncountriesalone.4.对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。It’svery_________________________childrentocrossthebusystreet.5.保护环境对我们来说很重要。It's___________________________ustoprotecttheenvironment.6.他们杀死野生动物真残忍。__________________________themtokillthewildanimals.7.能设计这么好的计划，他很聪明。It’s____________________him_________workoutsuchagoodplan.要点9needtodosth和needdoingsth（1）needtodosth意为“需要去做某事”。主语为人，表示主动意义。如：Ineedtohaveagoodrest.我需要好好休息一下。（2）needdoingsth意为“某事需要被做”。主语为物，用主动形式表示被动意义，相当于needtobedone。如：Thebicycleneedsrepairing.这辆自行车需要修理。【注意】need也可用作情态动词，后跟动词原形，need无人称和数的变化。通常只用于否定句或疑问句以及条件句、whether,hardly,nobody等连用。如：Needhegososoon?他这么快就要走吗?Heneedn’tgo.他不必走。Hewonderedwhethertheyneedgothere.他不知道他们是否需要去那里。Nobodyneedbeafraidofcatchingthedisease.谁都不用害怕能得这种病。注意：因need不能用于肯定句，因此肯定回答要用must。如：—NeedIstayhereanylonger?我需要在这呆下去吗？—No,youneedn’t.不需要。—Yes,youmust.是的，需要呆下去。need的用法：实义动词常见搭配：(1)needsb./sth.需要某人/某物(2)needtodosth.需要做某事(3)needdoingsth.需要被做(表示被动)(4)needtobedone需要被做情态动词无时态和人称的变化，后接动词原形。【巧记】当句子的主语是“人”时，need后接todosth.；当句子的主语是“物”时，need后接doingsth.或tobedone。【典例分析】1.Ineed______myhomeworkbeforeIwatchTVeveryday.A.tofinishingB.finishedC.FinishingD.tofinish2.LisaisalittlepooratChinese.Ithinksheneeds_____iteveryday.A.practicetospeakB.topracticespeaking C.practicespeaking3.Don’tthrowawaythewastepaper.Itneedssothatitcanbereused.A.todestroy B.destroying C.tocollect D.collecting4.NeedIyouhandinyourhomework?A.Yes,youneed.B.Yes,youneedn’t.C.Yes,youmust.D.Yes,youneedn’t.5.他今天下午需要去购物。He__________________________________thisafternoon.6.明天我们不用去上学。We_______________________________________gotoschooltomorrow.=We___________gotoschooltomorrow.7.我们要马上完成作业吗？___________we______________ourschoolatonce?=____________we____________________________________ourschoolatonce?8.Aftertheseriousflood,almosttwothirdsofthebuildingsinthisarea_____.A．needrepairing B．needsrepair C．needsrepairing D．needtorepair要点10realize(1)realize作为及物动词，意为“认识到，了解”。Hedidn’trealizehismistakeuntilhismothertoldhim.直到妈妈告诉他，他才认识到自己的错误。Ididn’trealizehowlateitwas.我没有意识到天已经那么晚了。(2)realize还可以表示“实现；完成”的意思。Thegirlfinallyrealizedherdreamofbeinganactress.那个女孩当演员的梦想终于实现了。【拓展】realize与recognize这两个词都有“认识,识别”的意思，但在具体用法上又有所差别。（1）recognize也可以用作及物动词，表示“认出,辨认”的意思。Irecognizedhisvoice.我辨认出了他的声音。Irecognizedherasmyfriend’sdaughter.我认出了她是我朋友的女儿。（2）recognize还可以表示“清楚知道；认定”的意思。IrecognizedhimtobeclevererthanIam.我认识到他比我聪明。要点11againstagainst是介词，其用法如下：(1)反对，违反。对应的反义词为for，常用于beagainstsb./sth.反对某人/某事。例如：Aremostpeopleagainsthavingaparttimejob?大多数人反对做兼职工作吗？(2)和……交战（指竞争、比赛等）。例如：We’llhaveabasketballmatchagainsttheteamfromNo.2MiddleSchoolnextweek.下星期我们将与二中的球队举行一场篮球赛。(3)碰、装、擦。例如：Rainbeatsagainstthewindow.雨打在窗户上。(4)倚着、靠着。例如：Therewasaladderproppedup(支撑)againstthewall.一把梯子靠着墙。(5)防备，抗……。例如：Shesavedmoneyagainstoldage.她攒钱防老。(6)逆着……。例如：Wearesailingagainstthewind.我们（的船）正逆风航行。(7)衬托，相映，对照。例如：Redflagsstandoutbrightlyagainstthebluesky.红旗在蓝天的衬托下显得分外鲜艳。【典例分析】1.我们将和来自二班的足球队比赛。Wewill____________________thefootballteamfromClassTwo.2.全世界人民都反对战争。Thepeoplearoundtheworld______________________thewar.3.Weareallagainst_____________________wildanimalsforfood.A.tokill B.killing C.ofkilling D.kill4.—WhichteamwilltheFrenchfootballteamplay______?—TheSouthKoreanteam.A.for B.on C.against D.at5.Wewill__________________theotherstrongteaminthefinalmatch.A.fightagainst B.against C.goagainst D.playagainst6.IgaveupthepianolessonsbecauseIhavesomuchhomeworktodo,butit’s_______myownwishes.要点12showaroundshowaround是动词短语，意为“参观；四处看看”，例如：I’llshowyouaroundsothatyoucanmeeteveryone.

我会带你到各处看看,好让你和大家见见面。【拓展】show的常用短语：(1)showup意为“出席，露面”。例如：Mostofpeopleinviteddidn’tshowup.被邀请的人大部分还未到。Tomysurprise,shefailedtoshowup.令我吃惊的是，她未能出席。(2)showoff意为“炫耀”。例如：Thoseboysalwaysshowofftheirsportsskillstothegirls.

那些男孩们老向女孩卖弄他们的运动技巧。(3)showsb.sth.意为“把某物展示给某人看”。例如：Myfriendshowedmeapicturebook.我的朋友出示我一本漂亮的图册。(4)onshow意为“陈列，展出”。例如：ThephotographsareonshowatthemuseumuntilOctober.照片在博物馆展出到十月。【典例分析】1.用showup、showaroundshowoffonshow填空1）I’ll_______you________sothatyoucanmeeteveryone.2）Mostofpeopleinviteddidn’t___________________.3）Thoseboysalways__________________theirsportsskillstothegirls.4）Thephotographsare_________________atthemuseumuntilOctober.2.Pleaseshowmeyournewsweater.（同义改写）=Please___________yournewsweater____________________.3.你让我看一下你的新表好吗?（翻译）4.我等了他很长时间，但是他还没有出现。（翻译）5.他昨天带我参观了他们的学校。（翻译）6.很多花在展出，我们去看一看吧！（翻译）7.—WangLin,thankyouformearoundtheBird'sNest.

—You’rewele.A.getting B.lookingC.showing D.bringing要点13mean（1）mean作及物动词，表示“打算，意味着”，后接名词，动词不定式短语或从句。例如：Theredlightmeans“Stop”.红灯表示停止。Imeantogoshopping.我的意思是去购物。Thesignmeansthattheroadisblocked.这个标志表示此路不通。（2）mean的名词形式是“meaning”，表示“意思、涵义”。例如：What’sthemeaningoftheword？这个单词的是什么意思？（3）Whatdo/didyoumeanby...?该句型的意思是“你……是什么意思?”例如：Whatdoyoumeanbyactinglikethis?你这样做是什么意思?要点14surprised与surprising用法：surprised惊奇的，吃惊的；表示“感到某种情绪”，其主语指人。surprising惊奇的，吃惊的；表示“存在的状态”，其主语指物。【考点】surprised作形容词，意为“令人惊讶的”，常修饰人。(1)besurprisedatsth.对某事感到吃惊(2)besurprisedtodosth.对做某事感到吃惊(3)besurprised＋that从句对……感到吃惊【重点】toone'ssurprise使人惊奇的是【典例分析】1.令我惊讶的是，他的汉语说得非常好。To__________________,hespeaksChineseverywell.2.他惊奇地对我说：“你不会滑冰?”Hesaidtome_________________,“Can’tyouskate?”3.在这里见到你我很吃惊。I’m____________________________youhere.4.对这个令人吃惊的消息我们感到诧异。We’re____________________the____________news.5.他的到来令人吃惊。Hisingis__________.要点151.____________________带某人参观 2.____________________(广播或电视)播出3.____________________ 采访某人 4.___________________ 接受某人采访5.___________________ 保持安静6.____________________ 赢得比赛7.____________________ 打开8.____________________ 有可能做某事9.____________________ 离……近10.___________________ 似乎要做某事11.___________________ 故意，有意地12.___________________ 为了……13.___________________ 低头看某人14.___________________ 做声音测试15.___________________ 亲自16.___________________ 向窗外看17.___________________ 了解18.___________________ 对……满意19.___________________ 关上；关闭20.___________________ 获得一等奖21.___________________ 也；并且22.___________________ 上大学23.___________________ 坚持一直做某事知识要点二：语法知识要点二：语法在前两个模块中，我们学习了宾语从句的引导词和语序问题，本模块我们学习宾语从句的时态及否定转移问题。一、宾语从句的时态1．当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态应根据实际情况而定。例如：Shesays(that)sheworksfromMondaytoFriday.她说她从周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)Shesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.她说她将在他的书桌上留一张便条。(从句是一般将来时)Shesays(that)shehasneverbeentoMountTai.她说她从来没有去过泰山。(从句是现在完成时)2．当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，其宾语从句的时态一般使用相应的过去时态。例如：Hesaidtherewerenoclassesyesterdayafternoon.他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)Hesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthebaby.他说他会去照看那个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)Hesaid(that)theywerehavingameetingatthattime.他说那时他们正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)注意：当宾语从句表示客观真理、自然现象、科学原理时，其时态不受主句谓语动词的限制，仍用一般现在时。例如：Theteachertoldus(that)nothingisdifficultifweputourheartsintoit.老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。Hesaidthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.他说光比声音传播得快。二、宾语从句的否定转移当主句的主语是第一人称I/we，谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等时，如果其后的that宾语从句表示否定意义，not应否定主句谓语。例如：Idon'tthinkheisright.我认为他是不对的。Idon'tbelievehewille.我认为他不会来。Hesaidthathewasbornin1998.他说他出生于1998年【典例分析】一、单项选择1.—Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmetheScienceMuseum?

—Sure.Goalongthestreetandturnleft.It’snexttoBankofChina.A.whenIcangetto B.whencanIgettoC.howIcangetto D.howcanIgetto2.—WhatdidTomsaytoyoujustnow,John?—Heasked.

A.whyIamsohappytoday B.whatwillIdofortheweekendC.whodidIplayfootballwithafterschool D.ifIcouldgotothemovieswithhimtonight3—Canyoutellme?

—HelivesinShanghai.A.whereMarklives B.wheredoesMarkliveC.whereMarklived D.wheredidMarklive4.—Doyouknow?

—Letmesee.IrememberitwasonMarch18th.A.whydidtheymovehere B.whytheymovedhereC.whendidtheymovehere D.whentheymovedhere5.—Areyougoingcampingthisafternoon?—Atyphoonising.I’mnotsure__________theroadtothemountainswillbeclosed.

which B.what C.whether D.why6.FranklintoldthemalltobeinBritainagain.

A.howhappywashe B.howhappyhewasC.howwashehappy D.howhehappywas7.—Mum,canyoutellme?Idreamedofhimlastnight.

—Nextweek.A.whenmydadesback B.wheremydadgoesC.whenmydadwilleback D.wheremydadwillgo8.Hesaidthatlight________muchfasterthansound.A.travelsB.travelledC.travellingD.willtravel9.—Idon’tknow______Mr.Greenwilletoseeus.—HewillenextMonday.A.whereB.whyC.howD.when10.Inthebookshop,agirlaskedtheshopkeeper________thebookwas.A.