2017年管理类联考综合真题及答案解析

MBAMBA（a1b时甲获胜，则甲取胜的概率为（

（E）

2:3（B）3

632（B，分组问题。B 10%后的售价是降价前的（B，简单题。3150（E，列方程解应用题。10%，一天中向张老师咨询的学生人数为（）D，简单题。出的区域的面积（单位：平方米）为（） （A）10 x1x2的解集为（

11009（D

13

3（A）2435（B）2534（C）2534（D）244（E）244

A，选项验证即可。

OA1OCOB则阴影部分的面积为（

30，则没复习过这三门课程的学生人数为A7B8C9D10和条件(2)能否充分支持题干所陈述的结论。A、B、C、D、E

1255C，明显可以联合。A，B960C。B。C，一个等号一个不等号，100%压中。2A25abf(xx22axbE100%运用得当，由于英语比较难，估计165170CDEE2941-22-32674.（2）379.C282.30300288.（A94.（D2105.（4）107.（A）108.（B）109.（C）110.（D）111.（E）118.（B33~34131.（4）%至171.（D）65%20-402/31/3179.(A1/3.假设236.（A）8238.（B）8239.（C）876299.（46D353B360D367.（A）3369.（C）3372D374.（A）375.（B）376.（C）377.（D）378.（E）379AC5606005707002017MBA

SectionIUseofReadthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Peoplehavespeculatedforcenturiesaboutafuturewithoutwork.Todayisnodifferent，withacademics，writers，andactivistsonceagain1thattechnologyisreplacinghumanworkers.Someimaginethatthecomingwork-freeworldwillbedefinedby2.Afewwealthypeoplewillownallthecapital，andthemasseswillstruggleinanimpoverishedwasteland..Adifferentandnotmutuallyexclusive3holdsthatthefuturewillbeawastelandofadifferentsort，one4bypurposelessness：Withoutjobstogivetheirlives5，peoplewillsimplybecomelazyanddepressed.6today’sunemployeddon’tseemtobehavingagreattime.OneGalluppollfoundthat20percentofAmericanswhohavebeenunemployedforatleastayearreporthavingdepression，doubletheratefor7Americans.Also，someresearchsuggeststhatthe8forrisingratesofmortality，mental-healthproblems，andaddicting9poorly-educatedmiddle-agedpeopleisshortageofwell-paidjobs.Perhapsthisiswhymany10theagonizingdullnessofajoblessfuture.Butitdoesn’t11followfromfindingslikethesethataworldwithoutworkwouldbefilledwithunease.Suchvisionsarebasedonthe12ofbeingunemployedinasocietybuiltontheconceptofemployment.Inthe13ofwork，asocietydesignedwithotherendsinmindcould14strikinglydifferentcircumstancesforthefutureoflaborandleisure.Today，the15ofworkmaybeabitoverblown.“Manyjobsareboring，degrading，unhealthy，andawasteofhumanpotential，”saysJohnDanaher，alecturerattheNationalUniversityofIrelandinGalway.Thesedays，becauseleisuretimeisrelatively16formostworkers，peopleusetheirfreetimetocounterbalancetheintellectualandemotional17oftheirjobs.“WhenIcomehomefromahardday’swork，Ioftenfeel18，”Danahersays，adding，“InaworldinwhichIdon’thavetowork，Imightfeelratherdifferent”—perhapsdifferentenoughtothrowhimself19ahobbyorapassionprojectwiththeintensityusuallyreservedfor20matters.[A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [C] [D][A] [C] [A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A]leave [B]make [C]worry [D]set[A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A][B][C][D][A][B][C][D][A][B][C][D][A][B][C][D][A][B][C][D][答案][C解析：空格之后的宾语从句部分“technologyisreplacinghumanworkers.”结合选项，应该选择warning。其他三项[A]boasting [B]denying [D]ensuring[答案][A][答案][D]prediction空格之后的内容“holdsthatthefuturewillbeawastelandofadifferentsort，”该定语从句是对空格词汇的修饰与说明，既然文中用到了will这一个表示将来时态的助动词，故答案为[答案][A]考点：后置定语+one4bypurposelessness。其他三项均不符合，故排除。5.[答案][B]meaningWithoutjobstogivetheirlives5，peoplewillsimplybecomelazyanddepressed.空格所在句后meaning。[A]wisdom[C]glory[D]freedom这些选项都表示褒义色彩和后面lazy、depressed矛盾。6.[答案][B分析下四个选项可以看出并无体现因果关系故[A]Thus排除，另外instead，nevertheless表示转折语意，但是上下文逻辑并无体现。故[A]Instead [C]Thus [D]Nevertheless7.[答案][COneGalluppollfoundthat20percentofAmericanswhohavebeenunemployedforatleastayearreporthavingdepression，doubletheratefor7Americans.根据上下文对比的语意对照应该workingunemployedworking。8.[答案][A]explanationsomeresearchsuggeststhatthe8forrisingratesofmortality，mental-healthproblems，andaddicting9poorly-educatedmiddle-agedpeopleisshortageofwell-paidjobs.[答案][D 中”表示范围符合此处语义需要[答案][CworryPerhapsthisiswhymany10theagonizingdullnessofajoblessfuture.[答案][C]necessarilyButitdoesn’t 11followfromfindingslikethesethataworldwithoutworkwouldbefilledwithunease.But表示转折语意。doesn'tnecessarily不一定。符合此处语意需要，故为答案。12.[答案][BSuchvisionsarebasedonthe 12ofbeingunemployedinasocietybuiltontheconceptofbeingunemployed[答案][A]Inthe13ofwork，asocietydesignedwithotherendsinmindcould14strikinglydifferentcircumstancesforthefutureoflaborandleisure.[答案][DInthe13ofwork，asocietydesignedwithotherendsinmindcould14strikinglydifferentcircumstancesforthefutureoflaborandleisure该空格所选词汇的主语是asociety宾语是differentcircumstances.yield。语义为：产生。15.[答案][Coverblown.Manyjobsareboring，degradingunhealthyandawasteofhumanpotential，”saysJohnDanaheralecturerattheNationalUniversityofIrelandinGalway.virtue，其他选项均排除。[答案][Dbecauseleisuretimeisrelatively16formostworkers，peopleusetheirfreetimetocounterbalancetheintellectualandemotional17oftheirjobs.结合常识认知及上下文理解应该scarce。[答案][Ademands[答案][B“WhenIcomehomefromahardday’swork，Ioftenfeel18，”Danahersays，adding，“InaworldinwhichIdon’thavetowork，Imightfeelratherdifferent”.[答案][Dperhapsdifferentenoughtothrowhimself19ahobbyorapassionprojectwiththeintensityusuallyreservedfor20matters.“Throwoneselfinto”20.[答案][Bperhapsdifferentenoughtothrowhimselfintoahobbyorapassionprojectwiththeintensityusuallyreservedfor20ensity形成呼应与关联。故此处professional符合语义需要，入选。SectionIIReadingPartAReadthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）EverySaturdaymorning,at9am,morethan50,000runnerssetofftorun5kmaroundtheirlocalpark.TheParkrunphenomenonbeganwithadozenfriendsandhasinspired400eventsintheUKandmoreabroad.Eventsarefree,staffedbythousandsofvolunteers.Runnersrangefromfouryearsoldtograndparents;theirtimesrangefromAndrewBaddeley'sworldrecord13minutes48secondsuptoanhour.ParkrunissucceedingwhereLondon'sOlympic"legacy"isfailing.TenyearsagoonMonday,itwasannouncedthattheGamesofthe30thOlympiadwouldbeinLondon.PlanningdocumentspledgedthatthegreatlegacyoftheGameswouldbetolevelanationofsportloversawayfromtheircouches.Thepopulationwouldbefitter,healthierandproducemorewinners.Ithasnothappened.Thenumberofadultsdoingweeklysportdidrise,bynearly2millionintherun－upto2012－butthegeneralpopulationwasgrowingfaster.Worse,thenumbersarenowfallingatanacceleratingrate.Theoppositionclaimsprimaryschoolpupilsdoingatleasttwohoursofsportaweekhavenearlyhalved.Obesityhasrisenamongadultsandchildren.OfficialretrospectionscontinueastowhyLondon2012failedto"inspireageneration."ThesuccessofParkrunoffersParkunisnotaracebutatimetrial:Youronlycompetitoristheclock.Theethoswelcomesanybody.Thereisasmuchjoyoverapuffed-outfirst-timerbeingclappedoverthelineasthereisabouttoptalentshining.TheOlympicbidders,bycontrast,wantedtogetmorepeopledoingsportsandtoproducemoreeliteathletes.Thedualaimwasmixedup:Thestressonsuccessovertakingpartwasintimidatingfornewcomers.Indeed,thereissomethingalittleabsurdinthestategettinginvolvedintheplanningofsuchafundamentally"grassroots",conceptascommunitysportsassociations.Ifthereisaroleforgovernment,itshouldreallybegettinginvolvedinprovidingcommongoods－makingsurethereisspaceforplayingfieldsandthemoneytopavetennisandnetballcourts,andencouragingtheprovisionofalltheseactivitiesinschools.Butsuccessivegovernmentshavepresidedoversellinggreenspaces,squeezingmoneyfromlocalauthoritiesanddecliningattentiononsportineducation.Insteadofwordy,worthystrategies,futuregovernmentsneedtodomoretoprovidetheconditionsforsporttothrive.Oratleastnotmakethemworse.【题干】AccordingtoParagraph1,ParkrunhasgainedgreatcreatedmanyjobsC．strengthenedcommunitytiesD．becomeanofficialfestival【答案】AccordingtoParagraph1,可以快速的定位到文中的第一段，第一41348秒到其他选项，B创造了很多就业机会；C增强了社会的凝聚力；D成为一个官方的节日；这几个【题干】TheauthorbelievesthatLondon'sOlympic"legacy"hasfailed boostpopulationpromotesportimprovethecity'sincreasesporthoursin【答案】ParkrunissucceedingwhereLondon’sOlympic“legacy”isfailing与题干中的关键词London’sOlympic“legacy”hasfailedto...对应，所以可以锁定文章Olympic的目标，然而，事实却事与愿违，...butthegeneralpopulationwasgrowingfaster.Worse,thenumbersarenowfallingatanacceleratingrate.由这句话可以看出，Olympic并没有推动大众的参与性，与预期B。【题干】ParkrunisdifferentfromOlympicgamesinthat aimsatdiscoveringfocusesonmassdoesnotemphasizedoesnotattractfirst-【答案】ParkrunisdifferentfromOlympicgamesinthat...可以知道这是想考racebutatimetrial.ABAB都和竞争有关，D段的这一句话：thereismuchjoyoverapuffed-outfirst-timerbeingclappedoverthelineasthere【题干】Withregardtomasssporttheauthorholdsthatgovernmentsshouldorganize"grassroots"sportseventsB．superviselocalsportsassociationsincreasefundsforsportsinvestinpublicsports【答案】【解析】由题干中的关键词thegovernmentsshould...,可以知道，命题人想要考察的是对于Parkrun这一项大众运动，政府应该做点什么。所以，考生要快速的定位到原文中有关政府的段落，即第四段，Ifthereisaroleforgovernmentitshouldreallybegettinginvolvedinprovidingcommongoods—makingsurethereisspaceforplayingfieldsandthemoneytopavetennisandnetballcourts,andencouragingtheprovisionofalltheseactivitiesinschools.从这里可以知道，ParkrunA，B，C.D。【题干】Theauthor'sattitudetowhatUKgovernmentshavedoneforsports 【答案】theauthor’sattitudetowhatUKgovernmenthavedoneforsport可24题是有一定联系的。第四段一开始作者Butsuccessivegovernmenthavepresidedoversellinggreenspaces,squeezingmoneyfromlocalauthoritiesanddecliningattentiononsportineducation.B.tolerant:宽容的，容忍的；Withsomuchfocusonchildren’suseofscreens,it'seasyforparentstoforgetabouttheirownscreenuse.“Techisdesignedtoreallysuckonyouin,”saysJennyRadeskyinherstudyofdigitalplay,"anddigitalproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengagement.Itmakesithardtodisengage,andleadstoalotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine.”Radeskyhasstudiedtheuseofmobilephonesandtabletsatmealtimesbygivingmother-childpairsafood-testingexercise.Shefoundthatmotherswhosueddevicesduringtheexercisestarted20percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeirchildren.Duringaseparateobservation,shesawthatphonesbecameasourceoftensioninthefamily.Parentswouldbelookingattheiremailswhilethechildrenwouldbemakingexcitedbidsfortheirattention.Infantsarewiredtolookatparents’facestotrytounderstandtheirworld,andifthosefacesareblankandunresponsive—astheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadevice－itcanbeextremelydisconcertingfoethechildren.Radeskycitesthe“stillfaceexperiment”devisedbydevelopmentalpsychologistEdTronickinthe1970s.Init,amotherisaskedtointeractwithherchildinanormalwaybeforeputtingonablankexpressionandnotgivingthemanyvisualsocialfeedback;Thechildbecomesincreasinglydistressedasshetriestocapturehermother’sattention."Parentsdon'thavetobeexquisitelyparentsatalltimes,butthereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoachild’sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed,"saysOntheotherhand,Tronickhimselfisconcernedthattheworriesaboutkids'useofscreensarebornoutofan“oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbeinteracting”withtheirchildren:“It’sbasedonasomewhatfantasized,verywhite,veryupper-middle-classideologythatsaysifyou’refailingtoexposeyourchildto30,000wordsyouareneglectingthem.”Tronickbelievesthatjustbecauseachildisn’tlearningfromthescreendoesn’tmeanthere’snovaluetoit－particularlyifitgivesparentstimetohaveashower,dohouseworkorsimplyhaveabreakfromtheirchild.Parents,hesays,cangetalotoutofusingtheirdevicestospeaktoafriendorgetsomeworkoutoftheway.Thiscanmakethemfeelhappier,whichletsthenbemoreavailabletotheirchildtherestofthetime.【题干】AccordingtoJennyRadesky,digitalproductsaredesignedto simplifyroutineabsorbuserbetterinterpersonalincreasework【答案】JennyRadesky,可以快速的定位到文中提到此人物的第一段第二JennyRadeskyTechisdesignedtoreallysuckonyouin,anddigitalproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengagementBJennyRadesky的话【题干】Radesky’sfood-testingexerciseshowsthatmothers’useofdevices takesawaybabies’appetiteslowsdownbabies’verbalreducesmother-child【答案】food-testingexercise,mother’suseofdevices.可以快速的定位到第二段第二行:Shefoundthatmotherswhosueddevicesduringtheexercisestarted20percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeirchildren.从这里可以知道，20%的语言交流机会，39%D.减少【题干】Radesky’scitesthe“stillfaceexperiment”toshowthat itiseasyforchildrentogetusedtoblankverbalexpressionsareunnecessaryforemotionalchildrenareinsensitivetochangesintheirparents’parentsneedtorespondtochildren'semotional【答案】Rbut之后，这里提到DAblankexpressions是原文实验里面的具体内容，非实验【题干】TheoppressiveideologymentionedbyTronickrequiresparents protectkidsfromexposuretowildteachtheirkidsatleast30,000wordsaensureconstantinteractionwiththeirremainconcernedaboutkid'suseof【答案】oppressiveideologyTronick定【题干】AccordingtoTronick,kid’suseofscreens givetheirparentssomefreemaketheirparentsmorehelpthemwiththeirhelpthembecomemore【答案】Tronickkid定位kid’suseofscreens“itgivesparentstimeto...”ABcreative并未提及；选Chomeworkhousework进行干扰，原文是父母有时间做家务，而选项是帮Dattentive并未提及。Today,widespreadsocialpressuretoimmediatelygotocollegeinconjunctionwithhighexpectationsinafast-movingworldoftencausesstudentstocompletelyoverlookthepossibilityoftakingagapyear.Afterall,ifeveryoneyouknowisgoingtocollegeinthefall,itseemssillytostaybackayear,doesn'tit?Andaftergoingtoschoolfor12years,itdoesn'tfeelnaturaltospendayeardoingsomethingthatisn’tacademic.Butwhilethismaybetrue,it’snotagoodenoughreasontocondemngapyears.There'salwaysaconstantfearoffallingbehindeveryoneelseonthesociallyperpetuated“racetothefinishline,”whetherthatbetowardgraduateschool,medicalschoolorlucrativecareer.Butdespitecommonmisconceptions,agapyeardoesnothinderthesuccessofacademicpursuits－infact,itprobablyenhancesit.StudiesfromtheUnitedStatesandAustraliashowthatstudentswhotakeagapyeararegenerallybetterpreparedforandperformbetterincollegethanthosewhodonot.Ratherthanpullingstudentsback,agapyearpushesthemaheadbypreparingthemforindependence,newresponsibilitiesandenvironmentalchanges－allthingsthatfirst-yearstudentsoftenstrugglewiththemost.Gapyearexperiencescanlessentheblowwhenitcomestoadjustingtocollegeandbeingthrownintoabrandnewenvironment,makingiteasiertofocusonacademicsandactivitiesratherthanacclimationblunders.Ifyou'renotconvincedoftheinherentvalueintakingayearofftoexploreinterests,thenconsideritsfinancialimpactonfutureacademicchoices.AccordingtotheNationalCenterforEducationStatistics,nearly80percentofcollegestudentsendupchangingtheirmajorsatleastonce.Thisisn’tsurprising,consideringthebasicmandatoryhighschoolcurriculumleavesstudentswithapoorunderstandingofthemselveslistingonemajorontheircollegeapplications,butswitchingtoanotheraftertakingcollegeclasses.It’snotnecessarilyabadthing,butdependingontheschool,itcanbecostlytomakeupcreditsafterswitchingtoolateinthegame.AtBostonCollege,forexample,youwouldhavetocompleteanextrayearwereyoutoswitchtothenursingschoolfromanotherdepartment.Takingagapyeartofigurethingsoutinitiallycanhelppreventstressandsavemoneylateron.【题干】Oneofthereasonsforhigh-schoolgraduatesnottakingagapyearisthattheythinkitacademicallytheyhavealotoffuntoexpectinitfeelsstrangetododifferentlyfromitseemsworthlesstotakeoff-campus【答案】【解析】题目问的是高中毕业生不选择间隔年原因之一是什么。根据题目中的high-school和gapyear和定位到第一段第一句话。这句话后面一句的afterall可以知道后面应该是解释理由了，Afterall,ifeveryoneyouknowisgoingtocollegeinthefall,itseemssillytostaybackayear,doesn'tit?这句话是说如果大家秋天都上大学去了，你要是晚了一年看起来有点傻。这个句子CfeelstrangetododifferentlyfromothersC。【题干】StudiesfromtheUSandAustraliaimplythattakingagapyear keepstudentsfrombeinglowerrisksinchoosingeasefreshmen’sfinancialrelievefreshmenof【答案】studyfromtheAustraliaandUSStudiesfromtheUnitedStatesandAustraliashowthatstudentswhotakeagapyeararegenerallybetterpreparedforandperformbetterincollegethanthosewhodonot.。这句话明确说了有间隔年的句在表现好的更细致地方面进行了描述：preparingthemforindependence独立性,newresponsibilities责任感andenvironmentalchanges环境变化。紧随的破折号后总结说了这是first-yearstudents一年级学生oftenstrugglewiththemost常常有苦恼的。说明最受益的是大D。【题干】Theword“acclimation”（Line8,Para.3）isclosestinmeaning 【答案】【解析】这题根据题干中给的信息，到第三段最后一句中去找答案，Gapyearexperiencescan...whenitcomestoadjustingtocollege...,makingiteasierto...ratherthanacclimationblunders.A为正确答案。【题干】Agapyearmaysavemoneyforstudentsbyhelping avoidacademicfailuresB．establishlong-termgoalsswitchtoanotherdecideontheright【答案】consideritsfinancialimpactonfutureacademicchoices。FinancialsavemoneyacademicchoicesAB。根据最后一段第三句...students...listingonemajorontheircollegeapplications,butswitchingtoanotheraftertakingcollegeclasses.所以第一句中的academicchoicesD【题干】ThemostsuitabletitleforthistextwouldbeInFavoroftheGapTheABCsoftheGapTheGapYearComesTheGapYear:A【答案】Butwhilethismaybetrue,it'snotagoodenoughreasontocondemnA。Thoughoftenviewedasaproblemforwesternstates,thegrowingfrequencyofwildfiresisanationalconcernbecauseofitsimpactonfederaltaxdollars,saysProfessorMaxMoritz,aspecialistinfireecologyandmanagement.In2015,theUSForestServiceforthefirsttimespentmorethanhalfofits$5.5billionannualbudgetfightingfires－nearlydoublethepercentageitspentonsuchefforts20yearsago.Ineffect,fewerfederalfundstodayaregoingtowardstheagency'sotherwork－suchasforestconservation,watershedandculturalresourcesmanagement,andinfrastructureupkeep－thataffectthelivesofallAmericans.Anothernationwideconcerniswhetherpublicfundsfromotheragenciesaregoingintoconstructioninfire-pronedistricts.AsMoritzputsit,howoftenarefederaldollarsbuildinghomesthatarelikelytobelosttoawildfire?“It’salreadyahugeproblemfromapublicexpenditureperspectiveforthewholecountry,”hesays.Weneedtotakeamagnifyingglasstothat.Like,“Waitaminute,isthisOK?”“Dowewantinsteadtoredirectthosefundstoconcentrateonlower-hazardpartsofthelandscape?”SuchaviewwouldrequireacorrespondingshiftinthewayUSsocietytodayviewsfire,researchersForonething,conversationsaboutwildfiresneedtobemoreinclusive.Overthepastdecade,thefocushasbeenonclimatechange－howthewarmingoftheEarthfromgreenhousegasesisleadingtoconditionsthatworsenfires.Whileclimateisakeyelement,Moritzsays,itshouldn’tcomeattheexpenseoftherestofthe“Thehumansystemsandthelandscapesweliveonarelinked,andtheinteractionsgobothways,"hesays.Failingtorecognizethat,henotes,leadsto"anoverlysimplifiedviewofwhatthesolutionsmightbe.Ourperceptionoftheproblemandofwhatthesolutionisbecomesverylimited.”Atthesametime,peoplecontinuetotreatfireasaneventthatneedstobewhollycontrolledandunleashedonlyoutofnecessity,saysProfessorBalchattheUniversityofColorado.Butacknowledgingfire'sinevitablepresenceinhumanlifeisanattitudecrucialtodevelopingthelaws,policies,andpracticesthatmakeitassafeaspossible,shesays.“We’vedisconnectedourselvesfromlivingwithfire,”Balchsays.“Itisreallyimportanttounderstandandtryandteaseoutwhatisthehumanconnectionwithfiretoday.”【题干】Morefrequentwildfireshavebecomeanationalconcernbecausein2015theyexhaustedunprecedentedmanagementconsumedarecord-highpercentageofseverelydamagedtheecologyofwesterncausedahugeriseofinfrastructure【答案】【解析】本题目是原因细节题。根据题干的关键词wildfiresnationalconcern，以及时间词2015USbudgetBbudget原词复highconsumeMaxMoritzCwesternstatesthough从句内【题干】Moritzcallsfortheuseof"amagnifyingglass"to raisemorefundsforfire-proneavoidtheredirectionoffederalfindwildfire-freepartsofthelandscapeD．guaranteesaferspendingofpublicfunds【答案】amagnifyingglassMoritz定位到第四段第二句，目的就是最后一句。本句提到“toredirectthosefunds”，基金重新引导，本段首句也提及ahugeproblemfrom...publicexpenditureD的guaranteesaferspendingAfundraisepartsofthelandscape的偷换概念。【题干】WhileadmittingthatclimateisakeyelementMoritznotesthatpublicdebateshavenotsettledyetB．fire-fightingconditionsareimprovingC．otherfactorsshouldnotbeoverlookedD．ashiftintheviewoffirehastaken【答案】climateisakeyelement及大写字Moritz定位到第7段的内容。本句中Moritz提到“shouldnotcomeattheexpenseoftheequation”A中的不应该忽视其他因素是对本句的同义转化Bconditions6conditionsthatworsenfires，偷换动词requirehastakenplace。【题干】TheoverlysimplifiedviewMoritzmentionsisaresultoffailingtodiscoverthefundamentalmakeupofexplorethemechanismofthehumanmaximizetheroleoflandscapeinhumanlifeD．understandtheinterrelationsofmanandnature【答案】simplifiedviewMoritz8段的首句，“thehumansystemsandthelandscapes...arelinkedandtheinteractionsgobothways”,人类与环Dinteractions是原文的原词复现，manandnature同义替换原文的humanandlandscapesAB的humansystemsmechanismClandscapehuman是原词出现，但添加maximize。【题干】ProfessorBalchpointsoutthatfireissomethingmanshoulddoawaycometotermspayapricekeepaway【答案】定位到最后一段的最后一句，“importanttounderstand...humanconnectionwithfire”，人与火BAdoawaywith是废除；CpayapriceforDkeepawayfrom远离。PartBReadthefollowingtextandmatcheachofthenumbereditemsintheleftcolumntoitscorrespondinginformationintherightcolumn.Therearetwoextrachoicesintherightcolumn.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）ThedeclineinAmericanmanufacturingisacommonrefrain,particularlyfromDonaldTrump."Wedon'tmakeanythinganymore,"hetoldFoxNews,whiledefendinghisownmade-in-Mexicoclothingline.Withoutquestion,manufacturinghastakenasignificanthitduringrecentdecades,andfurthertradedealsraisequestionsaboutwhethernewshockscouldhitmanufacturing.ButthereisalsoadifferentwaytolookattheAcrossthecountry,factoryownersarenowgrapplingwithanewchallenge:insteadofhavingtoomanyworkers,theymayendupwithtoofew.Despitetradecompetitionandoutsourcing,Americanmanufacturingstillneedstoreplacetensofthousandsofretiringboomerseveryyears.Millennialsmaynotbethatinterestedintakingtheirplace,otherindustriesarerecruitingthemwithsimilarorbetterpay.Forfactoryowners,italladdsuptostiffcompetitionforworkers－andupwardpressureonwages."They'rehardertofindandtheyhavejoboffers,"saysJayDunwell,presidentofWolverineCoilSpring,afamily-ownedfirm,"Theymaybecoming[intotheworkforce],butthey'vebeenpluckedbyotherindustriesthatarealsodoinganwellasmanufacturing,"Mr.Dunwellhasbegunbringinghighschooljuniorstothefactorysotheycangetexposedtoitsculture.AtRoManManufacturing,amakerofelectricaltransformersandweldingequipmentthathisfathercofoundedin1980,RobertRothkeepacloseeyeontheageofhisnearly200workers,fiveareretiringthisyear.Mr.Rothhasthreecommunity-collegestudentsenrolledinawork-placementprogram,withastartingwageof$13anhourthatrisesto$17aftertwoyears.Ataworktableinsidethetransformerplant,youngJasonStenquistlooksflusteredbythecoilshe'stryingtoassembleandthearrivaloftwovisitors.It'shisfirstweekonthejob.Askedabouthischoiceofcareer,hesaysathighschoolheconsideredmedicalschoolbeforeswitchingtoelectricalengineering."Iloveworkingwithtools.Ilovecreating."hesays.Buttowinovertheseyoungworkers,manufacturershavetoclearanothermajorhurdle:parents,wholivedthroughtheworstUSeconomicdownturnsincetheGreatDepression,tellingthemtoavoidthefactory.Millennials"remembertheirfatherandmotherbothwerelaidoff.Theyblameitonthemanufacturingrecession,"saysBirgitKlohs,chiefexecutiveofTheRightPlace,abusinessdevelopmentagencyforwesternMichigan.Theseconcernsaren'tmisplaced:Employmentinmanufacturinghasfallenfrom17millionin1970to12millionin2013.Whentherecoverybegan,workershortagesfirstappearedinthehigh-skilledtrades.Nowshortagesareappearingatthemid-skilllevels."Thegapisbetweenthejobsthattaketoskillsandthosethatrequirealotofskill,"saysRobSpohr,abusinessprofessoratMontcalmCommunityCollege."There'reenoughpeopletofillthejobsatMcDonaldsandotherplaceswhereyoudon'tneedtohavemuchskill.It'sthatgapinbetween,andthat'swheretheproblemis."JulieParksofGrandRapidsCommunitypointstoanotherkeytoluringMillennialsintomanufacturing:awork/lifebalance.Whiletheirparentswerecontenttoworklonghours,youngpeoplevalueflexibility."Overtimeisnotattractivetothisgeneration.Theyreallywanttolivetheirlives,"shesays.[A]saysthatheswitchedtoelectricalengineeringbecausehelovesworkingJay[B]pointsoutthatthereareenoughpeopletofillthejobsthatdon’tneedmuchskill。Jason[C]pointsoutthattheUSdoesn’tmanufactureanythinganymore。Birgit[D]believesthatitisimportanttokeepacloseeyeontheageofhisworkers。Rob[E]saysthatforfactoryowners， workersarehardertofindbecauseofstiffcompetition。45.Julie[F]pointsoutthatawork/lifebalancecanattractyoungpeopleintomanufacturing。[G]saysthatthemanufacturingrecessionistoblameforthelay-offtheyoungpeople’sparents。Jay定位文中“They’rehardertofindandtheyhavejoboffers,”他们很难发现他们有工作邀请。harder对应选项stiff(艰难地)根据题干人名JasonStenquist对应文中“Iloveworkingwithtools.Ilovecreating,”hesays.我爱与工具打交道，我喜欢创新，tool对应选项tool根据题干人名BirgitKlohs，定位文中“remembertheirfatherandmotherbothwerelaidoff.Theyblameitonthemanufacturingrecession,”记住他们的爸爸妈妈都下岗了，他们归因于生产萧条。文中blame对应选项blame根据人名RobSpohr,对应文中Thegapisbetweenthejobsthattakenoskillsandthosethatrequirealotofskill,”saysRobSpohr,工作之间的差距是那个不需要技能，而那些需要很多技能。文中skill对应选项skill（技能）Julie的观点，对应文中“We’veneverhadsomuchattentionfrommanufacturers.”我从没有得到过这么多来自制造商的注意，attraction对应选项attract（吸引）SectionIIITranslationReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChin