2025届高考英语二轮复习强化专练考点02阅读理解记叙文含解析

考点02阅读理解记叙文Passage1（2024·河北高三月考）Thecolawarsbecameaculturalphenomenon.CreditforthatgoestoDonaldKendall,PepsiCo'sbrilliantformerboss,whodiedonSeptember19thaged99.Agiftedsalesman,herosequicklythroughtheranksfromhisstartonthebottlinglinetobecomethefirm'stopsalesandmarketingexecutiveattheyoungageof35.SevenyearslaterhewasnamedCEO.In1974heinvestedintheSovietUnion,whichallowedPepsitobecomethefirstWesternproducttobelegallysoldbehindtheironcurtain.Bythetimeheresignedasbossin1986,PepsiCo'ssaleshadshotupnearly40times,to$7.6billion.Hislegacycontinuestoshapetheindustry.Mr.Kendallofferedamixofstrategicvision,principledleadershipandmarketingtalent.TwoyearsaftertakingchargeheacquiredFrito-Lay,aleadingproducerofsnacks,givingPepsiCoanadvantageofdiversitythatcontinuestothisday.PepsiCobroughtin$67billionlastyearinsalescomparedtoCoca-Cola's$37billion.Buthismostfamousmovewastheall-outmarketingblitz(闪电战)againstCoca-Cola,longtheglobalmarketleaderinnon-alcoholicdrinks.Thetwofirmshadcompetedfordecades,buttheymostlyfoughtlow-gradebattles.Mr.Kendallchangedthat,byforcingbothcompaniesintoanadvertisingarmsrace.In1975Coca-Colaspentaround$25milliononadvertisingandPepsiCosome$18million.By1985thosefigureshadshotupto$72millionand$57million,respectively.In1995PepsioutspentCokeby$112millionto$82million.Thiswasariskystrategyforbothcolacompetitorsbutitpaidoffbyhelpingnon-alcoholicdrinkswinagreater"shareofthroat".LastyearCoca-ColaandPepsiCoremainedintheleadingpositionasusual.Also,thecolawarsbenefitedbothcompaniesbyturningtheminto"theworld'sbestmarketers".Todayadecades-longaddictiontocut-pricequantitygrowthhasbeenreplacedbyafocusonincomeandprofits.1．WhatwasDonaldKendall'sfirstpositioninPepsiCo?A．CEO. B．Aworker. C．Asalesman. D．Marketingexecutive.2．WhatcanwelearnaboutColacompaniesfromthepassage?A．PepsiCohasalwaysbeenaheadofCoca-colainsales.B．Coca-Colapreferredlow-gradebattlestomarketingwars.C．Coca-Colaboughtasnackfirmtoenrichitsproductdiversity.D．PepsiCospent$30millionmorethanCoca-colainadvertisingin1995.3．Whydoestheauthorlistthefiguresinthefourthparagraph?A．ToprovethesuccessofbothColacompaniesinadvertisingproducts.B．TosuggestbothColacompaniesspenttoomuchmoneyinadvertising.C．TodescribehowPepsiCogotaheadofCoca-Colainthefiercemarketingwars.D．ToconfirmmarketingwarsbetweentheColacompanieswereawisemove.4．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．DonaldKendallwastoblameforthecolaculturalphenomenon.B．DonaldKendallwasthemostsuccessfulbossinPepsiCohistory.C．DonaldKendallstartedthecolablitzwarsandachievedgreatsuccess.D．DonaldKendall'smarketingstrategiesbenefitedbothColacompanies.【答案】1．B2．D3．C4．C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了百事可乐杰出的前任老板唐纳德•肯德尔利用营销策略，发动可乐大战并取得巨大胜利的故事。1．细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“Agiftedsalesman,herosequicklythroughtheranksfromhisstartonthebottlinglinetobecomethefirm'stopsalesandmarketingexecutiveattheyoungageof35”可知，DonaldKendall作为一名有天赋的推销员，他最一起先在生产线上工作，在35岁的时候快速晋升为公司的销售和营销高管。由此可知，他最一起先是生产线上的一个工人。故选B。2．细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的“In1995PepsioutspentCokeby$112millionto$82million”可知，1995年百事可乐的支出是1.12亿美元，超过可口可乐是8200万美元。由此推知，百事可乐在1995年在广告上的花费比可口可乐多30万美元。outspend意为“开支比……更大，花费超过……”。故选D。3．推理推断题。依据第四段中的“In1975Coca-Colaspentaround$25milliononadvertisingandPepsiCosome$18million.By1985thosefigureshadshotupto$72millionand$57million,respectively.In1995PepsioutspentCokeby$112millionto$82million”可知，1975年，可口可乐在广告上花了大约2500万美元，百事可乐花了大约1800万美元。到1985年，这些数字分别上升到7200万美元和5700万美元。1995年百事可乐的支出超过可口可乐1.12亿美元，达到8200万美元。很明显，列举这些数字就是为了说明两家公司为了获得市场，在广告方面的激烈竞争。结合选项，C选项表达此意。故选C。4．主旨大意题。第一段提到：可乐大战成为了一种文化现象。这要归功于唐纳德·肯德尔。二段主要介绍了DonaldKendall对百事可乐公司的巨大贡献。第三段主要介绍肯德尔收购了零食生产商菲多利，使百事可乐公司占据优势。第四段主要介绍肯德尔的全面的营销策略，这使得百事可乐和可口可乐两家公司进入激烈的广告战。最终一段介绍了肯德尔发起的可乐大战带来的影响。因此整篇文章主要介绍了肯德尔发动可乐大战，并获得巨大胜利的过程。C选项切题。故选C。Passage2（（2024·江苏盐城市·高二期中）Iwaited14yearstodosomethingthatIshouldhavedoneinmyfirstyearofteaching:shadowastudentforaday.ThisisthefirstyearIamworkinginaschoolbutnotteachingmyownclasses.BeingtheHighSchoolLearningCoach,myjobistoworkwithteachersandadministratorstoimprovestudents’learningoutcomes.Aspartofgettingmyfeetwet,theheadmastersuggestedI“be”astudentforaday:Iwastocompletealltheworkofa10th-gradestudent:iftherewerenotesontheboard,IcopiedthemasfastasIcouldintomynotebook;iftherewasanexperiment,Ididitwithmyhoststudent;iftherewasatest,Itookit.Icouldnotbelievehowdog-tiredIwasaftertheday,becauseIliterallysatdownthewholeday,exceptforwalkingtoandfromclasses.Weforgetasteachers,becauseweareonourfeetalot—infrontoftheboard,walkingaswespeak,circlingaroundtheroomtocheckonstudentwork….wemovealot.Butstudentsalmostnevermove,becauseineveryclass,theexpectationwasforustocomein,takeourseats,andsitdownforthewholeclass.Therefore,bytheendofthedayIwaseagertomove.Ihadplannedtogobacktomyofficeandwritedownsomenotesontheday,butIwassoexhaustedthatIcouldn’tdoanythingbutwatchTVandIwasinbedby8:30.IfIcouldgobackandchangemyclassesnow,Iwouldimmediatelychangethefollowingthreethings:1.mandatorystretchhalfwaythroughtheclass;2.putabasketballhooponthebackofmydoorandencouragekidstoplayinthefirstandfinalminutesofclass;3.buildahands-on,move-aroundactivityintoeverysingleclassday.5．Whydidtheheadmastersuggesttheauthordothetask?A．Tohelptheauthorwithhernewjob. B．Toallowtheauthortorealizeherdream.C．Tolettheauthorlearnfromotherteachers. D．Totestwhethertheauthorwasagoodcoach.6．Whatwastheauthorsupposedtodoinclass?A．Instructthestudentshowtotakenotes. B．Findoutwhatsubjectthestudentsliked.C．Dowhatthestudentswererequiredtodo. D．Teachstudentstodochemicalexperiments.7．Howdidtheauthorfeelaftertheday?A．ShelostinterestinTV. B．Shehadpityforstudents.C．Shefeltunsatisfiedwiththeschool. D．Shethoughtteachersmovetoomuch.8．Whatdothethreechangeshaveincommon?A．Theyareafter-classactivities. B．Theyencouragestudentstolovesports.C．Theypreventstudentsfromsittingtoolong. D．Theyaregoodforbothteachersandstudents.【答案】5．A6．C7．B8．C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了作者为了完成新工作，去做学生的一天，一天过后作者感到特别乏累，也意识到学生几乎从来不动，因此变更了自己的课程并制定了三条规则来防止学生坐得太久。5．推理推断题。依据其次段“BeingtheHighSchoolLearningCoach,myjobistoworkwithteachersandadministratorstoimprovestudents’learningoutcomes.(作为一名中学学习教练，我的工作是与老师和管理人员合作，提高学生的学习成果)”以及第三段“Aspartofgettingmyfeetwet,theheadmastersuggestedI“be”astudentforaday:Iwastocompletealltheworkofa10th-gradestudent:iftherewerenotesontheboard,IcopiedthemasfastasIcouldintomynotebook;iftherewasanexperiment,Ididitwithmyhoststudent;iftherewasatest,Itookit.(为了让我尽快适应，校长建议我“当”一天学生。我必需完成十年级学生的全部工作：假如黑板上有笔记，我就以最快的速度抄到笔记本上；假如有试验，我就和我的寄宿生一起做；假如有考试，我就要参与)”可知，校长建议作者做这个任务，是为了帮助作者完成她的新工作。故选A。6．细微环节理解题。依据第三段中“Iwastocompletealltheworkofa10th-gradestudent:iftherewerenotesontheboard,IcopiedthemasfastasIcouldintomynotebook;iftherewasanexperiment,Ididitwithmyhoststudent;iftherewasatest,Itookit.(我必需完成十年级学生的全部工作：假如黑板上有笔记，我就以最快的速度抄到笔记本上；假如有试验，我就和我的寄宿生一起做；假如有考试，我就要参与)”可知，作者在课堂上应当做学生被要求做的事。故选C。7．推理推断题。依据第四段“Icouldnotbelievehowdog-tiredIwasaftertheday,becauseIliterallysatdownthewholeday,exceptforwalkingtoandfromclasses.Weforgetasteachers,becauseweareonourfeetalot—infrontoftheboard,walkingaswespeak,circlingaroundtheroomtocheckonstudentwork….wemovealot.(我简直不敢信任一天之后我是如此乏累，因为我真的坐了一成天，除了走路上下课。作为老师，我们常常会遗忘，因为我们常常站着——在黑板前，一边说话一边走路，在教室里转圈查看学生的作业……我们常常走动)”可推知，一天之后作者感觉怜悯学生。故选B。8．细微环节理解题。依据第五段中“Butstudentsalmostnevermove,becauseineveryclass,theexpectationwasforustocomein,takeourseats,andsitdownforthewholeclass.(但学生们几乎从不动，因为在每节课上，他们期望都是等着我们进来，坐好，然后坐满整个班级)”以及最终三段“1.mandatorystretchhalfwaythroughtheclass;2.putabasketballhooponthebackofmydoorandencouragekidstoplayinthefirstandfinalminutesofclass;3.buildahands-on,move-aroundactivityintoeverysingleclassday.(1.上课中途必需做伸展运动；2.在我的门后挂一个篮球筐，激励孩子们在第一节课和最终一节课上打球；3.在每个上课的日子里都建立一个动手的活动)”可知，这三个变更的共同点是都是为了防止学生坐太久。故选C。Passage3（2024·上海市大同中学高三期中）TherehavebeenmanygreatviolinistsbutnonecouldholdacandletoKuznetsov,amiraculousyoungRussian.Onhisemergencewhilestillinhisteens,hisplayingwasfilledwithtimelesswisdombeyondhisyears;henowholdsthestagewithimmenseauthority.Soitcomesnosurprisethatheisabouttoaddanewstringtohisbow.WhenheperformswiththeEnglishChamberOrchestra,itwillbeasbothsoloist(独奏者)andconductor.“It’ssomethingI’veoftenthoughtabout,”hesays.Othermusicianswhohavetradedtheboworpianoforthebaton(指挥棒)havefailed;thetransitionisnoteasy,ofwhichheisaware.“Themostcrucialthingisthehumanchemistrybetweenconductorandplayers.Youmustavoidatallcostsbeinganoutsider,asthoughsayingtotheorchestra,‘YoumakeyourmusicwhileIimaginemine.’”Heisquiterelaxedaboutnotyethavinghisownhand-language---everyconductorisdifferent.Kuznetsovbelievestheconnectionbetweennotesisnotjustphysical,butalsospiritual.Spirituallyis,forKuznetsov,theconductor’skeycharacteristic.“Anditshouldideallybeexpressedthroughbeautyofmovement,”hesays.Someconductorsthrowthemselvesabout,othershardlymoveamuscle.WherewillKuznetsovfitonthatscale?“Wemustwaitandsee,”hesays.Kuznetsovhimselfmovedstraightasanarrowtowardhisgoal.Hisfatherwasanoboist(双簧管演奏者)andhismotherconductedachoir,butattheageoffour,youngLeonidsettledontheviolin.“Theviolinislocatedatthefrontoftheorchestra.Itseemedverydesirabletositthereandshowoff.”Hegavehisfirstconcertattheageoffive.“WhenIwentonstage,Ibowedsodeeplyandsolongthattheaudiencelaughed---butIknewthatthiswaswhatgreatartistsalwaysdid.Ifeltitwasanhonourfortheaudiencetolistentome.”HisprogrammethatdayincludedPaganinivariations,“whichwereveryeasyforme”.Whatishisviewnowoftherecordingshemadeatthatage?“Ididn’thavethetechniqueIhavenowbutacrosstheyearstheintuitionhasnotchanged.IstillfeeleverytimeIgoonstageasthoughI’mnewborn.”Kuznetsovcautiouslypaceshisowndevelopment.Hedidn’tgivehisfirstperformanceofBeethoven’sViolinConcertountilhefeltreadyforit,andhe’llletBach’sworksstayinhismindforsomeyears.OneofKuznetsov’sadmirerswonderswhetherheisindangerofnothangingonto“thefearlessnessofyouth”.OntheevidenceofKuznetsov’sbravelyassurednewinterpretationoftheBrahmsConcerto,whichheplaysonanewCDrelease,I’dsaythathisfearlessnessisinnodangeryet.9．Kuznetsovthinks________ismostimportantinconducting.A．theplayers’recognitionoftheconductorB．theunderstandingbetweentheconductorandtheorchestraC．whethertheconductorhascooperatedwiththeplayersbeforeD．theconductor’sandtheorchestra’sknowledgeofthecomposition10．WhatcanbelearnedaboutKuznetsovfromthepassage?A．Heisn’tasenthusiasticasbeforeabouttheviolin.B．Hewasconfidentwhilegivinghisfirstconcert.C．Hedidn’tstarttoplaytheviolinuntilfive.D．HeplanstogiveBach’sworksatryfirst.11．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．It’seasyforpianoorviolinplayerstobecomeconductors.B．Violinplayersareusuallythosewholiketoshowoffinanorchestra.C．ThewriterthinkshighlyofKuznetsov’sperformanceasaconductor.D．Kuznetsovhasn’tdecidedwhichconductor’shand-languagetofollow.12．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Aviolinist’sunderstandingofmusic.B．Kuznetsov’seffortsthathaveledtohissuccess.C．Aviolinist’snewattemptsinhismusicalambitions.D．Kuznetsov’sinsightintohowtechniquesmatterinperformance.【答案】9．B10．B11．C12．C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了宏大的小提琴家Kuznetsov试图转型为指挥家的音乐生涯的转变。【详解】1.细微环节理解题。依据其次段其次句“Themostcrucialthingisthehumanchemistrybetweenconductorandplayers.”（最重要的是指挥家和演奏者之间的化学反应。）可知，Kuznetsov认为在指挥中指挥家和管弦乐队之间的默契是最重要的。故选B。2.推理推断题。依据第四段后三句WhenIwentonstage,Ibowedsodeeplyandsolongthattheaudiencelaughed---butIknewthatthiswaswhatgreatartistsalwaysdid.Ifeltitwasanhonourfortheaudiencetolistentome.”HisprogrammethatdayincludedPaganinivariations,“whichwereveryeasyforme”.（当我走上舞台，深深鞠了一躬，鞠了很长时间，观众们都笑了——但我知道，宏大的艺术家总是这样做的。我觉得听众能听我的节目是一种荣誉。他那天的节目包括帕格尼尼变奏曲，“对我来说很简单”。）可推知，Kuznetsov第一次演出时很自信。故选B。3.推理推断题。依据最终一段最终一句“OntheevidenceofKuznetsov’sbravelyassurednewinterpretationoftheBrahmsConcerto,whichheplaysonanewCDrelease,I’dsaythathisfearlessnessisinnodangeryet.”（Kuznetsov在新发行的CD中对勃拉姆斯协奏曲进行了大胆的新诠释，依据这一证据，我想说他还是会始终无所畏惧的。）可知，作者对Kuznetsov作为指挥家的表演是评价很高的。故选C。4.主旨大意题。依据第一段第一句“TherehavebeenmanygreatviolinistsbutnonecouldholdacandletoKuznetsov,amiraculousyoungRussian.”（宏大的小提琴家有许多，但没有人能与Kuznetsov同日而语，他是一位不行思议的年轻俄罗斯人。）和其次段第一句“Othermusicianswhohavetradedtheboworpianoforthebaton(指挥棒)havefailed;thetransitionisnoteasy,ofwhichheisaware.”（其他用小提琴或钢琴换指挥棒的音乐家已经失败了;这一转变并不简单，他也清晰这一点。）可知，本文是讲宏大的小提琴家Kuznetsov试图转型为指挥家的音乐生涯的转变。故选C。Passage4（（2024·江苏高三月考）“She'sawfullycute.”That'swhatMartyGinsburgthoughtwhenhemethisfellowCornellstudentRuthBaderin1950.Soonhenoticedsomethingelse."Hethoughtshewasawfullysmart,”saystheirsonJamesGinsburg.“MomsaidDadwastheonlyboywhodatedher,”Jamessays,"whocaredthatshehadabrain."Thatbrain,ofcourse,wouldtakeherallthewaytotheSupremeCourt.ButwhiletheworldknowsaboutRuthBaderGinsburg-thesecondwomantobeappointedasU.S.SupremeCourtjustice-thestoryofthegrandloveaffairbetweenRuthandMartyhasn'tbeenpubliclytolduntilnow.AsRuthbecameanexpertingender-discriminationlaw,sheandMartywerealivingexampleofwhatequalityofthesexeswasallabout."Ididthecooking,andshedidthethinking,”Martyoftenjoked.But,asRuthsawit,"Withouthim,IwouldnothavegainedaseatontheSupremeCourt.”Theteststothecouple'slovecameearlyandoften.Whentheywerestillinlawschool,Martygotcancer.Whileheunderwentradiation,Ruthorganizedhisfriendstotakeclassnotes.“He'dgetuparoundmidnightandtheneatwhateverfoodIhadcookedforhim,"Ruthsaid.Martysurvived.AfterRuthwasappointedtotheU.S.CourtofAppealsin1980,MartyfollowedhertoD．C．"Hewasalwaystryingtogethertoleavetheofficeandcomehomefordinner,"saysNPRlegalcorrespondentNinaTotenberg.AndwhenshegotthenominationasaJustice,Martytookhershoppingtopickoutsuitsforherconfirmationhearings.Healsojoinedthecourt's“spousesclub",becausehewantedtocookwhentheyallgottogether.Theirlovetookonanewmeaningin2010,afteratumorwasfoundinMartyandRuthbecamehiscaretakeragain,stayingupwithhimthroughthenight.InhisfinaldaysMartylefthiswifeanote:“YouaretheonlypersonIhavelovedinmylifeandIhaveadmiredyousincethedaywefirstmetatCornell56yearsago.”Hedied10dayslater.ThenextdayRuthreturnedtoworkonthebench.Askedwhy,shehadasimpleanswer:“Martywouldhavewanteditthatway.”13．InRuth'seyeswhatmakesMartydifferentfromtheothermendatingher?A．Hecoulddocookingforher. B．Hewasfascinatedbyherwisdom.C．Hehelpedherpromotesexualequality. D．Hecamefromthesameuniversityasshedid.14．WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?A．WhatchangestookplaceinRuth. B．WhyMartywasaddictedtocooking.C．HowMartysupportedRuthalltheway. D．HowRuthbecameaSupremeCourtjustice.15．TheunderlinedsentenceimpliesthatMartywishedRuthtoA．fulfilhisdream B．forgettheirpastC．worklonghours D．moveonwithouthim16．Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．RuthBaderGinsburg:HerSweetFamily B．RuthBaderGinsburg:HerLifeExperienceC．RuthBaderGinsburg:HerGreatLoveStory D．RuthBaderGinsburg:HerFightForGenderEquality【答案】13．B14．C15．D16．C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了其次位被任命为美国最高法院大法官的女性RuthBaderGinsburg和她丈夫RuthBader的爱情故事。13．细微环节理解题。依据第一段中“"Hethoughtshewasawfullysmart,”saystheirsonJamesGinsburg.“MomsaidDadwastheonlyboywhodatedher,”Jamessays,"whocaredthatshehadabrain."(他们的儿子JamesGinsburg说：“他认为她特别聪慧，妈妈说爸爸是和她约会的男孩中唯一一个在乎她有才智的男孩。”)”可知，在Ruth眼中，Marty和其他男人的不同之处在于，他被她的才智迷住了。故选B。14．主旨大意题。依据第五段“AfterRuthwasappointedtotheU.S.CourtofAppealsin1980,MartyfollowedhertoD.C."Hewasalwaystryingtogethertoleavetheofficeandcomehomefordinner,"saysNPRlegalcorrespondentNinaTotenberg.AndwhenshegotthenominationasaJustice,Martytookhershoppingtopickoutsuitsforherconfirmationhearings.Healsojoinedthecourt's“spousesclub",becausehewantedtocookwhentheyallgottogether.(1980年，露丝被任命为美国上诉法院法官后，马蒂跟随她来到华盛顿特区“他总是想让她离开办公室回家吃晚饭，”美国国家公共电台的法律记者NinaTotenberg说。当她被提名为大法官时，马蒂带着她去购物，为她的确认听证会选择西装。他还加入了法院的“配偶俱乐部”，因为他想在他们聚在一起的时候做饭)”可知，第五段主要讲了Martys是如何始终支持Ruth的。故选C。15．推理推断题。依据最终一段中“InhisfinaldaysMartylefthiswifeanote:“YouaretheonlypersonIhavelovedinmylifeandIhaveadmiredyousincethedaywefirstmetatCornell56yearsago.”Hedied10dayslaterThenextdayRuthreturnedtoworkonthebench.(在他生命的最终时刻，马蒂给妻子留了一张便条：“你是我一生中唯一爱的人，从56年前我们在康奈尔高校相遇的那一天起，我就始终敬佩你。”10天后，他去世了。其次天，露丝又回到了法官席上工作)”结合上文提到Marty始终支持Ruth的事业，所以即使是Marty死后，他也希望Ruth接着她的生活。由此推知，划线句子示意着Marty希望Ruth在他去世后，接着生活。故选D。16．主旨大意题。依据其次段中“ButwhiletheworldknowsaboutRuthBaderGinsburg-thesecondwomantobeappointedasU.S.SupremeCourtjustice-thestoryofthegrandloveaffairbetweenRuthandMartyhasn'tbeenpubliclytolduntilnow.(虽然世人都知道露丝·巴德·金斯伯格——其次位被任命为美国最高法院大法官的女性——但露丝和马蒂之间的宏大爱情故事直到现在才被公开)”结合文章主要讲解并描述了其次位被任命为美国最高法院大法官的女性RuthBaderGinsburg和她丈夫RuthBader的爱情故事。可知，C选项“RuthBaderGinsburg：她宏大的爱情故事”最符合文章标题。故选C。Passage5（2024·烟台市中英文学校高三月考）Onemorning,Ann'sneighborTracyfoundalostdogwanderingaroundthelocalelementaryschool.SheaskedAnnifshecouldkeepaneyeonthedog.Annsaidthatshecouldwatchitonlyfortheday.Tracytookphotosofthedogandprintedoff400FOUNDfliers(传单),andputtheminmailboxes.Meanwhile,Annwenttothedollarstoreandboughtsomepetsupplies,warninghertwosonsnottofallinlovewiththedog.Atthetime,Ann'ssonThomaswas10yearsold,andJack,whowasrecoveringfromaheartoperation,was21yearsold.FourdayslaterAnnwasstilllookingafterthedog,whomtheyhadstartedtocallRiley.Whenshearrivedhomefromwork,thedogthrewitselfagainstthescreendoorandbarkedmadlyather.Assoonassheopenedthedoor,Rileydashedintotheboys'roomwhereAnnfoundJacksufferingfromaheartattack.RileyranovertoJack,butassoonasAnnbentovertohelphimthedogwentsilent.“Ifithadn'tcometogetme,thedoctorsaidJackwouldhavedied，”Annreportedtoalocalnewspaper.Atthispoint,noonehadcalledtoclaimthedog,soAnndecidedtokeepit.ThenextmorningTracygotacall.AmannamedPeterrecognizedhislostdogandcalledthenumberontheflier.Tracystartedcrying,andtoldhim,“Thatdogsavedmyfriend'sson.”PeterdrovetoAnn'shousetopickuphisdog,andsawThomasandJackcryinginthewindow.AfterafewmomentsPetersaid,“MaybeOdiewassupposedtofindyou,maybeyoushouldkeepit.”17．WhatdidTracydoafterfindingthedog?A．Shelookedforitsowner. B．ShegaveittoAnnasagift.C．Shesoldittothedollarstore. D．Sheboughtsomefoodforit.18．HowdidthedoghelpsaveJack?A．BybreakingthedoorforAnn. B．ByleadingAnntoJack'sroom.C．BydraggingJackoutoftheroom. D．ByattendingJackwhenAnnwasout.19．WhatwasAnn'sattitudetothedogaccordingtoParagraph4?A．Sympathetic. B．Doubtful. C．Tolerant. D．Grateful.20．Whatcanweinferaboutthedogfromthelastparagraph?A．ItwouldbegiventoOdie. B．ItwouldbekeptbyAnn'sfamily.C．ItwouldbereturnedtoPeter. D．ItwouldbetakenawaybyTracy.【答案】17．A18．B19．D20．B【分析】这是一篇记叙文。一天，Tracy在当地学校旁边捡到一只流浪狗，把它交代给邻居Ann照看，自己去找狗的主子。Ann

答应只照看这只狗一天。结果在没找到狗主子之前Ann和她的两个儿子始终照看这只狗而且很快喜爱上了它。Ann的大儿子有心脏病，多亏了这只狗帮

Ann

刚好救了她儿子，所以当狗主子来认领狗时全家人都舍不得它走。最终，狗留在了Ann家里，成为家庭一员。17．细微环节理解题。依据其次段第一句“Tracytookphotosofthedogandprintedoff400FOUNDfliers（传单）,andputtheminmailboxes.（Tracy给狗拍照，印了400份找狗的传单并把它们放在网上。）”可知,Tracy在找狗的主子，故选A。18．细微环节理解题。依据第三段句子“Whenshearrivedhomefromwork,thedogthrewitselfagainstthescreendoorandbarkedmadlyather.Assoonassheopenedthedoor,Rileydashedintotheboys’roomwhereAnnfoundJacksufferingfromaheartattack.

”可知，当她下班回家时，那只狗扑到纱门上，对着她疯狂地吠叫。Riley一开门就冲进了男孩们的房间，安发觉杰克心脏病发作了。由此可知狗Riley是通过向Ann狂叫并领

Ann

进入Jack的房间让Ann发觉Jack犯了心脏病从而刚好救了

Jack的。故选B。19．推理推断题。依据第四段Ann跟报社说的话“Ifithadn’tcometogetme,thedoctorsaidJackwouldhavedied,”Annreportedtoalocalnewspaper.Atthispoint,noonehadcalledtoclaimthedog

”可知，假如不是狗领着Ann找到Jack，Jack可能就死了。也就是狗救了

Jack的命，所以可以推断Ann对狗很感谢，感谢它救了她儿子的命。故选D。20．推理推断题。依据最终一段“AfterafewmomentsPetersaid,“MaybeOdiewassupposedtofindyou,maybeyoushouldkeepit.”可知，过了一会儿，彼得说:

“或许Odie应当去找你，或许你应当养着它。由此推断出，狗最终是留在了Ann的家里。故选B。Passage6（（2024·山东高三月考）Thesignsappearedpracticallyovernight.Theyappearedeverywhere.Eachfeaturedjustafewupliftingwordsinsimpleblacktype：“Don’tGiveUp.”“YouAreWorthyofLove.”AtthehighschoolinNewberg，Oregon，twostudentskilledthemselvesthatyear，sothetownof25，000instantlyunderstoodthemessages.Fordays，whatnoonecouldfigureoutwaswhohadplantedthem.AmyWolffhad.ShefeltnecessarytoaddressNewberg’sgrief.Sheplantedthesignsanonymously(匿名)becauseshewantedthemtobeabouttheirmessage，notanyoneperson.YetasWolffsawthedeepinfluencehersignshadonherneighbors，shedecidedtosharehermessagepublicly.Instantly，hermailboxwasfloodedwithrequestsformoresigns.Sheaskedafriend，graphicdesignerJessicaBrittell，toprintmore.“Wedecidedtojustrideitout，justkeepgoinguntiltheordersstop，”saysWolff.ThatwasinMay2024.Sincethen，theDon’tGiveUpMovementlaunchedbyWolffhasspreadfromNewbergtotheheartsandyardsofpeopleineverystateandseveralcountries.Wolffchargesonlythecostofmaterialsandshipping.“It’saterriblebusinessdecisionifwewantedtofunctionlikeabusiness，”shesays.OneofthemosthearteningelementsoftheDon’tGiveUpMovementisthatithasgoneviralinaremarkablyhumanway.Peoplehavetakentoplantingthesignsintheirlawns，takingselfies，andthenpostingthemtoshare.“ItwasthebestfeelingintheworldthatIcouldhaveanimpactoutsideofschoolbyusingtheseproducts，”saysateacher，inTexasteachingalessoninunityafterhisclassroommovedonline.“Thiswasagoodwaytoletthemknowthatwecareevenwhenwecan’tseethem.”Wolff'smessageisabouttogrowyetagain.“Buttherehasneverbeenamorefiercebackdroptothepowerofhopeandsympatheticactionthanrightnow，”Wolffshares.21．WhatdidAmyWolffdointheneighboringcommunity?A．Shedecoratedthetowninsimpleblacktype.B．Sheurgedthetowntoadmirethemessages.C．Shepersuadedtheneighborstobeactive.D．Sheplantedsignswithupliftingwords.22．WhydidWolffchoosetosharehermessagepublicly?A．Toinfluencemorepeople. B．ToaddressNewberg’sgrief.C．Toraisepeople’sawareness. D．Tomeetneighbors’requests.23．WhatdidWolffsacrificetosatisfyconsumers’needs?A．Hersparetime. B．Herownprofits.C．Thedeliveringfees. D．Thecostofmaterials.24．WhatcanwelearnfromWolff'sstory?A．Hardworkleadstosuccess.B．Lovecantakeuseverywhere.C．Greatthingsaredonebymassefforts.D．Loveorlovingyourselfcouldbewakened.【答案】21．D22．A23．B24．D【分析】文章是记叙文。主要讲解并描述了Wolff因为两个学生自杀身亡的事务，为了激励人们不要轻易放弃希望，在社区到处竖起了“绝不放弃”等标语牌，受到邻居的赞许。后来把这种做法推广到更多的地方，激励更多的人们要对生活充溢希望，绝不放弃。表明爱和自爱可以被唤醒。【详解】1.细微环节理解题。由第一段第一句“Thesignsappearedpracticallyovernight.”（这些迹象几乎是一夜之间出现的。），第三句“Eachfeaturedjustafewupliftingwords”（每一个都有一些令人激昂的词语）和其次段第一句“AmyWolffhad.”（是Amy竖起了它们）可知，AmyWolff在社区竖起了不少让人们激昂精神的标语。故选D。2.细微环节理解题。由第三段第一句“YetasWolffsawthedeepinfluencehersignshadonherneighbors，shedecidedtostepforwardtosharehermessagepublicly.”（然而，当沃尔夫看到她的标记对邻居的深远影响时，她确定站出来，公开共享她的信息。）可知，她公开共享信息，目的是为了影响更多的人。故选A。3.推理推断题。由第四段倒其次句“Wolffchargesonlythecostofmaterialsandshipping.”（Wolff只收取成本和运输费用）可知，Wolff没有获得任何利润。故选B。4.推理推断题。文章第一段提到镇子里有两个学生自杀，为了劝慰人们，Wolff在社区到处竖起了励志的标语牌。文中第四段第一句提到“theDon’tGiveUpMovement”，说明激励人们要对生活充溢希望，绝不放弃。最终结尾部分，Wolff共享的内容是“Buttherehasneverbeenamorefiercebackdroptothepowerofhopeandsympatheticactionthanrightnow”（但是从来没有像现在这样，充溢希望和怜悯心的力气如此强大）。所以从文中可以了解到，爱和自爱是可以被唤醒的，故选D。Passage7（2024·河北邯郸市·高三期末）EmilyBonfimCamargo,a10-yeiir-oldgirl,hascerebralpalsy（大脑性瘫痪）.Becauseofhercondition,herinvoluntarymovementspreventherfromfreelyholdingobjectswithherhandsorstandingup.She'sneverbeenabletowalk,butthatdoesn'tmeanshedoesn’thavethesamedreamsandhopesasotherchildren.Inparticular,she'salwayswantedtoride