老师高三语法资料

(一)比较级、最高级及形容词、副词的基本表示方法考点归纳1.表示倍数的常用结构:(原级比较、平衡结构)⑪A+v.(be)+倍数/分数+as+adj.+as+BThisbookistwiceasthickasthatone.⑫A+v.(be)+倍数/分数+theprice/size/weight/age/amount/length…+of+BMyroomisfivetimesthesizeofyours.⑬A+v.(be)+倍数/分数+a./adv.比较级+than+BThisroomisfourtimeslargerthanthatone.⑭A+v.(be)+倍数+that/thoseof+B(=asmuchas…)Hisweightisthreetimesthatofmine.*⑮基数词+-foldFrom1980to1990,Danube(多瑙河)shippingincreasedmorethansixfold.2.比较级(及其他)表示最高级的常用结构:⑪A+v.(be)+比较级+than+anyother+n.(single)Russiaisbiggerthananyothercountryintheworld.⑫A+v.(be)+比较级+than+anyone/anything,etc.+elseJimmyistallerthananyoneelseinhisclass.theothers⑬A+v.(be)+比较级+than+anyof+theother+n.(plural)Jimmyistallerthananyoftheotherstudents/theothersinhisclass.⑭besecondtononee.g.Thisbuildingissecondtononeinheightinthiscity.3.比较级、最高级修饰语:比较级前可加诸如even,far,much,still,alot等的程度副词；当比较对象属于同一范围时应使用other/else将本身排除在范围外4.合成词作定语的表达方式:a5-year-oldboy/afour-leggedpet；注意beof(great)help=helpful5.n.+-lyadj.adj.+-lyadv.e.g.friendly,carefully某些副词有两种形式，一是与形容词同形，二是由该形容词加-ly构成，注意区分异同:deep,deeplyhigh,highlyclose,closelydead,deadly,dyingwell,goodbad,badlyfarther,furtherlive,alive,livelylate,later,latest,latter,latelyclear,clearlyeasy,easily,etc.6.-ed与-ing型形容词的区别:前者用于描述人的感受，后者用于修饰引发该感受的人事7.toomuch修饰不可数名词或动词；muchtoo修饰形容词或副词原级8.多个形容词修饰一个名词时，根据形容词与所修饰名词的关系密切程度来排序，从左至右，依次为①冠词、指示代词、不定代词、物主代词；②序数词、基数词；③性质、特征；④尺寸；⑤大小、长短、形状；⑥年龄、新旧；⑦颜色；⑧国籍、出处；⑨材料；⑩用途、类别也可表达为(选自《新编英语语法教程》)限定词→表示说话人评价的形容词→表示大小、形状、新旧的形容词→表示颜色的形容词→表示国别、来源、材料的形容词→表示用途或目的的形容词或分词、名词等类别词→名词9.古英语遗留下来的几个-ed分词用法问题:如drunk作补语，drunken作名词修饰语；类似地还有lighted(名词修饰语)与lit(补语)10.一般情况下形容词放在名词前，但在以下情况下形容词需要后置:①与something,anything,nobody等不定代词连用；②表语形容词(alike等)需后置；③形容词短语一般后置；④特殊情况，如以-ible结尾的形容词与only连用时常后置；⑤当修饰语本身带有不定式、介词词组等补足成分时通常后置，如Studentsbraveenoughtotakethecoursedeservetosucceed.11.☆so,such的固定结构类似于how,what感叹句结构(参见感叹句，具体用法见结果状语从句)12.常见形容词、副词后缀13.补语形容词包括表示健康状况的词(如well,ill)以及以前缀a-开首的词(少部分为副词)；这类形容词一般不能直接作前置修饰语，但一般都存在着一个同义词，如Thesoldierwasalone.Hewasalone/solitarysoldier.此外，a-开首的补语形容词带修饰语时一般可作前置修饰语，如areallyalivestudent14.形容词+that分句中，that在口语中常可省略；能做类似用法的形容词有sure,certain,glad,amazed,surprised,confident,proud,disappointed,pleased,shocked等；该句型有时可与形容词+介词词组、形容词+不定式换用，如I‘msurethatyouwillgetsuccess.=Youaresureofsuccess.=Youaresuretogetsuccess.15.cf.nomorethan(only),notmorethan(atmost),nomore…than(与…都不一样),noless…than,nootherthan,nobetterthan(asbadas),nolessthan(asmuchas),notlessthan(atleast),cannot/cannever…too(再…也不为过)16.含as的结构⑪(not)as/thesame…as…两者(不)一样Youareassweetassugar!⑫…notsomuchAasB…与其说是A不如说是BHeisn‘tsomuchastudentasateacher.⑬AistoBwhat/asCistoDA对于B来说就像C对于D，该结构中what/as可相互替换，但what引导的是比较状语从句，其中表比较，而as表等同，如:2isto8as1isto4.Intellectistothemindwhatsightistothebody.17.含more的结构:⑪themore…,themore…越……越……(themore仅表示比较级，并不意味着需将形容词、副词原有比较级改为themore形式，如thewider不应改为themorewide)⑫moreandmore越……越……，前者为从属分句，后者为主句，并常伴有省略；⑬more…than…与其说是……不如说是……；比……更加Therearemorewondersinthisworldthanaredreamtof.其反义词组为less…than…，如Johnislessdaringthanquick-witted.⑭morethan①表示否定，如ThatismorethanIcantell.②不仅仅……，如MytriptoBeijingismorethansightseeing.(不仅仅是游览观光而已)；nomorethan只有(强调少)；notmorethan不超过(客观描述)18.有些表示“极度”的形容词无比较级和最高级，如perfect,dead,empty,absolute,round等19.以-ior结尾且含比较意义的形容词用to代替than，如superior,inferior,senior,junior,prior等20.某些类似形容词的区分，如economicaleconomic,respectiverespectable,considerateconsiderable,historicalhistoric,satisfiedsatisfyingsatisfactory等考前巩固I.Completethesentencesoncomparatives(比较级)andsuperlatives(最高级).1.Hewastootiredtogo_________(更远).2.Astimewentby,shebecame_________(不那么焦虑了).3.–Howwastheexam?–It_______________(简单的不能再简单了).4.Thisis______________________(我所见过最长的大桥了).5.ToPeter,paintingis______________________(与其说是兴趣，不如说是一种生活式).6.–Whenshallwesetoutfortheouting?–Theytoldustowaitfor_________(进一步的通知).7.AsfarasIremember,Iwasintroducedtohiminthe______________(下半年)of1978.8._________(不到)ahundredstudentstookanactivepartinthecompetition.9.Theirlifemayseemdulltoyou,buttheyare_________(十二分的满足).10.Theyhavetwosons.Brianis_________(更漂亮)ofthetwo.11._________youask,_________Iam.(越……，越没把握)12.Thisisoneof______________________(世界上知名的大学).II.Choosethebestanswer.1.Theworkona_____highwaybridgeoverthestraitwillbestartedinthenextdecade.A.30-mile-lengthB.30-mile-longC.30-miles-longD.30mile-long2.Thereisnoreasonwhytheyshouldlimithowmuchvitaminyoutake,_____theycanlimithowmuchwateryoudrink.A.muchmorethanB.nomorethanC.nolessthanD.anymorethan3.AgreatmanyeducatorsfirmlybelievethatEnglishisoneof_____taughtsubjectsinhighschools.A.thepoorestB.thepoorerC.themostpoorlyD.poorliest4.The_____workersrushedintotheofficeand_____passers-bysoongatheredaroundthebuilding.A.excited…interestedB.excited…interestingC.exciting…interestedD.exciting…interesting5.Rodwassotiredthathefellasleepeventhoughwewereflying_____overtheGrandCanyon.A.lowlyB.highlyC.highD.low6.Somepeoplebelievethatsomenumbersshowthe_____sideofaperson‘spersonality.A.hidingB.hidC.hiddenD.hide7.Shereturnedhome,_____.A.overjoyingB.tooverjoyC.overjoyedD.beingoverjoyed8.Hefeelsthatheisnotyet_____totravelabroad.A.toostrongB.enoughstrongC.sostrongD.strongenough9.Overpopulationposesaterriblethreattothehumanrace.Yetitisprobably_____athreattothehumanracethanenvironmentalproblem.A.nomoreB.notmoreC.evenmoreD.muchmore10.Itwas_____wehadhoped.A.moreasuccessthanB.asuccessmorethanC.asmuchofasuccessasD.asuccessasmuchas11._____totakethisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.A.BraveenoughstudentsB.EnoughbravestudentsC.StudentsbraveenoughD.Studentsenoughbrave12.Youdon‘tthinkwewereall_____careless,_____?A.that…don‘tyouB.that…doyouC.such…don‘tyouD.this…don‘tyou13.Fromhis_____voiceonthephoneIknoweverythingisgoingunderway.A.satisfactoryB.satisfyingC.satisfiedD.satisfaction14.Theboyisstill_____,thoughbadlyhurtinhisbed.A.livingB.aliveC.liveD.lived15.Thebookseemstobe_____adictionary_____agrammar.A.more…thanB.as…thanC.more…asD.like…than16.ToLee,_____ofadvicemaydiscouragehim.A.alisttoolongB.atoolonglistC.toolongalistD.alistoflong17.Thesquareitselfisfivehundredyardswide,fivetimes_____thesizeofSt.Peter‘sinRome.A./B.thatofC.whichisD.of18.Wehavetowait_____threeweekstoknowtheresult.A.othermoreB.afurtherC.afartherD.least19.Whois____studentinyourclass?A.thethirdtallestB.thirdtallC.thethirdtallD.the-third-tallest20.Wedon‘tcareifahuntingdogsmells_____,butwereallydon‘twanthimtosmell_____.A.well…wellB.bad…badC.well…badlyD.badly…bad21.Mydadboughtmea_____yesterday.A.bamboolongfishingpoleB.longbamboofishingpoleC.polelong,bamboo,andfishingD.bamboofishinglongpole22.–Youdon‘tlookvery_____.Areyouill?–No.I‘mjustabittired.A.goodB.wellC.strongD.healthy23.AsIknow,thereis_____carinthisneighborhood.A.nosuchB.noaC.notsuchD.nosucha24.Youcanneverbe_____carefulinthestreet.A.muchB.veryC.soD.too25.Borishasbrains.Infact,Idoubtwhetheranyoneintheclasshas_____IQ.A.ahighB.ahigherC.thehigherD.thehighest26.Thedirectorgavemeabetterofferthan_____.A.thatofDick‘sB.Dick‘sC.hegaveDickD.thoseofDickIII.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1.知识就像一张渔网，渔网越宽越牢，网住的鱼就越多。(themore…themore…)2.我认为你们的建议和他们的一样有价值。(as…as)3.总裁对年轻人不惧怕困难的精神赞许有加。(speak)4.这是迄今为止我所见过的最大的广场。(ever)5.据说，中国人比西方人更早使用纸币。(It)模拟演练1.TheGreatWallis____touristattractionthatmillionsofpeoplepourineveryyear.(09秋)A.soawell-knownB.asowell-knownC.suchwell-knownaD.suchawell-known2.ErnestvisitedtheSouthPolebecausehewantedtoseeoneofthe____regionsintheworld.(10春)A.colderB.coldestC.morecoldlyD.mostcoldly3.Ittookusquitealongtimetogettotheamusementpark.Itwas____journey.(10秋)A.threehourB.athree-hoursC.athree-hourD.threehours4.____youmayhave,youshouldgatheryourcouragetofacethechallenge.(10秋)A.HoweveraseriousproblemB.WhataseriousproblemC.HoweverseriousaproblemD.Whatseriousaproblem5.You‘dbeexposedtoalot____pollutionifyoumovedtoatownwithpurewaterandair.(11春)A.moreB.mostC.lessD.least6.Whenheboughttheproductsinalargequantity,hewasangrytofindtheywere____thesamplesgiventohim.(09市调研)A.asnotwellasB.asnotgoodasC.notsogoodasD.notsowellas7.____,themoreseverethewintersare.(10奉贤-1)A.ThemorenorthyougoB.ThefartheryougothenorthC.ThemoreyougonorthD.Thefarthernorthyougo8.ChongmingIslandis____touristattractionrichinecologicalandculturalandhistoricalresourcesthatwe‘lldefinitelygothereagain.(10闵行-1)A.soagreatB.asogreatC.suchagreatD.suchgreata9.Basedonsomelawyers’ideas,themoreseverethepunishment,____.(10嘉定-1)A.thelesslikelycrimeB.thelesslikelythecrimeC.thecrimelesslikelyD.thelessthelikelycrime10.It‘shightimeyouhadyourhaircut,sinceit‘sgetting____.(10卢湾-1)A.toomuchlongB.muchtoolongC.longtoomuchD.toolongmuch11.Mylittledaughterhaswalkedeightmilestoday.Weneverguessedthatshecouldwalk____far.(10虹口-1)A.thatB.suchC./D.as12.Themanagercalleduponhisemployeestoimprovetheirservice.Asaresult,thesupermarketattracted____customersin2009astheyearbefore.(10金山-1)A.astwicemanyB.asmanytwiceC.twiceasmanyD.twiceasmanyas13.ThepriceoftherealestateinShanghaihasbeenrunningupto____20,000yuanpersquaremeter.(10长宁-1)A.asmanyasB.thesameasC.asmuchasD.ashighas14.Youshouldn‘thaveachild____swimmingaloneinthelake.It‘sverydangerous.(10长宁-1)A.tooyoungtogoB.tooyounggoC.youngenoughtogoD.youngenoughgoing15.Someyounggirlsconstantlyworrythattheyareoverweight,althoughtheyare____.(10黄浦-1)A.perfectlyhealthyB.perfectlyhealthC.perfecthealthyD.perfecthealth16.Peter‘sjacketlookedjustthesameasJack‘s,butitcosttwice____.(10浦东-1)A.asmanyB.asmuchC.somuchD.somany17.–Doyoulikethispartofthetown,theso-calleddesiredarea?–Onthecontrary,it‘sthe____areathatIwanttovisitintown.(10徐汇-1)A.bestB.firstC.lastD.least18.Amidpeople‘sconcernforhealth,thepriceofgarlic(大蒜)hasbeen____thisyearasitwaslastyear.(10闸北-1)A.fivetimesmuchasB.fivetimesasmuchC.asfivetimesD.fivetimesmuch19.InScotlandthelastdayoftheyearisthemostimportantholidayforthewinter,____Christmas.(10青浦-1)A.asimportantasB.lessimportantthanC.muchimportantthanD.moreimportantthan20.Theglobaleconomycannothavebeen____timeinthepastyear,butnowmostcompaniesarebecomingoptimistic.(10宝山-1)A.thebestB.abetterC.theworseD.aworse21.Americaneat____vegetablesperpersontodayastheydidin1920.(10崇明-1)A.morethantwiceB.astwiceasmanyC.twiceasmanyasD.morethantwiceasmany22.Weweretootiredtowalk____farthertowardstheeveningsowehadtofindahoteltostay.(10崇明-1)A.anyB.muchC.evenD.still23.Thepriceoftheflatnowis____thatlastyear.(10卢湾-2)A.astwicehighasB.twicemoreexpensivethanC.ashighastwiceD.twicetheamountof24.Itisanestablishedfactthatfactoryworkersworkbetter,harder,andhave____accidentswhentheirmachinesarepaintedorangeratherthanblackorgrey.(10浦东-2)A.fewerB.fewC.moreD.less25.Comparedwiththenervousnessofdrivingintherainorsnow,itis____tositinatrainwithoutanyworryofbadweather.(10闵行-2)A.moretiredB.lesstiringC.lesstiredD.evenmoretiring26.–Doyoutakeenoughmoneywithyou?–Yes,Ispent____Ihadexpected.(10四区-2)A.notsomanyasB.asmanyasC.muchmorethanD.muchlessthan27.Thesalesmanshowedherseveralringsandshechose____expensiveoneasshedidn‘twanttospendtoomuchmoneyonit.(10徐汇-2)A.thelessB.themoreC.theleastD.themost28.StayinginahotelinShanghaionedaycosts____rentingahouseinmyhometownforaweek.(10虹口-2)A.thethreetimespriceofB.threetimesthepriceofC.asmuchasthreetimesD.asmuchthreetimesas29.Peoplepay____astothecontentofyourspeech.(10松江-2)A.somuchattentiontoyourvoiceB.asmuchattentiontoyourvoiceC.muchattentiontoyourvoiceD.attentiontoyourvoicemuch30.TheWinterOlympicchampionZhouYangwas____thatherremarksafterwinningthegoldmedalcausedcriticismfromsomepeople.(10闸北-2)A.asodirectpersonB.sodirectapersonC.adirectsopersonD.asopersondirect31.Americanseatvegetablesperpersontoday____astheydidin1910.(10黄浦-2类似21)A.morethantwiceB.astwiceasmanyC.twiceasmanyD.asmorethantwice32.Thehighertheoilpriceis,____totheglobaleconomy.(10奉贤-2)A.themoredamagewillitcauseB.themoreitwillcausedamageC.themoredamageitwillcauseD.themorewillitcausedamage33.Everybodysaiditwasanidealmarriage;noonehadeverknown____couple.(09八校)A.thehappierB.ahappierC.ahappiestD.thehappiest34.Theheartis____intelligentthanthestomach,fortheyarebothcontrolledbythebrain.(10十校)A.notlessB.notmoreC.nolessD.nomore35.Theladywassokeenonthefurcoatthatshewouldhaveboughtitevenitcost___.(10六校-1)A.astwicemuchB.muchastwiceC.asmuchtwiceD.twiceasmuch36.Althoughthesmallroomis____thelargeone,itismorebeautifullydecorated.(10八校)A.one-thirdthesizeofB.theone-thirdsizeofC.thesizeofone-thirdD.one-thirdofthesize37.Inancienttimes,peoplerarelytravelledlongdistancesandmostfarmersonlytravelled____thelocalmarket.(10秋)A.longerthanB.morethanC.asmuchasD.asfaras38.AnOlympicgoldmedalcarriesasmuchweightas,or____thananyothergoldmedalatotherinternationalcompetitions.(11奉贤-1)A.nomoreB.otherC.notlessD.evenmore39.Thefurtherweenteredthemountain,____webecame.(11闵行-1)A.morefrightenedB.themuchfrightenedC.muchmorefrightenedD.themorefrightened40.ManypeopleconsiderthatFrenchis____asRussianwhileIthinkthecontrary.(11虹口-1)A.asdifficultalanguageB.asadifficultlanguageC.toodifficultalanguageD.tooadifficultlanguage41.Thetrumpetplayerwascertainlyloud.ButIwasn‘tbotheredbyhisloudness____byhislackoftalent.(11卢湾-1)A.thanB.morethanC.asD.somuchas42.–Areyoupleasedwithwhathehasdone?–Itcouldn‘tbe____.Hemusthaveputalotofeffortintohiswork.(11徐汇-1)A.anyworseB.anybetterC.sobadD.thebest43.Somepeoplewere_____atperformingaparticulartaskthanothers,sotheybegantospecializeinwhattheyweregoodatdoing.(11黄浦-1)A.poorerB.bestC.betterD.good44.Acupuncture(针灸疗法)is____atreducingbackpain____medicines,accordingtoresearchers.(11宝山-1)A.twiceaseffective…asB.astwiceeffective…thanC.effectiveastwice…asD.twiceeffectiveas…than45.Mr.Smithisveryhappybecausetheclothesmadeinhisfactoryhaveneverbeen____.(11浦东-1)A.popularB.morepopularC.mostpopularD.themostpopular46.Chinawon100medalsintheBeijingOlympicGames,whicharealmost____thoseoftheSydneyOlympicGames.(11金山-1)A.twiceasmanyasB.asmanyastwiceC.asmuchastwiceD.twiceasmuchas47.Afterthehugefire,thereare____aboutfirepreventiontotheagencythismonthaslastmonth.(11闸北-1)A.callstwiceasmanyB.twiceasmanycallsC.astwicemanycallsD.callsasmanyastwice48.Iusedtoearn____thanapoundaweekwhenIfirststartedwork.(11青浦-1)A.alittleB.afewC.fewerD.less49.ItisreportedthatAmericanseattoomuchproteineveryday,____astheyactuallyneed.(11崇明-1)A.twiceasmuchB.astwicemuchC.muchastwiceD.asmuchtwice50.____wemayface,we‘resupposedtoworkwithjointeffortstofightagainstit.(11虹口-1)A.HoweveraseveredisasterB.WhataseveredisasterC.HoweversevereadisasterD.Whatsevereadisaster51.Thehouserentisexpensive.I‘vegotabouthalfthespaceIhadathomeandI‘mpaying____here.(10十一校)A.asthreetimesmuchB.asmuchthreetimesC.threetimesasmuchD.muchasthreetime52._____aboutwildplantsthattheydecidedtomakeatriptoMadagascarforfurtherresearch.(10十一校)A.SocuriousthecouplewereB.SuchcuriousthecouplewereC.SocuriouswerethecoupleD.Suchcuriouswerethecouple53.Theauthenticityofdialogueandsettingoftenmakeslow-budgetfilmsseem_____thanthesomewhatartificialversionofrealityinHollywoodmovies.(11六校)A.lessrealB.morerealC.muchrealD.real54.–Didyouenjoythedramalastnight?–Yes.I‘veneverseen_____onebefore.(11十校)A.themoreinspiringB.amoreinspiringC.themostinspiringD.amostinspiring55.–I‘msorryIinsultedyou,Jimmy.–That‘s_____likeit.(11四区-2)A.moreB.mostC.lessD.least56.–HowdidyoufindyourvisittotheChinesePavilionattheExpo?–Ienjoyeditverymuch.Itwas_____interestingthanexpected.(11长宁-2)A.farmoreB.justasC.somuchD.notso57.Ihaven‘t_____ideahowthatterribleaccidentcouldhavehappenedtosuchalittleboy.(11闵行-2)A.littleB.theleastC.lessD.thelittle58.Exercise3is___difficultinthisbook,soallthestudentsfinishitsuccessfully.(11黄浦-2)A.leastB.theleastC.moreD.themost59.Chocolateofvariousshapesandflavorsaregenerallyconsideredtobe___gift.(11普陀-2)A.mostwelcomedB.themostwelcomedC.amostwelcomedD.amostwelcome60.Iwon‘tpay20forthejacket;it‘snotworth_____.(11普陀-2)A.allthatmuchB.thatmuchallC.thatallmuchD.muchallthat61.–DoyouregrethavingpaidsomuchforthetriptoMaldives?–No.Sinceit‘sworthwhile,I‘dgladlypay_____forit.(11虹口-2)A.twiceasmuchB.twicesomuchC.twiceasmanyD.twicesomany62.–Whatdoyouthinkofthefilmwewatchedyesterday?–Terrible!I‘veneverseen_____one.(11徐汇-2)A.thebestB.aworseC.abetterD.theworst63.Inatrainingprogram,theastronautshadtoputupwithpressure_____theforceofgravityandcarryoutbothphysicalandmentaltasksatthesametime.(11闸北-2)A.asthreetimesB.threetimesasC.threetimesD.asthreetimesas64.Themoreexerciseyoutakeinyoursparetime,_____itwilldotoyou.(11崇明-2)A.thebetterB.thebestC.themorewellD.themoregood65.Mr.Blackisveryhappybecausetheclothesmadeinhisfactoryhaveneverbeen_____.(11奉贤-2)A.popularB.morepopularC.mostpopularD.themostpopular66.WhenMomlookedbackontheearlydaysoftheirmarriage,shewonderedhowtheyhadmanagedwith_____money.(11秋)A.sofewB.suchfewC.solittleD.suchlittle(二)介词“介词”章节包含普通介词、v.+介词结构、v.+副词小品词结构等。本章节不过多地对介词、副词进行区分。考点归纳1.表示时间的介词有at,on,in,during,for,since,before,after等；表示地点的介词有in,at,on,over,above,under等；表示方式的介词有by,in,at,with,from等；表示从属关系的介词有of,for,to,about,on等2.某些介词在句中表示特定的含义，常考的有:①表示某人穿着某种衣服、鞋子等，或某人穿着的颜色，常用in②在范围内、外常用到介词within/beyond③用于表示某事发生时某人的感受的常用in，如insurprise,indeepthought3.一些词之间的辨析，如among与between；except/exceptfor/exceptthat/besides，among一般指的是三者或以上的“之中”，between指两者间，如固定词组keepthesecretbetweenyouandme仅你我所知的秘密4.形容词一般要求与一定介词搭配，如berichin，但不少形容词后跟不同的介词表不同含义，如Themanisblindofaneye.(瞎)Jackwasblindtohisownfault.(不察觉)；而另一些形容词后跟不同的介词意义不变，只是其后的搭配不同，如bedisappointedat后的介词补足成分为事，而bedisappointedwith后则通常为人5.某些动词后面的介词根据介词宾语的不同而不同；某些动词搭配不同介词会有不同意思:agree+on/with/…befamousfor/to/…getin/on/off/over/to/…handout/over/…某些形容词后面的介词根据介词宾语的不同而不同；某些形容词搭配不同介词会有不同意思:beangryat/withbegoodto/at/…6.一般情况下，名词后搭配的介词与其对应的同源动词或形容词后搭配的介词相同，但也存在例外，如beinterestedinhaveaninterestinbeconfidentofhaveconfidencein；某些名词之前需要使用介词，如toone‘ssurprise等7.牢记某些词的固定搭配，如befondof,takepridein等，但切勿只根据固定结构而忽略题干8.☆注意to既可作为不定式的标志后接动词原形，也可为介词后接doing，注意分辨以下提供部分含介词to的搭配，其中“to”表示介词to(试卷真题详见不定式章节)addto,attendto(注意，照顾),clingto(坚守),cometo(到达),contributeto(有助于),objectto,getto(开始做某事),reactto(反应),resortto(诉诸),referto(提及),relateto(与……有关系),stickto,taketo(从事),apply…to,attribute…to(归因于),accustom…to,commit…to(使负有责任),devote…to(致力于),owe…to,prefer…to,reduce…to,beusedto(习惯于),getdownto(开始认真做),faceupto,lookforwardto,deafto(不愿听),equalto(相等的),loyalto,similarto,superiorto,sensitiveto,obstacleto,limitto(限速),aidto,objectionto,keyto,answerto,一些复杂介词如accordingto,asto,owingto,priorto,thanksto,inadditionto等9.特殊介词:短语介词(becauseof,insteadof等)、二重介词(frombehind)、分词介词(concerning,given,including等)考前巩固I.Completethepassagebyusingappropriateprepositions(介词)._____plants,peoplecouldnotlive.Weeatplants.Webreathetheoxygenthatplantsproduced.Andweneedplants_____anotherverydifferentreason:weneedthem_____theirbeauty.Imagineaworld_____noplants.Youcannotfindanyplant_____yourreach.Imaginenoflowers_____theirsweetsmells,_____theirbeautifulcolorsandlovelyshapes.Imagine,whenthewindblows,notbeingabletoheartheleaves_____thetreesorwatchthebranchesswing_____side_____side.Imaginenotbeingabletoseethebuds(花蕾)_____thetreesopenandturn_____colourfulblossoms.Therearealargevarietyofplants_____theworld,_____whichsunflowerismyfavourite.Shealwaysfaces_____thesun,whichfilledpeople_____hope.Differentpeoplehavedifferentattitudes_____plants.Mostpeopleregardthem_____theirfriendsorsomething.II.Putinprepositionswherenecessary.Notea“/”meansthatnothingisneeded.1.Onmyway_____home,Imetayoungwoman_____twenty-fiveandaman_____histhirties.2.Theone_____darkglasses_____thephoto,thesecond_____theleft,ismyformerclassmate.3.Switzerlandlies_____France,Germany,AustriaandItaly.4.Thisisjust_____youandme:Hefell_____love_____agirl_____ahottemper.5._____John,hiswifeSuzukiisalsojoiningus.6.Twiceadayshetookherdogforastroll_____theriver.7.Don‘tapproach_____thedog.Won‘tyoubeafraid_____it?8.He‘sterriblytight-fisted.Hesimplehatestopart_____moneyanditturns_____tobetheonlythingheislonging_____.9.Youcannotunderstandituntilyou‘velooked_____thematter.10.TheHuangpuRiverruns_____Shanghaianddividesit_____twoparts.11.YouneedtokeepyourChihuahua_____theroad,oryouwon‘tseeit_____good.12._____thefuneral,peoplewerealldressed_____black.13.NowthatI‘veshownyoutheproof_____thestory,canyougivemethekey_____thedoor?14.Afteraheateddiscussiontheyagreed_____whetheritisrighttodrive_____fullspeed.15.Heattempted_____vaintosetupacompany_____hisown.

16.Manywordsassociated_____lifeintheWestareSpanish_____origin.17.Luckily,thebulletnarrowlymissedthecaptain_____aninch.18.TheInternethasbrought_____bigchanges_____thewaywework.19.DoctorBethuneshowedgreatconcern_____thewoundedsoldiersandfeltsympathy____them.20.I‘msorryit‘s_____mypowertomakeafinaldecision_____theproject.21.Itsuddenlyoccurred_____Annethatmoneycouldn‘tmakeup_____allthatBobhadsuffered.22.Hewillagreetodowhatyourequire_____him.23._____principle,Iagree_____you.Butit‘snotsosimple_____practice.III.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1.他自幼喜欢画画。(fond)2.虽然他的健康每况愈下，但他仍然坚持给贫困学生免费授课。(persevere)3.约翰逊故意讲这些事来惹我生气。(purpose)4.我来不及刹车，一头撞到了前面那辆车上。(run)5.正是在春天人们可以看到许多美丽绽放的花朵。(bloom)IV.Decidewhichoneofthefourchoicesgivenisthemostsuitabletocompletethesentence.abcd1.Fruitisrich_____(with,in,of,for)vitamins.2.Shewasdeaf_____(of,to,at,on)hisrequesttodoherwork.3.Jimwasimpatient_____(of,with,at,on)hisdaughter.4.Ibelievetheyarerelated_____(on,by,with,at)marriage.5.Ournewhouseisveryconvenient_____(for,to,at,in)theofficeasit‘swithinwalkingdistance.6.Johngotajob,sothathecouldbeindependent_____(with,of,from,at)hisparents.7.Thedialectwasonepeculiar_____(to,on,with,at)theNorth.8.ThejurydecidedthatSusanwasguilty_____(on,by,of,with)murder.9.