2024届广东省梅州市高三下学期高考英语试题（二模）

2024届广东省梅州市高三下学期高考英语试题（二模）本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。因笔试不考听力，试卷从第二部分开始，试题序号从“21”开始2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑：如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案：不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFreeCommunitySwapContact:CatherineCrawford,(718)809-1603JonKlar,(646)530-0381NewYorkerslookingtoreduce,reuse,andsavemoneythisyearareinvitedtoparticipateinStop‘N’Swap,afreecommunityeventorganizedbylocalnonprofitGrowNYC.TheaverageNYChouseholdthrowsawayabout2,000poundsofwasteayear.ByreusingthrougheventslikeStop’N’Swap,NYCresidentscantakepartinsavingover40millionpoundsofmaterialfromlandfilleveryyear.Takeabreakfromshopping,supportacleanerfuture,andjointheever-growingreusecommunity!WHAT:FreeStop‘N’SwapCommunityReuseEventWHEN:February19th,12pm-3pmWHERE:BronxWorksClassicCommunityCenter—286East156thStreet,Bronx,NY10451Thepublicisinvitedtobringcleanandreusableitems.Nooneisrequiredtobringsomethingtotakesomething—youcansimplyshowupwithabagandseewhat’sfreeforthetaking.Books,toys,clothing,andelectronicsarejustsomeoftheofferings.Furnitureandotherlargeitemsarenotacceptedattheswap.Anythingleftoverattheendofthedayisdonatedorrecycled.Stop‘N’SwapshavedevelopedaregularfollowingamongenvironmentallyconsciousNewYorkers.Afteralmosttwoyearswithoutswaps,GrowNYChassetagoalofhostingoneswapineachofthecity’s59communitydistrictseachyear,providingopportunitiestomakeNYCtrulylivable—aplacewhereeverypersoncanenjoyahealthierlife.21．WhatshouldyoudotogetmoreinformationfromCatherine?A．Call(646)530-0381. B．Call(718)809-1603.C．. D．Visit286East156thStreet,Bronx.22．WhatitemsareunacceptableattheStop‘N’Swap?A．Dry-as-dustbooks. B．Old-fashionedclothes.C．Out-of-dateelectronics. D．Second-handfurniture.23．WhatistheaimofGrowNYC’sStop‘N’Swaps?A．TomakeNYCabetterplacetolive.B．ToenrichNewYorkers’communitylife.C．ToreducethecostofdealingwithwasteinNYC.D．Toencouragedistrictstocompeteinsustainability.BAtfirstlook,theplaygroundattheChildren’sGuild-TransformationAcademyinBaltimore,Maryland,lookslikeanyother.Ithasswings,slides,andplacesforchildrentoclimbandcrawl.Buttheplaygroundisnotjustaplaceforfun.Itisalsoaplacewherestudentscanlearn,growandgainindependence.Everything—fromthekindofsurfaceitsitson,tothecolorofitssittingareas,totheplacementofthesurroundingfence—isspecificallydesignedforkidswithautism(自闭症).MarkRapaportisthemanagingdirectorofautismservicesattheTransformationAcademy.Hesaidtheschoolacceptsstudentsaged5to21withautismspectrumdisorder(ASD)andarelowerfunctioning.RapaportsaidthegoalofTransformationAcademyistomakethestudentsasindependentaspossibleinanefforttohelpthemprepareforadultlife.Theschoolaimstoprovidehelpwithdevelopingcommunicationandsocialskills,aswellaspracticalabilitieslikecleaningorcooking.TheplaygrounddesignedbyMarylandcompanyrks@Play,usingstructuresmanufacturedbyLandscapeStructures,Inc.,tookamonthtodevelop,saidDanHack.Heworksforrks@Playandhelpedleadtheplayground’sdesign.Hacksaidheandothersspentweeksgettingtoknowthestudentsandunderstandingtheirneedsbeforeanybuildingwasstarted.Thedesignprocessinvolvedphysicaltherapists,occupationaltherapists,andotherspecialists.Thehuge$500,000projectwasfundedwithsupportfromthestateofMarylandandthenonprofitOrokawaFoundation.Partsoftheplaygroundthatseemsmallareveryimportantforchildrenwithautismandotherdisabilities.Thesurroundingfenceextendsintoawoodedareatomakeitseemmoreopen.Andthegroundundertheplayareasismadeofsoft,butsolidmaterialstosupportstudentsusingwheelchairsorcrutches.Thebenchesontheoutsideoftheplaygroundlooksimplefromfaraway,butare“oneofourmostinclusivesensory”elements,Hacksaid.Theyhavemanydifferentcolorsthatbringaboutfeelingsofcalmandcuriosity.Theyarealsomadewithsmoothmaterialthatcanbefeltandmoved.Theacademy’sRapaportsaidifachildstartstofeeluneasy,theycansitdownandfeelthebench,whichcanhelpthemrelax.24．WhyistheplaygroundinBaltimoredesignedwithspecialmaterials?A．Tomakeitsuperiortootherplaygrounds. B．Tobetterservechildrenwithautism.C．Toimprovethequalityoftheplayground. D．Tomakeiteasierforkidstoclimbandcrawl.25．Whatcanwelearnfromtheplaygroundproject?A．Ittookamonthtocompletetheproject. B．Thedesignprocessissimpleandeasy.C．Theresultoftheprojectisuncertain. D．It’samoney-consumingproject.26．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thescaleandthestructureoftheplayground.B．Waysforkidstofreefromthestressandrelaxthemselves.C．Theunderlyinglogicandreasonablefactorsoftheplayground.D．Theadvantagesoftheplaygroundforautismanddisabledkids.27．WhichbestdescribestheplaygroundinBaltimore?A．Advanced. B．Environmental-friendly. C．Functional. D．Convenient.CNewfindingssuggestthatwhenitcomestolearning,thesnakemaybequiteabitlikehumans.DavidHoltzman,ascientistattheUniversityofRochester,hasfoundthatsnakeshaveamuchgreatercapacityforlearningthanearlierstudieshadindicated.Holtzman’sstudychallenged24snakestoescapefromablackplasticcontainerthesizeofachild’spool.Cardsmountedonthecontainer’swallsandtapeonitsfloorprovidedthesnakeswithvisualandtouchablesignalstofindtheirgoal:holesinthecontainer’sbottomthatofferadark,comfortablespottohide.Simplyfallingintoaholeisn’ttheonlyproofthatthesnakesarelearningsomething,though.“Speedtofindthatgoalisoneofthemeasureswhichshowsthey’relearning,”Holtzmansays.“Onaverage,theytakeover700secondstofindthecorrectholeonthefirstdayoftraining,andthengodowntoabout400secondsbythefourthdayoftraining.Someareactuallyveryfastandfinditinlessthan30seconds.”Studiesdatingbacktothe1950sinterpretedsnakes’awkwardnesswithmazes(迷宫)asapoorreflectionontheirintelligence.“Earlyattemptstostudysnakeintelligencewereproblematicbecausethestudiesusedmazesastestingarenas(场地)——asthoughsnakesmightbeexpectedtorunthroughmazesinthesamewaymicerunthroughmazes,”saysPeterKareiva,aprofessorofzoology.“Snakesdonotencounteranythinglikemazesinnature,andtheydonotlearnhowtorunmazesinlaboratoryconditions.”Holtzmanalsofoundafewage-baseddifferencesinthesignalsthesnakesuse.Youngsnakesappeartobemoreadaptableandresourceful,usingavarietyofcluestofindtheirwaytotheexit.Buttheireldersseemtorelymuchmoreheavilyonvisualclues.“Actually,oneoftheamazingfindingsfromourstudiesisthatsnakesdousevisioninlocatingplaces,”saysHoltzman.“Theydon’tjustrelyonthechemicalcluespickedupbystickingtheirtonguesout,asmanysnakebiologistsassume.”28．Whatisthefunctionofthecardsandtape?A．Todirectthesnakestotheexits. B．Toprotectthesnakesfrombrightlights.C．Tocovertheholesatthecontainer’sbottom. D．Tomakethecontaineracomfortablespottostay.29．Whatdothedatainparagraph3showaboutthesnakesaccordingtoHoltzman?A．Theyareskillfulescapers. B．Theyaregoodlearners.C．Theycommunicatewitheachother. D．Theyadapttoenvironmentsquickly.30．Whatwastheproblemwithearlyattemptstostudysnakeintelligence?A．Theychosethewrongtestingarenas.B．Theyfailedtodotestsinlaboratoryconditions.C．Theyreferredtostudiesdatingbacktothe1950s.D．Theycomparedsnakeswithadifferentkindofanimal.31．WhatastonishesHoltzmanaboutsnakes?A．Theyrelyonsighttofindtheirway.B．Theyleavechemicalclueseverywhere.C．Theyoungbeattheireldersinmanyways.D．Theirtonguesareunabletorecognizechemicalclues.DResearchledbyecologistBartHoekstraoftheUniversityofAmsterdamshowsthatbirdsareaffectedbythemassuseoffireworksonNewYear’sEveuptoadistanceof10km(6miles)away.Withdatafromweatherradarsandbirdcountsaninternationalteamofresearchersrevealedhowmanybirdstakeoffimmediatelyafterthestartofthefireworks,atwhatdistancefromfireworksthisoccursandwhichspeciesgroupsmainlyreact.“Birdstakeoffasaresultofanacuteflightresponseduetosuddennoiseandlight.Wealreadyknewthatmanywaterbirdsreactstrongly,butnowwealsoseetheeffectonotherbirdsthroughouttheNetherlands,”saysecologistBartHoekstraoftheUniversityofAmsterdam.InthescientificjournalFrontiersinEcologyandtheEnvironment,heresearchersthereforeargueforlargefireworks-freezones.Lastyear,otherresearchersatIBEDdiscoveredthatgeesearesoaffectedbyfireworksthattheyspendanaverageof10%longerlookingforfoodthannormalduringatleastthenext11days.Theyapparentlyneedthattimetorestoretheirenergytotheirformercondition,afterfleeingfromthefireworks.Because62%ofallbirdsintheNetherlandslivewithinaradiusof2.5kmofinhabitedareas,theconsequencesoffireworksarehighforallbirdsthroughoutthecountry.“Flyingrequiresalotofenergy,soideallybirdsshouldbedisturbedaslittleaspossibleduringthecoldwintermonths.Measurestoensurethisareespeciallyimportantinopenareassuchasgrasslands,wheremanylargerbirdsspendthewinter.Theeffectsoffireworksonbirdsarelesspronouncednearforestsandsemi-openhabitats.Inaddition,smallerbirdssuchastitsandfincheslivethere,whicharelesslikelytoflyawayfromdisturbance.”Theauthorsargueforfireworks-freezonesinareaswherelargebirdslive.Hoekstra:“Thesebufferzonescouldbesmallerinareaswherelightandsoundtravellessfar,suchasnearforests.Furthermore,fireworksshouldmainlybelitatcentrallocationsinbuilt-upareas,asfarawayfrombirdsaspossible.Itwouldbebestforbirdsifwemovedtowardslightshowswithoutsound,suchasdroneshowsordecorativefireworkswithoutveryloudbangs.”32．Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearch?A．It’sthefirstoneaboutfireworks’effectsonbirds.B．It’sconductedbycollectingdatafromweatherradars.C．Itshowstheextentofthefireworks’influenceonbirds.D．ItkeepstrackofbirdsthroughoutNetherlandsandbeyond.33．Whydidgeesespendmoretimelookingforfood?A．Tofindaplacewithoutfireworks. B．Tostoremorefoodincase.C．Tofindanewsourceofenergy. D．Tomakeupforthelostenergy.34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pronounced”inPara.4mean?A．Predictable. B．Noticeable. C．Admirable. D．Avoidable.35．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Fireworksintheworld B．Fireworks-freezonesC．Panicintheair D．Birdsthroughoutthecountry第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itcanbestressfultodeliveraspeechinfrontofpeople.Whatdoyousay?Howdoyoucatchpeople’sattention?Whatdoyoudoifyoumessup?36Youcanusethefollowingbasicsabouttheartofpublicspeakingtohelpyouovercomethesechallengesandbeagoodspeaker.PointeverythingbacktothecentralideaBeforeyoubeginyourspeech,figureoutyourcoremessage.37Itmakesiteasiertodecidewhattosayandithelpsyoumakeeveryotherdecision,fromthestructuretothespecificstoriesandconcreteimagesthatyouinclude.38Tomakeyourpresentationmemorable,youcantryusing“stickystories”inyourspeeches—honest,vividanecdotes(逸闻)withdetailsthatengagethesensesofsight,sound,smell,tasteandtouch.Peoplerememberstoriesandimages.PracticeinfrontofpeoplePracticingyourspeechcaneasefeelingsofnervousnessandhelpyouadjustyourpresentation.Askafriendorafamilymembertolistentoyouasyoupractice.Youcanalsotakeavoicememowithyourphoneandplayitbacktoyourself.39SlowdownandstartagainIfsomethingunexpectedhappensinthemoment—sayyoustumble(结巴)orloseyourplace—pauseorslowdown.Takeadeepbreathandgobacktothebeginningofasentenceorrestatethewordyoustumbledon.Anddon’tworry,peopledon’tnoticethosepausesasmuchasyouthinktheydo.40Thepointistosetyourselfupforsuccess,notperfection.A．Avoidbigwordsandlongsentences.B．Usevividimageryandstorytelling.C．Theseproblemswilldriveyoumad.D．Evenifsomeonedoesnotice,that’sOK,too.E．Thenmakesurealltheideasinyourspeechpointbacktoit.F．There’salsoachancetopracticeshortspeechesonimportanttopics.G．Bydoingso,youcangetsupportivefeedbacktoimproveyourspeech.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Twentyyearsago,Iwasmonthsintomyfirstjobatastart-upindependentpublishingcompanyinNewYork.Oneafternoon,I41atrainwithaloadofhot-off-the-presscatalogues(目录簿),ourfirsttolisteveryoneofourtitles.Iwasonmywayto42myaunt,who’dagreedto43themtoherfriends.Backthen,Iwasmuchless44;somehowImadeitonthetrainbutIhadn’thadtimetobuya45.IfiguredI’dbuyoneonboard.Whentheconductorcametostandnexttome,Iopenedmy46andfoundnothinginside.Theydidn’t47creditcardsbackthen.Iwastoldtogetoffatthenextstation.48,themannexttomehanded$15totheconductor.Iwasbeyondgratefuland49:IpromisedhimIwouldsendhimacheck,whichhe50.Imadehimwritedownhisaddress,though.Later,Iwroteacheck,51itinaletter,andsentitoff.Iexpressedmy52againandincludedmyemailaddress.Soonheemailedmeandwe53alastingfriendship.That54actionhasstayedwithme.Thinkingaboutthatday,I55myselftobemuchkindertostrangersandtofocusonthegoodinpeople.41．A．cameacross B．rushedonto C．passedby D．lookedfor42．A．visit B．help C．rescue D．introduce43．A．return B．explain C．connect D．distribute44．A．determined B．objective C．organized D．professional45．A．ticket B．card C．gift D．book46．A．parcel B．wallet C．envelope D．bottle47．A．cancel B．reject C．provide D．accept48．A．Naturally B．Unexpectedly C．Doubtfully D．Disagreeably49．A．embarrassed B．disturbed C．annoyed D．dissatisfied50．A．gaveaway B．checkedout C．laughedoff D．sentback51．A．lost B．unfolded C．noticed D．enclosed52．A．appreciation B．admiration C．amazement D．approval53．A．destroyed B．inspired C．formed D．reported54．A．romantic B．generous C．emergent D．symbolic55．A．force B．allow C．warn D．remind第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheGuangdongLionDance,anationaltraditionpopularinFoshanandGuangzhou,isatypicalSouthernLionDance.Liondancing56(date)backthousandsofyears,totheTangDynasty,andalegendabouttheemperorhavingadream57alionsavedhislife.Andlaterit58(introduce)tothesouthbymigrantsfromthenorth.TheGuangdongLionDancedevelopedinto59(it)modernformduringtheMingDynasty(AD1368-1644).InChinesetradition,peopleregardthelionas60symbolofbravenessandstrength,whichcandriveawayevilandprotecthumansandlivestock.Liondancing61(main)focusesontheperformanceoftheliondance,attachingmuchattentiontomovements62scratchinganitch(抓痒),shakingthemane(鬃毛)andlicking(舔)thehair.TheGuangdongLionDance,a63(combine)ofmartialarts,danceandmusic,ispopularnotonlyinGuangdongandGuangxiprovinces,butalsoamongoverseasChineseinSoutheastAsiancountries,64(make)itaculturalbridgeforoverseasChinesekeepingintouchwiththeirnationalroots.Itisconsideredtobeatraditionwithfar-reachingculturalvalue.LunarNewYearistheperfecttime65(share)andcelebratethatcultureandheritage.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你所负责的校烹饪社团将举办主题为“MySpecialtyDish(我最拿手的一道菜)”的活动。请你给外教Chris写一封邮件，邀请他参加此次活动，内容包括：1．活动时间、地点；2．活动内容。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右：2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearChris,Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItisahotsunnySaturdaymorningonthefarm.Maya,DuksieandDoobiearehelpingMamaKinhervegetablegarden.Thechildrenworkallmorning.MamaKalwaysgivesthechildrenatreatforhelpingher.Sometimesit’scakeorchocolate;sometimesit’sapples,pearsororanges.MamaKhasonlyonerule.“Shareitfair!”Thechildrenknowtheymustsharethetreatsequally,sotheyallgetthesameamount.TodayMamaKhasbakedaroundstrawberrycakewithpinkicing(糖霜)andberriesfromhergarden.Thechildrenwaitonthegrassfortheirtreat.“Hereyougo!”smilesMamaK.“Butremembertherule.Shareitfair!”Mayahasthefirstturntosharethecake.Sheusestheknifetodrawlinesintheicing.Theotherswatchher.Shedoesnotcutthecakeyet.Theothersmustfirstagreeifherwayisfair.“IthinkIwillmaketwocutsdownlikethis.Nowwehavethreeslices,allthesame!”Mayashowsthem.Thereisonelineontheleftandtheotherontheright.“Noway!”saysDuksie.“Theoneinthemiddleismuchtoobig!”Doobiealsoshakeshishead.MayalaughsandtellsDuksietotry.“Passmetheknife.I’lldoit,”saysDuksie.FirstsherubsoutMaya’spatternintheicing,andthenshemakesonecutacrossandonedown.“Look,Ihavemademythreeslices!”“That’snotfair!”shoutMayaandDoobietogether.“Whydon’tyoutry,Doobie?”saysDuksie.“Ibetyoucan’tdoit!”“Iwishthecakewasasquare,andthenitwouldbeeasy!”saysDoobiethoughtfully.Andthen!ApicturecomesintoDoobie’shead.Heseesthesilverbadge(标识)atthefrontofhisfather’sbigredBenztruck.“I’vegotit!I’vegotit!Iknowhowtodoit,”shoutsDoobie.“Howdidyouworkitout?”Mayaasks.Doobiesmilestohimself.Fornowit’shissecret.Later,hewilltellhisdad.注意：1．续写词数应为150左右：2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。FirstDoobieusesaknifetosmoothDuksie’slinesintheicing.WithMamaK’sencouragement,Mayatakescharge,expertlycuttingalongDoobie’slinestomakethreeequalslices.答案第二部分：阅读理解第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）21-25BD