2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit5WorkingtheLand话题五农业发展课时作业含解析新人教版选择性必修第一册

PAGE话题五农业发展Ⅰ.阅读ABigchangesinagriculturearetakingplaceinSingapore.Thesmall,SoutheastAsiannationisleadingafarmingrevolution,accordingtotheReutersnewsagency.Singaporecoversaround720squarekilometersoflandandonlyonepercentofthatlandareaisusedforagriculture.FoodproductioncostsarehighertherethantherestofSoutheastAsia.Asclimatechangeandpopulationgrowththreatenfoodsupplies,thepressureonnewfarmersistoanswerthegovernment'scallto“growmorewithless”．“WheneverItalkaboutfoodsecurityinSingapore,Itellpeoplenottothinkaboutland—thinkaboutspace,becauseyoucangoupwardsandsideways，”saidPaulTeng,anagricultureprofessoratNanyangTechnologicalUniversity.Therearemorethan30vertical(垂直的)farmsinSingapore—onesthatgrowup,notacross,theland.SustenirAgricultureisoneofthesebusinesses.Itshydroponic(无土栽培的)farmgrowsnon­nativefoodslikecherrytomatoesandstrawberriesinsidebuildingsunderartificiallighting.Thenitsellstheproducetolocalsupermarketsandonlinestores.Sustenirraised$16millionfrominvestors(投资者)lastyear.ThemoneywillbeusedtoexpandoperationsinSingapore.However,noteveryonethinksthenewtechnologyisbest.EggfarmerWilliamHosaysthegovernmentshouldnotdependsomuchonagriculturetechnologybusinesses.“Manyofthemhavefailed.That'swhyI'malwaysaskingthegovernmentwhyitdoesn'tinvestinusold­timers.Wearemorepractical，”hesaid.ProfessorPaulTengsaidanissueforurbanfarmersisthatthehighcostofthetechnologymakestheirproductstoopriceyformanypeople.1．Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlydiscuss?A．Highfoodproductioncosts.B．Reasonsforchangesinagriculture.C．Agriculturaltechnologybusinesses.D．Saleexpansionoffoodmarkets.2．WhichisthewaytoachievefoodsecurityaccordingtoPaulTeng?A．Exploringmorespace.B．Buyingmorefood.C．Enlargingfarmland.D．Investingmoremoney.3．Whatdoweknowabouttheold­timers?A．Theyworkonhigh­techfarms.B．Theybenefitfrompriceyproducts.C．Theyreduceproductioncosts.D．Theyneedthegovernment'ssupport.4．Whereisthispassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Aguidebook.B．Abrochure.C．Anewspaper.D．Ajournal.BFoodblogs,celebrities,andnutritionistsalladvocatethebenefitsofeatingorganic(有机的)fruitandvegetables.ButanewstudypublishedinScienceAdvancespaintsamorecomplexpicture.Whileorganicproduceislikelyslightlyhealthiertoeatand,insomeways,moresustainabletogrow,therearealsodownsides.Organicfruitandvegetablestypicallycostmorethanconventionalones.Togetacertificateasorganic,farmersmustmeetspecificcriteria,includinggrowingproducewithouttheuseofgeneticengineeringandchemicalinputs.Withoutthesemethods,thegrowingprocesstypicallyrequiresmorelabour,time,andmoney,thecoststhatarepassedontoconsumers.It'struethatinmanyways,organicfarmingismoresustainablethanconventionalfarming.Butwhenitcomestoenvironmentalconcernssuchasgreenhousegasemissionandwaterloss,thecomparisongetscomplex.Organicfarmsproducefewergreenhousegasesperacre.However,becausetheyarebarredfromusinggeneticengineering,pesticides(杀虫剂),andothermethodsthatincreaseefficiency(效率),organicfarmsalsoproduceanestimated19%to25%lessyieldthanconventionalfarms.Whilethereisn'tawholelotofresearchonthetopic,thefewstudiesthatdoexistsuggestgreenhousegasoutputandwaterlossmightactuallybehigheronorganicfarms,onaperunitbasis,saysthestudyauthorVerenaSeufert.Inaddition,whileorganicproduceislikelymorenutritiousthanconventionalfruitandvegetables,there'snotalotofevidencetosupporttheclaimthattheseoftenslightdifferencesinfluenceconsumerhealth.Thesameistrueforthepesticideremainder.Indevelopedcountries,wherepesticideuseistightlyregulated,there'snoscientificconsensus(共识)onhowtheseoftenslightdifferencesinfluencehumanhealth.Still,Seufertstressesthatifyoucanaffordtoeatorganicproduce,youshoulddoso.Organicfarmsprovidesaferworkenvironmentsforworkers,plustheysupportgreatbiodiversity(生物多样性).Therealpointfromherstudyisnotthatorganicproduceisbadbutthatthepracticeneedsmorestudiestoincreasetheyieldwithoutloweringsustainability.Butifyoucan'taffordtobuyorganicproduce,don'tstresstoomuch,particularlyfromanutritionalperspective.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“downsides”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A．Dangers.B．Drawbacks.C．Benefits.D．Differences.6．Whichkeyfactormakesitcomplicatedtocompareorganicfarmingwithconventionalfarmingwhenitcomestoenvironmentalconcerns?A．Theyield.B．Theprice.C．Thewaterloss.D．Thelabour.7．Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthormostprobablyagreewith?A．Farmers'workenvironmentshouldbeimproved.B．Organicproduceshouldbemademoreefficiently.C．Itisn'twiseforconsumerstobuyorganicproducts.D．Thepesticideremainderdoesnoharmtopeople'shealth.CHaveyoueverheardofagritourismwhereyoucanexperiencethefarmlife?Ifnot,Dr.CindyAyers­ElliottwilltellyoutherealstoryofFootPrintFarms.TheoriginalconceptofbuildingFootPrintFarmswassimple.WhenAyers­Elliottreturnedtoherhometownaftergraduation,shedidn'thavetolookanyfurtherthanherstate'salarminghealthstatisticstofindamission.Everywheresheturned,therewerereportsofhighbloodpressure,diabetes,obesityandheartdisease.“Theproblemwasalreadyidentified，”explainsAyers­Elliott.“ToomanyMississippianswereseriouslyunhealthyanditdidn'ttakeresearchtoseethat.Andmanyofthestate'sgreatesthealthchallengescoulddirectlyresultfrompoordiet.”Thesedays,FootPrintFarms,whichstartedwithafewraisedbedsofherbsandvegetables,ismakingfresh,naturallygrownfood.“Whenspeakingofthekeytomysuccess,theco­opmodelworksbecausewesharetheworkandrewards，”notesAyers­Elliott“AperfectexampleistheWingfieldHighSchoolfootballteam.Toearnthemoneyforequipmentandotheritems,playerscommittedtoworkingfivehoursaweekonthefarm,andbytheendofthesummertheyproduced1,000melonsandtheprofitsfromtheirsaleshelpedtobuyweights,T­shirts,sweatsuitsandpregamemeals.Butthelessonstheylearnedabouttherewardsofhardworkandworkingtogethertoaccomplishsomethingwereevenmorevaluableproductsoftheirefforts.”“It'samodelthatcaneasilybelearnedinotherplacesandI'mlookingforwardtoseeingsomeofourcurrentpartnersdojustthat—totakewhattheyhavelearnedhereandspinitoffinothercommunities.”Ayers­Elliottremarks.Sheisnowlookingforwardtodevelopinganagritourismareatothefarm,wherevisitorscanexperiencethefarmlife,learnnewskillsandtakewiththemseedsofinspirationtheycansowintheirowncommunitieswhentheyreturnhome.8．WhatmadeAyers­ElliottsetupFootPrintFarms?A．Theproblemsfacedbylocalfarmers.B．Herfurtherresearchintoheartdisease.C．Thefailureofhercareeraftergraduation.D．Thehealthstateofpeopleinherhometown.9．Whydoestheauthortakethefootballteamasanexample?A．Toadvocatetheconceptofindependence.B．Tostresstheimportanceofteamwork.C．Tosupporttheideaofco­opmodel.D．Toexplorethekeytosuccess.10．WhatisAyers­Elliott'sattitudetowardsthefutureofFootPrintFarms?A．Optimistic.B．Skeptical.C．Cautious.D．Ambiguous.11．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Naturallygrownfoodbenefitspeople'shealth.B．FoodPrintFarmsismakingadifferenceinMississippi.C．Ayers­Elliottencouragespeopletoexperiencethefarmlife.D．AgritourismisbecomingincreasinglypopularinAmerica.Ⅱ.七选五Agardenthat'sjustrightforyouHaveyouevervisitedagardenthatseemedjustrightforyou,wheretheatmosphereofthegardenappearedtototalmorethanthesum(总和)ofitsparts?__1__.Butitdoesn'thappenbyaccident.Itstartswithlookinginsideyourselfandunderstandingwhoyouarewithrespecttothenaturalworldandhowyouapproachthegardeningprocess.·__2__Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers(肥料).__3__.However,thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears.·Recall(回忆)yourchildhoodmemoriesOurmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.Grandma'srosegardenandDad'svegetablegardenmightbegoodorbad,butthat'snotwhat'simportant.__4__—howbeinginthosegardensmadeusfeel.Ifyou'dliketobuildapowerfulbondwithyourgarden,startbytakingsometimetorecallthegardensofyouryouth.__5__.Thengooutsideandworkoutaplantotranslateyourchildhoodmemoriesintoyourgrown­upgarden.Havefun.A．KnowwhyyougardenB．FindagoodplaceforyourowngardenC．It'sourexperienceofthegardenthatmattersD．It'sdelightfultoseesomanybeautifulflowersE．StillothersmaysimplyenjoybeingoutdoorsandclosetoplantsF．Youcanproducethatkindofmagicalqualityinyourowngarden,tooG．Foreachofthosegardens,writedownthestrongestmemoryyouhave话题五农业发展Ⅰ.阅读A【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了新加坡建设空中农场以解决国内食品供应短缺问题的状况。1．答案与解析：B考查段落大意。依据其次段内容可知，新加坡用于农业的耕地面积少、食品生产成本高，而气候改变和人口增长对其粮食供应构成了威逼，再结合上文中的“BigchangesinagriculturearetakingplaceinSingapore.”可知，本段主要说明了新加坡农业发生变革的缘由，故选B。2．答案与解析：A考查推理推断。依据第三段中的“WheneverItalkaboutfoodsecurityinSingapore,Itellpeoplenottothinkaboutland—thinkaboutspace,becauseyoucangoupwardsandsideways”可知，PaulTeng认为实现粮食保障的途径是向上或向侧面开发空间，故A项符合文意。3．答案与解析：D考查推理推断。依据最终一段中的“I'malwaysaskingthegovernmentwhyitdoesn'tinvestinusold­timers”可知，禽蛋养殖户WilliamHo问政府为什么不在他们这些传统农户身上投资，言外之意是他们这些传统农户须要政府的支持，故选D。4．答案与解析：C考查推理推断。通读全文可知，本文主要报道了新加坡建设空中农场以解决国内食品供应短缺问题的事情，属于新闻范畴，因此文章最有可能出自报纸，故选C。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了有机农产品的一些状况，体现了学科核心素养中的“环保意识、健康饮食意识”的文化品行。5．答案与解析：B词义揣测题。依据第一段最终一句“Whileorganicproduceislikelyslightlyhealthiertoeatand,insomeways,moresustainabletogrow,therearealsodownsides.”可知，虽然有机农产品可能略微健康些，但在某些方面，也有其缺点。再结合语境和下文陈述的有机农产品的缺点可以推断，画线词应指有机农产品不好的一面，B项意为“缺点”，故B项正确。6．答案与解析：A细微环节理解题。依据题干关键词“complicatedtocompare”定位至第三段其次句“Butwhenitcomestoenvironmentalconcernssuchasgreenhousegasemissionandwaterloss,thecomparisongetscomplex.”，由此可知，当涉及诸如温室气体排放和水资源损失等环境问题时，比较传统农业和有机农业就变得困难了；依据第三段其他内容可知，虽然有机农业与传统农业相比更具可持续性，但因为不能运用基因工程技术、杀虫剂及其他提高效率的方法，有机农业的产量相对低，假如有机农业想要和传统农业有一样高的产量，其对环境的影响就会更大，故产量是使得两者之间的比较变得困难的重要因素。A项意为“产量”，故A项正确。7．答案与解析：B推理推断题。依据第三段第四句可知，由于禁止运用基因工程技术和杀虫剂等方法，有机农场的产量估计会比传统农场的产量低19%至25%。据此可以推断，应当提高有机农业的生产效率，故B项正确。第五段的最终一句亦是提示。C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一个农业旅游基地FootPrintFarms建立的缘由及其发展状况。8．答案与解析：D