第二章第17讲宾语从句学案

课程主题：宾语从句学习目标1.掌握宾语从句的基本用法；2.掌握宾语从句的三要素；3.对阅读进行综合训练。教学内容【进门测试】1.Ihaven’tseenherforyears.Idon’tknow______shelookslikenow.A.which B.why C.when D.what2.Sheaskedme_______Icouldhelpherwithherbox.A.what B.who C.if D.that3.Hebegantothinkabout_______heshoulddothenewwork.A.what B.who C.which D.how4.Canyoutellme____gettotherailwaystation?A.howcanI B.whatIcan C.howIcan D.whereIcan5.Idon’tknow_____.A.wheresheesfrom B.howoldisshe C.whenwassheborn D.whenissheborn6.－Canyoutellme_____?－Sure.HelivesonCenterStreet.A.wheredoeshelive B.wherehelives C.whyhelivesthere D.whatdoeshedo7.－Ms.Perry,canyoutellme_____?－Africa.A.whatthebabygiraffelikeseating B.whythebabygiraffelooksunhappyC.whenthebabygiraffewasborn D.wherethebabygiraffecamefrom8.－Excuseme,couldyoutellme_____?－Infiveminutes.A.howsoonwillthefilmbegin B.howsoonthefilmwillbeginC.howlongthefilmhasbeenon D.howlonghasthefilmbeenon9.－DidyouhaveagoodtimeinJilin?－eandhavealook.Myphotoswillshowyou_____.A.howwasthetrip B.whydidwegothereC.howwewentthere D.whatthetripwaslike10.Thismorningmymotheraskedme_____.A.whyheisnothere B.whereJuliawentlastweekendC.whattimeisit D.howdidmybrotherdoit【多元导学】1.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettotheschool?2.Hetellsme(that)heisgoingshoppingthisSunday.3.Everyoneknowstherearesixtyminutesinanhour.【互动精讲】宾语从句【知识梳理1】宾语从句的概念和结构在复合句中作主句宾语的句子叫宾语从句。即当宾语是由一个句子在充当时,这个句子就叫宾语从句。Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语)Ienjoyplayingbasketball.(动名词作宾语）Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）IknowMrLiteachesEnglish.(句子作宾语）Sheaskediftheanswerwasright.(句子作宾语）结构：主句+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句如：Ilovewhatyougaveme.从句主句连接词从句主句连接词【知识梳理2】宾语从句的引导词1.that引导的宾语从句陈述句（肯定或否定）作宾语从句,由连词that引导。因为that在从句中不作任何成分,也没有任何具体意思,因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。例1.I

think

(that)

this

answer

is

correct.例2.I

know

nothing

about

him

except

(that)

he

lives

the

next

door.例3.I’m

sure

(that)

Mary

will

e

here

on

time.2.if或whether引导的宾语从句一般疑问句作宾语从句,由连词whether或if引导,因为if/whether在句中翻译成“是否”,具有一定的意义,所以不能省略,且宾语从句要用陈述句语序。例1.I

want

to

know

whether/if

you

will

e

soon.例2.I

wonder

whether/if

you’d

like

to

read

the

novel.后接if/whether的常见词有：wanttoknow/wonder/doubt/I’mnotsure。能用if不能用whether的情况：If除了表示“是否”引导宾语从句外,还可表示“如果”,引导条件状语从句,此时从句遵守“主将从现”原则。例.Youwillachievegreatsuccess,ifyouhaveadreamandbelieveinit.3.wh疑问词引导的宾语从句特殊疑问句作宾语从句由疑问代词who、whom、whose、what、which等或疑问副词when、where、how、why等引导。例1.Do

you

know

when

the

meeting

will

begin?（你知道会议什么时候开始？）例2.Could

you

tell

me

who

teaches

us

English?（你能告诉我谁教我们英语吗？）例3.Do

you

know

which

is

faster,

a

car

or

a

plane?（你知道飞机和小汽车哪一个快？）例4.I

was

surprised

at

what

he

had

done.（他所做的事使我吃惊。）例5.I

wonder

how

much

these

shoes

cost.（我不知道这些鞋子多少钱。）【例题精讲】例1.—Youlooksoworried,James.Whathappened?—I’mstillthinking______Icanpasstheexamornot.A.though B.whether C.unless D.until例2.Overtheseyears,Ihavehadanewunderstandingof______peopletraditionallycallaperfectperson.A.how B.what C.who D.whom例3.—Mother’sDayising.ShallwemakesomepaperrosesforMum?—Soundsgreat!Butwouldyoupleaseshowme_______asIknowlittleaboutDIY?A.where B.why C.whether D.how例4.WeChinesehavemadeitclear_____wecan’tbeforcedtogiveupourrights.A.whether B.if C.what D.that例5.Arobotcando_______youhaveaskedittodo.A.how B.what C.when D.that【课堂练习】1.Ihear__________hewillbebackinamonth.A.whether B.that C.what D.which2.Theteacheraskedme__________Ineededanyhelp.A.whether B.that C.what D.which3.—Doestheteacherknow__________willethisafternoon?—Yes,hedoes.A.which B.whose C.where D.who4.Doyouknow_____Isawyesterday?Itwasmyfavoritestar,Jackie!A.whom B.when C.where D.how5.Teenagerswithworkingexperiencesknowmoreclearly________theywillbeinthefuture.A.who B.why C.where D.what【知识梳理3】宾语从句的时态1.如果主句是现在时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时）,从句的时态根据实际情况而定。例1.Sheknows(that)herparentswillarriveinNanjingtomorrow.例2.Iknow(that)helivedherefiveyearsago.例3.Wehaveheard(that)shepractisesdancingeveryday.例4.Iamlookingforwheremypurseis.2.如果主句是过去时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时）,那么从句要用相应的过去的具体状态。时态变化的规律如下表：一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时（不变）一般将来时过去将来时例1.Ididn’tknow(that)hewoulde.例2.MissLitoldus(that)shehadseenthefilm.例3.Isaw(that)shewastalkingwithhermother.注意如果主句中出现couldyou/wouldyou,要提醒学生这些不是过去时,而只是表示委婉语气,用法视为一般现在时,所以从句依具体时态而定。3.当从句是客观真理、定义、公理或定理时,不论主句是何种时态,从句都用一般现在时。例1.Theteachertoldus(that)theearthtravelsaroundthesun.例2.Shesaid(that)twoplusthreeisfive.【例题精讲】例1.—Doyouknow______tomorrow?—At8o’clock.A.whendidshee B.whenshecameC.whenwillshee D.whenshewille例2.—Howdoyouplantospendtheingsummerholiday?—Ihaven’tdecided.Iwonder_________duringtheholiday.A.whereamIgoingtospend B.whetheritwasgoingtobesunnyC.whowillIinvitetohaveatripwithme D.ifmymotherwillgivemeextrahomework例3.—IwonderwhatMr.Wangaskedyoujustnow?—Heasked________.A.whetherIwilltakepartinthesingingpetition B.howlongIhaveboughtmynewbikeC.whatwaswrongwithmyoldbike D.howmuchmoneydidIspentonbooks例4.—DoyouknowifTom____________toplaybaseballwithus?—Hewillifhe___________timetomorrow.A.es;has B.es;willhave C.wille;hasD.wille;willhave例5.Marywantedtoknow_________________A.ifwewouldhavea7dayholidayornot B.howsoonwewillbeinvitedC.ifBeijingisthecapitalofChina D.whatyouweretalking【课堂练习】1.Hewantedtoknow____________.A.whetherhespeaksatthemeeting B.whenthemeetingwouldstartC.whathe'sgoingtodoatthemeeting D.wherewouldthemeetingbeheld2.Idon’tunderstand________suchasillyquestioninclassyesterday.A.whydidJohnask B.whyJohnaskedC.whyisJohnasking D.whyJohnasks3.—Couldyoutellme______?I'mgoingtopickyouupattheairport.—At15:45thisFriday.A.whereyoumetme B.whoyouareingwithC.whenyoucamehere D.whattimeyouarearriving4.—Dad,pleasetellmewhenMum_____.Imissherverymuch.—Shewillreturnwhenshe____hertask.Andshewillbringanicepresentforyou.A.returns;finishes B.returns;willfinishC.willreturn;finishes D.willreturn;willfinish—Iwonderifyourfather_______youtogoswimming.—I’mnotsure.ButIwilltellyouifhe_______toletmejoinyou.A.willallow;agrees B.allows;agreesC.allows;willagree D.willallow;willagree【知识梳理4】宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序,即主语在前谓语在后,即使宾语从句本身是疑问句,也要将其变成陈述句语序。例1.Iheard(that)hewonaprize.例2.Theydon’tknowwhereheis.如果what’swrong/what’sthematter在句中充当宾语从句,语序不变。如果疑问词what或who在从句中作主语,其引导的句子作宾语从句时语序也不变。例1.Iwanttoknowwhat’swrongwithyou.例2.Shedoesn’tknowwhat’sthematterwithhim.例3.Jackdidn’tknowwhathappened.例4.Iwanttoknowwhat’sonthedesk.【例题精讲】例1.–Couldyoutellme______?–Welostthegame,butwearestillabletogotoAustralia.A.wheretheChinaNationalteamwouldplayagainstIraqB.whetherwewonthesoccergameagainstIraqC.whenhesawthesoccergamebetweenPRCandIraqD.whyhedidn’twatchthesoccergame例2.—Couldyoutellus_______?—Aboutfiveminutes.A.howsoonwillthefilmend B.howlonghasthefilmbegunC.howsoonthefilmhasended D.howlongthefilmhasbeenon例3.—Excuseme,couldyoutellme________?—There’saneshoponthethirdfloor.Youcanmakeitthere.A.whoIcouldhavemyputerrepairedB.howcouldIgettotheeshoptorepairmyputerC.whereIcanhavemyputerrepairedD.whicheshopIcangotorepairmyputer例4.—Mike,canyouexplain_______?—I’msorry,mum.Iwaslisteningtomusicanddidn’thearit.A.whyeverythinginthehouseisinamessB.whynobodyansweredthephonewhenIcalledyouC.howyoucanfinishthehomeworkinsuchashorttimeD.howyoucanmaketherobotworksincethereisnobattery例5.—Let’sgoonatriptoJimingTemplebyMobikethisSaturday,shallwe?—Goodidea.ButIwonder______.A.howcanIdownloadMobikeApp B.whetherit’sgoingtorainC.howmuchshouldwepayfortheMobike D.thatwecanmeetattheschoolgate例6.—Excuseme,couldyoutellme________?—Betterwalkthere.It’sonlyabouttenminutes’walk.A.howfarSuguoSupermarketis B.howfarisSuguoSupermarketC.howcanIgettoSuguoSupermarke D.howIcangettoSuguoSupermarket【课堂练习】—Couldyoupleasetellme______?—Ofcourse.A.howlongyouhaveborrowedthebook B.howyouthinkofthenewestmovieC.whenthenewshoppingmallwillbeopen D.whyyoulikewatchingtheprogram2.Jack’smotherwonders___________________.A.thattheputercosthimmuch B.howmuchwillhepayfortheputerC.iftheputerwillcosthimmuch D.howmuchhewouldpayfortheputer—Canyouimaginein100yearsfromnow?—It’llbeunbelievable.A.howwilllifebelike B.howlifewillbelikeC.whatlifewillbelike D.whatwilllifebelike—Excuseme,couldyoutellme______?—Infrontofthegateofourschool.A.whattimeshouldwearriveatthepark B.whereshouldwemeetC.whereIcanfindyoutomorrowmorning D.whatweneedtotakewithus5.—Canyoutellme__________?—Sorry,I’mnotsure.A.wherewastheTVseriesIntheNameofthePeoplemadeB.whowillberemendedasthehostofthecharityshowC.howwewilldowiththewaterpollutionD.whethertheyhavemarriedfor20years【课堂检测】单选题1.Theroadiscoveredwithsnow.Ican’tunderstand_____theyinsistongoingbymotorbike.A.why B.whether C.when D.how2.IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow_____I’vebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.A.which B.why C.what D.how3.—Doyouthink_________hehastakenthebag?—_________I’mmistaken.A.that;Until B.weather;If C.that;Unless D.whether;Unless4.—Doyouknow___theCapitalMuseum?—NextFriday.A.whenwilltheyvisit B.whentheywillvisitC.whendidtheyvisit D.whentheyvisited5.Doyouremember________whenyoulastsawhim?A.thatTomtoldyou B.wherewasTomgoingC.whowaswithTom D.whatTomisgoingtodo6.—Iwonder________MottStreet.—Gothreeblocksandturnright.It’srightthere.A.ifcouldyoutellmehowtogetto B.thatyoucouldtellmehowIcangettoC.ifyoucouldtellmehowIcangetto D.thatcouldyoutellmehowIcan7.—It’ssaidthatparentscanbeoffonFridayafternooniftheyneed.—Isthattrue?ButI’mwondering_________.A.thattheycanaskforleaveonFriday B.whycantheyaskforleaveonFridayC.whencantheyaskforleaveonFriday D.whethertheycanaskforleaveonFriday8.—Excuseme,couldyoutellme_______?—Yes.Goalongthestreetandturnrightatthecinema.Thenyouwillfindit.A.whereisthenearestbank B.wherethenearestbankisC.wherewasthenearestbank D.wherethenearestbankwas9.Wearegoingtohaveameetingthisafternoon.I'llcallWendytomakesure_______.A.whytostart B.whentostart C.whattostart D.whichtostart10.Wedon’tknow______.A.thisiswhosedictionary B.whosedictionaryisthisC.whosedictionarythisis D.whoseisthisdictionary11.－Yourbookisveryinteresting.Couldyoutellme_____?－InXinhuaBookstorenexttoourschool.A.wheredidyoubuyit B.whydidyoubuyitC.whereyouboughtit D.whyyouboughtit12.－I’dliketoknow_____.－Maybeintheforest.A.whetherwewillgocamping B.wherewewillgocampingC.whetherwillwegocamping D.wherewillwegocamping13.－Iwonder_____.－Yes,ofcourse.A.wherewecanbuytheparts B.howoftenyouhearformyoursisterC.ifImayhaveawordwithyou D.whyhearrivedlateyesterday14.－Doyouknow_____?－Foramonth.A.howlongwillshebeaway B.howlongshewillbeawayC.howoftenwillshegothere D.howoftenshewillgothere15.－Doyouknow_____?－Yes.It’sonyourtable.A.wheremydictionaryis B.whereismydictionaryC.whenIboughtmydictionary D.howIboughtmydictionary阅读理解Inmanyorganizations,perhapsthebestwaytopletecertainnewprojectsistogatheragroupofpeopleintoateam.Havingateamofpeopleattackaprojectoffersseveraladvantages.Firstofall,agroupofpeoplehavemoreknowledge,moreexperience,andmoreskillsindifferentfieldsthananysingleindividual（个体）does.Agroupcanworkmorequicklywheneverthetaskisassigned.Andagroupcaneupwithhighlycreativesolutions（解决办法）toproblemsbecauseofthenumbersofpeoplewhotakepartandgreaterresourcestheyhave.Also,agroupismorelikelytomakeriskydecisionswhichasingleindividualmightnotmake.Thisisbecausethegroupspreadsresponsibility（责任）toallthemembers.Andthus,ifthedecisionturnsouttobewrong,nosingleindividualcanbeheldaccountable（负有责任的）.Then,takingpartinagroupcanbeveryrewardingformembersoftheteam.Teammemberswhohaveavoiceinmakingadecisionwillnodoubtfeelbetteraboutdoingtheworkthantheymightdowhatisimposed（把……强加于）onthembyothers.Lastbutnotleast,theteammemberhasamuchbetterchangeto“shine”.Thisisbecausetheygetmorechancestohavehisorhercontributionsandideasnotonlyrecognized（认可）,butrecognizedashighlyimportant.Thiskindofhighrecognitionisbecauseateam’sachievementorinfluenceismuchhigherthantheindividual’s.Ateamcanfinishandachievewhattheindividualcan’tdo.Andateamcanreachaheightwhichtheindividualcan’treach.1.Howmanyadvantagesofateamarementionedinthepassage?A.TwoB.ThreeC.FourD.Five2.Thefirstparagraphmainlytellsusthat_________________.A.manyorganizationsgatherpeopleintoteamsB.itisgoodtoformateamtopletetasksC.newprojectsareoftensenttolargegroupsD.peoplewouldliketomunicateingroups3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoparagraphs2&3?A.Agroupofpeoplearesuretobehighlycreative.B.Ateamalwaysfinishmoretasksthanindividuals.C.It’sdifficultforateamtomakecreativedecisions.D.Themembersofagroupcanshareresponsibility.4.Ateamisworthtakingpartinbecause_________________.A.individualsdonothaverightstomakedecisionsB.teammembershavebetterchangestobeexcellentC.teammembersareeasilyrespectedbyotherpeopleD.individualscannotachievegoalsorreachaheight【要点回顾】语序语序时态连接词宾语从句【温故知新】课后巩固单选题1.—Canyoutellme?—Bydoingmoreexercisesandspeaking.A.howIcanimprovemy