浙江省环大罗山联盟2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题

绝密★考试结束前2023学年第二学期温州环大罗山联盟期末联考高二年级英语学科试题考生须知:1.本卷共8页满分150分,考试时间120分钟。2.答题前,在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。3.所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在试卷上无效。选择题部分第一部分:听力（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一小题,从题中所给的A、B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttoget?A.Tapwater.B.Atable.C.Atennisball.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Buyingmaterials.B.Paintingapicture.C.Preparingforanartlesson.3.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.Threedollars.B.Fivedollars.C.Sevendollars.4Whatdoesthemansayabouttherestaurant?A.Thewaiterswerenoisy.B.Thefoodwasnothisthing.C.Theatmospherewasfriendly.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inahotel.B.Inthepublichouse.C.Inasupermarket.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟。听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Managerandsecretary.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestaddingtothepresentation?A.Morefacts.B.Morefigures.C.Morepictures.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Theman'shouse.B.Theeffectsofglobalwarming.C.Theman'sjob.9.Whatisalwaysniceaccordingtotheman?A.Animalscangetmorefood.B.Greencanbeseenallyearround.C.Helivesbythesea.10.Whatcouldfarmersgrowbefore?A.Grass.B.Vegetables.C.Trees.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.WhenwillSingingwithGuitarfinishtonight?A.At8:00.B.At9:00.C.At10:00.12.WhatwillthemandoonWednesday?A.Singfolksongs.B.Watchaperformance.C.Meetajournalist.13.Wherewillthemanprobablygonext?A.Thestudentservicesoffice.B.Theschoolhall.C.Thelectureroom.听第9段材科,回答第14至17题。14.Whatistheaimofthecampaign?A.ToremindpeopleofEarthDay.B.Toencouragepeopletoreducegarbage.C.Towarnpeopleofthebadeffectsofpollution.15.Whatwillbethetaskonthesecondday?A.Plantingtrees.B.Designingposters.C.Collectinggarbage.16.Whatdoesthemanexpecttheteacherstodo?A.Paintpaper.B.Stopdrivingcars.C.Decorateclassrooms.17.HowdoesSarafindtheman'sideas?A.Ridiculous.B.Confusing.C.Wonderful.听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.Whatdidthespeakerpersuadetheschooltodotoraisemoney?A.Organizeaconcert.B.Collecttherubbish.C.Sellsecondhandbooks.19.Howmuchmoredidtheactiongroupneedaftercollectingmoneyforsixmonths?A.£15,000.B.£10,000.C.£5,000.20.Whatwasmostmunitymembers'attitudetowardsusingXcite?A.Concerned.B.Uncaring.C.Approving.第二部分阅读理解（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项,AManypeoplesayartisgrandsotheyareafraidoftouchingthetopic.However,artcanhelpusdevelopoursenseofaesthetics(美学).Herearesomeremendedbooksforyoutoopenthedoortoart.●TheSecretLivesofColorbyKassiaSt.ClairInthisbook,Clairtellsreadersaboutunusualstoriesof75amazingcolors.Itincludesimportantusesofthesecolorsandtheirculturalsymbolism.Byreadingthisbook,youwillgetabetterappreciationforcolorsandlearnhowtousethemmoreappropriatelyinpractice.●HowtoBeanArtistbyJerrySaltzDoyoudreamofbeinganartistbuthavenobasicknowledgeaboutart?Thisbookcanhelpyou.Saltzshareshisinsightsaboutwhat’sreallyimportantforartiststoknow.Meanwhile,healsogivesreadersadviceandsharespromptsandrulesforthemtofollow.●ThePracticeandScienceofDrawingbyHaroldSpeedInthisbook,Speednotonlyteachesreadersdifferentdrawingtechniquesbutalsoshowshowtoachievetheirartisticvision.Speedalsoquestionsandchallengesthedefinitionofart,allowingreaderstothinkmoredeeplyaboutwhatitmeanstodraw.●TheMasterGuidetoDrawingAnimebyChristopherHartIfyouwanttobeananimationartist,thenthebookisquitesuitableforyou.Itgivessomecharacterframeworksforsixmostpopulartypesofcartooncharacters.Thenyoucanfollowthebook’sdetailedinstructionstofinishthecharactersstepbystep.1.WhatdoTheSecretLivesofColorandHowtoBeanArtisthaveinmon?A.Botharepresentedintheformofstorytelling.B.Bothshowtheworksoffamousartistsinhistory.C.Bothprovidepracticalartisticguidanceforreaders.D.Bothexploretherelationshipbetweenartandculture.2.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSpeed’sbook?A.Mindstirring. B.Timeeffective.C.Challengefree. D.Energysaving.3.What’sthepurposeofwritingthetext?A.Tohighlightthesignificanceofarteducation.B.Toremendsuitablebooksforartbeginners.C.Todevelopreaders’artisticskillsandappreciation.D.Todiscussvariousarttechniquesandapplications【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要为艺术初学者提供一些书籍，通过阅读这些书籍，可以打开艺术的大门，提高自己的审美能力。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章“TheSecretLivesofColorbyKassiaSt.Clair”部分的内容“Byreadingthisbook,youwillgetabetterappreciationforcolorsandlearnhowtousethemmoreappropriatelyinpractice.(通过阅读这本书，你会对颜色有更好的欣赏，并学会如何在实践中更恰当地使用它们。)”可知，这本书里讲述了如何在实践中使用颜色；而“HowtoBeanArtistbyJerrySaltz”部分内容“Meanwhile,healsogivesreadersadviceandsharespromptsandrulesforthemtofollow.(同时，他也会给读者一些建议，分享一些提示和规则供他们遵循。)”提到作者在书中提供了建议，提示和规则，以供实际参考。由此可推知，两本书的共同点是：都为读者提供了实用性的可操作的艺术指导。故选C项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据文章“ThePracticeandScienceofDrawingbyHaroldSpeed”部分内容“Inthisbook,Speednotonlyteachesreadersdifferentdrawingtechniquesbutalsoshowshowtoachievetheirartisticvision.Speedalsoquestionsandchallengesthedefinitionofart,allowingreaderstothinkmoredeeplyaboutwhatitmeanstodraw.(在这本书中，Speed不仅教会了读者不同的绘画技巧，还展示了如何实现他们的艺术愿景。Speed还质疑和挑战了艺术的定义，让读者更深入地思考绘画意味着什么。)”可知，作者Speed在书中教给读者绘画技巧，展示了如何实现艺术愿景，同时提出了质疑和挑战，给读者空间开放性思考绘画的意义。由此可推知，这本书是一本能够激发读者思考的书。故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章首段末尾句内容“Herearesomeremendedbooksforyoutoopenthedoortoart.(这里有一些推荐的书籍，为你打开艺术的大门。)”可知，作者在文章中主要推荐了几本有关艺术的书籍。由此推知，文章的写作目的是向读者或艺术初学者推荐相关书籍。故选B项。BBorninLondonin1970,JayBladesisthefurniturerestorerandTVpresenterbestknownforTheRepairShop.Hereflectsongrowinguppoor,discoveringfashion,andwhyfamewillnevergotohishead.LivinginHackneyinthe1980s,onecoulddressacertainwaytomandrespect.Mybiggestinspirationwassomeonethatmymumwaswithatthetime,amancalledLloyd.Lloydheldtheroominawaythatwasdifferentfromtheothermeninmyarea.Beforethen,Ihadlookeduptonaughtypeople;theygotthetypeofadmirationIwanted.Theyweren’tnecessarilydoinggoodthingstogetthatkindofrespect:infact,itwasbecauseotherpeoplewereafraidofthem—theywererespectfulbecausetheydidn’twanttogethurt.Lloyd,meanwhile,wasneatlydressed.PeoplelikedhimbecauseofthatandIwantedtolooklikethat.Igotkickedoutofschoolat15forfighting.TherewasalotofracisminmyschoolandIwoulddefendpeoplewhohadbeenbulliedorraciallyabused.IstartedgoingouttotheWestEndwhenIwas16,whichtotallyopenedupmyhorizonsandgotmesoakedinthisnewculture.IstoppedfightingonceIleftHackneywhenIwas19or20.Butwhat’simportanttounderstandisthatIwasgrowingupinanareawithalotofdesperatepeople.Weallneededawayout,andyoudidwhateveryouhadtodotosurvive—wewerelikecrabsinabucketcrawlingovereachother.WhenIwas21,Istartedworkinginahomelessshelterandittotallychangedmylife.Whileworkingforacharitywhichencouragedyoungpeopletorepairfurniture,IdiscoveredIhadaskillforcraftingandfixingobjects.Later,IfoundmycareerasafurniturerestorerandTVpresenter.Thecharityworkchangedmyperspective,too.IrealizedIhadempathyandenjoyedconnectingwithpeoplewhohadnothingmaterialbutstillhadeverythingtheyneeded.Therewasnopointinreturningangerwithanger,resentmentwithresentment.4.WhatmessagedidLloyd’sappearanceconveytoyoungJayBlades?A.Decentclothesmakegoodmen. B.Properdressingcanearnrespect.C.Distinctivestylewinsadmiration. D.Naughtypeopleshouldbeneglected.5.WhichisNOTthereasonforpeoplebeingmeantoeachotherinHackneythen?A.Theiryoungage. B.Limitedresources.C.Racialdiscrimination. D.Terriblelivingconditions.6.HowdidtheexperienceinthehomelessshelteraffectJay?A.Ittaughtyoungpeopletobetolerant. B.ItmadehimworkasaTVpresenter.C.Ithelpedhimtoidentifyhistalentandnature. D.Itencouragedyoungpeopletobevolunteers.7.Wherecanweprobablyfindthetext?A.Areport. B.Acolumn. C.Adiary. D.Areview【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要是家具修复师和电视节目主持人杰伊·布雷兹回顾自己的人生经历以及感悟。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Lloyd,meanwhile,wasneatlydressed.PeoplelikedhimbecauseofthatandIwantedtolooklikethat.(与此同时，劳埃德穿得整整齐齐。人们因此喜欢他，而我也想成为那样的人)”可知，劳埃德的出现告诉年轻的杰伊·布雷兹得体的穿着可以赢得尊重。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“TherewasalotofracisminmyschoolandIwoulddefendpeoplewhohadbeenbulliedorraciallyabused.(我的学校里有很多种族主义，我会为那些被欺负或受到种族歧视的人辩护)”以及倒数第三段“Butwhat’simportanttounderstandisthatIwasgrowingupinanareawithalotofdesperatepeople.Weallneededawayout,andyoudidwhateveryouhadtodotosurvive—wewerelikecrabsinabucketcrawlingovereachother.(但重要的是要明白，我成长的地方有很多绝望的人。我们都需要一条出路，而你为了生存做了你必须做的一切——我们就像桶里的螃蟹一样互相爬过)”可知，年级小不是人们互相刻薄的原因。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thecharityworkchangedmyperspective,too.IrealizedIhadempathyandenjoyedconnectingwithpeoplewhohadnothingmaterialbutstillhadeverythingtheyneeded.(慈善工作也改变了我的观点。我意识到我有同理心，喜欢和那些一无所有但却拥有他们所需要的一切的人交往)”可知，在收容所的经历帮助他发现了自己的天赋和本性。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“BorninLondonin1970,JayBladesisthefurniturerestorerandTVpresenterbestknownforTheRepairShop.Hereflectsongrowinguppoor,discoveringfashion,andwhyfamewillnevergotohishead.(杰伊·布雷兹1970年出生于伦敦，是一名家具修复师和电视节目主持人，他最出名节目是《修理店》。他回顾了贫穷的成长过程，发现了时尚，以及为什么名声永远不会冲昏他的头脑)”结合文章主要是杰伊·布雷兹回顾自己的人生经历以及感悟。可知，文章选自专栏。故选B。CTheJan.17,1994,NorthridgeearthquakecausedextensivedamagetoroadwaysinLosAngeles,particularlyonthe10FreewayeastofCulverCity.TwofreewaybridgesatLaCienegaandWashingtonwereknockedout,resultinginsignificantinterruptionstothecrucialeastwesttrafficcorridorincentralLosAngeles.TheSantaMonicaFreewaywasreopenedinlessthanthreemonths,providingaboosttoL.A.’squakerecovery.Inrecentevents,afireonthe10Freeway,againclosingtheroadway,hasbroughtparisonto1994.Theextentofthedamageandrepairtimelineremainuncertain.MayorKarenBassemphasizedtheneedforurgentactionandasimilareffortasthe1994earthquakerepairs.Hereisareviewofthatepic1994repaireffortfromthepagesofTheTimes.Officialsknewrightawaytheyneededtogetthefreewayoperatingassoonaspossible.Withanaverageof341,000vehiclesadayusingtheroadway,theysaid,theextratimeittookgoodstoreachtheirdestinationsandworkerstogettotheirjobscostmillionsinlostproductionandwages.Itwasestimatedthattheclosurecosttheeconomy$1millionperday.Theclosureofthefreewayforcedmuterstoseekalternativeroutes,causingcongestion(拥塞)onalreadycrowdedsurfacestreetsbetweenSantaMonicaanddowntownLosAngeles.Detours(绕路)addeddelaysof20minutesormoretotraveltimes.Luckily,anacceleratedconstructioneffortwaslaunched,involvingroundtheclockwork.Thisresultedinearlierthanexpectedreopenings.ContractorC.C.MyersInc.pletedtheproject74daysaheadofschedule.Theyreceiveda$200,000bonusforeachdaytheworkwasfinishedearly.However,thecostoftheprojectescalatedfromtheoriginalbidof$14.9milliontonearly$30millionduetotheplexityandurgencyoftherepairs.TherepaireffortsfollowingtheNorthridgeearthquakewerecharacterizedbyintenseandfocusedworktorestorecriticaltransportationinfrastructure(基础设施).Theseexperiencesserveasareferencepointforthecurrentsituation,callingforswiftactioninrepairingthefiredamaged10Freeway.8.Whywastherecentfireparedtothe1994earthquake?A.ToindicatetheseveredamageithadcausedB.Toshowcitizens’devotiontotherepairwork.C.Tostressthenecessityofimmediaterepaireffort.D.Toexplainthedifficultyofrepairingthedamage.9.Whatisparagraphs4mainlyabout?A.Theimpactsofthefreewayclosure. B.Theeconomicvalueofthefreeway.C.Theoperatingsystemofthefreeway. D.Thecostofthefreewayconstruction.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“escalated”inparagraph5mean?A.Transformed. B.Mounted.C.Maintained. D.Restricted.11.Whatdoweknowaboutthe1994earthquakerepairs?A.Therepairswereacplishedin74days.B.Therepairswerepletedunderbudget.C.TherepairsweremainlyfundedbyC.C.MyersInc..D.Therepairswereplicatedandlabordemanding.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要回顾了1994年北岭地震后的修复工作。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Inrecentevents,afireonthe10Freeway,againclosingtheroadway,hasbroughtparisonto1994.Theextentofthedamageandrepairtimelineremainuncertain.MayorKarenBassemphasizedtheneedforurgentactionandasimilareffortasthe1994earthquakerepairs.(在最近的事件中，10号高速公路发生火灾，再次关闭了道路，这与1994年堪有一比。损坏程度和修复时间表仍不确定。市长KarenBass强调，需要采取紧急行动，并做出与1994年地震修复类似的努力。)”可知，将最近的火灾与1994年的地震进行比较是为了强调立即修复工作的必要性。故选C项。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Withanaverageof341,000vehiclesadayusingtheroadway,theysaid,theextratimeittookgoodstoreachtheirdestinationsandworkerstogettotheirjobscostmillionsinlostproductionandwages.Itwasestimatedthattheclosurecosttheeconomy$1millionperday.Theclosureofthefreewayforcedmuterstoseekalternativeroutes,causingcongestion(拥塞)onalreadycrowdedsurfacestreetsbetweenSantaMonicaanddowntownLosAngeles.Detours(绕路)addeddelaysof20minutesormoretotraveltimes.(他们说，平均每天有34.1万辆汽车通过这条道路，货物到达目的地和工人上班所需的额外时间造成了数百万美元的生产和工资损失。据估计，关闭高速公路每天给经济造成100万美元的损失。高速公路的关闭迫使通勤者寻找其他路线，导致圣莫尼卡和洛杉矶市中心之间已经拥挤的地面街道拥堵。绕路会使旅行时间延迟20分钟以上。)”可知，本段主要讲的是高速公路关闭的影响。故选A项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。划线词句前文“ContractorC.C.MyersInc.pletedtheproject74daysaheadofschedule.Theyreceiveda$200,000bonusforeachdaytheworkwasfinishedearly.(承包商C.C.MyersInc.提前74天完成了该项目。工作每提早完成一天，他们就能得到20万美元的奖金。)”说明承包商因为提前完成项目拿到更多的奖金，项目的成本增加了，从而推知划线词句“However,thecostoftheprojectescalatedfromtheoriginalbidof$14.9milliontonearly$30millionduetotheplexityandurgencyoftherepairs.(然而，由于维修的复杂性和紧迫性，该项目的成本从最初的1490万美元escalated到近3000万美元。)”其中划线词汇意思是“增加，上升”。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Withanaverageof341,000vehiclesadayusingtheroadway,theysaid,theextratimeittookgoodstoreachtheirdestinationsandworkerstogettotheirjobscostmillionsinlostproductionandwages.(他们说，平均每天有34.1万辆汽车通过这条道路，货物到达目的地和工人上班所需的额外时间造成了数百万美元的生产和工资损失。)”及第五段中“However,thecostoftheprojectescalatedfromtheoriginalbidof$14.9milliontonearly$30millionduetotheplexityandurgencyoftherepairs.(然而，由于修复的复杂性和紧迫性，该项目的成本从最初的1490万美元escalated到近3000万美元。)”可以推知，1994年地震的修复工作很复杂，而且需要大量劳动力。故选D项。DIfyouwanttokeepyourkidsfromdrinking,startbylookingatyourownconsumption.That’sbecauseadolescentswhoseparentsdrankregularlyorbingedrankwerefourtimesmorelikelytodrinkthemselves,accordingtoanewlypublishedstudy.Bingedrinkingisdefinedasatleastfourdrinksforwomenandfivedrinksformenononeoccasion.Dr.MarissaEsser,seniorstudyauthor,stressesthatbingedrinkingnotonlyharmsthedrinkerbutincreasesthelikelihoodoftheirteensengaginginalcoholconsumption.Itisn’tsurprisingtoseeaconnectionbetweenparentandteendrinking.Thereasoncouldbetiedtomultiplethingslikemodeling,alcoholaccessibilityinthehomeoraparent’spermissivenessarounddrinking,saidDr.ScottHadland,chiefofadolescentandyoungadultmedicineatMassachusettsGeneralHospital.However,Dr.Dick,directoroftheRutgersAddictionResearchCenter,suggestsastronggeneticponentmayalsoplayarole.“About50%ofthedifferencesbetweenhowmuchkidsdrink—especiallyastheymovethroughadolescenceintoyoungadulthood—isduetodifferencesintheirgenes,”Dicksaid.Teenagers’alcoholconsumptionisacauseforconcernduetopotentialhealthandbraindevelopmentconsequences.Dr.Dickhighlightsthattheageatwhichapersonbeginsdrinkingiscloselylinkedtotheirriskofdevelopingaddiction.DatacitedbyDr.Dickindicatesthatover45%ofindividualswhostartdrinkingatage13oryoungerexperiencealcoholrelatedissues,whilelessthan10%ofthosewhodelaydrinkinguntilage21developanalcoholusedisorder.Reducingparentalalcoholconsumptioncanbechallenging,evenforthosewithoutalcoholproblems.“Maybeit’sdifficultbecauseyouhaveahabitofsettlingdownafteralongdaywithaglassofwineorbecauseitfeelsstrangetobeatapartywithfriendsandnothaveacocktailinhand,”saidjournalistRosamundDean.However,ifyou’relookingtoreduceyourdrinking,there’reeffectivewaystodoit,shesaid.12.WhichofthefollowingisDr.Dick’spointofview?A.AlcoholintakevariationaregeneticallyinfluencedB.Earlyalcoholinitiationreducesfuturealcoholrisks.C.Alcoholaddictionisasevereproblemamongteens.D.Delayingdrinkinghelpsteensavoidalcoholaddiction.13.HowdoesDr.Dickillustratehispointofview?A.Byofferingexamples. B.Bygivingadefinition.C.Bypresentingstatistics. D.Byquotingexperts’words.14.Whatmightbetalkedaboutinthefollowingupparagraph?A.Whyteensshouldreducedrinking. B.Howparentscancutdownonalcohol.C.Whatkindsofteensmayhavealcoholissues. D.Whatinfluencesteens’alcoholconsumption.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AlcoholandTeenagers:AConcernofParentsB.AlcoholUseDisorder:AnIssueAmongTeenagersC.Parents’AlcoholConsumption:AHarmlessPastimeD.ParentalImpactonTeenDrinking:AReminderforFamilies【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了父母会影响青少年的饮酒量，引用了相关的研究加以证明。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“However,Dr.Dick,directoroftheRutgersAddictionResearchCenter,suggestsastronggeneticponentmayalsoplayarole.“About50%ofthedifferencesbetweenhowmuchkidsdrink—especiallyastheymovethroughadolescenceintoyoungadulthood—isduetodifferencesintheirgenes,”Dicksaid.(然而，罗格斯大学成瘾研究中心主任迪克博士认为，强烈的遗传成分也可能起作用。迪克说:“孩子们饮酒量的差异——尤其是当他们从青春期进入青年期时——大约有50%是由于他们的基因差异造成的。”)”可知，酒精摄入量的变化受基因影响。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“DatacitedbyDr.Dickindicatesthatover45%ofindividualswhostartdrinkingatage13oryoungerexperiencealcoholrelatedissues,whilelessthan10%ofthosewhodelaydrinkinguntilage21developanalcoholusedisorder.(迪克博士引用的数据表明，在13岁或更小的年龄开始饮酒的人中，超过45%的人会出现与酒精有关的问题，而在21岁才开始饮酒的人中，只有不到10%的人会出现酒精使用障碍)”可知，迪克博士通过提供统计数据阐述他的观点。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Reducingparentalalcoholconsumptioncanbechallenging,evenforthosewithoutalcoholproblems.“Maybeit’sdifficultbecauseyouhaveahabitofsettlingdownafteralongdaywithaglassofwineorbecauseitfeelsstrangetobeatapartywithfriendsandnothaveacocktailinhand,”saidjournalistRosamundDean.However,ifyou’relookingtoreduceyourdrinking,there’reeffectivewaystodoit,shesaid.(即使对那些没有酗酒问题的人来说，减少父母的饮酒量也是一项挑战。记者罗莎蒙德·迪安说：“也许这很难，因为你习惯在漫长的一天后喝一杯葡萄酒安顿下来，或者是因为在和朋友聚会时手里没有鸡尾酒会觉得很奇怪。”然而，如果你想减少饮酒量，有一些有效的方法可以做到，她说。)”可知，在接下来的段落中可能会讨论父母如何减少饮酒。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Ifyouwanttokeepyourkidsfromdrinking,startbylookingatyourownconsumption.That’sbecauseadolescentswhoseparentsdrankregularlyorbingedrankwerefourtimesmorelikelytodrinkthemselves,accordingtoanewlypublishedstudy.(如果你想阻止孩子饮酒，那就先审视一下自己的饮酒习惯吧。一项最新发表的研究表明，父母经常饮酒或酗酒的青少年，自己也喝酒的可能性是（其他青少年的）四倍。)”结合文章主要说明了父母会影响青少年的饮酒量，引用了相关的研究加以证明。可知，D选项“父母对青少年饮酒的影响：对家庭的提醒”最符合文章标题。故选D。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Productivitycanbeastruggleformanyofus.Overflowingemailinboxes,housework,socialobligations—itcanbeeasytofeeloverwhelmed.However,onesimpletoolthatcanhelpusstayontopofeverythingisthetodolist.___16___.PsychologistandauthorDavidCohenhighlightsthreekeyreasonswhylistsarebeneficial.Firstly,theyprovidearespite(缓解)fromchaosandanxietythatarisefromhavinganendlessstreamoftasks.___17___Secondly,listsofferstructureandguidance,givingusaplantofollow.Andourbrainsaremorelikelytostoreinformationwhenit’spresentedinanorganizedmanner.Lastly,listsserveasproofofwhatwehaveachieved,whichcanhelpboostoursenseofacplishmentandmotivation.___18___Psychologistsusethistermtodescribehowwetendtorememberunfinishedtasksbetterthanpletedones.AstudyconductedbyresearchersfromWakeForestUniversitydemonstratedtheimpactoftheZeigarnikeffectonagroupofparticipants.Duringtheexperiment,awarmuptaskwasinterruptedhalfwaythrough,andonlysomeindividualswereallowedtomakeplanstofinishit.Theresearchersdiscoveredthatthegroupwhohadtheopportunitytoplanexperiencedreducedanxietyandperformedbetterinthesubsequenttask.___19___Thus,whenwecheckoffanitemonourlist,ourbrainscanletgoofit,allowingustorelax.Inconclusion,it’sevidentthatlistsareavaluabletoolformaintainingcontrolandorganizationinourlives.___20___Byharnessing(利用)thepoweroflists,wecanenhanceourproductivityandfindgreaterpeaceofmindamidstlife’sdemands.A.Writeitdown,dothetasksandcrossthemoff—simple!B.Anotherexplanationforourattractiontolistsliesinthe“ZeigarnikEffect”.C.Theyalleviatestress,providestructure,andofferasenseofacplishment.D.Butthewarmuptaskremainedanuncheckeditemontheirmentaltodolist.E.Meanwhile,theothersstillhadthewarmuptaskstuckintheiractivememory.F.Bywritingeverythingdown,wefreeupourmindsandcanfocusonthetaskathand.G.Additionally,the“ZeigarnikEffect”suggeststhatunfinishedtaskscancreateasenseofmentaltension.【答案】16.A17.F18.B19.E20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了待办事项清单的好处和原因。【16题详解】根据上文“Productivitycanbeastruggleformanyofus.Overflowingemailinboxes,housework,socialobligations—itcanbeeasytofeeloverwhelmed.However,onesimpletoolthatcanhelpusstayontopofeverythingisthetodolist.(对我们很多人来说，提高效率是一件很困难的事情。邮箱爆满、家务、社会责任——很容易让人感到不堪重负。然而，有一个简单的工具可以帮助我们掌握一切，那就是待办事项清单。)”可知，上文提到了待办事项清单，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明如何使用这一工具。故A选项“写下来，完成任务，划掉——简单！”符合语境，故选A。17题详解】根据上文“PsychologistandauthorDavidCohenhighlightsthreekeyreasonswhylistsarebeneficial.Firstly,theyprovidearespite(缓解)fromchaosandanxietythatarisefromhavinganendlessstreamoftasks.(心理学家兼作家大卫·科恩强调了清单有益的三个关键原因。首先，它们可以缓解由于没完没了的任务而产生的混乱和焦虑。)”可知，上文解释了清单“可以缓解由于没完没了的任务而产生的混乱和焦虑”，本句承接上文，对如何缓解混乱和焦虑进行具体说明。故F选项“通过把所有的事情写下来，我们可以解放我们的思想，专注于手头的任务。”符合语境，故选F。【18题详解】根据后文“Psychologistsusethistermtodescribehowwetendtorememberunfinishedtasksbetterthanpletedones.(心理学家用这个术语来描述我们如何更容易记住未完成的任务而不是完成的任务。)”可知，本句主要提出后文提到的术语，B选项中ZeigarnikEffect对应后文thisterm。故B选项“对我们喜欢清单的另一个解释是“蔡加尼克效应”。”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据上文“Duringtheexperiment,awarmuptaskwasinterruptedhalfwaythrough,andonlysomeindividualswereallowedtomakeplanstofinishit.Theresearchersdiscoveredthatthegroupwhohadtheopportunitytoplanexperiencedreducedanxietyandperformedbetterinthesubsequenttask.(在实验中，一项热身任务中途被打断，只有一些人被允许制定完成计划。研究人员发现，有机会做计划的那组人焦虑感降低，在随后的任务中表现更好。)”可知，上文提到只有一些人被允许制定完成计划，推测本句是在说明其他人的表现。故E选项“与此同时，其他人仍然把热身任务留在他们的主动记忆中”符合语境，故选E。【20题详解】根据上文“Inconclusion,it’sevidentthatlistsareavaluabletoolformaintainingcontrolandorganizationinourlives.(总之，很明显，清单是我们生活中保持控制和组织的一个有价值的工具。)”可知，本句承接上文，说明清单的具体好处。C选项中They指代上文lists。故C选项“它们减轻压力，提供结构，并提供成就感。”符合语境，故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Mondaymorning,Iwasrunninglateforwork,makingmywaythroughthe___21___subwaystation.Finally,Imanagedto___22___apackedtrainandgotoffatmystop.AsIwalkedtomyofficebuilding,Inoticedagirl,around8yearsold,___23___byherlittlebrother,sellingpens.She___24___me,saying,"Pleasebuyapen."Burdenedbymy___25___,Iinitiallyignoredherandpolitely___26___,saying,"Idon'tneedapen,thankyou."Butshe___27___andurgedmetostop,"Justtakeone."Atthatmoment,Ifelt___28___,exclaimingtomyself,"God,howdidIgetmyselfintothis?"Eventually,I___29___andpurchasedapenfromher.Thegirl'sface___30___litupwithjoy.Icouldn'tunderstandwhysuchasimple2rupeepenwouldbringhersuchhappiness.___31___,Iinquiredfurther.Sherevealedthatshesoldpensforfamilyfoodanddesiredtobuyalollipopforherbrother,whichcost10rupees.To___32___this,sheneededtosell5extrapens.Herwordsleftme___33___,totallyshockedbyherharshreality.Deeply___34___,Iboughtthreelollipops—oneforher,oneforherbrother,andoneasasmall___35___formyself.Atthatmoment,Irealizedthatitisthroughopeningourheartstoothersthatwetrulyexperiencethebeautylifehastooffer.21.A.damp B.fortable C.crowded D.plicated22A.book B.board C.exit D.stop23.A.acpanied B.abandoned C.carried D.seized24.A.examined B.assigned C.approached D.reminded25.A.boss B.motive C.mood D.lateness26.A.declined B.apologized C.scolded D.abused27.A.insisted B.suggested C.screamed D.sighed28.A.embarrassed B.trapped C.sympathetic D.stressed29.A.gaveaway B.gaveoff C.gaveout D.gavein30.A.repeatedly B.slowly C.instantly D.fortunately31.A.Sorrowful B.Delighted C.Enthusiastic D.Curious32.A.experience B.achieve C.resolve D.await33.A.dizzy B.speechless C.refreshed D.miserable34.A.troubled B.concerned C.moved D.satisfied35.A.reward B.recreation C.investment D.reminder【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.C25.D26.A27.A28.B29.D30.C31.D32.B33.B34.C35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者周一早上去上班，被一个女孩拦住买笔，作者询问得知女孩卖笔是为了给弟弟买棒棒糖，作者被感动，给他们买了棒棒糖。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：周一早上，我上班快迟到了，正穿过拥挤的地铁站。A.damp潮湿的；B.fortable舒服的；C.crowded拥挤的；D.plicated复杂的。根据后文“apackedtrain”可知，周一早上地铁站很拥挤。故选C。【22题详解