建筑专业词汇中英文对照

建筑专业词汇《中英文对照》～～建筑专业词汇建设，建筑,修建tobuild,toconstruct建筑学architecture修筑，建筑物building房子house摩天大楼skyscraper公寓楼blockofflats（美作：apartmentblock)纪念碑monument宫殿palace庙宇temple皇宫，教堂basilica大教堂cathedral教堂church塔，塔楼tower十层办公大楼ten-storeyofficeblock柱column柱列colonnade拱arch市政townplanning(美作:cityplanning)营建许可证,建筑开工许可证buildingpermission绿地greenbelt建筑物的三面图elevation设计图plan比例尺scale预制toprefabricate挖土，掘土excavation基foundations，base，subgrade打地基tolaythefoundations砌好的砖列courseofbricks脚手架scaffold，scaffolding质量合格证书certificationoffitness原材料rawmaterial底板bottomplate垫层cushion侧壁sidewall中心线centerline条形基础stripfooting附件accessories型钢profilesteel钢板steelplate熔渣slag飞溅weldingspatter定位焊tacking引弧generatingofarc熄弧quenchingofarc焊道weldingbead坡口bevelededges外观检查visualinspection重皮double—skin水平方向弧度radianinhorizontaldirection成型molding直线度straightnessaccuracy焊缝角变形weldinglineangulardistortion水平度levelness铅垂度verticality翘曲变形bucklingdeformation角尺anglesquare对接焊缝buttweld母材parentmetal法兰密封面flangesealingsurface夹层interlayer表面锈蚀浓度surfacecorrosionconcentration挠曲变bendingdeformation超声波探伤ultrasonictesting/ultrasonicexamination压力容器pressurevessel预制下料prefabricationbaiting排版直径set-typediameter焊缝weldingline中幅板centerplate测量方法measuringmethod基准点datummark跳焊skipwelding允许偏差allowablevariation补强板stiffeningplate开孔tapping对接接头banjofixingbuttjointing角钢angleiron安装基准圆installationfundamentalcircle吊装立柱hoistinguprightcolumn焊接钢管weldedsteelpipe向心斜拉筋centripetalcantingpullrope带板bandplate槽钢胀圈channelsteelexpansionring环口collarextension局部变形localdistortion环缝circumferentialweld顶板topplate拱顶vault顶板加强肋stiffeningrib对接buttjoint胎具clampingfixture卷板机platebendingrolls中心支架centerbearingbracket椭圆度ovality等分线bisectrix搭接宽度lapwidth点焊spotwelding搭接焊overlapwelding对称symmetrically螺旋爬梯cocklestairs放料阀baitingvalve液位计contentgauge芬兰维萨拉VailslaOY美国美科”Met—coil，USA”集中式空调系统centralizedairconditioningsystem裙房annex热源heatsource平面位置的空间spaceofplanimetricposition密封性能sealingperformance机房machineroom节点timing专业"professionordiscipline都可以，要根据上下文"连体法兰couplingflange垂直井笼verticalwellcage变风量variableairrate施工面展开constructionunfolds违约行为noncompliance合同交底-contractpresentation管理承包商ManagementContractorparty工程量workamount实施的形象进度progressofimplementation完工资料as—builtdocumentation文整clear-up审核review汽车式起重机Autocrane深化图纸deependrawing设备配置计划equipmentfurnishmentplan结构预埋配合阶段Structurepre-embedmentassistancestage精装修阶段Finefitmentstage工程施工阶段Constructionstage工程竣工阶段Completionstage台钻Benchdrill冲击钻Churndrill手电钻Electricportabledrill砂轮切割机Abrasivecuttingoffmachine角钢卷圆机Angleironrollingmachine管道切断器Pipecuttingmachine铜管调直机Copperpipestraighteningmachine管道压槽机Bookjointsettingmachineforpipes管道压槽机Bookjointsettingmachineforpipes角向磨光机Anglepolishingmachine电动套丝机Electricthreadingmachine电动卷扬机Electricwinch电动试压泵Motor-drivenpressuretestpump手动试压泵Manualpressuretestpump阀门试压机Valvepressuretestdevice阀门试压机ValvepressuretestdeviceTDC（F)风管加工流水线TDC（F）airductworkfabricationstreamline等离子切割机PlasmacuttingmachineTDC（F）法兰条成型机TDC(F)flangestripshapingmill勾码成型机FormingmachineforflangeclampTDC(F）风管加工成型机TDC（F）ductfabricationshapingmill多普勒超声波流量检测仪Dopplerultrasonicflowdetector温、湿度传感器"Temperature，humiditysenor”精密声级计Precisionsoundlevelmeter风管漏风量测试仪、风室式漏风测试装置”Ductairleakagetester，airchamberairleakagetestingdevice”风罩式风量测试仪Airhoodairratetester微压计、毕托管、热球（电）风速仪"Micromanometer,pitottube，hotbulb(electrical)anemoscope”潜水泵Submergedpump电动弯管机Electricpipebender铜管弯管机Copperpipebender液压弯管机Hydraulicpipebender电动剪刀Electricclipper液压铆钉钳Hydraulicrivetingclamp线槽电锯Trunkingelectricsaw开孔器Tapper电动空压机Electricaircompressor液压千斤顶Hydraulicjack液压手推车Hydraulictrolley焊条烘干箱Weldingroddryingbox手拉葫芦Chainblock道（垫）木Sleeper转速表Tachometer电流钳型表Clip—styleammeter压力表Pressuregauge接地电阻测试仪Earthingresistancetestingdevice氧气表Oxygengauge乙炔表Acetylenegauge对讲机Walkietalkie文件和资料documentsandinformation建设单位Constructionunit安装单位Installationunita.DESIGNBASIS设计依据b.DESIGNSTAGE设计阶段c.CLIMATECONDITION气象条件d。GENERALROOMNAME常用房间名称e.ROOFING&CEILING屋面及天棚f。WALL（CLADDING)墙体（外墙板）g。FLOOR&TRENCH地面及地沟h.DOORS、GLASS、WINDOWS＆IRONMONGERY（HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件I.STAIRCASE、LANDING&LIFT（ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯j.BUILDINGMATERIALWORDSANDPHRASES建筑材料词汇及短语【BricksandTiles砖和瓦】【Lime，SandandStone灰、砂和石】【Cement，MortarandConcrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土】【FacingAndPlasteringMaterials饰面及粉刷材料】【Asphalt（Bitumen）andAsbestos沥青和石棉】【Timber木材】【MetallicMaterials金属材料】【Non—FerrousMetal有色金属】【Anti-CorrosionMaterials防腐蚀材料】【BuildingHardware建筑五金】【Paint油漆】k。OTHERARCHITECTURALTERMS其它建筑术语【Discipline专业】【ConventionalTerms一般通用名词】【ArchitecturalPhysics建筑物理】【NameOfProfessionalrole职务名称】【Drafting制图】a。DESIGNBASIS设计依据计划建议书planningproposals设计任务书designorder标准规范standardsandcodes条件图informationdrawing设计基础资料basicdatafordesign工艺流程图processflowchart工程地质资料engineeringgeologicaldata原始资料originaldata设计进度scheduleofdesignb.STAGEOFDESIGN设计阶段方案scheme,draft草图sketch会谈纪要summaryofdiscussion谈判negotiation可行性研究feasibilitystudy初步设计preliminarydesign基础设计basicdesign详细设计detaildesign询价图enquirydrawing施工图workingdrawing,constructiondrawing竣工图asbuiltdrawingc。CLIMATECONDITION气象条件日照sunshine风玫瑰windrose主导风向prevailingwinddirection最大(平均）风速maximum(mean）windvelocity风荷载windload最大（平均）降雨量maximum(mean）rainfall雷击及闪电thunderandlightning飓风hurricane台风typhoon旋风cyclone降雨强度rainfallintensity年降雨量annualrainfall湿球温度wetbulbtemperature干球温度drybulbtemperature冰冻期frostperiod冰冻线frostline冰冻区frostzone室外计算温度calculatingoutdoortemperature采暖地区regionwithheatingprovision不采暖地区regionwithoutheatingprovision绝对大气压absoluteatmosphericpressure相对湿度relativehumidityd.GENERALROOMNAME常用房间名称办公室office服务用房serviceroom换班室shiftroom休息室restroom（breakroom）起居室livingroom浴室bathroom淋浴间shower更衣室lockerroom厕所lavatory门厅lobby诊室clinic工作间workshop电气开关室switchroom走廊corridor档案室archive电梯机房liftmotorroom车库garage清洁间cleaningroom会议室(正式)conferenceroom会议室meetingroom衣柜间wardrobe暖风间H.V.A。Croom饭店restaurant餐厅canteen,diningroom厨房kitchen入口entrance接待处receptionarea会计室accountantroom秘书室secretaryroom电气室electricalroom控制室controlroom工长室foremanoffice开关柜室switchgear前室antecabinet（Ante.)生产区productionarea马达控制中心Mcc多功能用房utilityroom化验室laboratoryroom经理室managerroom披屋（阁楼）penthouse警卫室guardhousee.ROOFINGANDCEILING屋面及天棚女儿墙parapet雨蓬canopy屋脊roofridge坡度slope坡跨比pitch分水线water-shed二毡三油2layersoffelt&3coatsofbitumastic附加油毡一层extraplyoffelt檐口eave挑檐overhangingeave檐沟eavegutter平屋面flatroof坡屋面pitchedroof雨水管downspout，rainwaterpipe）（R。W.P）汇水面积catchmentarea泛水flashing内排水interiordrainage外排水exteriordrainage滴水drip屋面排水roofdrainage找平层levelingcourse卷材屋面built—uproofing天棚ceiling檩条purlin屋面板roofingboard天花板ceilingboard防水层water-proofcourse检查孔inspectionhole人孔manhole吊顶suspendedceiling，falseceiling檐板(窗帘盒）cornicef.WALL（CLADDING）墙体(外墙板）砖墙brickwall砌块墙blockwall清水砖墙brickwallwithoutplastering抹灰墙renderedwall石膏板墙gypsumboard，plasterboard空心砖墙hollowbrickwall承重墙bearingwall非承重墙non-bearingwall纵墙longitudinalwall横墙transversewall外墙external（exterior)wall内墙internal（interior)wall填充墙fillerwall防火墙firewall窗间墙wallbetweenwindow空心墙cavitywall压顶coping圈梁gird,girt,girth玻璃隔断glazedwall防潮层damp-proofcourse(D。P.C)遮阳板sunshade阳台balcony伸缩缝expansionjoint沉降缝settlementjoint抗震缝seismicjoint复合夹心板sandwichboard压型单板corrugatedsinglesteelplate外墙板claddingpanel复合板compositepanel轻质隔断light-weightpartition牛腿bracket砖烟囱brickchimney勒脚(基座)plinthg。FLOORANDTRENCH地面及地沟地坪grade地面和楼面groundandfloor素土夯实rammedearth炉渣夯实tampedcinder填土filledearth回填土夯实tampedbackfill垫层beddingcourse,blinding面层covering,finish结合层bonding(binding）course找平层levelingcourse素水泥浆结合层neatcementbindingcourse混凝土地面concretefloor水泥地面cementfloor机器磨平混凝土地面machinetrowelledconcretefloor水磨石地面terrazzoflooring马赛克地面mosaicflooring瓷砖地面ceramictileflooring油地毡地面linoleumflooring预制水磨石地面precastterrazzoflooring硬木花地面hard—woodparquetflooring搁栅joist硬木毛地面hard—woodroughflooring企口板地面tonguedandgroovedflooring防酸地面acid-resistantfloor钢筋混凝土楼板reinforcedconcreteslab(R。CSlab）乙烯基地面vinylflooring水磨石嵌条dividerstripforterrazzo地面做2％坡floorwith2％slope集水沟gully集水口gulley排水沟drainagetrench沟盖板trenchcover活动盖板removablecoverplate集水坑sumppit孔翻边holeupstand电缆沟cabletrenchh.DOORS,GLASS，WINDOWS&IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件木(钢)门wooden(steel)door镶板门panelleddoor夹板门plywooddoor铝合金门aluminumalloydoor卷帘门rollershutterdoor弹簧门swingdoor推拉门slidingdoor平开门side-hungdoor折叠门foldingdoor旋转门revolvingdoor玻璃门glazeddoor密闭门air-Tightdoor保温门thermalinsulatingdoor镀锌铁丝网门galvanizedsteelwiremeshdoor防火门firedoor（大门上的）小门wicket门框doorframe门扇doorleaf门洞dooropening结构开洞structuralopening单扇门singledoor双扇门doubledoor疏散门emergencydoor纱门screendoor门槛doorsill门过梁doorlintel上冒头toprail下冒头bottomrail门边木stile门樘侧料sidejumb槽口notch木窗woodenwindow钢窗steelwindow铝合金窗aluminumalloywindow百叶窗（通风为主）sun—bind,louver（louver，shutter，blind)塑钢窗plasticsteelwindow空腹钢窗hollowsteelwindow固定窗fixedwindow平开窗side-hungwindow推拉窗slidingwindow气窗transom上悬窗top—hungwindow中悬窗center-pivotedwindow下悬窗hopperwindow活动百叶窗adjustablelouver天窗skylight老虎窗dormerwindow密封双层玻璃sealeddoubleglazing钢筋混凝土过梁reinforcedconcretelintel钢筋砖过梁reinforcedbricklintel窗扇casementsash窗台windowsill窗台板windowboard窗中梃mullion窗横木mutin窗边木stile压缝条covermould窗帘盒curtainbox合页（铰链)hinge(butts)转轴pivot长脚铰链parliamenthinge闭门器doorcloser地弹簧floorcloser插销bolt门锁doorlock拉手pull链条chain门钩doorhanger碰球balllatch窗钩windowcatch暗插销insertbolt电动开关器electricopener平板玻璃plateglass夹丝玻璃wireglass透明玻璃clearglass毛玻璃（磨砂玻璃)groundglass(frostedglass）防弹玻璃bullet-proofglass石英玻璃quartzglass吸热玻璃heatabsorbingglass磨光玻璃polishedglass着色玻璃pigmentedglass玻璃瓦glasstile玻璃砖glassblock有机玻璃organicglassI.STAIRCASE，LANDING＆LIFT(ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯楼梯stair楼梯间staircase疏散梯emergencystair旋转梯spiralstair(circularstair)吊车梯craneladder直爬梯verticalladder踏步step扇形踏步winder（wheelstep）踏步板tread档步板riser踏步宽度treadwidth防滑条non-slipinsert（strips)栏杆railing（balustrade）平台栏杆platformrailing吊装孔栏杆railingaroundmountinghole扶手handrail梯段高度heightofflight防护梯笼protectingcage（safetycage)平台landing（platform）操作平台operatingplatform装卸平台platformforloading&unloading楼梯平台stairlanding客梯passengerlift货梯goodslift客/货两用梯goods/passengerlift液压电梯hydrauliclift自动扶梯escalator观光电梯observationelevator电梯机房liftmortarroom电梯坑liftpit电梯井道liftshaftj。BUILDINGMATERIALWORDSANDPHRASES建筑材料词汇及短语BricksandTiles砖和瓦红砖redbrick粘土砖claybrick瓷砖glazedbrick（ceramictile)防火砖firebrick空心砖hollowbrick面砖facingbrick地板砖flooringtile缸砖clinkerybrick马赛克mosaic陶粒混凝土ceramsiteconcrete琉璃瓦glazedtile脊瓦ridgetile石棉瓦asbestostile(shingle）波形石棉水泥瓦corrugatedasbestoscementsheetLime,SandandStone灰、砂和石石膏gypsum大理石marble汉白玉whitemarble花岗岩granite碎石crushedstone毛石rubble蛭石vermiculite珍珠岩pearlite水磨石terrazzo卵石cobble砾石gravel粗砂coursesand中砂mediumsand细砂finesandCement,MortarandConcrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥）Portlandcement硅酸盐水泥silicatecement火山灰水泥pozzolanacement白水泥whitecement水泥砂浆cementmortar石灰砂浆limemortar水泥石灰砂浆（混合砂浆）cement-limemortar保温砂浆thermalmortar防水砂浆water-proofmortar耐酸砂浆acid-resistantmortar耐碱砂浆alkaline—resistantmortar沥青砂浆bituminousmortar纸筋灰paperstripmixedlimemortar麻刀灰hempcutlimemortar灰缝mortarjoint素混凝土plainconcrete钢筋混凝土reinforcedconcrete轻质混凝土lightweightconcrete细石混凝土fineaggregateconcrete沥青混凝土asphaltconcrete泡沫混凝土foamedconcrete炉渣混凝土cinderconcreteFacingAndPlasteringMaterials饰面及粉刷材料水刷石graniticplaster斩假石artificialstone刷浆limewash可赛银casein大白浆whitewash麻刀灰打底hempcutsandlimeasbase喷大白浆两道sprayedtwicewithwhitewash分格抹水泥砂浆cementmortarplastersectioned板条抹灰lathandplasterAsphalt（Bitumen)andAsbestos沥青和石棉沥青卷材asphaltfelt沥青填料asphaltfiller沥青胶泥asphaltgrout冷底子油adhesivebitumenprimer沥青玛啼脂asphalticmastic沥青麻丝bitumasticoakum石棉板asbestossheet石棉纤维asbestosfiberTimber木材裂缝crack透裂split环裂shake干缩shrinkage翘曲warping原木log圆木roundtimber方木squaretimber板材plank木条batten板条lath木板board红松redpine白松whitepine落叶松deciduouspine云杉spruce柏木cypress白杨whitepoplar桦木birch冷杉fir栎木oak榴木willow榆木elm杉木cedar柚木teak樟木camphorwood防腐处理的木材preservative—treatedlumber胶合板plywood三（五）合板3(5）-plywood企口板tonguedandgroovedboard层夹板laminatedplank胶合层夹木材glue-laminatedlumber纤维板fiber—board竹子bambooMetallicMaterials金属材料黑色金属ferrousmetal圆钢steelBar方钢squaresteel扁钢steelstrap,flatsteel型钢steelsection（shape）槽钢channel角钢anglesteel等边角钢equal—legangle不等边角钢unequal-legangle工字钢I-beam宽翼缘工字钢wideflangeI—beam丁(之)字钢T—bar（Z—bar)冷弯薄壁型钢lightgaugecold—formedsteelshape热轧hot-rolled冷轧cold—rolled冷拉cold—drawn冷压cold—pressed合金钢alloysteel钛合金titaniumalloy不锈钢stainlesssteel竹节钢筋corrugatedsteelbar变形钢筋deformedbar光圆钢筋plainroundbar钢板steelplate薄钢板thinsteelplate低碳钢lowcarbonsteel冷弯coldbending钢管steelpipe(tube）无缝钢管seamlesssteelpipe焊接钢管weldedsteelpipe黑铁管ironpipe镀锌钢管galvanizedsteelpipe铸铁castiron生铁pigiron熟铁wroughtiron镀锌铁皮galvanizedsteelsheet镀锌铁丝galvanizedsteelwire钢丝网steelwiremesh多孔金属网expandedmetal锰钢managanesesteel高强度合金钢highstrengthalloysteelNon—FerrousMetal有色金属金gold白金platinum铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze银silver铝aluminum铅leadAnti—CorrosionMaterials防腐蚀材料聚乙烯polythene,polyethylene尼龙nylon聚氯乙烯PVC（polyvinylchloride）聚碳酸酯polycarbonate聚苯乙烯polystyrene丙烯酸树酯acrylicresin乙烯基酯vinylester橡胶内衬rubberlining氯丁橡胶neoprene沥青漆bitumenpaint环氧树脂漆epoxyresinpaint氧化锌底漆zincoxideprimer防锈漆anti-rustpaint耐酸漆acid-resistantpaint耐碱漆alkali-resistantpaint水玻璃sodiumsilicate树脂砂浆resin-bondedmortar环氧树脂epoxyresinBuildingHardware建筑五金钉子nails螺纹屋面钉spiral—threadedroofingnail环纹石膏板钉annular-ringgypsumboardnail螺丝screws平头螺丝flat—headscrew螺栓bolt普通螺栓commercialbolt高强螺栓highstrengthbolt预埋螺栓insertbolt胀锚螺栓cinchbolt垫片washerPaint油漆底漆primer防锈底漆rust-inhibitiveprimer防腐漆anti—corrosionpaint调和漆mixedpaint无光漆flatpaint透明漆varnish银粉漆aluminumpaint磁漆enamelpaint干性油dryingoil稀释剂thinner焦油tar沥青漆asphaltpaint桐油tungoil,Chinesewoodoil红丹redlead铅油leadoil腻子puttyk。OTHERARCHITECTURALTERMS其它建筑术语Discipline专业建筑architecture土木civil给排水watersupplyanddrainage总图plotplan采暖通风H。V.A.C（heating、ventilationandairconditioning)电力供应electricpowersupply电气照明electriclighting电讯telecommunication仪表instrument热力供应heatpowersupply动力mechanicalpower工艺processtechnology管道pipingConventionalTerms一般通用名词建筑原理architectonics建筑形式architecturalstyle民用建筑civilarchitecture城市建筑urbanarchitecture农村建筑ruralarchitecture农业建筑farmbuilding工业建筑industrialbuilding重工业的heavyindustrial轻工业的lightindustrial古代建筑ancientarchitecture现代建筑modernarchitecture标准化建筑standardizedbuildings附属建筑auxiliarybuildings城市规划cityplanning厂区内withinsite厂区外offsite封闭式closedtype开敞式opentype半开敞式semi-opentype模数制modularsystem单位造价unitcost概算preliminaryestimate承包商constructor,contractor现场site扩建extension改建reconstruction防火fire—prevention防震aseismatic,quake—proof防腐anti—corrosion防潮dump—proof防水water—proof防尘dust—proof防锈rust-proof车流量trafficvolume建筑模型buildingmodelArchitecturalPhysics建筑物理照明illumination照度degreeofillumination亮度brightness日照sunshine天然采光naturallighting光强lightintensity侧光sidelight顶光toplight眩光glaze方位角azimuth辐射radiation对流convection传导conduction遮阳sun—shade保温thermalinsulation恒温constanttemperature恒湿constanthumidity噪音noise隔音sound-proof吸音soundabsorption露点dewpoint隔汽vapor-proofNameOfProfessionalrole职务名称项目经理projectmanager（PM)设计经理designmanager首席建筑师principalarchitect总工程师chiefengineer土木工程师civilengineer工艺工程师processengineer电气工程师electricalengineer机械工程师mechanicalengineer计划工程师planningengineer助理工程师assistantengineer实习生probationer专家specialist,expert制图员draftsman技术员technicianDrafting制图总说明generalspecification工程说明projectspecification采用标准规范目录listofstandardsandspecificationadopted图纸目录listofdrawings平面图plan局部放大图detailwithenlargedscale．．．平面示意图schematicplanof.。。．．．平剖面图sectionalplanof...留孔平面图planofprovisionofholes剖面section纵剖面longitudinalse