浙江省镇海中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题

镇海中学2024年6月高二年级期末教学质量检测英语试卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howwillthespeakersprobablygointotown?A.Bytrain.B.Bytaxi.C.Bybus.2.Whatdidthemanmake?A.Apainting.B.Aphotograph.C.Apictureframe.3.Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Fine.B.Excited.C.Confused.4.Howmuchdoesanewphonecost?A.$50.B.$60.C.$70.5.Whowillprobablygetthemedicine?A.Theman’sgrandmother.B.Theman’suncle.C.Theman’sauntie.第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Guideandvisitor.7.Whycan’tthespeakersseetheelephants?A.Thezooisclosed.B.Theyruntooslow.C.Aworkersignaledthemtoleave.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdidthewomandotoprepareforplanting?A.Shedidsomegardening.B.Shereadsomebooksyesterday.C.Shewatchedsomevideosonline.9.Whatdoesthemanremendthewomangrow?A.Pears.B.Peaches.C.Pepperplants.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题.10.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Workasanelectrician.B.Bealawyer.C.Flyaplane.11.Wheredoesthemanwork?A.Intheairport.B.Atacollege.C.Fromhishome.12.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’swork?A.Fascinating.B.Easy.C.Dangerous.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题.13.Whoistheman?A.Ateamphysician.B.Afootballplayer.C.Acoach.14.Whatdidthewomanhurt?A.Herleg.B.Herankle.C.Herhead.15.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atagym.B.Inaclinic.C.Onafield.16.Whatdayisittoday?A.Sunday.B.Monday.C.Tuesday.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whatwastherealpassionofthespeaker’sfather?A.Science.B.Logic.C.History.18.Whatistheworstprobleminmakinghistoryuseful?A.Itleadstoincorrectconclusions.B.Itmakeshistoryboring.C.Itisnotnatural.19.Whatdoesthespeakerprobablydo?A.Ateacher.B.Ascientist.C.Amoviedirector.20.Whatisthemainideaofthetalk?ATheimportanceofstudyinghistoryinschool.B.Theattitudetowardslearninghistory.C.Themethodsofteachinghistory.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案.AAmazingPhuketPhuket(普吉岛)isthelargestofThailand’smanyislandsandissituatedonthecountry’swestcoast.Itisoftenknownasthe“PearlofTheAndaman”duetoitscrystalblueseas,whitesandbeachesandsacredtemples.Asameltingpot,itboastsincrediblecultural,architectural,andculinarydiversity.Beforetraveling,herearesomeimportantthingsyouneedtoknow.WeatherinPhuket·Hotseason:ApriltoJune.·Wetseason:JulytoNovember.·Besttimetogo:DecembertoMarch.StayingsafeinPhuket·Water:Donotdrinkfromthetaps.Alwaysusebottledwater.·Emergency:Incaseofanemergency,dial191forpolice,1155fortouristpolice,and1669forambulance.·Insurance:Gettravelinsuranceasapartofyourdeal.Itwillalwayseinhandyifyoufallsickorifanyotheremergencyarises.·Acmodation:Chooseasuitablelocationforyourstay.Donotselectadodgyhoteljustbecauseitischeaperthantheothers.TopthreeremendedhotelsLaGreenHotelandResidence$110pernight/15%offforatleasttwonightsSetinBangTaoBeach,1kmfromBangTaoBeach,LaGreenHotelandResidenceprovidesafitnesscentre,freeprivateparking,arestaurantandabar.SoleMioBoutiqueHotelandWellness$140pernight/20%offforatleasttwonightsSoleMioBoutiqueHotelandWellnessoffersacmodationwithanoutdoorswimmingpool,freeprivateparking,andafitnesscentre,just600metresfromBangTaoBeach.RivieraPatongHotel$125pernight/10%offforatleasttwonightsRivieraPatongoffersacmodationwithabarandfreeWiFi,convenientlylocatedwithin0.5kmofPatongBeachand1.1kmofJungceylonShoppingCenter.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutPhuket?A.ItcanbereallyhotthereinSeptember. B.ItisthecenterofThaireligiouscelebration.C.Visitorstherearelikelytosavordiversecultures. D.Itgainsreputationforitsabundantpearlproduction.2.WhichofthefollowingtipsforstayingsafeinPhuketisWRONG?A.Sticktobottledwaterratherthantapwater. B.Considerfactorsbeyondpriceinhotelselection.C.Purchasetravelinsuranceforunexpectedillness. D.Dial1669ifyouencounterrobberyduringtravel.3.What’sthepriceforapersonstayingtwonightsatthenearesthoteltoBangTaoBeach?A.$224. B.$225. C.$56. D.$187.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了普吉岛的地理位置、天气情况、安全提示以及推荐的酒店等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段中的“Phuket(普吉岛)isthelargestofThailand’smanyislandsandissituatedonthecountry’swestcoast.Itisoftenknownasthe“PearlofTheAndaman”duetoitscrystalblueseas,whitesandbeachesandsacredtemples.Asameltingpot,itboastsincrediblecultural,architectural,andculinarydiversity.(普吉岛是泰国众多岛屿中最大的一个，位于泰国西海岸。它因其湛蓝的海洋、白色的沙滩和神圣的寺庙而被称为“安达曼的明珠”。作为一个大熔炉，它拥有令人难以置信的文化、建筑和烹饪多样性。)”可知，普吉岛是一个文化、建筑和烹饪多样性的地方，游客可以体验到多样的文化。故选C。【2题详解】推理判断题。由文章StayingsafeinPhuket部分中的“Emergency:Incaseofanemergency,dial191forpolice,1155fortouristpolice,and1669forambulance.(紧急情况：发生紧急情况时，报警拨打191，旅游警察拨打1155，救护车拨打1669。)”可知，选项D中的“ifyouencounterrobberyduringtravel(旅行中遇到抢劫)”，应属于紧急情况，正确的做法是拨打191而非1669。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。由文章LaGreenHotelandResidence部分中的“SetinBangTaoBeach,1kmfromBangTaoBeach,LaGreenHotelandResidenceprovidesafitnesscentre,freeprivateparking,arestaurantandabar.(LaGreenHotelandResidence酒店位于邦涛海滩，距离BangTaoBeach1公里，提供健身中心，免费私人停车场，餐厅和酒吧。)”、由文章SoleMioBoutiqueHotelandWellness部分中的“SoleMioBoutiqueHotelandWellnessoffersacmodationwithanoutdoorswimmingpool,freeprivateparking,andafitnesscentre,just600metresfromBangTaoBeach.(SoleMioBoutiqueHotelandWellness提供一个户外游泳池，免费私人停车场和一个健身中心，距离BangTaoBeach仅600米。)”、由文章RivieraPatongHotel部分中的“RivieraPatongoffersacmodationwithabarandfreeWiFi,convenientlylocatedwithin0.5kmofPatongBeachand1.1kmofJungceylonShoppingCenter.(RivieraPatong酒店提供带酒吧和免费WiFi的住宿，位置便利，距离PatongBeach有0.5公里，距离Jungceylon购物中心有1.1公里。)”可知，SoleMioBoutiqueHotelandWellness距离BangTaoBeach最近。根据SoleMioBoutiqueHotelandWellness部分中的“$140pernight/20%offforatleasttwonights(每晚140美元/至少住两晚可打八折)”可知，在离BangTaoBeach最近的酒店住两晚的价格是：140*2*80%=224(美元)。故选A。BTheviewfromthetopwasbreathtaking.Itwas2023andIhadjustclimbedtheHvannadalsPeakinIceland,almostsevenyearsafterbeingparalyzedfromthechestdownafteraclimbingfall.MytwoteammatesandIwereonourwaytobeingthefirstalldisabledteamtocrossEurope’slargesticecap,themightyVatnajökullglacier,unsupportedandunassisted.Ayearbefore,whenNiallMcCannfirstsuggestedmakingthe100–miletrip,Iwasexcitedbytheprospectofreturningtothislostworldofcrevasses(冰裂缝),mountainsandice,butupsetandanxiousaboutwhetherI’dstruggle.Backthen,Istillwouldhavegivenanythingformylegstoworkandtobeabletowalkagain.ButIwaseagerforadventureandsignedontodothetripwithMcCann,whohadbrokenhisbackwhenparagliding,andEdJackson,aformerprofessionalrugbyplayerwhohadbrokenhisneckin2017.Thiswasgoingtobethetoughestchallengeofmylife.Andyet,witheachdriveofmypolesintothesnow,Ipushedmyselffurtherfromcivilization—andclosertothemanI’doncebeen.MyminddriftedtothelasttimeIwasonamountainbeforemyaccident,climbingMonteRosaintheItalianAlpsandfeelingtheaddictivemixtureofexcitementandtrepidation.Thosesameemotionsreturnedaswebattledthroughpowerfulstormsandhiddencrevassesbeforewereachedtheicecap’shighestpoint.IwasatthetopwhenIwashitbyanunexpectedwaveofemotion.Irealizedthat,despiteallthatIhadbeenthrough—allthechallengesandsetbacksIhadfaced—ifsomeoneaskedmeifIwantedmylegsback,Iwouldhavesaidno.ThatmomentaffectedeveryaspectofmylifeandthewayIperceivedmydisability.NolongerdidIconsidermyselfdisabledorinjured,because,ifIcouldreachthesummitofaremoteicecap,Icouldoverethefrustrationsandsetbacksofdaytodaylifewithresilienceandpersistence.Yes,Idostillhavealifechanginginjury—but,forme,it’sbeenforthebetter.4.Whatcanyouknowabouttheteam?A.Itgotassistancefromanorganization. B.Itsmembersallhadaformofdisability.C.Itfollowedthestepsofasimilarpreviousteam. D.Itconsistedofpeopleparalyzeddownthechest.5.Whatmighthavereallycausedthewritertohesitateaboutthetrip?A.Hisparalyzedlegs. B.Fearofpotentialdanger.C.Thelostworldofice. D.Lackofproperequipment.6.What’sdoestheunderlinedword“trepidation”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Fear. B.Bravery.C.Happiness. D.Disappointment.7Whatdidthewriterthinkofhisinjuryafterhemadeittothetop?A.Itlefthimnothingbutallsetbacks. B.Itcausedhisunexpectedbademotion.C.Hewouldn’tknowhispotentialotherwise. D.Hewastorturedbythefrustrationsitcaused.【答案】4.B5.A6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作为在攀岩坠落后胸部以下瘫痪的登山爱好者，作者与两位同样身有残疾的队友挑战欧洲最大冰盖——瓦特纳冰川的壮举。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“MytwoteammatesandIwereonourwaytobeingthefirstalldisabledteamtocrossEurope’slargesticecap,themightyVatnajökullglacier,unsupportedandunassisted.(我和我的两名队友正在成为第一支在无人支持的情况下穿越欧洲大冰盖——强大的瓦特纳冰川的全残疾人队伍)”以及第二段“ButIwaseagerforadventureandsignedontodothetripwithMcCann,whohadbrokenhisbackwhenparagliding,andEdJackson,aformerprofessionalrugbyplayerwhohadbrokenhisneckin2017.(但我渴望冒险，并与在滑翔伞时摔断背部的麦肯和在2017年摔断脖子的前职业橄榄球运动员埃德·杰克逊签约进行这次旅行)”可知，这支队伍的成员都有某种形式的残疾。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Itwas2023andIhadjustclimbedtheHvannadalsPeakinIceland,almostsevenyearsafterbeingparalyzedfromthechestdownafteraclimbingfall.(那是2023年，我刚刚爬上冰岛的Hvannadals峰，在一次攀爬摔倒后胸部以下瘫痪了将近七年)”以及第二段“Ayearbefore,whenNiallMcCannfirstsuggestedmakingthe100–miletrip,Iwasexcitedbytheprospectofreturningtothislostworldofcrevasses(冰裂缝),mountainsandice,butupsetandanxiousaboutwhetherI’dstruggle.(一年前，当尼尔·麦肯第一次建议进行100英里的旅行时，我对重返这个由裂缝、山脉和冰组成的失落世界的前景感到兴奋，但对自己是否会挣扎感到沮丧和焦虑)”可知，由于作者胸部以下瘫痪，所以作者感到焦虑，对这次旅行犹豫不决。故选A项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“MyminddriftedtothelasttimeIwasonamountainbeforemyaccident,climbingMonteRosaintheItalianAlpsandfeelingtheaddictivemixtureofexcitementandtrepidation.Thosesameemotionsreturnedaswebattledthroughpowerfulstormsandhiddencrevassesbeforewereachedtheicecap’shighestpoint.(我的思绪飘到了事故发生前我最后一次在山上，爬上意大利阿尔卑斯山的罗莎山，感受到兴奋和trepidation的混合。当我们在到达冰盖的最高点之前，经历了强大的风暴和隐藏的裂缝，同样的情绪又回来了)”可知，作者想到自己事故发生前最后一次在山上感受的情绪，作者经历了强大的风暴和隐藏的裂缝，出现了同样的情绪，推测作者的感受是既兴奋又恐惧的，划线单词表示“恐惧”，与fear意义相近。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThatmomentaffectedeveryaspectofmylifeandthewayIperceivedmydisability.NolongerdidIconsidermyselfdisabledorinjured,because,ifIcouldreachthesummitofaremoteicecap,Icouldoverethefrustrationsandsetbacksofdaytodaylifewithresilienceandpersistence.(那一刻影响了我生活的方方面面，也影响了我对残疾的看法。我不再认为自己残疾或受伤，因为如果我能登上遥远的冰盖顶峰，我就能以坚韧和毅力克服日常生活中的沮丧和挫折)”可知，登上顶峰后，作者意识到如果不是因为这次受伤，自己就不会认识到自己能够以韧性及坚持克服日常生活中的挫折。故选C项。CAmassivecrackthroughAfricaissettosplitthecontinentintotwoandformEarth’ssixthocean,anentirelynewseafromEthiopiatoMozambique,scientistshavewarned.ThesocalledEasternAfricanRift(东非大裂谷)formedatleast22millionyearsagobuthasshownactivityoverthelastfewdecades.KenMacdonald,aprofessor,said,“Whatwedonotknowisifthisriftingwillcontinueonitspresentpacetoeventuallyopenupanoceanbasin,liketheRedSea.Ormightitspeedup?Atthepresentrate,aseaaboutthesizeofthecurrentRedSea,mightforminabout2030millionyears.”EasternAfricanRiftSystem(EARS)stretchesfromtheGulfofAdeninthenorthtoZimbabweinthesouth.ResearchersbelieveEARSisgrowinglargerbecausetwotectonicplatesaremovingawayfromeachother.Itlikelyformedbecauseofheatflowingupfromthehotter,weaker,upperpartofEarth’smantle(地幔).Now,astudyfoundthatamassiveeruptionofsuperheatedrockingupfromourplanet’scoreisdrivingtherifting.GeophysicistD.SarahStampsparedariftingcontinent’sdifferentdeformationstyleswithplayingwithSillyPutty(黏土玩具).“IfyouhitSillyPuttywithahammer,itcanactuallycrackandbreak,”saidStamps.“Butifyouslowlypullitapart,theSillyPuttystretches.Soondifferenttimescales,Earth’slithosphere(岩石圈)behavesindifferentways.”Therecentcrackin2018isbeingdebatedamongthescientificmunity,assomebelieveitisshowingtheseparationinrealtime,whileothersbelievesuchprogressionisimpossible.OneresidentnamedEliudclaimedhesawthecrackrunthroughhishome.Andhecouldonlycollectsomeofhisbelongingsbeforehishousecollapsed.DamageswereseenonabusyroadinKenya.8.Whatisthepotentialouteiftheriftingcontinuesatitscurrentpace?A.Immediateformationofalargeocean. B.Rapidformationofnewmountainranges.C.pleteclosureoftheEasternAfricanRift. D.CreationofanoceanequivalenttotheRedSea.9.WhatcontributestothecrackofEasternAfricanRiftSystem?A.ThestretchesoftheGulfofAden. B.Theeruptionofsuperheatedrock.C.Thecrashesofmovingtectonicplates. D.ThesplitofweakerpartofEarth’score.10.WhydoesSarahmentiontheSillyPuttyinparagraph4?A.Tostresstheflexibilityofcontinentsmore. B.Tobetterintroducethebehaviorsofplayers.C.Tofurtheranalyzetheformationofcontinents. D.Tovividlyexplainhowriftingcontinentchanges.11.Whatmightbetheattitudeofthescientiststowardtherealtimerifting?A.Indifferent. B.Negative. C.Contradictory. D.Optimistic.【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了东非大裂谷或将催生地球第六大洋，东非大裂谷活动加剧，科学家探讨数千万年后海洋形成可能性。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“KenMacdonald,aprofessor,said,“Whatwedonotknowisifthisriftingwillcontinueonitspresentpacetoeventuallyopenupanoceanbasin,liketheRedSea.Ormightitspeedup?Atthepresentrate,aseaaboutthesizeofthecurrentRedSea,mightforminabout2030millionyears.”(KenMacdonald教授说：“我们不知道的是，这种裂谷作用是否会以目前的速度继续下去，最终打开一个像红海这样的海洋盆地。或者它会加速吗？按照目前的速度，大约在2000万至3000万年后，可能会形成一个与当前红海大小相当的海洋。”)”可知，如果裂谷以目前的速度继续下去，可能创造出一个与当前红海大小相当的海洋。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ResearchersbelieveEARSisgrowinglargerbecausetwotectonicplatesaremovingawayfromeachother.Itlikelyformedbecauseofheatflowingupfromthehotter,weaker,upperpartofEarth’smantle(地幔).Now,astudyfoundthatamassiveeruptionofsuperheatedrockingupfromourplanet’scoreisdrivingtherifting.(研究人员认为，东非大裂谷越来越大是因为两个构造板块正在相互远离。它的形成可能是因为热量从更热、更弱的地幔上部向上流动。现在，一项研究发现，从我们星球的核心升起的超高温岩石的大规模喷发正在推动裂谷作用)”可知，东非大裂谷的破裂是由于地球的核心升起的超高温岩石的大规模喷发。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“GeophysicistD.SarahStampsparedariftingcontinent’sdifferentdeformationstyleswithplayingwithSillyPutty(黏土玩具).“IfyouhitSillyPuttywithahammer,itcanactuallycrackandbreak,”saidStamps.“Butifyouslowlypullitapart,theSillyPuttystretches.Soondifferenttimescales,Earth’slithosphere(岩石圈)behavesindifferentways.”(地球物理学家D.SarahStamps将裂谷大陆的不同变形风格与玩黏土玩具进行了比较。Stamps说：“如果你用锤子击打黏土玩具，它实际上会破裂。”。“但如果你慢慢地把它拉开，黏土玩具就会伸展。因此，在不同的时间尺度上，地球岩石圈的行为方式不同。”)”可知，Sarah提到黏土玩具是为了与大陆分裂进行类比，生动地解释大陆的分裂是如何变化的。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Therecentcrackin2018isbeingdebatedamongthescientificmunity,assomebelieveitisshowingtheseparationinrealtime,whileothersbelievesuchprogressionisimpossible.(最近2018年的裂缝正在科学界争论，因为一些人认为它实时显示了分离，而另一些人则认为这样的进展是不可能的)”可知，科学家对于实时的裂缝的态度不同，科学家们的态度是矛盾的。故选C。DHaveyoueverworriedthatyoumightsmellbad?Well,youdohaveasmell,butnotinthewayyouthink.Thehumanbodyreleaseshundredsofchemicalpoundsintotheaireveryday,andthesepoundsrevealmuchmorethanjustourhealthhabits;theycanalsoindicateourhealthsituations.In1971,chemistLinusPaulingidentified250differentgaseouschemicalsinourbreath,knownasVOCs.TheseVOCsoriginatefromthebody’smetabolic(新陈代谢)processesandareexcreted(排泄)throughskinglands.WhilesweatcontributestotheseVOCs,itonlyaccountsforasmallportionofthem.VOCscanrevealalotaboutourhealth.Forexample,asweetsmellingbreathcouldbeasignofdiabetes.Besidesbreath,VOCsarealsoreleasedfromourskin,andfeces(粪便).AnotablecaseinvolvedJoyMilne,whonoticedachangeinherhusband’sscent12yearsbeforehewasdiagnosedwithParkinson’sdisease.Knownas“thewomanwhocansmellParkinson’s,”Joyhasbeenusingherkeensenseofsmelltohelpscientistsdevelopasimpleswabtesttodiagnosetheillnesses.Animalswithadvancedsenseofsmell,likedogs,havedemonstratedtheycandetectvarioustypesofcancerinhumans.Althoughthesescentsareoftenundetectabletothehumannose,theyprovideevidencethatourbodiesemitdifferentscentswhensomethingiswrong.TherelationshipbetweenVOCs,andourhealthisstillbeingstudied.ProfessorMorinandherteamareinvestigatingwhetherskinVOCsignaturescanrevealpersonalattributes.Theyhavealreadyshownthattheycanpredictaperson’sagewithinafewyearsbasedontheirskinVOCprofile.Inoneinterview,ProfessorMorinstated,“Weareatarelativelyearlystageinthisresearcharea,butwehavealreadydistinguishedmalesfromfemalesbasedontheacidityofskinVOCs.WebelieveskinVOCscanrevealaspectsofwhoweare,suchasnutrition,healthandstress.Thesesignatureslikelycontainmarkersthatcanbeusedtodiagnosedisease.”So,whoknows—maybeonedaywewillbeabletodetectdiseasessimplybybreathingintoadevice.12.WhatdowelearnabouttheVOCsaccordingtothepassage?A.TheVOCsareprimarilyposedofsweat.B.Ourbody’smetabolicprocessesarethesourceofVOCs.C.SkinVOCscannotrevealourageandgenderuptonow.D.VOCsonlyreleasedfromourskinindicatehealthstatus.13.Whydoestheauthormentionanimalslikedogsinparagraph4?A.Toargueweshouldrelymoreonanimals.B.Toshowthesuperiorintelligenceofanimals.C.TohighlightVOCs’potentialasdiagnosticmarkers.D.Toillustratetheyhavethecapabilitytodetectcancers.14.WhatfuturetechnologymightarisefromtheunderstandingofVOCs?A.DevicesthatcanbreathediseasecausingVOCs.B.EquipmentthatcananalyzeVOCstodiagnosediseases.C.PersonalizedperfumesthatcanmaskdiseaserelatedVOCs.D.AdvancedfacilitiesthatcanchangeVOCtoimprovehealth.15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.TheRoleofSweatinHumanHealth. B.LinusPauling’sContributionstoVOCS.C.SmellofBodyContributingtoDiseases. D.DetectingDiseasesthroughBodyScents.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以通俗易懂的方式介绍了人体释放的VOCs与健康状况之间的关系，解释了这些化学物质的来源、它们如何揭示健康信息，以及科研人员如何利用这些信息探索疾病诊断的可能性。【12题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段中“TheseVOCsoriginatefromthebody’smetabolic(新陈代谢)processesandareexcreted(排泄)throughskinglands.(这些VOCs来源于人体的代谢过程，并通过皮肤腺体排出体外。)”可知，VOCs来源于我们身体的新陈代谢过程。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。由文章第四段“Animalswithadvancedsenseofsmell,likedogs,havedemonstratedtheycandetectvarioustypesofcancerinhumans.Althoughthesescentsareoftenundetectabletothehumannose,theyprovideevidencethatourbodiesemitdifferentscentswhensomethingiswrong.(具有高级嗅觉的动物，如狗，已经证明它们可以检测出人类的各种癌症。虽然这些气味通常是人的鼻子无法察觉的，但它们提供了证据，表明我们的身体在出现问题时会发出不同的气味。)”可知，作者提到像狗这样的动物是为了强调VOCs作为疾病诊断标记的潜力，因为这些动物能嗅出人类身上的不同疾病，说明VOCs确实携带了与健康状况相关的信息。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“So,whoknows—maybeonedaywewillbeabletodetectdiseasessimplybybreathingintoadevice.(所以，谁知道呢——也许有一天我们可以通过对着一个设备呼吸来检测疾病。)”可知，未来可能产生技术是能够分析VOCs来诊断疾病的设备。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Haveyoueverworriedthatyoumightsmellbad?Well,youdohaveasmell,butnotinthewayyouthink.Thehumanbodyreleaseshundredsofchemicalpoundsintotheaireveryday,andthesepoundsrevealmuchmorethanjustourhealthhabits;theycanalsoindicateourhealthsituations.(你有没有担心过自己身上有难闻的味道？你确实有味道，但不是你想的那样。人体每天向空气中释放数百种化合物，这些化合物揭示的不仅仅是我们的健康习惯；它们也可以表明我们的健康状况。)”可知，整篇文章围绕着人体释放的VOCs如何反映健康状况，并有可能成为疾病诊断的工具这一主题展开。因此，适合的标题为“DetectingDiseasesthroughBodyScents.(通过体味检测疾病)”。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyouhaveapassionforart?Believeitornot,youdon’tneedaspecialdegreeorcertificationtogetyourartcareerstarted.___16___.It’sdefinitelynotimpossible,however.Withenoughfocus,drive,anddetermination,youmightseeyourartgoalsbeeareality.We’veputtogetheralistoftipsandtrickstohelpyougetstartedonyourartisticjourney.___17___.Giveyourselfafoundationwithartskills.Artfundamentals,likeperspective,anatomy(解剖),andpositionareimportantbuildingblocksinyourartcareer.Theseskillsmayseembasic,butthey’llmakeabigdifferenceinyourfutureartpieces.Signupforonlineclasses.Pickanonlineclassthatfitsyourartniche.Fromtraditionalsketchestodigitalart,therearetonsofclassesouttherethatcanhelpyourefinespecificartskillsets.Searchonlineforclassesrunbyprofessionalartists—thesearegreat,handsonwaystoimproveyourskills.Alotofprofessionalclassescostmoney.___18___.Inquireaboutfeedback.___19___.Friendsorartacquaintancescanbeabighelp.Theycanhelppointoutareasofimprovement,soyouknowwhattofocusoninthefuture.Goeasyonyourself.Beingaselftaughtartistisalongjourney.___20___.Insteadloveandacceptyourartforwhatitisinsteadofexpectingittobeofprofessionalcaliberrightaway.A.Learnthebasics.B.Focusonpaintingtechniques.C.Beingaselftaughtartistisn’teasy.D.Don’tpareyourarttotherealartists’.E.However,someuniversitiesofferfreeartclasses.F.Askasecondpairofeyestolookatyourartwork.G.Andyoudon’tneedtobeanexperttoexperienceart.【答案】16.C17.A18.E19.F20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一系列帮助人们开始艺术之旅的方法。【16题详解】下文“It’sdefinitelynotimpossible,however.(然而，这绝对不是不可能的)”提到，成为自学成才的艺术家并非不可能，空处和下文是转折关系，故是讲述自学成才的艺术家虽然困难，但是并非不可能，C项“成为一名自学成才的艺术家并不容易”符合语境。故选C。【17题详解】下文“Giveyourselfafoundationwithartskills.Artfundamentals,likeperspective,anatomy(解剖),andpositionareimportantbuildingblocksinyourartcareer.Theseskillsmayseembasic,butthey’llmakeabigdifferenceinyourfutureartpieces.(给自己打下艺术功底。艺术基础，如透视、解剖和构图，是你艺术生涯中重要的组成部分。这些技能可能看起来很基本，但它们会对你未来的艺术作品产生很大的影响)”说明本段介绍的方法是注重基础，基础技能会对未来的艺术作品产生很大影响，A项中basics是关键词，A项“学习基础知识”引出下文内容，适合作为段落标题句。故选A。【18题详解】上文“Searchonlineforclassesrunbyprofessionalartists—thesearegreat,handsonwaystoimproveyourskills.Alotofprofessionalclassescostmoney.(在线搜索由专业艺术家开办的课程——这些都是提高你技能的好方法。很多专业课程都要花钱)”说明很多课程需要花钱，E项中classes是关键词，E项“然而，一些大学提供免费的艺术课程”与上文形成转折关系，进一步提供更优化的建议，符合题意。故选E。【19题详解】上文“Inquireaboutfeedback.(询问反馈)”以及下文“Friendsorartacquaintancescanbeabighelp.Theycanhelppointoutareasofimprovement,soyouknowwhattofocusoninthefuture.(朋友或艺术界的熟人可以提供很大帮助。他们可以帮助你指出需要改进的地方，这样你就知道未来要关注什么)”可知，本段介绍的方法是听取其他人的反馈和意见，F项“让另一双眼睛看看你的作品”具体介绍要让其他人看你的作品，承上启下，符合题意。故选F。【20题详解】下文“Instead,loveandacceptyourartforwhatitisinsteadofexpectingittobeofprofessionalcaliberrightaway.(相反，要热爱并接受你的艺术，而不是期望它立即达到专业水平)”说明要热爱艺术，并接受你的艺术的程度，而不是期望它可以立刻达到专业的水平，D项“不要把你的艺术与真正的艺术家的艺术相比较”引出下文内容，说明只需要热爱艺术，不需要和专业水平的艺术家比较，符合题意。故选D。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenJessieMclndoc___21___hermother’shandmadeweddingdressattheageof6,sheimmediatelyannouncedthat,“I’dlovetowearthisoneday,”ensuringherlipscouldbeeasily___22___.Withinweeks,___23___,thedresswasforgottenasJessieandherparents,DeniseandPaul,faced___24___news:Denisewasdiagnosedwith___25___.Denisewasfoundherinnereardamagedevenbeforeshewasborn.Butthehearingimpairment___26___toslowherdownasshegrewintoawomanwhoalwayslaughed.Sixyearsaftertheirwedding,Jessiewasborn.And,ofcourse,fromagethree,Jessiewould___27___thephone.“Mumcan’ttalk.CanyouphonebackwhenDad’shome?”Despitethe___28___,therewasplentyhermothercoulddo,includingsewingcostumesforJessie’sdancerecitalsandmunicating___29___withherdaughter,usinghandsignals.WhenDenisefoundahugelumpinherbreast,withnotreatment___30___,shereturnedhome,facinglifewithherusual___31___.Manyyearslater,Jessiewasmarried.Assheslippedintohermother’sweddingdress,she___32___aflatrectangleenvelope.Readingthefew___33___pennedwordsandthe“lovefromMum”signatureatthebottom.Jessiecouldn’tstop___34___.Thenshedriedhertearsandpreparedtoenjoyeverymomentofthedayhermotherhadpicturedasshewrotethelastcard.Now,thegarmenthasbeencarefullypreservedinabox,awaitingthemomentJessiewillpassittoherownchildrentotouchthefabricthat___35___themtotheirgrandmother.21.A.putaside B.tookoff C.steppedinto D.woreon22.A.read B.heard C.seen D.felt23.A.however B.moreover C.luckily D.oddly24.A.exciting B.frightening C.forting D.annoying25.A.deafness B.fever C.cancer D.blindness26.A.succeeded B.decided C.failed D.attempted27.A.fix B.speak C.talk D.answer28.A.condition B.pain C.flaw D.trouble29.A.formally B.silently C.poorly D.strangely30.A.painful B.impossible C.effortless D.available31.A.care B.wisdom C.energy D.smile32.A.lost B.presented C.spotted D.received33.A.independently B.painstakingly C.unknowingly D.hardly34.A.touching B.sobbing C.plaining D.shouting35.A.bring B.separate C.acpany D.connect【答案】21.C22.A23.A24.B25.C26.C27.D28.A