2024-2025学年新教材高中英语单元素养评价Unit5WorkingtheLand含解析新人教版选择性必修第一册

PAGE单元素养评价(五)(Unit5)(120分钟150分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text1W:It’snearly7.Ifyouwanttocatchthe8o’clocktrain,you’dbettergonow.M:Don’tworry.I’lldrivetothestation.W:Inthatcase,letmegowithyouandyoudropmeoffatthecitycentre.①I’llgotothesquaremarket.1.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Catchatrain. B.Seethemanoff.C.Goshopping.答案:CText2M:I’mthinkingaboutmovingoutofmyplace.W:Howcome?Isitfarfromyourworkplace?M:No.Withthreekidsgrowingupandreachingschoolage,②myhouseistoosmall.2.Whydoesthemanwanttomove?A.Tobenearhisoffice. B.Toliveinabiggerhouse.C.Togotoagoodschool.答案:BText3M:It’sverycoldinhere.I’mgoingtoturntheheaterontowarmthisplaceupalittle.W:WhydoyouthinkI’mdrinkinghotchocolate?③Here,takethisblanket.Theheaterisn’tworkingrightnow.3.Whatwillthemanprobablydotostaywarm?A.Useablanket.B.Turnontheheater.C.Drinksomehotchocolate.答案:AText4W:Englishisaneasylanguagetolearn.Don’tyouthinkso,④Daming?M:④I’mafraidit’sdifficultforme,Susan.Butmybrotherisgoodatit.4.WhohasdifficultyinlearningEnglish?A.Susan. B.Daming.C.Daming’sbrother.答案:BText5W:Whendidtheplanearrive?M:Ataquarterpasteleven.W:⑤Doyouthinkyou’llrecognizeJoewhenyouseehim?M:Idon’tknow.Ihaven’tseenhimsincehewas7.Timeflies.Now9yearshavepassed.Mynephewmusthavechangedalot.5.Whatarethetwospeakersdoingnow?A.Waitingforsomeoneattheairport.B.Talkingabouttheirplan.C.Bookingticketsfortheirtrip.答案:A其次节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。Text6M:Wow!Niceplace!I’veneverbeentothispartoftownbefore.W:Thanks.⑥Thisarea’scalledtheEastEnd.Itisn’tverycentral,butIchoseitbecauseIcouldaffordmorespacehere.M:Yeah,⑥youhaveawholeextraroom!W:Iknow!Iuseitforwork.M:Ithoughtyouworkedinanofficedowntown.W:Mycompanyletsmeworkonedayaweekfromhome.M:Lucky!You’vegotagreatbossandagreatapartment.I’msohappyforyou!Let’scelebrate!⑦Letmetakeyoutodinner.6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inanofficedowntown.B.Inanapartmentdowntown.C.InanapartmentintheEastEnd.答案:C7.Whatdoesthemanwanttodonow?A.Gettowork. B.Gotoarestaurant.C.Visitthewoman’scompany.答案:B听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。Text7M:Hey,Helen!⑧HowaboutyourinterviewforCambridge?W:Mm,notbad.TheyaresatisfiedwithmyacademicrecordsinScience.M:Iknowyoucanconquertheteachers.W:Thankyou,Mike.Um,wheredoyouwanttostudy?M:India.W:WhyinIndia?YouwanttomajorinBuddhism?M:No.⑨Iwanttobeacomputerprogrammer.SoI’veappliedtotheIndianInstituteofTechnology,whichisoneofthebestuniversitiesforITlearners.W:Yeah!That’syourbestchoice.Hopeyoucanmakeit.M:Thankyou.8.Wheredoesthewomanwanttostudy?A.IntheUniversityofCambridge.B.IntheUniversityofOxford.C.IntheIndianInstituteofTechnology.答案:A9.Whichsubjectdoesthemanwanttomajorin?A.Art.B.Buddhism.C.Programming.答案:C听第8段材料,回答第10～12题。Text8W:Hello,mayIspeaktoMrSmith,please?M:Speaking.Who’scalling?MayIask?W:ThisistheJobCenter.WehavereceivedyourE-mailandthereisapositionwhichwethinkfityouwell.⑩Alabassistantiswantedinamiddleschool.M:Canyoutellmemoreaboutthejob?W:Well,alabassistantiswantedinacollege.It’sthekindofjobyouwouldliketodo,QUOTE⑪asismentionedinyourE-mail.M:Yes,Ididputthatinmyletter.W:Yes.Theyalsoneedsomeonewhoknowshowtomaintaintheequipment.Sowethinkyouarejusttherightpersonforthejob.M:Whataboutthepayandworkhours?W:Iamcomingtothat.Thepaytheyhaveofferedissatisfactory,buttheworkhoursareabitchangeable.Sometimesearlyinthemorning,sometimeslateintheafternoon.M:Well,Iaminterestedinthat.MayIhavesomemoredetailssothatIcantalkitoverwithmywife?W:Whydon’tyoucomeoverhereat10a.m.tomorrow?M:OK,QUOTE⑫seeyoutomorrowthen.Bye!10.WhydidthewomancallMrSmith?A.Torecommendajob.B.Tomaintaintheequipment.C.Toworkasalabassistant.答案:A11.HowdidtheJobCentergettoknowSmith?A.Smithcalledthecenter.B.Smithe-mailedthecenter.C.Smithwenttothecenterbefore.答案:B12.Whenwillthemangotothecenterfordetailsaboutthejob?A.Tomorrowmorning.B.Thismorning.C.Tomorrowafternoon.答案:A听第9段材料,回答第13～16题。Text9M:QUOTE⑬Hello,Jane.ThisisPeterspeaking.W:Hi,howareyou?M:Fine.AndI’vegotsomegreatnewsforyou.W:Really?What’sitabout?M:Irememberyouareinterestedinwatchinggolfgames.TheHoustonOpenwillberunningfromMay26toMay30.I’msureyouwillbegladtowatchthegame.W:Oh,that’sgreat.Butjustamoment,letmecheck.Ah...ItisapitythatIcan’tmakeit.QUOTE⑭IwillbeonbusinessinChinafromMay25toJune2.M:Well,QUOTE⑭I’msorryyouhavetobeawayonbusinessthen.Letmesee.QUOTE⑮Anothergame,theUSOpenwillberunningfromJuly15toJuly18.Howaboutthat?W:That’sgreat.Iwillbeonmyholidaythen.QUOTE⑯Itwouldbewonderfulifwecouldwatchthegametogether.13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onthephone.B.AtPeter’shome.C.Inagym.答案:A14.WhywillthewomanmisstheHoustonOpen?A.Shewillbehavingherholiday.B.Shewillstayathome.C.Shewillbeonbusinessabroad.答案:C15.WhenistheUSOpenrunning?A.FromMay26toMay30.B.FromMay25toJune2.C.FromJuly15toJuly18.答案:C16.Whatwouldbewonderfulforthespeakers?A.Beingonavacation.B.Watchingthegametogether.C.GoingtotheUS.答案:B听第10段材料,回答第17～20题。Text10OneSundaymorning,IwasdreamingofbeingaskedtotheofficebythebosswhenIwaswokenupbyaphonecall.QUOTE⑰Itwasfromataxidriver.Hetoldmehehadmyfriend’scellphone.Myfriend,Mike,hadleftitinthetaxithenightbefore.Thedrivercalledmeaccordingtothecallrecords.Itwasarainingmorning.Fortaxidriversinthisbigcityitwasabigtime.QUOTE⑱Itoldhimtherewasataxicentrenotfarawayfrommyhome.Hecouldtakeitthere.ThenIquicklyjumpedoutofbedandgotdressed.QUOTE⑲WhenIwalkedthereinhalfanhour,thedriverhadgoneaway.Hedidn’tleaveanythingexceptforthecellphone.Iwasveryhappyformyfriend.Hemovedtothiscityafewdaysago,soIdidn’tgettimetovisithimandthereforedidn’tknowwherehewasliving.Ie-mailedmyfriendtellinghimIhadhisphone.Myfriendwasveryexcitedtogetbackhiscellphone.QUOTE⑳Hesaidhewouldwriteitonhisblogtosearchforthewarm-hearteddriver.17.WhocalledMike’sfriendonaSundaymorning?A.Mike. B.Ataxidriver.C.Hisboss.答案:B18.Howdidthetaxidriverdeliverthecellphone?A.HemailedittoMike.B.HehandedittoMike’sfriend.C.Heleftitinthetaxicentre.答案:C19.HowdidMike’sfriendgettothetaxicentre?A.Hegotthereonfoot.B.Hetookataxi.C.Hedrovethere.答案:A20.WhatwouldMikedoaftergettingthecellphoneback?A.Searchforthedriverinthetaxicentre.B.Contributetoanewspaperinsearchofthedriver.C.Searchforthedriverbypostingablog.答案:C其次部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOurnewchildcarelocationinScheveningen!Thecenterissurroundedbynumerousinternationalinstitutesandembassiesandisconvenientlylocatedjust10minutesfromTheHaguecitycenter.Youcaneasilypickupanddropoffyourchildthankstothemanyparkingspacesclosetotheentrance.OurservicesBigBenKidsprovidesdaycare,preschoolcareandafter-schoolcare.Ouractivityprogrammeincludeslanguagelessons,violinlessons,guitarlessonsandmuchmore.Activitiesareheldindoors,butcanalsobeexternal,suchasswimmingintheriver,andfieldtripstothewoods.Childrenlearndancing,makingmusic,andthenativelanguage—Dutch!Theylearnthroughplay.Ourcurriculumiscarefullydesignedinsuchawaythatthechildrendon’tevennoticehowmuchtheylearneachday.Forthem,it’sallaboutplayingandhavingfun!WhatdoesBigBenKidsofferyourfamily?·HomelikeenvironmentAwarmandstimulating(趣味盎然的)atmospherethatallowschildrentogrowanddevelopsafely.·AtrulyinternationalplaceOurstaffmemberscomefromallovertheworld,justlikethefamiliesweserve.Wearethereforeacutelyawarethatourcentersshouldbemuchmorethanplacesthatsimplycareforchildren.Wealwaysgotheextramile(加倍努力)tohelpfamiliesandtrytobringeveryonetogethertoformafriendlyinternationalcommunity.·HealthymealsAtBigBenKids,weservetwowarm,healthy,homemademealseachday.Thesnacksarenutritiousaswell,withlotsoffruitandvegetables.Parentsreceiveourmenueveryweekinadvance.【文章大意】本文为一篇应用文。介绍了一家国际儿童托管中心的招生信息。21.Wheredoesthecenterprobablylie?A.Germany. B.France.C.Holland. D.Sweden.【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。依据“Childrenlearndancing,makingmusic,andthenativelanguage—Dutch!”可知学生们在托管中心要学习本土语——荷兰语,可以推断这个中心很可能位于荷兰。22.Whoisthecentermainlyintendedfor?A.Foreignchildren. B.Preschoolchildren.C.Nativechildren. D.Athleticchildren.【解析】选A。细微环节理解题。依据“Ourstaffmemberscomefromallovertheworld,justlikethefamiliesweserve”可知这个儿童托管中心主要是针对生活在本市的外国孩子开办的。23.Whatareparentsawareofabouttheirchildrenaheadoftime?A.Whatactivitiestheirchildrenjoin.B.Whatmealstheirchildrenareserved.C.Howtheirchildrenperforminclass.D.Whethertheirchildrenfinishhomework.【解析】选B。细微环节理解题。依据“Parentsreceiveourmenueveryweekinadvance”可知,父母可以提前收到孩子们的菜单。由此可见父母对于孩子们在托管中心吃什么是特别清晰的。BKar-goistheinventionoftheUnitedKingdom-basedAcademyofRobotics,whichdescribesitas“Europe’sfirstroad-worthyautonomousdeliveryvehicle”.UsingAI,thisautonomousdeliveryvehicleofferscustomersanapp—similartooneusedwhenorderingataxi—allowingthemtochoosewhenandwheretheirpackagesaredelivered.CompanieslikeTeslaandAmazonhaveinvestedheavilyinautonomousvehicles,whichhavethepotentialtocreateaseaofchangesinbusinessandsociety.Resemblingsomethinglikeagreeneggonwheels.Kar-go’saimistoreducethecostofwhat’sknownasthe“lastmiledeliverychallenge”.Thisisthefinalstageofyouronlinepackage’sjourney,fromalocalwarehousetoyourfrontdoor.Laborcosts,payingdrivers,thecostoffuelandthevehiclecostsformaintainingsmallvehiclesallcontributetomakingthisthemostexpensivepartofthedeliveryprocess.Thefirstpartofthepackage’sjourneyisfarcheaper,withhighvolumesofpackagesbeingtransportedtoandfromthesamelocation.However,attheotherend,driversdeliversmallershipmentstoseveraldifferentlocations—wheretherecipientmaynotevenbeavailabletocollect.WiththelatestAItechnology,Kar-gowilldelivergoodssafely,sustainablyandinstyle.TheAIvehicleusesspecialtechnologytobecomeanexpertonitsownindividualroute,learningfrompastexperiencesinordertohelpitselfdealwithnewfutureobstacles(障碍物)ontheroad.Kar-goalsohasitsveryowninternalsortingsystem,allowingthevehicletotransportpackagesinthecorrectorderfordelivery.By2030,theSocietyofMotorManufacturersandTraderspredictstheautonomousmarketcouldadd￡62billionineconomicgrowthintheUK,creatingmorethan420,000newjobs.Electric,self-driving,economicandcapableofworking24/7,Kar-gopromisestoreducethelastmiledeliverycostbyupto90%,providinganefficientsolutiontotherapidly-expandingonlineretail(零售)market.【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了号称欧洲第一款适于行路的无人驾驶运货车Kar-go,重点从设计背景,特点以及对将来网络零售市场的影响等方面做了简要说明。24.FromthefirstparagraphweknowKar-go______.

A.isanappusedtoorderataxiB.isEurope’sfirstautonomousVehicleC.hascreatedgreatchangesinbusinessandsocietyD.transportsgoodsatcustomers’convenience【解析】选D。推理推断题。依据第一段中的“UsingAI,thisautonomousdeliveryvehicleofferscustomersanapp—similartooneusedwhenorderingataxi—allowingthemtochoosewhenandwheretheirpackagesaredelivered.”可知,运用AI技术,这款自动驾驶送货车给客户供应了一款类似于打车软件的应用程序,从而使顾客可以确定其快递的投送时间和地点,这为顾客带来极大便利,D选项符合文章描述。25.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellus?A.HowKar-godeliversthegoods.B.WhatchallengesKar-gomayface.C.Howthedriversreducedeliverycost.D.Whythelastmiledeliveryisexpensive.【解析】选D。段落大意题。依据其次段内容可知,本段重点介绍了最终一英里运输成本为什么高。故D选项最合适。26.WhatistheadvantageoftheAItechnologyusedbyKar-go?A.Ithasanadvancedinternalsortingsystem.B.Itenablesvehiclestoworkmoreefficiently.C.Itmakesadriverbecomeanexpertintraffic.D.Ithelpspeoplecleannewobstaclesontheroad.【解析】选B。推理推断题。依据第三段可知,该人工智能运货车可以运用特别科技成为一个在自己运行路途方面的专家,并能够从从前的阅历中学习,从而可以帮助它自己处理将来道路上的新障碍,据此推断人工智能技术可以使Kar-go运货车的工作效率更高,故B选项最合适。27.WhatinfluencedoesKar-gohaveontheUK?A.Itwillcreateover420,000jobsfordrivers.B.Itwillreducethedeliverycostbyupto90%.C.Itmaycontributetothegrowthofonlinebusiness.D.ItmaymaketheUKleadintheautonomousmarket.【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中的“Kar-gopromisestoreducethelastmiledeliverycostbyupto90%,providinganefficientsolutiontotherapidly-expandingonlineretailmarket.”可知,Kar-go运货车能够将最终一英里的货运成本降低90%,从而有效地解决快速发展的在线零售市场的运输难题,故C选项最符合题意。CInanewstudy,researchersanalyzedinformationfrommorethan18,000peoplewhoprovidedbloodsamples.Participantsreportedwhethertheyexercisedregularly,andifso,whattypeofexercisestheytypicallydid.Theresearchersthenscannedparticipants,blood,lookingforgenes(基因)thataretiedtoanincreasedriskofobesity(肥胖).Next,theresearchersexaminedwhethercertainexercisesseemedtobalancethisrisk.Overall,peoplewhoreporteddoinganytypeofregularexercisestendedtohavealowerBMI(体重指数)thanthosewhodidn’t.Thiswastrueevenamongpeoplewhoweregeneticallyeasytobecomeoverweight.Butoneexercisestoodoutastheonewiththestrongestanti-obesityeffect:jogging.ParticipantswithobesitygeneswhojoggedtendedtohavealowerBMIthanpeoplewithsimilargeneticriskwhodidnotjog.Butforthosewholoathejogging,fearnot:FiveothertypesofexerciseswerealsotiedtoalowerBMIamongindividualsatriskforobesity.Theseincludedmountainclimbing,ballroomdancingandwalking.Thebenefitsoftheseexerciseswerethebiggestamongthosewiththegreatestgeneticriskofobesity.Interestingly,severalothertypesofexercisesfailedtocounteractthegeneticriskofobesity.Theseincludedcycling,stretchingexercisesandswimming.Thefindingsdon’tmeanthattheselatterexercisescan’thelpwithweightcontrol.It’sjustthattheydidn’tseemtocounteractthegenetictendencytogainweight.Therecouldbeseveralreasonsforthis.Theresearchersnotedthat,fortheaverageJoeorJane,cyclingandstretchingexercisestendtorequirelessenergythantheexercisesthatweretiedtoalowerobesityrisk.Inaddition,exercisinginwater,ashappenswithswimming,mayincreaseappetite.【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。探讨表明,慢跑是肥胖基因的克星。此外,爬山、交际舞和漫步也有利于降低肥胖的风险。相反,骑自行车、做伸展运动和游泳等并不能帮助反抗肥胖基因风险。28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“loathe”inthethirdparagraphmean?A.Dislike. B.Display.C.Disturb. D.Discourage.【解析】选A。词义揣测题。画线词后面供应了其他几项反抗肥胖基因风险的运动。可见画线词所在句的意思是“对于那些不喜爱慢跑的人来说,也不必担忧”。故可推断loathe是“不喜爱,厌烦”之意。29.Whichexercisehastheleasteffectonbalancingobesitygenes?A.Mountainclimbing. B.Ballroomdancing.C.Runningslowly. D.Ridingabicycle.【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的“severalothertypesofexercisesfailedtocounteractthegeneticriskofobesity.Theseincludedcycling,stretchingexercisesandswimming.”可知,骑自行车不能反抗肥胖基因风险。【易错点拨】A项具有较大的干扰性。缘由是考生未能正确理解“severalothertypesofexercisesfailedtocounteractthegeneticriskofobesity.Theseincludedcycling,stretchingexercisesandswimming.”,本句的意思是“一些其他类型的运动不能反抗肥胖基因风险,包括骑自行车、做伸展运动及游泳”。但这并不等于说这些运动没有减肥效果。后面一句话“Thefindingsdon’tmeanthattheselatterexercisescan’thelpwithweightcontrol”也清晰地说明白这一点。故A项不正确。30.Whatdoestheauthorindicateinthelastparagraph?A.Swimmingdoesn’thelponeloseweight.B.Divingmaymakeapersoneatmorefood.C.Averagepeopleputlessenergyintoexercises.D.Stretchingexerciseswillbecomepopular.【解析】选B。推理推断题。依据最终一段最终一句“Inaddition,exercisinginwater,ashappenswithswimming,mayincreaseappetite”可知水中运动可能会增加食欲。潜水属于水中运动,据此可推断潜水可能使一个人饭量增加。31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?A.JoggingLessLeadstoGeneticObesityB.RegularExercisesTendtoLowerBMIC.WhetherExercisesBalanceRisksofObesityGenesD.GenesAreVeryImportantforPeople’sWeightControl【解析】选C。标题推断题。依据第一段最终一句、其次段第三句、第三段最终一句和第四段第一句可知,本文主要讲的是运动是否能够平衡肥胖基因的风险,故C项是最佳答案。DTheclimatechangehasbecomeanissuethatnoonecanescapefrom.Iftheworldwantstolimitclimatechange,watershortageandpollution,weallneedtochoose“flexitarian(弹性素食的)”diets,sayscientists.Thismeanseatingmainlyplant-basedfood,whichisoneofthreekeystepstowardsasustainablefutureforallin2050,theysay.Foodwastewillneedtobehalvedandfarmingpracticeswillalsohavetoimprove,accordingtothestudy.Withoutaction,theimpactsofthefoodsystemcouldincreasebyupto90%.FastontheheelsofthelandmarkreportoftheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)comesthisnewstudyonhowfoodproductionandconsumptionimpactmajorthreatstotheplanet.Theauthorssaythatthefoodsystemhasanumberofsignificantenvironmentalimpactsincludingbeingamajordriverofclimatechange,providingfreshwaterandreducingpollutionthroughoveruseofnitrogen(氮)andphosphorus(磷).Thestudysaysthatthankstothepopulationandincomegrowthexpectedbetween2010and2050,theseimpactscouldgrowbetween50%—90%.Thiscouldpushourworldbeyonditsgeographicboundaries.Sowhenitcomestoclimatechange,theauthorslookedatwhattheycalleda“flexitariandiet”.“Wecaneatarangeofhealthydietsbutwhattheyallhaveincommon,accordingtothelatestscientificevidence,isthattheyareallrelativelyplant-based,”saidleadauthorDr.MarcoSpringmannfromtheUniversityofOxford.“Youcangofromadietthathassmallamountsofanimalproducts;somemightcallitaMediterranean-baseddiet;wecallitaflexitariandiet.Wetriedtostaywiththemostconservativeoneofthesewhichinourviewistheflexitarianone,buteventhishasonlyoneservingofredmeatperweek,”headded.Iftheworldmovedtothistypeofdiet,thestudyfoundthatgreenhousegasemissions(排放)fromagriculturewouldbereducedbymorethanhalf.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。探讨表明,弹性素食饮食有助于改善环境。32.Whatbenefitwillthenewdietsbringtotheworld?A.Theanimalswillbesaved.B.Peoplewillneedmorewater.C.Theclimatechangewillstop.D.Thepollutionwillbecontrolled.【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。依据第一段其次句“Iftheworldwantstolimitclimatechange,watershortageandpollution,weallneedtochoose’flexitarian’diets,sayscientists.”可知,通过选择弹性素食饮食,人们可以限制气候变更,缓解水资源短缺并能削减污染。故选D。33.Whatcanbecalleda“flexitarian”diet?A.Eatanimalproductseverymeal.B.Eatplant-basedvegetableseverymeal.C.Eatmainlyvegetablesandnevereatanimalproducts.D.Eatplant-basedmealmainlyandanimalproductssometimes.【解析】选D。推理推断题。依据倒数其次段“Youcangofromadietthathassmallamountsofanimalproducts;somemightcallitaMediterranean-baseddiet...buteventhishasonlyoneservingofredmeatperweek”可知,弹性素食饮食主要是以蔬菜为基础的饮食,但每周至少也要吃一次红肉。由此可推知,弹性素食饮食以蔬菜为主,肉食为辅。故选D。34.Whatwillhappenifthenewdietispopularglobally?A.Theclimatewillbecomewarmer.B.Thefoodconsumptionwillincrease.C.Peoplewillhavelessgreenhousegas.D.Peoplewillproducemorefoodwaste.【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。依据最终一段“Iftheworldmovedtothistypeofdiet,thestudyfoundthatgreenhousegasemissionsfromagriculturewouldbereducedbymorethanhalf.”可知,假如全球都实行这种饮食方式,农业所产生的温室气体排放量将削减一半以上,即温室气体的产生量会变得更少。故选C。35.Whatistheattitudeoftheauthortothenewdiet?A.Supportive. B.Doubtful.C.Opposed. D.Indifferent.【解析】选A。观点看法题。通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了弹性素食饮食有助于改善环境。由此可推知,作者对这种饮食方式是支持的。故选A。其次节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manypeople,includingsomesuccessfulmen,wearthesameclothingdailytofocustheirdecision-makingenergyonmoreimportantthings.36Julia,anartteacher,iswearingthesamedressforthefirst100daysofschooltocreateawarenessoftheenvironmentalcostsoffastfashion.

Availableonlineorfromvariousshops,itallowseveryonetoadoptthelatestfashiontrendsinstantly.Thoughthatsoundslikeawin-winforall,therapidchangeinstylesandtheaffordablepricesresultinimpulse(冲动)purchases,manyofwhicharethrownawayafterbeingwornjustonceortwice.37

Julia’sideaforthe“OneOutfit(服装),100Days”beganasacommentshemadetoherhusbandduringthesummer.38Moreover,itwouldserveasagreatlessonforhernewstudents.Selectingaperfectoutfitforthechallengewasalittletricky.Aftersomeconsideration.Juliasettledonaplaindress.Thoughshehasabackupdress,Juliaplanstouseitonlyifabsolutelynecessary.

39Ithasalsoinspiredsomeofhercolleaguesandherhusbandtotakeupthechallenge.Juliasaystheexperimenthasforcedhertorethinkherattitudetowardsclothes.Shevaluesthingsmorenow—respectingtheplanetforherchildrenandtryingtovalueherselfinadifferentway,asopposedtocaringsomuchaboutwhatshelookslike.40Reuse,recycle,and,mostimportantly,reduce.

A.Juliaisalsotiredofmakingdecisionsonsmallthings.B.Theexperimenthasarousedcuriosityofmanystudents.C.Julia’s“OneOutfit,100Days”challenge,however,hasaselflessaim.D.ThankstoJulia’sidea,thewholeschoolbegantofollowherchallenge.E.Shehopesmorepeoplewilllearnfromherandapplythe3Rstotheirlife.F.Over21billionpoundsofclothendsupbeingwasteyearlyintheUSalone.G.Thinkingfurther,shedecideditwouldbeawaytoshowhereco-friendlylifestyle.【文章大意】本文为记叙文。介绍了一位艺术老师Julia“一百天,一套衣服”的理念及其带来的变更和影响。36.【解析】选C。考查承上启下句。依据空前的“tofocustheirdecision-makingenergyonmoreimportantthings”和空后的“tocreateawarenessoftheenvironmentalcostsoffastfashion”可知,Julia的“一百天,一套衣服”挑战不仅是为了把更多精力放在重要的事情上,还是出于环保这一无私的目的。C项与上下文吻合,为正确选项。37.【解析】选F。考查细微环节支撑句。依据空前的“impulsepurchases,manyofwhicharethrownawayafterbeingwornjustonceortwice”可知,很多人冲动之下买来的衣服穿了一两次后就被扔掉,F项为这一行为的后果,承接上文。38.【解析】选G。考查细微环节支撑句。空前提到“beganasacommentshemadetoherhusbandduringthesummer”,G项“进一步思索后,她确定这将是呈现她环保生活方式的方法”承接上文,且与空后的“Moreover,itwouldserveasagreatlessonforhernewstudents”吻合,为正确选项。39.【解析】选B。考查细微环节支撑句。依据空后的“Ithasalsoinspiredsomeofhercolleaguesandherhusbandtotakeupthechallenge”可知,此处在讲Julia的挑战的影响,故B项符合语境,下文中的also和experiment也是提示。【易错点拨】本题易误选D项。该项中的“thewholeschool”与下一句中的“someofhercolleagues”相冲突。40.【解析】选E。考查细微环节支撑句。依据空后的“Reuse,recycle,and,mostimportantly,reduce”可知,该空与3Rs有关,E项符合语境。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TheGloverkidsinNewburgh,NewYork,wanttomakealittleextramoneythemselvesbeforeschoolopens.So,earlierthisweek,theysetupalemonadestandonthesideoftheroad.41wasgoodduringtherushhour,atwhichpointsomepoliceofficerspulledup,and42WhitneyGlover,motheroftheyoungenterprisers,thatsome43personhadcalledtomakecomplaintsaboutkids’sellinglemonade.

Now,inmoststories,that’swhenthepolice44thestand,tellingkidstotakeafoodhandlingcourse,andgeta45fromtherelateddepartment.Thenthechildrengohomecompletely46,fortheirenterpriseisbroken.Butnotinthis47.Thepoliceofficerssaidthekidsweren’tdoinganythingwrong,48creatingabitofatrafficjam,andtheirmotivationshouldbe49.Thekidsalsopromisedtomake50totheirscheduletoavoidtrafficproblems.After51foraphotowiththekids,theyleft.Whitneypostedthepictureonsocialmediawithexplanatorywords.

The52storyhascreatedagreatdealoflocal53andthelemonadebusinessisnowbooming.Dozensofcustomershave54forlemonade.“Everysingletimeyoubuyaglass,childrenlookamazedbythe55oftimeandeffortstocoinsintheirhands,”Whitneysaid.

【文章大意】本文为一篇记叙文,主题语境是“人与自我”。一群孩子摆摊卖柠檬水,有人举报,警察去了以后并没有责令孩子们撤掉摊位或者惩罚他们,而是激励了他们的创业精神。41.A.Progress B.BusinessC.Budget D.Purpose【解析】选B。结合语境可知,在上下班高峰期生意(Business)不错。42.A.demanded B.proposedC.warned D.informed【解析】选D。依据下文中的“thatsome______personhadcalledtomakecomplaintsaboutkids’sellinglemonade.”可知,警察通知(informed)孩子们的母亲,有人投诉孩子们的摊位。

43.A.bitter B.generousC.anxious D.responsible【解析】选A。依据下文中的“makecomplaintsaboutkids’sellinglemonade”“creatingabitofatrafficjam”可知,打电话投诉的人对孩子们在上下班高峰期摆摊感到愤愤不平。bitter在此处表示“愤愤不平的”。44.A.takeover B.leaveoutC.shutdown D.driveaway【解析】选C。结合语境以及下文的“Thenthechildrengohome...theirenterpriseisbroken”可知,通常在这时,警察会让孩子们的摊位停止营业(shutdown)。takeover”接管”;leaveout“遗漏,不包括”;driveaway“赶跑(某人)”。45.A.course B.permitC.fund D.record【解析】选B。依据空后的“fromtherelateddepartment”可知,此处表示告知孩子们从有关部门取得一张许可证(permit)。46.A.surprised B.frightenedC.depressed D.confused【解析】选C。依据语境可知,(假如)孩子们的生意被迫停业,他们会很懊丧地回家。depressed“懊丧的”。47.A.context B.caseC.reason D.respect【解析】选B。依据下文中的“Thepoliceofficerssaidthekidsweren’tdoinganythingwrong”可推想,警察并没有让孩子们停止营业,所以此处表示上文提到的事在这种状况(case)下并没有发生。48.A.otherthan B.insteadofC.asfor D.dueto【解析】选A。除了(otherthan)造成一点交通拥挤之外,孩子们并没有做错什么,而且他们的主动性应当被赞扬(celebrated)。49.A.managed B.preventedC.celebrated D.reflected【解析】选C。celebrate在此处表示“赞扬,赞美,歌颂”。manage“管理”;prevent“阻挡”;reflect“反映”。50.A.contributions B.differencesC.objections D.adjustments【解析】选D。结合上文提到的交通拥堵和空后的“theirscheduletoavoidtrafficproblems”可知,孩子们承诺会对营业时间作出调整(adjust