考向9人与自我之健康-2022年中考英语阅读理解专项突破

专题二：人与自我备战2022年中考英语阅读理解专项突破考向9人与自我之健康Passage1（2021·江苏镇江·中考真题）Asweallknow,ifapersonisn’tingoodhealth,heorshecan’tstudyorworkwell,orlivefortably.Stayinghealthyisoneofthemostimportantgoalsineveryone’slife.Duringthepastoneandahalfyears,theCOVID19pandemichasledmanypeopletopaymoreattentiontotheirhealth.Exercisingisanexcellentwaytokeephealthy.Sowhatarethemostpopularactivities?Whataredifferentpeople’sfavourites?Andwhataresomefactors(因素)holdingpeoplebackfromphysicalfitness?Here’stheresultofarecentsurveyonpeople’sexercise.Top6popularactivitiesDifferentfavouritesWhat’sstoppingpeoplefromexerciseRunning57.3%Walking51.5%Cycling36.6%Playingballgames25.8%Swimming25.0%Hiking21.6%Bornafter2000BallgamesBornin1990sYogaNoprofessionaltraining42.9%Notime33.2%Notexercisefacilities23.9%Bornin1980sSwimmingBornin1970sWalking1．Whatkindofactivitymaya15yearoldstudentprobablylikebest?A．Ballgames. B．Swimming. C．Walking. D．Yoga.2．If2,000peopletookpartinthesurvey,howmanypeoplewouldthink“Notime”isthemainfactorinstoppingthemfromexercise?A．429. B．664. C．478. D．332.3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Youngpeoplebornin1980slikeYogamost.B．Playingballgamesislesspopularthanswimming.C．Mostpeoplethinktheydon’texercisebecauseofnofacilities.D．Thesurveyisbasedonthreequestionsaboutpeople’sexercise.【答案】1．A2．B3．D【分析】本文是一个有关人们锻炼的调查结果，结果显示了前6种受欢迎的活动是什么，不同人群都喜欢什么运动，以及有哪些因素阻碍了人们的身体健康。1．细节理解题。根据“Bornafter2000”及“Ballgames”可知，15岁的孩子是2000年后出生的，他们喜欢球类运动，故选A。2．细节理解题。根据“Notime33.2%”可知，如果是2000人参与调查，那么“没有时间”是阻止他们运动的主要因素的人数是：2000x33.2%=664，故选B。3．推理判断题。根据“Sowhatarethemostpopularactivities?Whataredifferentpeople’sfavourites?Andwhataresomefactors(因素)holdingpeoplebackfromphysicalfitness?”可知，这项调查基于三个关于人们锻炼的问题，D表述正确，故选D。Passage2（2021·广西百色·中考真题）Whenyoufeelasneeze（喷嚏）orcoughingon,coveringyourmouthpreventsthespreadofgerms（细菌）.Youprobablyknewthat.Buthowtocoveryourmouthisveryimportant.Youmightusetissues（纸巾）,andputyourusedtissuesintothebin.“Ifyoudon'thavetissues,youshouldsneezeintoyourelbow,notyourhand,evenifyouareusedtodoingthat.”Thedoctorsadvised.“Ifsomebodysneezesintohishands,thosegermswillbepassedontootherpeople,orotherobjectsthatpeopletouch.”saidDr.Hill.Germsaremostmonlyspreadbysneezingandcoughing.Whentheylandonyourhands,theyarepassedfromhandstothingslikebills,doorknobs（扶手）,liftbuttonsandothersurfaces.Atthesametime,thepeoplearoundyoucantouchthem.“Thesuggestionwastakenseriouslyabout10yearsago.However,mostpeopledidn'tpaymuchattentiontoit.Thatmeanstheadultsmayhavemissedtheadvice.Butchildrenareoftentaughtinschooltherightwaytocoughorsneeze.”Dr.Benjaminsaid.Tobeclear,peoplecan'tkeepawayfromalltherisksinthisway,butit'sthebestchoice.Atthesametime,we'dbetterwearmasks（口罩）andoftenwashourhands.“Handwashingisoneofthemostimportantthingspeoplecandotokeephealthy.”Dr.Hillsaid.根据短文内容，选出最佳选项。4．Accordingtothispassage,whensneezingorcoughing,you'dbetternot________.A．sneezeintoyourelbow B．coveryourmouthwithtissuesC．useyourhandtocoveryourmouth D．coveryourmouthwithyourelbow5．Ifyousneezeintohands,germscanspreadthroughthefollowingactivitiesexcept________.A．usingliftbuttons B．usingdoorknobs C．shakinghands D．washinghands6．Whichistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Ifyoudon'thavetissues,youshouldsneezeintoyourhand.B．Theadultmaybeusedtosneezingintotheirelbow.C．Parentsoftenteachtheirchildrentherightwaytocoughorsneeze.D．Wearingmasksisagoodwaytokeepawayfromgerms.7．What'sthemainpurposeofthisarticle?A．Totellusthecorrectwaytousetissueswhensneezingorcoughing.B．Totellussomecorrectwaystopreventthespreadofgerms.C．Totellusit'snecessarytosneezeorcoughintoelbow.D．Totellushowtokeepawayfromallrisks.8．Inwhichlayout（版面）ofthenewspapercanwefindthiskindofpassage?A．Health. B．Sports. C．Business. D．Education.【答案】4．C5．D6．D7．B8．A【分析】本文主要介绍了打喷嚏或咳嗽时，不要用手捂住嘴，同时我们要经常洗手，这样可以防止细菌传播，同时介绍了防止细菌传播的其它正确方法。4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Ifyoudon'thavetissues,youshouldsneezeintoyourelbow,notyourhand,evenifyouareusedtodoingthat.”可知，当打喷嚏或咳嗽时，如果你没有纸巾，你应该用肘部而不是手打喷嚏。故选C。5．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Handwashingisoneofthemostimportantthingspeoplecandotokeephealthy.”可知，洗手是人们为了保持健康所能做的最重要的事情之一，这样可以阻止细菌的传播。故选D。6．判断正误题。根据最后一段“Atthesametime,we'dbetterwearmasks（口罩）andoftenwashourhands.”可知，为了阻止细菌传播，我们最好戴口罩，所以戴口罩是一种远离病菌的好方法，D选项表述正确。故选D。7．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Buthowtocoveryourmouthisveryimportant.”及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了防止细菌传播的正确方法。故选B。8．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了防止细菌传播的正确方法，属于健康的范畴，所以应该会在报纸的健康版面见到这篇短文。故选A。Passage3（2021·湖南永州·中考真题）Dogsmighthavethelatesttoolsinthefightagainstcancer(癌症);theirnoses!ResearchersatCalifornia’sPineStreetFoundation(PSF)saytheyhavetrainedfivedogstosmellcanceronaprison’sbreath.Thiscouldbeexcitingnews.Adog’ssenseofsmellmaybe10,000to100,000timesstrongerthanours.Butcandogsreallysmellillness?PSFresearcherMichaelMcCullochsaysyes.“Wewereverysurprisedbyhowexacttheywere,”hesaid.“Theyweretellingwhohadcancer,andtheywerealsosayingwhodidn’t.”DogsinthePineStreetFoundationtestweretrainedtositwhentheysmelledcancer.Howwelldidtheyperform?Takealookatthischarttofindout.BreathSampleNumberofTimestheDogsSatdownNumberofTimestheDogsKeptStandingBreathfromlungcancerpatients56410Breathfromhealthypersons4708McCullochandhisteamaskedfourhealthypeopleandonewithcancertoblowintoplastictubes(塑料管).Specialmaterialsinthetubeskeptthethingsofeachbreath.Thetubeswerethenplacedoneyardapart.Finally,thedogswereallowedtosmellthetubes.Eachdoghadbeentrainedforthreeweekstositwhenitsmelledcancer.Ninetyninepercentofthetime,thedugsatnexttothetubesblownintobypatientswithlungcancer.Thedogswereright88percentofthetimeaboutbreastcancer.Nolabtestforcancerhasgivenmorecorrectresultsthanthistest.Theresultsaresoamazingthatmanyexpertsquestionthedogs’smellingpower.Theywonderiftherewereotherreasonswhythedogsdidsowell.Forexample,theythoughtthewaythedogtrainersbehavedcouldhaveinfluencedhowthedogsacted.However,mostexpertsagreethatthisstudyisimportant.Theinformationcouldhelpscientistscreateasimplebreathtestforcancerinthefuture.Onceagain,humansmaybegettingahelpingpawornose—fromtheirbestanimalfriends.9．What’sthelatesttooladogmighthaveinthefightagainstcancer?A．Tooth. B．Nose. C．Ear.10．WhathappenedfirstinthePineStreetFoundationtest?A．Thedogsweretrained. B．Thetubeswereplacedoneyardapart.C．Thedogssmelledthetubes.11．Whatwasadogsupposedtodowhenitsmelledcancer?A．Smellagain. B．Turnaround. C．Sitdown.12．Lookatthechart.Howmanytimesdidthedogskeepstandingwhentheysmelledthebreathfromhealthypersons?A．Lessthan10times. B．Almost600times. C．About700times.13．Whydomanyexpertsquestionthedog’ssmellingpower?A．Becausenolabtestforcancerhasgivenmorecorrectresults.B．Becausethedogtrainersinfluencedhowthedogsacted.C．Becausetheydon’tthinkthisstudyisimportant.【答案】9．B10．A11．C12．C13．B【分析】文章介绍了狗利用它们灵敏的嗅觉识别癌症的事情，并通过实例证实，由此说明狗可能对医学问题有帮助。9．细节理解题。根据“Dogsmighthavethelatesttoolsinthefightagainstcancer(癌症);theirnoses!”可知，狗可能拥有最新的抗癌工具是它们的鼻子，故选B。10．推理判断题。根据“DogsinthePineStreetFoundationtestweretrainedtositwhentheysmelledcancer.Howwelldidtheyperform?Takealookatthischarttofindout.”可推知，松树街基金会的狗在嗅到癌症的实验中首先是要接受训练。故选A。11．细节理解题。根据“Finally,thedogswereallowedtosmellthetubes.Eachdoghadbeentrainedforthreeweekstositwhenitsmelledcancer.”可知，狗如果嗅到了癌症就会坐下来，故选C。12．细节理解题。根据表格中的显示“Breathfromhealthypersons”和“NumberofTimestheDogsKeptStanding”对应的数字是708，故选C。13．细节理解题。根据“Theresultsaresoamazingthatmanyexpertsquestionthedogs’smellingpower...Forexample,theythoughtthewaythedogtrainersbehavedcouldhaveinfluencedhowthedogsacted.”可知，许多专家质疑狗的嗅觉能力。他们认为驯狗师的行为方式可能会影响狗的行为。故选B。Passage4（2021·湖南益阳·中考真题）Inordertohelpteenagersbuildastrongbody,studentsinGrade9havetotakepartinzhongkaoP.E.testeveryyear.Toprepareforthetest,manyjuniorhighschoolstudentstrytheirbesttotrainhard.OnApril18,SunGaofromHangzhou,ZhejiangfinishedhisP.E.test.Afterthreeyearsofhardtraining,hegot26.5points.“Itwasn’tahighscore,sincemanyofmyclassmatesgotfullscores30points,butI’mstillhappy,sinceItriedmybest.”Sunsaid.“IthinktheP.E.testisreallygoodforus.Byhardtraining,Iammuchstrongernow.”Headded.GongSiyufromChengdu,SichuanisinGrade8now.“Isignedup（报名）foranafterschooltrainingclass.IpracticeeverySaturdayeveningfortwohours,doingpullups（引体向上）,an800meterrunandbasketball,”shesaid.In2022,whenGongtakesthetest,theP.E.testwillbe60pointsinzhongkao.“Ithinkit’sagoodthing.”Gongsaid.“Healthisimportant,andbypreparingforthetest,wegetmorechancestoexerciseandrelax.”14．What’sthepurposeofzhongkaoP.E.test?A．Tohelpteenagerstrainhard.B．Tohelpteenagersgetgoodpoints.C．Tohelpteenagersbuildastrongbody.15．HowmanypointsdidSunGaogetinhisP.E.test?A．26.5points. B．30points. C．60points.16．WhywasSunGaostillhappywithhisP.E.score?A．Becausehegotafullscoreinthetest.B．Becausehetriedhisbestinthetest.C．Becausehegotmorepointsthanallhisclassmates.17．WhendoesGongSiyuhaveherafterclasstrainingclassnow?A．EverySaturdaymorning. B．EverySaturdayafternoon. C．EverySaturdayevening.18．WhatdidSunGaoandGongSiyuthinkabouttheP.E.test?A．OnlySunGaothoughtitwasagoodthing.B．Bothofthemthoughtitwasagoodthing.C．Bothofthemthoughitwasaboringthing.【答案】14．C15．A16．B17．C18．B【分析】本文以两个学生为例，主要向我们介绍中考体育考试的重要性和意义。14．细节理解题。根据“Inordertohelpteenagersbuildastrongbody,studentsinGrade9havetotakepartinzhongkaoP.E.testeveryyear.”可知，为了帮助青少年建立一个强壮的身体，九年级的学生每年都要参加中考体育测试。故选C。15．细节理解题。根据“OnApril18,SunGaofromHangzhou,ZhejiangfinishedhisP.E.test.Afterthreeyearsofhardtraining,hegot26.5points.”可知，SunGao体育中考得了26.5分，故选A。16．细节理解题。根据“Itwasn’tahighscore,sincemanyofmyclassmatesgotfullscores30points,butI’mstillhappy,sinceItriedmybest.”可知，SunGao虽然得了26.5分不是很高的分数，但他仍然很高兴，因为他尽力了。故选B。17．细节理解题。根据“Isignedup（报名）foranafterschooltrainingclass.IpracticeeverySaturdayeveningfortwohours,doingpullups（引体向上）,an800meterrunandbasketball,”可知，GongSiyu现在每周六晚上练习，故选C。18．推理判断题。根据“Byhardtraining,Iammuchstrongernow.”和“Ithinkit’sagoodthing.”可知，二人对于体育考试的评价都是积极的，故选B。Passage5（2021·贵州黔东南·中考真题）Weusuallygotoseeadoctorwhenweareill.Doctorsmaygiveussomemedicine,andthemedicineoftenmakesusfeelbetter.Butsometimesthedoctor’smedicinedoesn’twork.Thishappenedtooneman,ThomasSmith.Hewasillinhospital,buthewasn’tgettingwell.Thenhefoundanew“doctor”insidehimself.Hesawfunnyfilms.Hereadfunnybooks.Andsomethingwonderfulhappened.Laughingtookawayhispainafterhalfayear.Hecouldhaveagoodnight’srest.Hisownhappyfeelinghelpedhimgetwell.Hewrotehisstoryinhisbook.Hesaidlaughingwasveryusefulanditwasthebest“medicine”.Anotherman,SimonBeck,wasalsoill,andhehadaseriouspaininhisback.Thedoctorcouldn’tstopit,sothemanbeganto“picture”hispain.Inhishead,hedrewapictureofadog.Heimaginedittobearealdog.Anditwashurtinghim.Thenthemantalkedsoftlytothedog.Heputhishandonthedog’sheadandmadefriendswithit.Oneyearlater,hispainwentaway!Thesestoriesmaysurpriseyou,butmoreandmorepeoplearegettingwellinthisway.Socallonthe“doctor”insideyourmind,andkeephappyandwell!19．WhathappenedtoThomasSmith?A．Hefelldown. B．Hewasillinhospitalbecauseofhisillness.C．Hewasinhospitalbecauseofhissadness. D．Hegotwellaftertakingmedicine.20．WherewasThomasSmith’snew“doctor”?A．Inthehospital. B．Inhishome. C．Inhispany. D．Inhimself.21．Inthesecondparagraph,whatisthebestmedicine?A．Films. B．Doctors. C．Dogs. D．Laughing.22．WhichisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．LaughingtookawaySimonBeck’spainafterhalfayear.B．ThomasSmith“drew”apictureofadoginhishead.C．SimonBeckmadefriendswiththedogheimagined.D．ThomasSmith’spainwentawayafteroneyear.23．Thispassagemainlytellsusweshould________.A．callonthe“doctor”insideourmind,andkeephappyandwell B．keepadogathomeC．notgotohospitalwhenweareill D．writeabookwhenthepaingoesaway【答案】19．B20．D21．D22．C23．A【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，当医生的药不是那么明显有效的时候，人们身上的乐观情绪也能是一味最好的药。19．细节理解题。根据原文“Hewasillinhospital,buthewasn’tgettingwell”可知，托马斯·史密斯生病住院了。故选B。20．细节理解题。根据原文“Thenhefoundanew“doctor”insidehimself”可知，托马斯•史密斯的新医生其实在他体内。故选D。21．细节理解题。根据原文“Hesaidlaughingwasveryusefulanditwasthebest“medicine””可知，笑是最好的良药。故选D。22．细节理解题。根据原文“Inhishead,hedrewapictureofadog…Heputhishandonthedog’sheadandmadefriendswithit”可知，西蒙·贝克和他想象的狗做了朋友。故选C。23．主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文是一篇记叙文，当医生的药不是那么明显有效的时候，人们身上的乐观情绪也能是一味最好的药。故选A。Passage6（2021·湖北荆州·中考真题）DearJason,Hello!I’mveryfat.Iwanttoloseweight.Irunfivekilometerseveryday,butithasn’tworkedatall.Ifeelupset.NowIdon’tknowhowtoloseweight.Couldyouhelpme?TinaDearTina,Infact,exerciseisjustonewaytoloseweight.Evenifyouexerciseeveryday,youmightnotloseweight.That’sbecauseeatinghealthilyismuchmoreimportant.Afteryouexercise,ifyoutakeinlotsoffood,especiallyfoodswithalotofprotein（蛋白质）,youwillstillputonweight.Sopaymoreattentiontoyoureating.Thiswillhelpyouloseweightmoreeasily.Butpleaseaskyourself:DoIreallyneedtoloseweight?Thetruthisthateveryonehasadifferentbodytype.Bigisbeautiful,too.You’llfindhappinesswhenyoulearntoacceptyourselfforwhoyouare.Jason24．Thereadingmaterialsabovearetwo______.A．notices B．letters C．ads D．menus25．Toloseweight,Tina______.A．eatsmoremeat B．runseverydayC．doesnothing D．doesn’teatbreakfast26．Tinaisupsetbecause______.A．shehasnotimetoexerciseB．herfriendsoftenlaughatherC．runningisn’thelpingherloseweightD．herparentsaskhernottoloseweight27．WhatdoesJasonthinkaboutTina’sproblem?A．Sheshouldstoprunning.B．Shecantakesomemedicine.C．Sheneedstotakeinmoreprotein.D．Sheshouldpaymoreattentiontohereating.28．WhatisJason’ssuggestionatlast?A．Tinashouldlearntoacceptherself.B．Tinamayaskmorefriendsforhelp.C．LosingweightcanmakeTinahealthy.D．Whatotherpeoplethinkisimportant.【答案】24．B25．B26．C27．D28．A【分析】本文是Tina想减肥，Jason建议Tina除了锻炼之外，还要健康的饮食，同时要确认自己是否真的要减肥，只要接受真正的自己才会发现快乐。24．细节理解题。根据本文的格式可知，这是两封信件，故选B。25．细节理解题。根据“Irunfivekilometerseveryday”可知，她为了减肥每天跑步，故选B。26．细节理解题。根据“Irunfivekilometerseveryday,butithasn’tworkedatall.Ifeelupset”可知，Tina因为跑步没有帮助她减肥而感到沮丧，故选C。27．细节理解题。根据“Sopaymoreattentiontoyoureating”可知，Jason认为Tina要多关注饮食，故选D。28．细节理解题。根据“You’llfindhappinesswhenyoulearntoacceptyourselfforwhoyouare”可知，Jason最后的建议是要学会接受真正的自己，故选A。Passage7（2021·湖南常德·中考真题）Moderation（自我调节）Payattentiontohowyouleadyourlifemostofthetime.Ahealthylifestyleisonethatdoesn’ttakeextremes（极端）asawayoflife.Bemoderateinwhatyoudo.EatwellItisimportanttopayattentiontobothwhatyoueatandhowyoueat.AsSocratessaid:“Youshouldeattolive;notlivetoeat.”Adifferentdiet（饮食）withvegetablesandfreshfruitsisgoodforthebrain.Alsotaketimeoffformeals.ExerciseStudentsmustknowthevalueofexercisebecauseitplaysanecessarypartincounterbalancing（抵消）thestress（压力）responsesproducedinourbodiesbyhavingtomeetexams.SleepStudentsaregettinglessandlessofsleepwhichmightleadtomorestress.Thehoursofsleepbeforemidnightarethoughttobethemosthelpful.Forthisreasonstudentsmustreregulatetheirbodyclockandgotobedandgetupatregulartime.ExpressyourselfThewaystudentsfeelabouttheirworkandotherissuesintheirlifeplaysahugepartinhowtheydealwithstress.Itisadvisablethatstudentsshouldberealisticwhateverhappensintheirlives.Tosumup,studiesarereallyveryimportant,butneverattheexpense（代价）ofstudents’physicalandmentalwellbeing.Besides,ifstudentsfeelwelltheywillbereadytofacethechallenges（挑战）ofexamsaliveandkicking.29．Whatfoodisgoodforthebrainaccordingtoparagraphtwo?A．Vegetablesandfruits. B．Hamburgersandmeat. C．Riceandnoodles.30．Whenisthebesttimeforastudenttogotosleep?A．At7:00pm. B．At10:00pm. C．At1:00am.31．Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthisarticle?A．Inatourguide. B．Onawebpagefortips. C．Inadailynewspaper.32．What’sthebesttitleofthereading?A．Stressinpartofstudents’livesB．AhealthymindinahealthybodyC．Prepareforyourexamswithahealthybodyandmind【答案】29．A30．B31．B32．B【分析】文章介绍了学生要学会从不同的方面进行自我调节，学习确实非常重要，但决不能以牺牲学生的身心健康为代价。29．细节理解题。根据“Adifferentdiet（饮食）withvegetablesandfreshfruitsisgoodforthebrain.”可知，水果和蔬菜对大脑有好处，故选A。30．推理判断题。根据“Thehoursofsleepbeforemidnightarethoughttobethemosthelpful.”可知，午夜前的睡眠时间被认为是最有帮助的。也就是12点之前睡觉是最好的，而7点又太早了，故选B。31．推理判断题。根据整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍学生要从几个的方面教学生进行自我调节，减轻压力，应该是来自一个健康网页的提示，故选B。32．最佳标题题。根据整个文章的理解可知，文章主要介绍了学生应该如何调节自己，来获得健康的身心，故选B。Passage8（2021·四川达州·中考真题）Withhereyesfeelingincreasinglytiredandhervisionblurry(视力模糊的),16yearoldTianTingwenttothehospitalwithherparentsinJanuary.Shewasshockedwhenshefoundoutthathereyesightdroppedfrom5.0to4.6inonlyaterm.“Afewofmyfriendshavehadthesameexperiencelately,”Tiansaid.Infact,pooreyesightamongChineseprimaryandhighschoolstudentsrosefrom59.2percentto70.6percentinthefirstsixmonthsof2020,accordingtotheMinistryofEducation.Toprotectstudents’eyesight,theChinesegovernmenthasworkedoutnewrequirements(要求)forschoolsupplies(供应品)andequipmentsthatwilltakeeffect(生效)onMarch1,2022.Forexample,accordingtotherequirements,thesizeoftextinstudents’textbooksshouldbenosmallerthanninepoint.Teachersshouldalsotrynottouseprojectors(投影仪)orothermultimediaequipments(多媒体设备)thataretoobright,BeijingDailyreported.Therearealsorequirementsfordesksandclassroomlights.Forexample,theselightsshouldgiveoff(散发)aslittlebluelightaspossible.Bluelightisbadforoureyes,asitcankillthephotoreceptorcells(光感器细胞)weneedforvision,accordingtoHarvardMedicalSchool.Manyoftheelectronicdevicesweuseeveryday,likeourphonesandputerscreens,giveoffbluelight.Chinesegovernmenthasalsotakenotherstepstoprotectstudents’eyesightinChina.InMay2020,theNationalHealthmissionurgedschoolstomakesurethatstudentshaveatleasttwohoursofoutdooractivityaday.33．Inthefirsthalfof2020,therewere________ofstudentsbeingshortsighted.A．0.4% B．11.4% C．59.2% D．70.6%34．Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A．schoolsusetextbookswiththesmallersizeoftextB．teachersuseoverbrightmultimediaequipmentsC．studentsaremadesuretohavefewerthantwohoursofoutdooractivityadayD．schoolsuselightsthatgiveofflessbluelight35．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Howtoprotectusfromillness. B．Howtohaveoutdooractivity.C．Howtouseelectronicdevices. D．Howtoprotectstudents’eyesight.【答案】33．D34．D35．D【分析】根据教育部的数据，在2020年上半年中，中国中小学生视力问题的人数从59.2%上升到了70.6%，为了保护学生的视力，中国政府对学习用品和设备制定了新的要求，将于2022年3月1日生效。33．细节理解题。根据“Infact,pooreyesightamongChineseprimaryandhighschoolstudentsrosefrom59.2percentto70.6percentinthefirstsixmonthsof2020,accordingtotheMinistryofEducation.”可知在2020年上半年，有70.6%的学生患有近视。故选D。34．观点态度题。根据“Therearealsorequirementsfordesksandclassroomlights.Forexample,theselightsshouldgiveoffaslittlebluelightaspossible.”可知作者可能会同意学校使用蓝光较少的灯。故选D。35．标题归纳题。文章主要讲中国中小学生有视力问题的人数上升极快，为保护学生视力，中国政府对学习用品和设备制定了新的要求。用“Howtoprotectstudents’eyesight.”做标题最合适。故选D。Passage9（2021·山东德州·中考真题）Isn’tfastfooddelicious?Aren’tfastfoodrestaurantscool?...Theanswertothesequestionsisyes.However,therearegrowingfactsthatfastfoodisoneoftheworstpartsofmodernlife.Andstudieshaveshownthatburgersandfriedchicken,whichweenjoysomuch,cancausealotofhealthproblems.Inspiteof(尽管)this,whyarefastfoodrestaurantssoattractive(吸引人的)?Thefirstandmostimportantreasonisthattheirserviceisfast.Theirstaff(员工)arefriendlyandverysmartlookingintheircleanandbrightuniforms(制服).Moreover,mostfastfoodrestaurantsarenearplacesthatpeoplealwayspassby.Itissoeasytogrababurgerandeatonthewaytowork.Fastfoodisoftensoconvenientlypacked(包装方便)thatitwillnotcauseamessevenifyoustandandeatit.Fastfoodrestaurantsarealsoveryclean.Alotofcleverads(广告)havemadethemthecoolestplacesintown,butnoneofthemhasevertoldandwillnevertellyouthattoomuchfastfoodisnotgoodforyourhealth.Suchattractiveplacesaresellingjunkfood!Isn’titapity?Isthereawaytochangethefastfoodrestaurantsintospecialplaceswhereyougetthebestpossible,healthyandfreshfood?Well,whynot?Aspeoplerealizethehealthproblemsthatfastfoodcauses,itisquitelikelythatfastfoodrestaurantsmaygooutofdate.Itmayhappensoonerorlater.Therefore,insteadofresisting(抵制)fastfoodrestaurants,abetterideamaybetopersuade(说服)themtochangetheirmenu!Fastfoodrestaurantscanbeplacestogotowhenyouwanttoeatsomethingthatwillbegoodforyourbody.Iftheycouldbine(结合)healthyfoodwiththeirspeedofservice,delicioustastesandfortablefeelings,thatwillbethenextbestthingontheearthforthehumanbeings!36．Whatdoes“this”inParagraph2referto?A．Fastfoodisdelicious. B．Fastfoodrestaurantsarecool.C．Peopleenjoyfastfood. D．Fastfoodcancausehealthproblems.37．FastfoodhasmanyadvantagesEXCEPTthatit’s________.A．delicious B．fastC．healthy D．unhealthy38．Whichwordcanreplacetheword“grab”inParagraph3?A．movesuddenly B．getquicklyC．throwquickly D．carrycarefully39．Accordingtothepassage,adsaboutfastfood________.A．showyouallthefacts B．don’ttellyouthewholetruthC．makeithardtobuyfastfood D．makefastfoodrestaurantsoutofdate40．Theauthoradvises________.A．makingtheserviceoffastfoodfaster B．resistingfastfoodrestaurantsC．changingtastesoffastfood D．makingfastfoodgoodforhealth【答案】36．D37．D38．B39．B、40．D【分析】文章讲述了经常吃快餐会对人们的健康有害，但是快餐店却在人们的生活中随处可见，文中还提出了与其抵制快餐店，不如说服他们改变菜单，让人们吃健康的食物。36．推理判断题。根据“Andstudieshaveshownthatburgersandfriedchicken,whichweenjoysomuch,cancausealotofhealthproblems.Inspiteof(尽管)this,whyarefastfoodrestaurantssoattractive(吸引人的)?”可知，这里说的是尽管快餐会引起健康问题，但是快餐还是很受欢迎，所以“this”指代的是“快餐会导致健康问题”，故选D。37．细节理解题。根据“However,therearegrowingfactsthatfastfoodisoneoftheworstpartsofmodernlife….cancausealotofhealthproblems.”可知，快餐是不健康的，故选D。38．词义猜测题。根据“mostfastfoodrestaurantsarenearplacesthatpeoplealwayspassby.Itissoeasytogrababurgerandeatonthewaytowork.”可知，大多数快餐店都在人们经常经过的地方附近。在上班的路上买个汉堡吃是很容易的。所以单词“grab”指的是“快速地得到”，故选B。39．细节理解题。根据“Alotofcleverads(广告)havemadethemthecoolestplacesintown,butnoneofthemhasevertoldandwillnevertellyouthattoomuchfastfoodisnotgoodforyourhealth.”可知，大部分的快餐广告不会告诉你全部的真相，故选B。40．细节理解题。根据“Therefore,insteadofresisting(抵制)fastfoodrestaurants,abetterideamaybetopersuade(说服)themtochang