2024-2025学年新教材高中英语课时素养评价十七Unit6NurturingnatureDevelopingideas含解析外研版选择性必修第一册

PAGE十八Unit6DevelopingideasⅠ.单词拼法1.WewentfromLondontoWashingtonvia(经过)NewYork.2.Hemadeseveralfavorablecommentsabouttheircandidate(候选人).3.Huaweimobilephoneiseasytooperate,whichcanrunseveralapplications(应用程序)atthesametime.4.Opportunityfavors(偏爱;青睐)thosewithacuriousmind.5.Severalcenturiesago,peoplerealizedthatadvertisement(广告)couldhelptosellgoods.6.Wilsonhashadcountlesspleasantandoftenhumorousnegotiations(negotiate)withthestudentshetransportedtoandfromschool.7.Allthisdelicatelivingisnotforme;Iprefer(宁愿)thesimplelife.8.Asanapplicant,youwillbeaskedwhatyourhighesteducationqualification(资格;学历)is.9.Butunfortunatelyfromhiswaist(腰部)down,hehadnomotorability.10.Theyarenotmadeofgenuine(真的)leather,whichgiveoffbadsmell.Ⅱ.选词填空becomeawareof;behometo;anumberof;upanddown;ifnecessary;makeup;infavorof;findout;teamupwith;inaddition1.Theoperatorisverymuchinfavorofworkers’proposalontheconference.

2.Hejustdesiresasteadylife,soheprefersnottoteamupwithanyotherfellows.

3.Don’tdisturbhimnow,whomustfindoutthetruthofthisincident.

4.Headteachertoldusthatwewouldgotothegrasslandbytakinghiscarifnecessary.

5.Theboymadeupastorythathiswaistwasbittenbyasnake,whichmadeusfrightened.

6.IamlookingupanddownformywalletwhichwaslostwhenIenjoyedthescenery.

7.Itiscertainthatonedayinthefutureyouwillbecomeawareofallyourmistakes.

8.TheTibetanmountainareasarehometoantelopeandotherrareanimals.

9.Inaddition,theUNhelpsprotecthumanrightsandworkstoimproveinternationallaws.

10.Althoughour“act”wouldlastonlyforashorttime,wecouldseequiteanumberofinterestingthings.

阅读理解A(2024·青岛高二检测)“Itcan’tbedone.”BoyanSlatheardthisoverandoverwhenhefirstproposedawaytocleanupmillionsoftonsofplasticpollutingouroceans.Slat,whogrewupinthecityofDelftintheNetherlands,wasonadivingtripinGreecethreeyearsagowhenhewasdeeplyimpressedbyplastic.“Thereweremoreplasticbagsthanfish,”hesays.“ThatmomentIrealizeditwasahugeissueandthatenvironmentalissuesarereallythebiggestproblemsmygenerationwillface.”Thatfall,Slat,then17,decidedtostudyplasticpollutionaspartofahighschoolproject.Soon,Slatlearnedthatnoonehadyetcomeupwithpracticalwaytocleanupthismassivegarbagepatches.Mostproposedsolutionsinvolved“fishing”uptheplasticusingshipsequippedwithnets—which,asSlatdiscovered,wouldlikelytakemorethan1,000years,costtoomuch,letofftoomuchsealifealongwiththetrash.Slatproposedanalternativethatmostlyavoidedtheseproblems:asolar-poweredsystemusingafloatingplastictubewhichwillgoaroundthegarbageandtrapitis600meterslong.Wind,wavesandoceancurrentswillpushthetrashtowardthetube.Ashipwillpickupthetrashandtakeitbacktotheshore.Bestofall,SlatpredictedhissystemcouldcleanuptheNorthPacificGarbagePatchwithin5to10years.Thefollowing,SlatenteredtheaerospaceengineeringprogramattheDelftUniversityofTechnologyandofficiallyannouncedhisoceancleanupconceptatTEDxDelft.Butnothingmuchmovedforward.SlatorganizedateamofvolunteersandemployeesforTheOceanCleanup,whichnownumbersabout100.Inanswertoopposition,Slatandhisteamraised$100,000fromacrowdfundingcampaignandbegantestinga40-metercollectingbarrierneartheAzoresIslandslastMarch.Overthenextthreetofouryears,Slatwillpushtowardafullyoperationallarge-scaleprojectbytestingaseriesoflongerandlongerbarriers.【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Slat发觉海洋中的塑料垃圾污染日益严峻之后,想出了一种利用风、浪和洋流清理海洋中塑料垃圾的方法,人人都说他的方法不行行,但他仍旧坚持幻想并付诸实践。1.Whatinspiredtheboytostudyplasticpollution?A.Oneofhishighschoolprojects.B.Others’oppositiontohisproposal.C.Humans’failureincleaninguptheocean.D.Theshockinglyheavyplasticpollutioninocean.【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。依据Thereweremoreplasticbags...ahighschoolproject.可知Slat探讨塑料污染是因为他看到了海洋里有大量的垃圾,有的地方塑料袋甚至比鱼都多,即严峻的海洋塑料污染。D项Theshockinglyheavyplasticpollutioninocean.(海洋里令人震惊的塑料污染)符合以上说法。2.WhatcanwesayaboutSlat’sdesign?A.ItispowerfulbutonlyusedinCaliforniaandHawaii.B.Itishugebutcausesgreatdamagetosealives.C.Itmakesfulluseofnaturalforcesandisfriendlytonature.D.Itwaswelcomedbyallthepublicandworkedverywell.【解析】选C。推理推断题。依据第四段的Slatproposedanalternative...takeitbacktotheshore.可知利用风、浪和洋流将垃圾冲进管道是很环保的方法。C项Itmakesfulluseofnaturalforcesandisfriendlytonature.(它充分利用了自然的力气,而且是环保的)符合以上说法。3.Whatdoestheauthormainlydointhisarticle?A.Explainastrangeidea.B.Introduceafascinatingperson.C.Describeasocialphenomenon.D.Praiseapointofview.【解析】选B。推理推断题。文章的几乎每个段落都提到了Slat,故推想作者写这篇文章的目的是给读者介绍这个人。B(2024·太原高二检测)HowtoLetGooftheWorldandLoveAlltheThingsClimateCan’tChangeisthelatestmoviefromfilmmakerandclimateactivistJoshFox.Themovieisthethirdfilminathree-partseriesaboutclimatechange.In2010,Fox’sdocumentaryGaslandexploredthehotlydebatedprocessofremovingnaturalgasfromtheground.HeexaminedthesubjectagaininGaslandⅡ.Foxwasagainsttraditionalfossilfuels(矿物燃料)andinsupportofrenewableenergy.Inhisthirdfilm,Foxsayspollutionfromfossilfuelsmustbereduced.Withoutlimits,therewillbemoreextremeweather,likedryweather,risingsealevelsandlackoffoodandwater.“Whenyoureallymeetthathead-on,itcausesunbelievabledanger.”Foxnotestherearethingsthatclimatecannotchange.“Thoseareourvaluestructureandthatiswhatthefilmstartstoexplain.Westarttoreallyemphasizethethingsthatareinside—courage,love,generosityandcreativity.Ithinkthosearethecentersofwhatwetalkaboutwhenwetalkaboutaresponsetoclimatechange.”Inthenewfilm,FoxtravelsthroughasunlessforestintheAmazonwithlocalactiviststomeasureoilspills.HegoestoavillageinEcuadortolearnhowpeopletherestoppedapipelinefrombeingbuilt.HejoinsyoungpeopleinAustraliatostopshipsfromenteringtheportofNewcastle.“Youshouldprobablyknowthenegativepartofwhatwe’reabouttodo.Thisistheshortlist:drowning,arrest,beingrunoverbyboats,beingcarriedawayinwaterintothePacificOcean,culturaldisrespectandbigwaves.”Alsointhefilm,FoxtalkstoEllaZhou,anenergyexpert.Sheexplainedtheimportanceofwhatshecalls“moral(道德)imagination”.“Ithinkthatitforcesustogetoutofourboxofthinkingabout,forexample,whatisbeingsuccessful.Itallowsustohaveamoralvalueaboutwhatwewantasaperson.Whatdowewanttodofortheworldandforourselves?”【文章大意】本文是夹叙夹议文。气候活动家JoshFox采纳拍摄关于气候改变的系列电影的方式,让人们了解极端天气的危害,呼吁人们为避开极端天气做点什么。4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”referto?A.Theextremeweather.B.Thelackoffoodandwater.C.Thepollutionfromfossilfuels.D.Thesupportforrenewableenergy.【解析】选A。代词指代题。依据其次段“Withoutlimits,...meetthathead-on,itcausesunbelievabledanger(假如没有限制,就会有更多的极端天气,比如干燥的天气,海平面上升,缺乏食物和水。’当你真的遇到那个时,它会带来难以置信的危急’)”可知,that指代前面提到的各种极端天气。5.WhatdidFoxstarttoexplaininhisthirdfilm?A.Thecentersofourvaluestructure.B.Thecorrectresponsetoclimatechange.C.Theterribleeffectsclimatechangecauses.D.Theprocessofremovingnaturalgasfromtheground.【解析】选B。细微环节理解题。依据第三段“Thoseareourvaluestructure...aresponsetoclimatechange”可知,在第三部电影中,Fox阐述的是我们的价值结构。当我们谈到如何应对气候改变时,要强调内在的东西,如志气、爱、慷慨和创建力等。因此Fox在这部电影中谈论的是如何正确应对气候改变。6.WhydidFoxmakeashortlist?A.Tocallonpeopletojoinhim.B.Toexpresshisloveforadventure.C.Toprovethatfilmingisadifficultcareer.D.Tostressthedifficultiestheymetasclimateactivists.【解析】选D。推理推断题。依据第五段“Youshouldprobablyknowthenegativepartofwhatwe’reabouttodo”可知,Fox列出的清单都是他描绘的,在拍摄电影的过程中,作为气候活动家所经验的艰难。7.AccordingtoElla,whichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutmoralimagination?A.Ittellsusthewaytosuccess.B.Itmakesuscreativeinthinking.C.Itencouragesustorealizeourdreams.D.Ithelpsusfindthetruemeaningoflife.【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。依据最终一段Ella所说的话“itforcesustogetoutofourbox...aperson.Whatdowewanttodofortheworldandforourselves?(这种道德想象力会让我们跳出’只考虑胜利’的框框,而让我们从道德价值角度考虑,作为人我们须要什么,我们想为这个世界、想为自己做点什么?)”可知,Ella强调道德想象力的重要性,它可以帮助我们找到生活的真正意义。Ⅰ.完形填空(2024·青岛高二检测)Atmydaughter’srecentgraduation,aspeakerkeptrepeating,“Youcandoanythingwithadegreeinphilosophy.”Tothat,Ithoughtyoucandoanythingwiththeright1.

Ididn’thavea2jobuntilIwas27.WhenIwashired,Iwasbasically3.Mycarhadbrokendown.Iwaslivingwithtwootherpeopleandsleepingonacouch.MyfamilyandfriendsthoughtIwasgoing4.

Ididn’tfeelthatwaythough.Iwasn’tdoingwell5.Sure,friendsofminegotmarriedandboughthouses.Butneitherofthosechoices6me.Takingtheroad7traveledispartofbeinganentrepreneur(创业者).Iwantedto8mydream,whichwastoworkwithmyhandsandbecreative.Iwantedtobemyownboss.

Atthetime,Iwas9toyanimalsandsellingthematstreetfairs.Itwasn’teasy,butIstayedtruetomyself.Iwas10andhardworking.Iknowthosewerethequalitiesthatledmetoget11atmyfirstjob.Sodon’tgiveuphope.

OneSunday,IreadanarticleaboutatoycompanycalledWorldsofWonder.IknewIcouldmakeabetterteddybearthantheonetheywere12,althoughIhaddesignedjustafewcuddlytoysforanothercompany.Thenextday,Ivisitedthecompany’sofficesinpersonandtoldthemtheyneededme.Tomysurprise,they13tointerviewme.BecausetheycouldtellIwasenthusiastic.

Manyofusdon’t14newthingsbecausewe’resurewedon’thavetheskills.Butfrommyexperience,it’sfarmore15tohavetherightattitude.Almosteverythingcanbetaught.Areyouareadyandwillingstudent?

【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲解并描述作者坚持自己的创业梦,最终通过努力获得自己喜爱的工作的经验,告知我们只要有正确的看法就可以做成任何事情。1.A.direction B.attitudeC.way D.knowledge【解析】选B。句意:至于那点,我认为有正确的看法你可以做任何事情。依据下文的Butfrommyexperience,it’sfarmore_______tohavetherightattitude.可知此处用“看法”符合语境。

2.A.full-time B.specialC.creative D.surprising【解析】选A。句意:直到27岁我才有全职工作。依据下文的WhenIwashired可推想作者找到了全职工作,full-time全职的,故选A项。3.A.blessing B.annoyingC.starving D.satisfying【解析】选C。句意:被雇用时,我几乎处于啼饥号寒的状态。依据下文的Iwaslivingwithtwootherpeopleandsleepingonacouch.可推断当时作者处于啼饥号寒的状态。blessing祝愿;annoying令人生气的;starving饥饿的;satisfying令人满足的。故选C项。4.A.forward B.nowhereC.anywhere D.somewhere【解析】选B。句意:家人和挚友都认为我会一事无成。结合句意可知,此处考查短语gonowhere“一事无成”,故选B项。5.A.physically B.spirituallyC.mentally D.financially【解析】选D。句意:我在经济上做得不好。依据上文的Iwaslivingwithtwootherpeopleandsleepingonacouch.可推想作者的经济状况不好。physically身体上地;spiritually精神上地;mentally精神上地;financially经济上地。故选D项。6.A.upset B.disappointedC.envied D.excited【解析】选D。句意:但那些选择都不能让我兴奋。依据下文的Iwantedtobemyownboss.可知作者想创业,故推想那时结婚和买房都不是她所想要的,都不能让她兴奋。upset使懊丧;disappointed使悲观;envied嫉妒;excited使兴奋。故选D项。7.A.oftenB.nearlyC.lessD.easily【解析】选C。句意:选择一条更少人走的路是创业者的一部分。结合上下文可知,此处是指作者的选择和大多数人不一样,即她选择了一条少有人走的路,故选C项。8.A.follow B.change C.get D.earn【解析】选A。句意:我想跟随我的幻想,那就是用我的双手有创建性地工作。结合上下文可知,此处是指即使四周的挚友都结婚和买房,但作者依旧想跟随自己的幻想——创业。follow跟随,故选A项。9.A.copying B.making C.buying D.learning【解析】选B。句意:那时,我在制作动物玩具,然后拿到街边小集市售卖。依据上文的whichwastoworkwithmyhands可知此处用“制作”符合语境,故选B项。10.A.enthusiastic B.healthyC.friendly D.intelligent【解析】选A。句意:我充溢热忱并且努力工作。结合上下文可知,此处是指作者对自己当时做的事情充溢热忱,因为是通过他的双手和创建性制作的,且下文的BecausetheycouldtellIwasenthusiastic.也有示意。healthy健康的;friendly友好的;intelligent才智的。enthusiastic是原词复现,故选A项。11.A.hired B.lostC.warned D.supported【解析】选A。句意:我知道那些是我被第一份工作雇用的品质。依据前文的WhenIwashired可知此处用“雇用”符合语境,hire雇用;是原词复现,故选A项。12.A.improving B.researchingC.designing D.marketing【解析】选D。句意:我知道我可以制作一个比他们正在促销的更好的泰迪熊,尽管我已经给另一家公司设计了一些可爱的玩具。结合上下文可知,此处是指作者看到了该公司促销的泰迪熊,觉得她自己可以制作更好的。improving改善;researching探讨;designing设计;marketing促销。故选D项。13.A.denied B.agreed C.refused D.invited【解析】选B。句意:让我惊讶的是,他们同意面试我。依据下文的BecausetheycouldtellIwasenthusiastic.可推想该公司同意面试作者,故选B项。14.A.giveaway B.takeonC.putup D.letdown【解析】选B。句意:我们许多人都不情愿担当新东西,因为我们确定我们没有那个本事。结合上文内容可知,作者担当了为一家公司设计泰迪熊的工作,故此处用“担当”符合语境。giveaway赠送;takeon担当;putup举起;letdown使……悲观。故选B项。15.A.funny B.readyC.important D.successful【解析】选C。句意:但从我的经验来看,最重要的是有正确的看法。依据上文的Tothat,Ithoughtyoucandoanythingwiththeright_______.可推想作者认为有正确的看法是重要的,故选C项。

Ⅱ.阅读填句(2024·资阳高二检测)HowtoBeEco-friendlyIfyou’dlovetobemoreeco-friendlybutdon’tknowwheretobegin,startwithafewsmallchanges.1

Loweringyourenergy.Turnofflightsandunplugpowerstrips(电源插板)thatyou’renotusing.2Sincesomedevicescanstilluseenergyevenwhenthey’returnedoff,turnoffthesepowerstripsatnighttocompletelycutoffenergyuse.Ifyouneedtoleaveyourcomputer,orTVon,trysettingittosleepmodeinsteadofsimplyleavingiton.

Usingpublictransportation.3Keepingcarsofftheroadinrushhourscanalsoimprovetheairquality.Ifyoudoneedtodrivesomewhere,askfriendsifthey’dliketocarpool(拼车),sofewercarsareontheroad.

4

Saynotounnecessaryplasticstraws,lids,andbagsandstopusingplasticwrapandplasticcontainersforfoodstorage.Instead,youcanusereusablewaterbottlesmadeofsustainablemateriallikeglass,bamboo,andceramic.Consideringgrowingaplant.Theyaddmoreoxygentotheair,whichmeansalesspollutedair.Ifyoudon