Unit 2 Topic 2【B卷（能力提升）】-2024-2025学年九年级英语上册单元速记巧练（仁爱版）

Unit2SavingtheearthTopic1Pollutionhascausedtoomanyproblems.【话题测试·提升卷】（满分100分，时间80分钟）I.单项选择。（共15小题，每小题1分，计15分。）1．—Is_____readyforthetrip?

—No,wehaven’tgotacamera.A．nothing B．everything C．something D．anything2．Thechildwantstochangeiron________gold.It’simpossible.A．to B．in C．into D．onto3．Theairhasbeenmuch________theseyears.Governmentsaretakingactionagainstpollution.A．badly B．worst C．bad D．worse4．________Ididn’tfeelwellthismorning,________Istillgotoworkontime.A．Though;/ B．Because;/ C．Though;but D．Because;so5．Ididn’thave______tosay,soIsaid________.A．something;anything B．anything;nothing C．anything;something D．something,nothing6．Thedoctortoldhimthat______wasnecessarytotakethemedicineontime.A．that B．this C．it D．he7．—WhenareyougoingtoKunmingforyourholidays?—Ihaven’tdecided.______thisSunday_____nextSundayisOK.A．Both,and B．Either,or C．Neither,nor D．Between,and8．—Whichofthetwosubjectsdoyoulike,PEormusic?—________.Theyarereallyinteresting.A．Neither B．Both C．None D．All9．Thecleanersmustkeepthestreet_____.A．fromgettingdirty B．todirty C．togetdirty D．gettingdirty10．Thefloodhas_______theirhouses,butthegovernmenthasprovidedthemwithnewbuildingstolivein.A．blownaway B．washedaway C．putaway D．takenaway11．Thewaterintheriver________alotandweshould________moneytorepair(修缮)thebrokenbridgeassoonaspossible.A．raises;rise B．rises;raise C．rises;rise12．—Herearethreebooksonhistory.Whichonewouldyoulike?—________.I’mnotinterestedinhistory.A．None B．All C．Both D．Little13．—Whatterribleweatheritis!

—thatit’llgetworselater.A．Itisreported B．Itreport C．Itsaid D．Itsupposed14．Weshouldusesidesofpaper.A．all B．each C．neither D．both15．Wemustplantmoretreesafterwe_____everyyear.A．cutoffthem B．cutthemoff C．cutdownthem D．cutthemdownII.完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1.5分，计15分。）Theearthisourhomeandwemusttakegoodcareofit.Thatistosaywemust16theland,airandwaterclean.Butman17alotofpollutionontheearthsincehefirstmadeafire,washedhisclothesintheriverandthrew18ontheground.Manyyearsago,pollutionwasnotsoserious19therewerenotsomanypeople.Therewasenough20air,landandwater.Whenthelandortheriverwasdirtyinoneplace,manmovedto21place.Nowmanisslowly22thewholeworldandthereisneitherenoughcleanair,norcleanland,norcleanwater.Themorepeoplethereareinoneplace,23environmenttheymaybehave.Perhapsyou24itisendlessforpeopletoproducepollution.25,wearegladtotellyouthatpeoplehavecometoknowthedangerofpollutionandmoreandmorepeopleareworkinghardtoprotectourearth.16．A．have B．take C．watch D．keep17．A．produced B．hasproduced C．isproducing D．willproduce18．A．rubbish B．somethingclean C．somethinguseful D．food19．A．so B．if C．because D．but20．A．clean B．clear C．dirty D．fresh21．A．other B．theother C．another D．others22．A．polluting B．working C．wasting D．going23．A．theworst B．theworse C．thebad D．worse24．A．areglad B．arepleased C．afraid D．areafraid25．A．Quickly B．Especially C．Luckily D．Angrily=3\*ROMANIII.阅读理解。（共20小题，每小题2分，计40分。）ADon’tthrowawayyouroldphones.Youareactuallythrowingawayrealgold!Smartphoneshasmanyusefulthingssuchasgold,silverandcopper(铜).Peoplecanrecyclethemtomakenewelectronics(电子器件).Butmanypeoplemaynotknowthis.InAustraliaalonetherearemorethan25millionunusedmobilephoneslyingaround,SydneyMorningHeraldreported.Thegoldinthesephonescanadduptomorethan$80million(542millionyuan).Thereareabout2billionsmartphoneuserswhochangetheirphoneonceevery11months.Sothenumberoftheoldphonesisamazingaroundtheworld.EspeciallyinChina,peopleproduce80millionoldphoneseveryyear,accordingtoNewExpressDaily.However,it’snoteasytogettheusefulthingsoutofthephones.Smartphoneshavenotonlyusefulthings,butalsoharmfulmaterials(有害物质).Guiyu,asmalltowninShantou,Guangdong,isoneoftheworld’sbiggestdumpinggrounds(垃圾倾倒场)forelectronicwaste,Reutersreported.ManyrecyclingcentersinGuiyusimplybreaktheoldelectronicsbyhandanddon’tthinkaboutthepollutionitcauses.Accordingtoalocalgovernmentreport,81percentofthechildreninGuiyuareharmedbyleadpoisoning(铅中毒).26．Torecycleoldphones,howcanpeopledealwiththem?A．Throwthemaway. B．Makegoldrings.C．Makenewelectronics. D．Cleanthecity’sroads.27．Howoftendosmartphoneuserschangetheirphones?A．Onceamonth. B．Onceevery11months.C．Twiceevery18months. D．Twiceamonth.28．ThekidsinGuiyugetleadpoisoningbecause________.A．PeopleinGuiyuliketothrowawayoldphones.B．Guiyuhastheworld’sbiggestlead(铅)factory.C．Guiyuusesmachinestorecycleelectronics.D．Guiyuispollutedbyelectronicwaste.BBirdsdon’tlikeeatingplastic.Butmoreseabirdsareeatingplasticwasteintheworld’soceans.Why?Itispossiblybecausetheplasticwastesmellslikefood,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalScienceAdvances.MatthewSavocaisthestudy’sleadauthorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis.“Animalsusuallyhaveareasonforthedecisionstheymake,”hesaid.“Ifwewanttotrulyunderstandwhyanimalsareeatingplasticintheocean,wehavetothinkabouthowanimalsfindfood.”Thestudyfoundthatplasticwasteeasilygathersalgae(海藻)onthewater.Together,theygiveoffasmellthatisverysimilartothekrill(磷虾)thatmanyseabirdsfeedon.Itcouldexplainwhysomebirds―includingalbatrosses(信天翁)andshearwaters(剪水鹱)―arenearlysixtimesmorelikelytoeatplasticthanotherbirds.Theyusuallyfindfoodbytheirsenseofsmell.Moreplasticpollutionenterstheworld’soceanseveryyear.Astudylastyearshowedthatabout8milliontons(吨)ofplasticenterstheoceanseveryyear.Itisenoughtocovereverycoastlineintheworld.Birdsandotherseaanimals,suchasturtlesandfish,eatplastic.Itcanbadlyhurttheirorgans(器官).Somebirdsevenmistakenlyfeedtheirbabieswasteinsteadoffood.Scientistshopethisstudycanraiseanalarm(警报)aboutplasticinouroceansandhelpsavetheseabirds.29．Someseabirdsareeatingplasticwasteinoceansbecause________.A．seabirdslikeplasticwaste B．theplasticwasteiscolorfulC．theplasticwastesmellslikefood D．theyhavenothingelsetoeat30．InParagraph(段)5,thewritertellsusthat________.A．thereislessplasticpollutionintheoceanB．peopleunderstandwhyanimalsareeatingplasticintheoceanC．plasticpollutionisaseriousproblemD．everycoastlineintheworldisquitelong31．Whichofthefollowingwouldbeagoodtitle(题目)forthepassage?A．Birdsinouroceans B．PollutioncannotbestoppedC．Nomoreplasticpollution D．HelpsavetheseabirdsCLifetodayismucheasierthanitwashundredsofyearsago,butithasbroughtnewproblems.Oneofthebiggestispollution.Pollutioncomesinmanyways.Weseeit,smellit,drinkitandevenhearit.Menhavebeenpollutingtheearth.Manyyearsago,thepollutionwasnotsoseriousbecausetherewerenotsomanypeople.Whenthelandwasuseduportheriverwasdirtyinoneplace,menmovedtoanotherplace.Airpollutionisnowthemostserious.Airmakespeoplesick.Andlotsofpeoplenowaretryingtousesomethingtocleartheair.Waterpollutionkillsourfishandpollutesourdrinkingwater.Noisepollutionmakesusbecomeangrymoreeasily.Manycountriesaremakingrulestofightairpollution.Theystoppeoplefromburningcoalinhousesandfactoriesinthecity,andfromputtingdirtysmokeintotheair.PollutionbySO2isnowthemostdangerouskindofairpollution.Itiscausedbyheavytraffic.Itistruethatiftherearefewerpeopledriving,therewillbelessairpollution.Althoughmostofthepollutioniscausedbyus,wearetheoneswhocanchangethesituation.Theearthisourhome.Wemusttakecareofit.Andwemustpaymoreattentiontotheinformationinpollutionatthesametime.32．Whywasthepollutioninthepastlessserious?A．Becauselifeinthepastwaseasier. B．Becausetherewerenotsomanypeople.C．Becausemenstayedinoneplace. D．Becausepeopleusedlesscoaltomakefire.33．Accordingtothepassage,whichkindofpollutionisthemostserious?A．Airpollution. B．Noisepollution. C．Lightpollution. D．Waterpollution.34．Accordingtothepassage,whatdomanycountriesdotofightairpollution?A．Trytousesomethingtocleartheair.B．Askpeopletousepublictransportmore.C．Stoppeoplefromputtingsmokeintotheair.D．Encouragepeopletomovetoanotherplace.35．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．ASmallerandEasierWorld B．TakeCareofOurEarthC．HeavyandDangerousTraffic D．TheDangerofPollutionDLadiesandgentlemen,Ireturnedtothisyearinatimemachine.Intheyear2500,weareabletotravelthroughtimetoanyyearinthehistoryoftheearth.Thisyearisyourlastchancetochangeyourlifestyletosavetheearth.Beginninginthemiddleofthe20century,afewpeoplewereworriedaboutpollutingtheearth’swaterandair,butmostpeopledidnotchangetheirwayoflife.Instead,theycontinuedtopourdangerouschemicals(化学物品)andotherwasteintolakesandseas,todrivemoreandmorecarsandtrucks,andtocutdowntrees.Bytheyear2200,theearth’swaterwascompletelypolluted.Peoplecouldnolongerdrinkwater,andtheyhadtouseothertypesofliquids(液体).Scientistssaidthatinthefuturetheremightbetoomanypeopleontheearth.Butnotenoughwasdone.Sobytheyear2300,thereweresomanypeoplethatfoodbecamescarce.Therewasnowatertogrowfoodandallofthefishinlakesandseasdiedbecauseofpollution.Terriblewarsbrokeoutbetweentherichandthepoor.Scientistswereworkingveryhardtofindanotherplanetinspacewherehumanscouldlive.Bytheyear2400,theairwastoopollutedforhumanstobreathe.Sowehadtoleavetheearth.Butonlytherichwereabletoleave.Wheredidwego?Nowhere.Andeverywhere.Youseescientistsdidnotfindanothersafeplanet,sonowwemusttravelaroundtheuniverse(宇宙)inourspaceships.Wearestilllookingforaplacetocallourhome.Soitisuptoyoutochangehistory.Thereisstillhope.Youmustchangeyourlifestylenowbeforeitistoolate.36．WhichproblemisNOTtalkedaboutinParagraph2?A．Water. B．Air. C．Lifestyle. D．Food.37．Theunderlinedword“scarce”means“_________”inChinese.A．昂贵的 B．充足的 C．缺乏的 D．特殊的38．Whocouldleavetheearthbytheyear2400?A．Therich. B．Thepoor. C．Scientists. D．Theyoung.39．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．Onlyafewpeoplechangedtheirlifestyleinthe20hcentury.B．Therewasnocleanwaterforpeopletodrinkbytheyear2200.C．Allthefishdiedbecauseofthepollutionbytheyear2300.D．Allthepeoplefinallygottoasaferplanetintheyear2400.40．Thewriterreturnedtothisyearinorderto_________.A．askhumanstostoppolluting B．describewhatthefutureearthwouldbelikeC．tellpeopletosearchforanewhome D．inviteustotravelaroundtheuniverseIV.补全对话，6选5。（每小题2分，计10分。）Dr.JackTodisveryinterestedincleaningwater.41.Soit’snaturalthatheistodevelopasmallandaffordablesystem(系统)tocleanwastewater.His“LivingMachine”cancleanwastewaterinyourhomeorinyourbusiness.42.Thewastewatergoesintoabigplastictankwherebacteria(细菌)starttobreakdownthewaste.Afewdayslaterafteritisdealtwith,thewaterisbroughtintoagreenhousefilledwithplantsandfish.43,theplantsandanimalsremove(去掉)morechemicalsfromthewater,makingitcleaner.Thenthewatercanbereusedforwashingorbathing.44,butthewateriscleanenoughforwateringtheflower,washingthedog,orevenforbathingorswimming.Theadvantageofthistechnologyisthatitisaffordableandgoodfortheenvironment.45,

itcanhelptouselessfreshwater,anditcanhelpkeepthewatersupplyunpolluted.A．Ifenoughhomesandbusinessesuse“LivingMachines”B．WaterisimportantforusC．HeisalsointerestedinsavingmoneyD．ItcannotbeusedfordrinkingorcookingE．The“LivingMachine”isasystemforcleaningwastewaterF．WiththehelpofsunlightV.短文综合填空。（每小题1分，计10分。）Areportshowsthattheprocessingcenterhastodealwithalotofgarbageeveryday.Thegarbagehas46(increase)byover2,000tonssincelastyear.The47/meɪn/reasonforthatistakeout(外卖)food.To48thisproblem,Beijingpassedarulelastyear.According49therule,takeoutfoodcompanies(公司)hotels,andrestaurantsdon’t50/'ɒfə/plasticboxesorbagsforfreeanymore.Eleme,MeituanandBaidu,thethreeofChina’stakeoutfoodcompanies,receiveabout60millionorderseveryday.Ifeachorder51(produce)oneplasticbagandtwoplasticboxes,theusedboxeswouldbe2,400kilometers52iftheyareputinaline.Andifweputtheplasticbagstogethertheywouldcover1.2millionsquaremeters—even53(big)than168soccerfields.However,the54/'gʌuənmənt/mightneedmoremethodstomaketheruleeffective.Butifcustomersasktakeoutfoodcompaniestouseplasticbags,whatshouldthecompaniesdo?So55isnecessarytochangepeople’seatinghabits,too.Afterall,weonlyhaveoneearth.VI.情景对话。（每小题1分，计5分。）56．你问地理老师，我们怎么避免严重的污染问题，你这样问：____________________________________________________?57．政府宣传说我们要尽我们的努力阻止土地变成沙漠，可以这样呼吁：____________________________________________________.58．老师说“不要践踏草地和摘花”该怎么说？____________________________________________________.59．劝诫他人不要乱扔垃圾，你可以这样说：Don’t_______________________________________________.60．你告诉记者你的家乡有很多工厂把废水排到河里，你该怎么说？____________________________________________________.VII.书面表达。（计15分。）61．近日，日本政府决定向海洋排放对海洋环境有害的核废水。假如你是李华，请你给学校的英语报写一篇演讲稿，介绍此举的危害，并呼吁同学们一起保护海洋。要点：1.向海洋排放核废水的危害；2.我们可以如何保护海洋，如，不往海洋倾倒垃圾……(至少写出3条措施)；3.你的观点。要求：1.80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；2.文中不得出现真实姓名和校名；3.适当增加细节，使行文连贯，条理清晰。4.标点正确，书面整洁。参考词汇：核废水nuclearwastewaterOceanisveryimportanttohuman.Protectingoceanisbecomingafocusforusall.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：I.单项选择。（共15小题，每小题1分，计15分。）1．B【详解】句意：——旅行的一切都准备好了吗？——不，我们还没有相机。考查不定代词辨析。nothing没有事情；everything每件事情；something一些事情；anything任何事情。根据答语“No,wehaven’tgotacamera”，可知，是询问旅行的一切是否准备好，故选B。2．C【详解】句意：这孩子想把铁变成金。这是不可能的。考查介词辨析。to到，朝，向；in在……里；into到……里面；onto到……之上。根据“changeiron...gold”可知，是把铁变成金，o...表示“把……变成……”。故选C。3．D【详解】句意：这些年来空气变得更糟了。政府正在采取措施治理污染。考查比较级。badly糟糕地，副词；worst最糟糕的；bad坏的；worse更糟糕的。根据“much”可知，此处需要用比较级，故选D。4．A【详解】句意：虽然今天早上我感觉不舒服，但我仍然按时上班。考查连词辨析。Though虽然，尽管；Because因为；/不填；but但是；so所以。根据“Ididn’tfeelwellthismorning”和“Istillgotoworkontime.”可知，两者为让步关系，应用though引导让步状语从句，且不与but连用。故选A。5．B【详解】句意：我没有什么可说，因此我什么也没说。something某事，一些事，常用于肯定句中；anything任何事，一些事，常用于否定句或疑问句中；nothing没什么事，表示否定的意思。第一句话是否定句，故应用anything，排除A和D。根据句意可知，“没有什么事要说，所以就什么也没有说”，第二句话表示否定的意思，应用nothing，故选B。6．C【详解】句意：医生告诉他按时吃药是有必要的。that那，那个；this这，这个；it它；he他，人称代词主格形式。根据句子结构可知，这句话使用了句型itis/was+形容词+todosth.“做某事是…的”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。故应选C。7．B【详解】句意：-你打算什么时候去昆明度假？-我还没有决定。或者这个星期天或者下个星期天都可以。Both…and…两者都；Either…or…或者…或者；要么…要么；Neither…nor…既不…也不…；两者都不；Between…and…在…和…两者之间。根据句意Ihaven’tdecided以及…isOK可知，这里表示“这个周日或者下个周日都可以”，故应选B。8．B【详解】句意：——体育和音乐这两科你喜欢哪一门？——都喜欢。它们真的有趣。考查不定代词辨析。Neither两者都不；Both两者都；None三者及三者以上都不；All三者及三者以上都。根据“Theyarereallyinteresting”可知，两科都喜欢，故选B。9．A【分析】【详解】句意：这些清洁工必须保持街道不被弄脏。考查动词短语。固定搭配：“keepsb.fromdoingsth.”，意为“阻止某人做某事”，故选A。10．B【详解】句意：洪水冲毁了他们的房屋，但政府为他们提供了新的住房。考查动词短语。blownaway吹走；washedaway冲垮，冲走；putaway收起来；takenaway拿走。根据“Theflood…theirhouses”可知，洪水冲垮了房屋。故选B。11．B【详解】句意：河水涨了很高，我们应该筹集资金尽快修复这座断桥。考查动词辨析。rise上升，上涨，为不及物动词；raise举起，筹集，为及物动词。第一空指河水上涨，填不及物动词rises；第二空表示“筹钱”，money作宾语，填及物动词raise。故选B。12．A【详解】句意：——这里有三本关于历史的书。你想要哪一本？——都不想要。我对历史不敢兴趣。考查代词辨析。None没有一个；All所有，全部；Both两者都；Little少得几乎没有。根据“I’mnotinterestedinhistory.”可知，三本书都不想要；表示三者及以上都不应用None。故选A。13．A【详解】句意：—天气太糟糕了！—据报道以后情况会更糟。考查固定句型。本句如果是宾语从句，主句是一般现在时，从句时态可用任何时态；主句时态是一般过去时，从句使用过去的某种时态。本句从句thatit’llgetworselater是一般将来时，C和D是一般过去时，故排除；It是第三人称单数，谓语应使用三单形式，故B错误。句型Itisreportedthat+从句：据报道……，此处It作形式主语，从属连词that引导的是主语从句，类似的用法Itissaid/supposed/knownthat+从句：据说/据认为/众所周知……。故选A。14．D【详解】句意：我们应该用双面纸。考查不定代词。A.all（三者及三者以上）都，三个及以上；B.each每一个；C.neither（两个中）都不；D.both二者都，两者。根据常识纸张有两面；可知选D。15．D【详解】试题分析：句意：每年我们必须在砍伐树木之后种更多的树。“砍伐”是cutdown，这是一个动词加副词构成的词组，宾语是代词时要放在词组中间，故选D。考点：考查动词词组的用法II.完形填空。（共10小题，每小题1.5分，计15分。）16．D17．B18．A19．C20．A21．C22．A23．B24．D25．C【导语】本文主要介绍了地球是如何被污染的，以及人们已经认识到污染的危害，越来越多的人正在努力保护我们的地球。16．句意：也就是说，我们必须保持土地、空气和水的清洁。have有；take带走；watch看；keep保持。根据“theland,airandwaterclean”可知，是保持土地、空气和水的清洁。故选D。17．句意：但是，自从人类第一次生火，在河里洗衣服，把垃圾扔在地上以来，他已经对地球产生了大量的污染。produced产生，过去式或过去分词；hasproduced现在完成时；isproducing现在进行时；willproduce一般将来时。根据“sincehefirstmadeafire,washedhisclothesintheriver...”可知，此处应用完成时。故选B。18．句意：但是，自从人类第一次生火，在河里洗衣服，把垃圾扔在地上以来，他已经对地球产生了大量的污染。rubbish垃圾；somethingclean某些干净的东西；somethinguseful某些有用的东西；food食物。根据“Butman...alotofpollutionontheearth”和“threw...ontheground”可知，造成了污染，应是往地上扔垃圾。故选A。19．句意：许多年前，污染没有那么严重，因为没有那么多的人。so所以；if如果，是否；because因为；but但是。根据“Manyyearsago,pollutionwasnotsoserious...therewerenotsomanypeople”可知，空格前后为因果关系，前果后因，故空格处应用because。故选C。20．句意：这里有足够干净的空气、土地和水。clean干净的；clear清楚的；dirty脏的；fresh清新的。根据“Whenthelandortheriverwasdirtyinoneplace,manmovedto...”和“...theland,airandwaterclean”可知，从前地球上有足够干净的空气、土地和水。故选A。21．句意：当一个地方的土地或河流变得肮脏时，人们就搬到另一个地方。other其他的，后接名词复数；theother两者中的另一个；another三者或三者以上中的另一个；others其他。根据“Whenthelandortheriverwasdirtyinoneplace,manmovedto...place”可知，一个地方变脏了，就搬到另一个地方，地球上有很多地方，表示三者或三者以上中的另一个地方，用another。故选C。22．句意：现在人类正在慢慢污染整个世界，没有足够的清洁空气，没有干净的土地，也没有干净的水。polluting污染；working工作；wasting浪费；going去。根据“thereisneitherenoughcleanair,norcleanland,norcleanwater”可知，没有足够的清洁空气，没有干净的土地，也没有干净的水，说明人类正在污染世界。故选A。23．句意：一个地方的人越多，那里的环境可能就越差。theworst最差；theworse更差；thebad差的；worse更差。根据“Themorepeoplethereareinoneplace...environmenttheymaybehave”可知，此处为“the+比较级+主谓，the+比较级+主谓”的结构，意为“越……，就越……”。故选B。24．句意：也许你害怕人们无休止地制造污染。areglad开心；arepleased高兴；afraid害怕；areafraid害怕。根据“Perhapsyou...itisendlessforpeopletoproducepollution”可知，此处应用谓语动词，人们无休止地制造污染，这是令人害怕的。故选D。25．句意：幸运的是，我们很高兴地告诉你，人们已经认识到污染的危害，越来越多的人正在努力保护我们的地球。Quickly快速地；Especially尤其；Luckily幸运地；Angrily生气地。根据“wearegladtotellyouthatpeoplehavecometoknowthedangerofpollutionandmoreandmorepeopleareworkinghardtoprotectourearth”可知，人们已经认识到污染的危害，越来越多的人正在努力保护我们的地球，这很幸运。故选C。=3\*ROMANIII.阅读理解。（共20小题，每小题2分，计40分。）A篇：26．C27．B28．D【导语】本文主要介绍了智能手机有很多有用的金属，人们可以回收制造新的电子产品，此外智能手机还含有有害的物质，对人的身体和环境有危害。26．细节理解题。根据“Smartphoneshasmanyusefulthingssuchasgold,silverandcopper(铜).Peoplecanrecyclethemtomakenewelectronics(电子器件).”可知人们可以回收旧手机来制造新的电子器件，故选C。27．细节理解题。根据“Thereareabout2billionsmartphoneuserswhochangetheirphoneonceevery11months.”可知平均而言，智能手机用户每11个月更换一次手机，故选B。28．细节理解题。根据“ManyrecyclingcentersinGuiyusimplybreaktheoldelectronicsbyhandanddon’tthinkaboutthepollutionitcauses.Accordingtoalocalgovernmentreport,81percentofthechildreninGuiyuareharmedbyleadpoisoning(铅中毒).”可知贵屿的孩子们铅中毒是因为贵屿被电子垃圾污染了。故选D。B篇：29．C30．C31．D【导语】本文主要通过研究来发现鸟类为什么吃塑料以及塑料污染的危害性，作者希望通过这篇文章来呼吁人们拯救海鸟。29．细节理解题。根据“Itispossiblybecausetheplasticwastesmellslikefood,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalScienceAdvances”可知，因为塑料垃圾闻起来像食物，故选C。30．推理判断题。根据“Moreplasticpollutionenterstheworld’soceanseveryyear…Itisenoughtocovereverycoastlineintheworld”可知，第五段主要告诉我们塑料污染是一个严重的问题，故选C。31．最佳标题题。根据“Scientistshopethisstudycanraiseanalarm(警报)aboutplasticinouroceansandhelpsavetheseabirds.”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了呼吁人们拯救海鸟，所以D选项“帮助拯救海鸟”符合本文标题，故选D。C篇：32．B33．A34．C35．B【导语】本文主要讲述的是现在的生活比以前要容易，但是带来了很多污染问题。尤其是空气污染，呼吁大家一起保护我们共同的的家园地球，减少污染。32．细节理解题。根据“thepollutionwasnotsoseriousbecausetherewerenotsomanypeople”可知，过去没有如此多的人，所以污染不是很严重。故选B。33．细节理解题。根据“Airpollutionisnowthemostserious.”可知，空气污染是最严重的。故选A。34．细节理解题。根据“Theystoppeoplefromburningcoalinhousesandfactoriesinthecity,andfromputtingdirtysmokeintotheair.”可知，阻止排放脏的烟雾进入空气中。故选C。35．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了污染现在变得很严重，所以呼吁我们保护地球；结合选项，B选项“爱护我们的地球”为最佳标题。故选B。D篇：36．D37．C38．A39．D40．A【导语】本文主要讲述了环境污染的严重事实，作者通过时间隧道从2500年穿越回到了20到25世纪的不同时代，并描述了各个不同时代的污染的严重性，提醒人类保护环境，爱护人类自己。36．细节理解题。根据“Beginninginthemiddleofthe20century,afewpeoplewereworriedaboutpollutingtheearth’swaterandair,butmostpeopledidnotchangetheirwayoflife.”可知本段主要涉及到了空气质量、水资源和人类的生活方式，唯独没有提到食物方面的问题，故选D。37．词义猜测题。根据“Sobytheyear2300,thereweresomanypeoplethatfoodbecamescarce.”可知截止到2300年，地球上的人类是如此之多以致于食物变得太少。再加上下一句“Therewasnowatertogrowfood...”可知食物应该是不够人类吃的，因此C选项符合。故选C。38．细节理解题。根据“Butonlytherichwereabletoleave.”可知只有富人才能离开。故选A。39．细节理解题。根据“Youseescientistsdidnotfindanothersafeplanet,sonowwemusttravelaroundtheuniverseinourspaceships.”可知在2400年没有其他的星球可以去，人们只能在宇宙飞船里宇宙航行，因此D选项是错误的。故选D。40．推理判断题。根据“Thisyearisyourlastchancetochangeyourlifestyletosavetheearth.”、“Soitisuptoyoutochangehistory.Thereisstillhope.Youmustchangeyourlifestylenowbeforeitistoolate.”及文中提到的污染问题的严重性，可推出作者返回到这一年是为了呼吁人类停止污染。故选A。IV.补全对话，6选5。（每小题2分，计10分。）41．C42．E43．F44．D45．A【分析】JackToday博士发明了一个清理废水的系统，这种系统可以清洗家庭或企业里的废水，清理后的水可以用来洗衣服、洗澡、浇花、给狗洗澡等，可以再次利用，这样就有助于节约用水，对我们的环境也是有好处的。41．根据下句话Soit’snaturalthatheistodevelopasmallandaffordablesystem(系统)tocleanwastewater.“他在开发一个小的、可以买得起的清理废水的系统”，因此JackTod博士也非常的省钱。故应选C。42．根据这一段的内容可知，这一段给我们介绍了JackTod博士发明的废水处理系统。该空是这一段的第一句话，首句往往是概括这一段中心的句子，因此这里应选择的是这一段的中心句，故应选E，意为“生态机器是一个处理废水的系统。”43．上句话提到Afewdayslaterafteritisdealtwith,thewaterisbroughtintoagreenhousefilledwithplantsandfish.“水被带到一个充满了植物和鱼的温室”，后面theplantsandanimalsremove(去掉)morechemicalsfromthewater,makingitcleaner提到让水变得更干净，由此可推测，这里起到衔接上下文的作用，故应选F，意为“在阳光的帮助下”。44．根据上下文Thenthewatercanbereusedforwashingorbathing.4,butthewateriscleanenoughforwateringtheflower,washingthedog,orevenforbathingorswimming.可知，清理过的水可以用来洗衣服、洗澡，浇花、洗狗，甚至是游泳，且but表示转折，因此我们可以知道，这里应选D，意为“不能用来喝或者是做饭”。45．根据下句话itcanhelptouselessfreshwater,anditcanhelpkeepthewatersupplyunpolluted.可知，这里介绍了使用这个系统能带来的好处，故此空应用if表示条件，故选A，意为“如果有足够多的家庭和企业使用这种生态机器”。V.短文综合填空。（每小题1分，计10分。）46．increased47．main48．solve49．to50．offer51．produces52．long 53．bigger54．government55．it【导语】本文主要介绍了外卖食品塑料袋给环境造成的污染问题，以及政府对此问题采取的措施。最后呼吁大家保护环境，改变饮食习惯，爱护地球。46．句意：自从去年以来，垃圾已经增长了2000多吨。increase“增加”，此处用过去分词和助动词has构成现在完成时。故填increased。47．句意：主要的原因是外卖食品。根据音标可知，此处是单词main“主要的”。故填main。48．句意：为了解决这个问题，北京去年颁布了一项法令。根据“Beijingpassedarulelastyear.”可知，是为了解决这个问题，solve“解决”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填solve。49．句意：根据规定，外卖公司、酒店和饭店不再免费提供塑料盒子和塑料袋。根据“Ac