江苏常州级英语期末复习第五讲8B阅读理解分析教案

新初三暑假衔接讲义第五新初三暑假衔接讲义第五讲阅读理解答题技巧高频考点高频考点1、中考阅读理解常见的体裁：记叙文，说明文，议论文，新闻报道、广告等。2、题材内容也很丰富，主要以小说、名人轶事、科普文章等3、针对阅读理解的出题方向，大致可以分为：直观性问题（也叫细节分析题）直接引用原文中的语句或者根据短文中的原句稍加改动而编成。常识性问题（词义猜测题）考查学生一句短文信息，并根据自己的一些常识做出判断的题型。理解性问题（主旨题）考察中心思想，段落大意，某一个事实的细节以及作者意图等方面出题。推理性问题（推断题）深刻理解文章后，经过推理判断找出答案。细节理解题例1MymistakehappenedwhenIwastryingtobehelpfulinmyfirstgradeartclass.Allthenecessarythingswereoutonthetable.IthoughttheartteacherwouldhavetoputthemawayandIfeltsorryforher,soIdidit.IleftwithmyclassandthenyouknowwhatIfoundout?Thatstuff(物品)wasforthenextclass!Mypoorartteacherhadtoputeverythingback.Tothisday,Ithinkitwasalittlefunny.Collin,Age9Onedayatschool,Iworemytrousersbackward!Ididn’tfinditoutuntiltheendoftheday.Thatwasprobablythemostembarrassing(尴尬)dayI’veeverhadinmywholelife!Bernard,Age10Iwasinabookstorewithmydad.Hewasinthelinetopay.Bored,Istartedlookingthroughthebookmarks.Ipickedmytwofavouritesinhopesthatmydadwouldbuythemforme.Withoutlookingup,Ishowedhim.“Look!Thesearemyfavourites.”Thenanunfamiliarvoicesaid,“Ithinkyourdadisoverthere.”Ilookedup.Itwasn’tmydad!Irantomydad,myfaceburning.Hesmiledandsaid,“Wrongdad,eh?”Divya,Age11Once,myfamilyandIwereatareallycrowdedevent.IrealizedI’dleftmybaginside,soIrantogetit.WhenIcamebackout,Isawacarthatlookedexactlylikeourcar.Iopenedthedoorandscreamed!Sixkidsandamomwerelookingbackatme!ThenIsawmymom’scarparkedbesidethatcar.Ididn’twanttogetinthewrongcaragain.Laura,Age121．Accordingtothetext,Collin________.A．hidthestuffofhisartteacherB．triedtomakefunofhisartteacherC．wasmistakenbyhisartteacherD．gavethewrongkindofhelp2．Bernardfeltembarrassedbecausehe________.A．weretoolateforschool B．waslaughedatbyothersC．mademistakesonclothes D．worehistrousersinsideout3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothereadingmaterial?A．TherearesixchildreninLaura’sfamily.B．Bernardfoundhistrousersbrokenattheendoftheday.C．Divyawassurehisfatherwouldbuythetwobooksforhim.D．Collin’sartteacherhadtopreparefortheclassherself.【答案】1．D2．C3．D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。四个孩子分别讲述了自己生活中的一件糗事。1．细节理解题。根据文中“Thatstuff(物品)wasforthenextclass!Mypoorartteacherhadtoputeverythingback.Tothisday,Ithinkitwasalittlefunny.”可知作者是想帮忙，却帮了“倒忙”，即给了错误的帮助，故选D。2．细节理解题。根据文中“Onedayatschool,Iworemytrousersbackward!”可知是在穿衣上犯了错误，故选C。3．细节理解题。根据第一个方框“Allthenecessarythingswereoutonthetable.IthoughttheartteacherwouldhavetoputthemawayandIfeltsorryforher,soIdidit.”可知美术老师每次都是自己准备教具，D项正确，故选D。例2Aschildrenentertheirteens,theyusuallybegintopaymoreattentiontotheirpeers(同龄人)orfriends.Peerpressure(压力)canbedirectorindirect,butisalmostalwayspresent.Learningtodealwithpeerpressuremakesateenmature(成熟的),andbeabletogetalongwellwithothers.Badpeerpressurecaninfluenceteenstomakebaddecisions.Underbadpeerpressure,teenswilldosomethingthattheyknowiswrong,suchassmoking,drinking,orusingdrugs,whichcanremainwiththemintoadulthood.Thisisthemainreasonteenshavetolearnhowtodealwithit.Someofthethingsyoucandotodealwithpeerpressureinclude:●Choosefriendswhoshareyourvalues.Goodfriendsusepositive(正面的)peerpressuretohelpyoubeyourbestself.●Keepawayfromsituationswherepeoplearedoingthingsyoudon’twanttodo.●Thinkaboutyourreasonsfordoingthings.Aretheygoodreasons?Areyoubeingtruetoyourselfandyourvalues?●Practicewaysofsayingno,givingexcusesifnecessary.●Talktoyourparents,orothertrustedadults,aboutthekindsofpeerpressureyouface,andlistentotheiradvice.●Lettheadultsknowwhenyouneedhelptogetoutofabadsituation,anddon’tknowwhattodoaboutit.Rememberthatifjustoneteenstandsupto(勇敢面对)peerpressure,usuallyotherswilljoinhimorher.Learningtodealwithpeerpressurewillmakeyouconfidentandmature.5．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Peerpressureincludesdirectandindirectpressure.B．Peerpressureesfromsmoking,drinkingandusingdrugs.C．Goodfriendsusebadpeerpressuretohelpyoubeyourbestself.D．Teenswhofacepressurebeematurerthanthosewhodonot.【答案】5．A【解析】本文是说明文，关注的是青少年的心理健康问题，介绍了如何应对同伴压力的一些建议，指出学会处理同伴的压力会让人变得自信和成熟。5．细节理解题。根据“Peerpressurecanbedirectorindirect”，可知有直接压力和间接压力两种，故选A。例3Athomeduringsuppertime,Peteannounced,“BabaOlenawantsustoeforEasterdinner.”Momshookherhead,“That’ssweet,butIdon’tthinkso.”Dadlaughed,“Iwouldn’twanttoseemrudeifIdidn’tlikehercooking.Canyoutellherthanksbutwealreadyhaveplans?”Petesighed.HisparentshardlyknewBabaOlena.Theydidn’tknowaboutherpastries(糕点)andfunnysayings.AlltheysawwasanUkrainianwomanwithstrangehairandayardfullofchickens.OnEasterSunday,theypassedBabaOlena’shouseastheyheadedforDixie’sDiner.Whentheyarrived,theyfoundthedinerwasdark,andnocarswereinfrontofit.“What?”saidDad.“They’realwaysopen!”“Nottoday,”Momsaid.“Guesswe’llbemakingsandwiches.”Acrossthestreet,BabaOlenasteppedoutofthehouse,wavingtothem.Peteshouted,“LookslikeBaba’sexpectingus.”“Wecan’tgothere,”Dadsaid,butBabawashurryingover.“Youcame!I’msohappy,”shesaid.“ThismorningIsawthedinerisclosedandthoughtmaybeyouwille.”Inside,Pete’sparentssatstiff(僵硬地)asyardstickswhileBabawasbusywithherpastrieshappily.Dadlookedatsomethingredonthetable.“What’sthis?”“Beet(甜菜)salad.Iusethejuiceformyhair.”BabaandPetesmiledateachother.“Andthis–”Shesetdownbowlsofwhatlookedlikelittlehalfmoonpastries–“isUkrainianstuffeddumplings.Thesehavecabbagefilling;thosehavepotato.Nocranetoday.”Mumlookedather,openmouthed.Petelaughedandexplainedaboutthe“crane”chips.DadandMumlaughed,too.Mumtookasmallbite.“Delicious!”“Oh,goodyoulikeit.”Babasaid.BythetimeshecuttheroundEasterbread,everyonewastalking.“NowIseewhyPetewantedtoeathere,”Dadsaid.Mumnodded.“Andwhyhespeakshighlyofyounonstop.”Later,Bababroughtoutthebasketofeggs.“It’sanoldUkrainiantraditiontoplaywithEastereggs,”shesaid.“See,Pete,holdyourstomine,endtoend,likethis.Theeggthatdoesn’tbreak,wins.”Peteheldhiseggready.“Ialreadywonsomething,”hesaid.(AdaptedfromEasterwithBabaOlena)11．WhenPetesighed,hemostlyfelt________.A．acceptable B．regretful C．nervous D．guilty【答案】11．B【解析】本文是故事类阅读，讲述了彼得和家人一起过复活节的经过。11．细节理解题。根据上文爸爸的话“Iwouldn’twanttoseemrudeifIdidn’tlikehercooking.Canyoutellherthanksbutwealreadyhaveplans”，可知彼得会感到很遗憾，故选B。例4AEuropeanUnionprogramislettingblindpeopleexperiencefamouspaintingsforthefirsttime.Itusesthreedimensional(3D)printingtorecreatefamouspaintingssotheycanbetouched.OnepaintingprintedwiththenewtechnologyisGustavKlimt’s“TheKiss”.ItisapopularattractionattheBelvedereMuseuminVienna,Austria.Thepaintingshowsamanandawomanstandinginafieldfilledwithflowers.Theyarewearinggoldrobesandhavetheirarmsaroundeachother.Themanleansdowntokissthewoman.Klimtfinishedthepaintingin1908.Untilnow,peoplewhohadtroubleseeingcouldnotappreciatetheartwork.Butthankstothereproduction,theycantouchthepieceandfeeltheridgesanddepressions.AndreasReichingerstartedmaking3Dversionsofartworkin2010.Hesaidthisreproductionwashismostdifficultprojectbecausethecouple’srobesaresodetailed.DominikaRaditschisablindmuseumvisitor.Shetouchedthereproduction.Asshemovedherhandsarounditshesaid,“Exactly,canyouseethese?Therearesomanydetails.”Raditschsaidshecanimaginewhattheoriginalpaintinglookslikewhenshetouchesthereproduction.“It’ssomehowround.Youcanfeelit.Iteswithit.Andinmanyplacesit’ssosmooth.AndthenIthinktomyself:itprobablyshinestoo!”Raditschsaid.TheBelvedereisnottheonlymuseumtohave3Dversionsofitsartwork.SomeofthepiecesatthePrado,inMadrid,Spain,havereproductionsthatcanbetouched.ButthepieceinViennahasonespecialpart:itismadewithwidelyavailable3Dprintingtechnology.Thatmeansoneday,blindartfansanywhereintheworldcoulddownloadthesourcefilesandprintthereproductionsthemselves.14．Whatis“Thekiss”?A．AEuropeanUnionproject. B．Apopularpainting.C．A3Dtechnology. D．Afamousmuseum.15．WhydidReichingersaythisreproductionwasdifficulttofinish?A．Thepaintingwasreproduceddetailedly. B．Theoriginalartworkwasmadein1908.C．Blindartfanscan’tdownloadthesource. D．The3Dtechnologyisnotavailable.【答案】14．B15．A【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了欧盟的一个项目——使用3D打印技术重现名画，让盲人和视障人士走进博物馆，通过触摸来感受世界名画。14．细节理解题。根据“OnepaintingprintedwiththenewtechnologyisGustavKlimt’s‘TheKiss’.”可知，TheKiss是一幅画作。故选B。15．细节理解题。根据“Hesaidthisreproductionwashismostdifficultprojectbecausethecouple’srobesaresodetailed.”可知，他说这个复制品是他最难完成的项目，因为这对新人的礼服非常精致。故选A。例5Atthebeginningofthe20thcentury,alargenumberofwritersbinedcreativewritingwithstatementofnationalidentity.China’sLuXunisafamiliarexample,alongwithW.B．Yeats,Ireland’sgreatestpoetandthefounderofthepatriotic“CelticTwilight”culturalmovement.AthirdgreatliterarypatriotistheBengaliandIndianpoetRabindranathTagore(18611941).TagorerenewedBengaliwriting,introducingthemonpeople’slanguageintopoetryandwritingaboutthemonpeopletoo.ByshowingthevalueofBengaliliterature,heshowedthereasonsfortheindependenceofIndiaasanation.It’snosurprisethathestronglysupportedhiscountry’sindependencefromtheBritish.Tagorewasn’tjustapoet,butalsoannovelist,aplaywright,andanessayist.TherangeofhistalentsmadehimfamousnotonlyinIndia,butacrosstheworld.Hisfameledtoinvitationstotravel;onhisjourneysabroadhemetwithotherfamousfiguresinthearts,politicsandsciences.HewasW.B,Yeats’guestinIrelandandoncemeetEinstein,aswellasmeetingmanyworldleaders.Theinspirationthatcamefromsuchavariedlifefedintohiswork,givingitaninternationalcharacter.Sinceitissovaried,it’sdifficulttogeneralizeaboutTagore’swriting.Butit’simpossiblenottonoticeastrongawarenessoflossinit.TaketheselinesfromhispoemGoldenBoat,includedinabookthatwonhimin1913,worldliterature’shighesthonor,theNobelPrize.Tagoreimagineslifeasaboatwhichfloatson,leavinghim,adeadman,ontheshore“AllIhadachievedwascarriedoffonthegoldenboatonlyIwasleftbehind.”18．HowareLuXun,YeatsandTagoresimilar?A．Theywereallatthebeginningofthe20thcentury. B．Theyareallwealthywriters.C．Theyareallgreatliterarypatriots. D．TheyallwontheNoblePrize.19．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Tagore’swritingstyle.B．Tagore’slifeinIndia.C．Tagore’sinterestinBengaliliterature.D．Tagore’ssupportforhiscountry’sindependence.20．WhatgaveaninternationalcharactertoTagore’swork?A．Hisfame. B．Hisjourneysabroad.C．Otherfamousfiguresintheworld. D．Hisvariedlife.21．Bytakinglinesfromthepoemgoldenboats,theauthormeanstoprove________.A．Tagore’sloveforhismotherland.B．Tagore’stalentsinvariedfields.C．Tagore’sawarenessoflossinhiswork.D．Tagore’sgreatachievementinworldliterature.【答案】18．C19．A20．D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，重点介绍了著名的文学家泰戈尔。18．细节理解题。根据“China’sLuXunisafamiliarexample,alongwithW.B.Yeats,Ireland’sgreatestpoetandthefounderofthepatriotic“CelticTwilight”culturalmovement.Athirdgreatliterarypatriot…”可知，二人都是伟大的文学爱国者，故选C。19．段落大意题。分析第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍了泰戈尔的写作风格，故选A。20．细节理解题。根据“Theinspirationthatcamefromsuchavariedlifefedintohiswork,givingitaninternationalcharacter.”可知，来自如此丰富多彩的生活的灵感注入到他的作品中，使其具有国际性。故选D。例6Eachofusfailsfromtimetotime.Ifwearewise,weacceptthesefailuresasanecessarypartofthelearningprocess.Buttoooftenweexpresstoourchildreneitherbywordsorbyactionsthatfailureissomethingstobeashamedof.Donniewasmyyoungestthirdgrader.Hisfearoffailurekepthimfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedexcitedly.Heseldomansweredquestionshemightbewrong.Heseldomfinishedhisworkbecauseherepeatedlycheckedwithmetobesurehehadn’tmadeamistake.Itriedmybesttobuildhisselfconfidence.Butnothingchangeduntilmidterm,whenMaryAnne,astudentteacher,wasassignedtoourclassroom.Shewasyoungandpretty,andshelovedchildren.Mypupils,Donnieincluded,admiredher.Butevenwarmhearted,lovingMarywasbaffledbythislittleboy.Thenonemorning,wewereworkingonmathproblems.Donniehadcopiedtheproblemswithpainstakingneatnessandfilledinanswersforthefirstrow.Pleasedwithhisprogress,IleftthechildrenwithMary.ButwhenIreturned,Donniewasintears.He’dmissedthethirdproblem.Marylookedatmeindespair.Suddenlyherfacebrightened.Fromthedeskweshared,shegotacontainerfilledwithpencils.“Look,Donnie,”shesaid,“I’vegotsomethingtoshowyou.”Sheremovedthepencilsandplacedthemonhisdesk.“Seethesepencils,Donnie?”shecontinued.“TheybelongtoMrs.Lindstromandme.Seehowtheerasersareworn?That’sbecausewemakemistakestoo.Butweerasethemistakesandtryagain.That’swhatyoumustlearntodo,too.”Shekissedhimandcontinued.“I’llleaveoneofthesepencilsonyourdesksoyou’llrememberthateverybodymakesmistakes,eventeachers.”Donnielookedupwithloveinhiseyesandaslightofasmile.ThepencilbecameDonnie’sprizedpossession.That,togetherwithMaryAnne’sfrequentencouragementandpraiseforevenDonnie’ssmallsuccesses,graduallyremindedhimthatit’sallrighttomakemistakes—aslongasyouerasethemandtryagain.22．Whydidn’tDonnieplayclassroomgamesasotherchildren?A．Becausehewasafraidtofail.B．Becausehespenttoomuchtimeonhiswork.C．Becausehehadmadetoomanymistakes.D．Becausehecouldn’tworktogetherwithhisclassmates.24．ThereasonwhyDonnietreasuredthepencilleftbyMaryAnnemaybethat________.A．ItwasthefirstpresentfromMaryAnneB．HecoulduseittoerasethemistakeshehadmadeC．ItwasareminderofthepossibilitythateveryonemakesmistakesD．Itwastheprizeforhissuccess.【答案】22．A24．C【解析】短文主要通过Donnie的例子告诉我们在生活中应该如何对待失败。22．细节理解题，根据“Hisfearoffailurekepthimfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedexcitedly.”，可知Donnie对失败的恐惧使他不能在教室里玩其他孩子兴奋地玩的游戏。故选A.24．细节理解题，根据“I’llleaveoneofthesepencilsonyourdesksoyou’llrememberthateverybodymakesmistakes,eventeachers.”，可知玛丽·安妮用这支铅笔鼓励了Donnie，告诉他每个人都会犯错，即使是老师，但我们会抹去错误，重新开始。故选C。例7Aswewalkedslowlydownhilltotheboats.Thedoctortoldusthestory.“Twomonthsago,”hebegan,“Benfoundthetreasureanddugitup.Hecarrieditonhisback,inmanytiringjourneys,fromunderthepinetreetoacavehefound.That’swhenwearrivedontheHispaniola.”“IwenttomeetGunnontheafternoonoftheattack,”continuedthedoctor.“ThenwhenIcouldn’tseetheshipanymore,IvisitedSilver.IgavehimtheuselessmapandthesuppliesasBenGunnhadplentyofgoats’meat.Withthepiratesatthefortwecouldmovetothesafetyofthecaveandguardthemoney.IthoughtJimwassuretobetakentotheemptytreasurepitwiththepirates.SoIleftthesquireandthecaptainguardingthecave,andarrivedatthepitjustintime.Gunnwentaheadofme,ashecouldmovefast,andhewalkedonthepirates’fearsbysingingandcallingout,withgreatsuccess.Whenwegottheboats.WedestroyedoneofthemandwentintheothertowardtheNorthIInlet.Wemettheshipjustinsidethemouthoftheriver,sailingbyitself.Itwasdriftingtowardsthesea.WeanchoreditsafelythenrowedbackroundtoRumCave,justbelowBenGunn’sCave.GaryrowedbacktotheHispaniolaalonetospendthenightthereonguard.Atthetopofthebeach,byGunn’scave,wemetthesquire.Hewaspleasantandkindtome,withnopraiseorblame.Andthenweenteredthecave.Itwasalarge,airyplace,withalittlespringandasandyfloor.ByabigfirelayCaptainsmollett,and,inthefarcorner,Icouldseepilesofgoldcoinsandbarsofgold.ThatwasFlint’streasurewhichwecametoTreasureIslandtofind,andwhichcostthelivesofseventeenmenfortheHispaniola.Andsomanyothersthatitwasimpossibletosay.26．Wherewasthetreasureatfirst?A．Inthefort. B．Inthecave. C．Underthepinetree. D．Ontheship.27．Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofthestory?a.Gunnfrightenedthepiratessuccessfully.b.Gunnfoundthetreasureandhidit.c.Jimsawthetreasureinthecave.d.ThedoctorgaveSilvertheuselessmapandthesupplies.e.Thedoctorarrivedatthepitontime.A．bdaec B．bcdea C．dbcea D．dcbae28．Whichofthefollowingsentencesistrue?A．Thedoctorkilledthepiratessuccessfully.B．Silverwouldbechargedbythesquire.C．ThesquiremetGunnontheafternoonoftheattack.D．Overseventeenpeoplediedbecauseofthetreasure.【答案】26．C27．A28．D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章摘自史蒂文森所有作品中流传最广的代表作《金银岛》，以医生的口吻讲述了寻找宝藏期间发生的故事。26．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Benfoundthetreasureanddugitup.Hecarrieditonhisback,inmanytiringjourneys,fromunderthepinetreetoacavehefound”可知，本把从松树下发现的财宝搬到了一个洞穴里，所以财宝起先在松树下，故选C。27．细节理解题。故事的发展顺序是：Gunn在一颗松树下发现了宝藏，并把它埋到了一个山洞里；医生拜访了Silver，并给了他没用的地图和供给；Gunn在医生前面成功吓退了海盗；医生及时到达了宝藏坑处；因为海盗把Jim带到了空的宝藏坑处，所以Jim应是最后见到山洞里的宝藏的，顺序为：bdaec，故选A。28．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“ThatwasFlint’streasurewhichwecametoTreasureIslandtofind,andwhichcostthelivesofseventeenmenfortheHispaniola.Andsomanyothersthatitwasimpossibletosay”“这批财宝夺走了来自Hispaniola的17个人的生命，还有许多其他的无法说清的东西”可知，已有超过17个人为此送命，D选项表述正确，故选D。主旨大意题例1ItwasamorninginJanuary.Thejetstream（急流）haddippeddown,causingtheArcticcoldtoreachthemountainsofmyhome.Itwasonly2degreesoutside,butthecoldwindmadeitfeellikeitwas15belowzero.Still,Iwaskneelinginthesnowalongsidemyhousetryingtoopenatinydoor,soIcouldgetin.Ihadforgottentoleavemywaterdripping（滴水）thenightbeforeandnowmywaterpipeswerefrozenandmyfaucets（水龙头）weredry.ThewindcutintomelikeaknifewhileIstruggledtogettwoelectricheatersinplacearoundthesectionoffrozenpipes.Thewaterlineswereburiedexceptforasmallpiecethatconnecteduptomyhouse.Iputaheateroneachsideofit,rantheextensioncords（软线）intomyhouseandpluggedthemin.Bothheatersroaredtolifeandstartedblowinghotaironthefrozenwaterpipes.Myfingershadalreadystartedtogonumb,soIstayedinsidetowait.Icouldonlyhopethatthisbitofwarmthcouldgetmywaterflowingagain.Finally,aftertwentyminutes,thewaterstartedflowingthroughmyfaucetsagain.Iwentbackoutsideintothebillercoldandgatheredmyheatersup.IlookedattheweakJanuarysunshiningonthefrozensnowandsmiled.ThenIsentajoyfilledwith"Thankyou"heavenwardandreturnedinsidetomakemyselfahotbreakfast.Sometimesthecoldnessofthislifecangettousaswell.Itcanmakeourheartsfeelicyandfrozen.Itcankeepourkindnessandlovefromflowingouttoothers.Sometimes,though,allweneedisabitofwarmthtogetusgoingagain.Itcanbeasimplesmile,akindword,aheartfelthug,amorningsunrise,abird'ssongoranygentlereminderofjusthowmuchGodlovesus.Letusallbegratefulforthosebitsofwarmththatgelusgoingagain.Andletusalltrytobethatbitofwarmthforotherseverychanceweget.4．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlycenteredon?A．Thecoldnessoflifehasanegativeeffectonourlifequality.B．Wemeetwiththecoldnessoflifeunavoidablyandunwillingly.C．Weshouldbethankfulforbitsofwarmthoflife.D．Weshouldseizeeverychancetoreceivewarmthoflifefromothers.【答案】4．C【解析】4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后两句“Letusallbegratefulforthosebitsofwarmththatgelusgoingagain.Andletusalltrytobethatbitofwarmthforotherseverychanceweget.”可知，作者强调我们要感激生活中的每一个温暖，无论它们是多么的微不足道。故选C。例2Dr.CharlotteUhlenbroekrecentlyreturnedtoLondonafterfilminghersecondseries,Jungle.Itwasdifficult,19weektrip，duringwhichsheexploredtherainforestsofBorneo,theAmazonandCongo,travellingaroundusingvarietyofmeansoftransport,includinghotairballoonsandcanoes."I'minterestedinthewayanimalsmunicatewitheachother.Itwassometimesdangerousmakingtheprogram—Ievenwentswimmingwithpiranha(水虎鱼)fish.Buttheworstthingwasinsects.Ononeoccasion,Ihad70sandflybitesonmyarm.Luckily,Ididn'tgetsick.Iprefernottotaketabletseveryday,butifIgetafever,takesomemedicineimmediately."Filmingtheserieswasexciting,butalsofrighteningattimes.Hermostchallengingexperiencewasclimbinga100metertreeinBorneo,asshehasagreatfearofheights."Ihadtokeeppullingmyselffurtherandfurtherupwards.AllIwantedtodowasgetdownagain.Suddenlythesafetyequipmentdidn'tlookverystrongandIthoughtthatmyropeswouldbreakandIwouldcrashtotheground."WhatdidsheenjoymostaboutreturningtoLondon?"WhenI'vebeenawayinhotunfortableconditionsforalongtimeIdreamaboutanicecolddrinkandmybedathome!ButthethingIlookforwardtothemostisnicelongshowers.Therewasn'tmuchwaterinsomeoftheplaceswevisitedandIworriedthatIwasusingitallupandnotleavinganyformycolleaguesonthecamerateam!"7．WhichbestdescribestheTVseriesJungle?A．TheforestfloorhashundredsofdifferentinsectsletCharlottebeyourguidetothesefascinatingcreatures.B．Makingherfirsttelevisionappearance,Charlotteexploressomeofthewildestplacesonearth.C．Charlottelooksatwaysinwhichtheanimalsoftherainforestmanagetolivebesidetheirhumanneighbors.D．Insects,piranhafish,hotairballoons—it'sallinoneday'sworkforCharlotteinherlatestseries.7．D【解析】7．主旨大意题。根据“Dr.CharlotteUhlenbroekrecentlyreturnedtoLondonafterfilminghersecondseries,Jungle.Itwasdifficult,19weektrip，duringwhichsheexploredtherainforests…”以及整个文章的理解可知，Dr.CharlotteUhlenbroek拍摄的地点是热带雨林，条件极其艰苦，到处是昆虫水虎鱼等危险，有在热气球和独木舟等场景的拍摄，D选项概括最全面准确，故选D。例3Manyofusfeeluneasywhensomeonestandstooclosetous,talkstoustooloudlyormakeseyecontact（接触）withusfortoolong.Buthaveyoueverwonderedwhythosethingsmakeyouunfortable?It’sallaboutpersonalpeace,whichmeansnotonlyanimaginaryspacearoundthebody,butalsothespacearoundallthesenses.Peoplefeelthattheirspaceisbeingviolated（侵犯）whentheymeetwithanunwelesound,smellorlook.Thisisprobablywhyamanonacrowdedbusshoutingintohismobilephoneorawomannexttoyouputtingonstrongperfume（香水）makesyoufeelangry.Whetherpeoplehavehadastrongerwishtoprotecttheirpersonalspaceinrecenttimesishardtosay.Yetstudiesofairlinesshowthatpeoplehaveastrongdesire（渴望）tohavespacetothemselves.Insurvey（调查）byTripAdvisor,atravelwebsite,peoplesaidthatiftheyhadtopaymoreforsomeextraservice,theywouldratherhavelargerseatsthanextrafood.Althoughpeoplemayneedtheirpersonalspace,somehardlyrealizeit.Forexample,peopleonabuswhoholdnewspapersinfrontoftheirfacestoreadinfactkeepadistancefromstrangers.Goandwatchalibrarytable.Youwillnoticethatoneofthecornerseatswillusuallybetakenfirst,becausetheyarethefarthestway.Whatifsomeonesitsoppositetoyou?Maybeyouwillpileupbooksasiftomakeawall.Preference（偏好）forpersonalspacearedifferentfromculturetoculture.ScientistshavefoundthatAmericansgenerallyprefermorepersonalspacethanpeoplefromothercultures.InLatin（拉丁人的）cultures,however,peoplearemorefortablestandingclosetoeachother.8．Thewritermainly________inthisarticle.A．tellsushowtoachievepersonalspaceB．explainswhatpersonalspacepeopleneedisC．introducessomeknowledgeaboutpersonalspaceD．arguesfortheimportanceofkeepingpersonalspace【答案】8．C【解析】【分析】这篇短文谈论的是人际交往中的个人空间问题，文章告诉我们人们大多倾向于更大的个人空间。关于这个问题，不同的文化也有一些不同之处。8．主旨大意题。根据第二段“It’sallaboutpersonalpeace,whichmeansnotonlyanimaginaryspacearoundthebody,butalsothespacearoundallthesenses.”以及全文的内容可知，这篇短文主要介绍的是关于私人空间的问题。故选C。例4Fromtinyseeds(种子),greatdiscoveriesgrow.AminigardencarriedonChina'sChang'e4moonlanderrecentlybecamehometothefirstplanttogrowonanotherworld.ThisisyetanothersuccessforChang'e4.OnJanuary2,theprobe(探测器)becamethefirstlandertotouchdownonthefarsideofthemoon.Thisistheunknownfaceofthemoonthatisalwayslookingawayfromus,soweneverseeitfromdownhereontheearth.Althoughitisoftenregardedasthedarksideofthemoon,thefarsideactuallygetsasmuchsunshineasthenearside.Forexample,whenallwecanseeisasilvermoon,thefarsideofthemoonisinfullsunlight.PartofChang'e4'smission(使命)istoseehowamoonbasecouldbebuiltforhumans,includingexploring(探索)whetherhumanscouldgrowfoodandotherplantproductsthere.Chang'e4carriedaminigardenwithair,waterandsoilwithseedsplantedinit.Whenplantsshoot(发芽)ontheearth,theirstemsgrowawayfromthegravity(theforcethatkeepsyourfeetontheground),andsotheyalwaysshootupwards.Themoon'sgravityisasixthasstrongastheearth's,soChang'e4'sexperimentwasatest:wouldtheearthplantsknowwhichwaywasuponthemoon?Fourdaysafterlanding,atinycottonshootshowedthattheydo.

Nighthasnowfallenonthefarsideofthemoon,sunlightwillnotreturnuntilthestartofFebruary.Asaresult,thecottonshootsdied.Besidesthedarkness,theplantscan'tstandthecold(itcandropto170°Conthemoonatnight).However,theexperimentisasuccess,sinceithasprovedthatitispossibleforplantstogrowinspace.12．Thepassageismainlyabout__________.A．anothersuccessforChang'e4 B．theunknownfaceofthemoonC．thecottonshootsonthemoon D．thestepsofanexperiment13．WhichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUE?A．Thefarsideofthemoongetslesssunlight.B．Chang'e4carriedabiggardentothemoon.C．Wecanseethefarsideofthemoonfromtheearth.D．Theearthplantsknowthewaytogrowonthemoon.14．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanweprobablyreadthetext?A．Travela