上海市闵行区2025届高三英语下学期二模考试试题含解析

PAGE29-上海市闵行区2025届高三英语下学期二模考试试题（含解析）考生留意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分,试卷共12页。全部答题必需涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。3.答题前,务必在答题纸上填写学校、姓名和考生号。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Acook.B.Adentist.C.Asurgeon.D.Atechnician.2.A.She’dliketohavethewindowsopen.B.Shelikestohavetheairconditioneron.C.Theairisheavilypolluted.D.Thewindowsarealwaysopen.3.A.Artattraction.B.Paintingskills.C.Furniturequality.D.Roomdecoration.4.A.Sheappreciatestheman’seffort.B.Shedoesenjoyspicyfood.C.Sheisannoyedwiththeman.D.Shedoesn’tlikethefoodthemanprepared.5.A.Theycan’tfitintothemachine.B.Theyweresenttothewrongstress.C.Theyhaven’tbeendeliveredyet.D.Theywerefoundtobeofthewrongtype.6.A.Thelongwaitingtime.B.Thebrokendowncomputer.C.Themistakesinhertelephonebill.D.Thebadtelephoneservice.7.A.Itsquality.B.ItspriceC.ItsmaterialsD.Itsappearance.8.A.Walkinthecountryside.B.Dosomeexercise.C.Goshopping.D.Washsomedresses.9.A.Heisgoingtovisitaphotostudio.B.Hehasjusthadhispicturetaken.C.Heisonethewaytothetheatre.D.Hehasjustreturnedfromajobinterview.10.A.Hedoesn’twantJennytogetintotrouble.B.Hedoesn’tagreewiththewoman’sremark.C.HethinksJenny’sworkloadtooheavyatcollege.D.Hebelievesmostcollegestudentsarerunningwild.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Attendexpertgrowers’lecture.B.Visitfruit-lovigfamilies.C.Plantfruittreesinanorchard(果园).D.Tastemanykindsofapples.12.A.Itisanewvariety.B.Itisthebestvarietyforeatingquality.C.Itisrarelyseennow.D.Itneedsperfectsoiltogrow.13A.Toshowhowtogrowapples.B.Tointroduceanapplefestival.C.Tohelppeopleselectapples.D.ToattractmorepeopletovisitBritainQuestions14through16arebasedonthefollowingnews.14.A.Lackofsleepcouldleadtoheathproblem.B.Lackofsleepaffectsadultsmorethanchildren.C.Sleepingproblemsareoneoftheleadingcausesofobesity.D.Theamountofsleeppeopleneedchangeswithage.15.A.Lesssleepisneededwhentheyenteradolescence.B.Ideally,theyneed8hoursofsleepanight.C.Theymayhavedifficultyinfallingasleepbefore11:00pm.D.Theyalwayswakeupatmidnightduetobiologicalchanges.16.A.Theamountofsleepandacademicperformance.B.Acomparisonofdifferenttimetostartschool.C.Students’sleepingtimeandsocialbehaviors.D.Abeneficialchangeofschoolstartingtime.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Extremesports.B.Citylife.C.Human’spotential.D.Dangerandsafety.18.A.Theyliketostayisolated.B.Theypreferdangertosafety.C.Theywanttoknowtheirpotential.D.Theyareboredwiththetraditionalones.19.A.Objective.B.Negative.C.Positive.D.Neutral.20.A.Itisinterestingandchallenging.B.Itisdangerousandneedsnoskills.C.Itenablespeopletofacefears.D.Itonlystimulateindividualism.II.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.AbriefhistoryofChopsticks.We’vediscussedthestoryofknifeandfork,butthere’sanothersetofutensils(器皿)usedbybillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld—andithasatrulyancientpast.TheChinesehavebeenwieldingchopstickssinceatleast1200B.C.,andbyA.D.500chopsticks___1___(sweep)theAsiancontinentfromVietnamtoJapan.Fromtheirhumblebeginnings___2___cookingutensilstopaper-wrappedbamboosetsatthesushicounter,there'smoretochopsticksthanmeetstheeye.Chopsticks___3___(develop)about5000yearsagoinChina.The___4___(early)versionswereprobablytwigsusedtogetfoodfromcookingpots.Whenresourcesbecamescare,around400B.C.,craftychefsfiguredout___5___toconservefuelbychoppingfoodintosmallerpiecesthatrequiredlesscookingfuel,andbesides,itcouldbecookedmorequickly.Thisnewmethodofcookingmadeitunnecessarytohaveknivesatthedinnertable—apracticethatalsomatchedthenon-violentteachingsofConfucius(孔子)，___6___expressedinoneofhisnumerousquotations:“thehonorableanduprightmankeepswellawayfromboththeslaughterhouse(屠宰房)andthekitchen.Andheallowsnoknivesonhistable.”Asavegetarian,hebelievedthatknives’sharppointsevoked(诱发)violence___7___(kill)thehappy,contentedmoodthatshouldreignduringmeals.Thanksinparttohisteachings,chopstickusequicklybecamewidespreadthroughoutAsia.Differentculturesadopteddifferentchopstickstyles.PerhapsinanodtoConfucius,Chinesechopsticksfeaturedabluntratherthanpointedend.InJapan,chopstickswere8incheslongformenand7incheslongforwomen.In1878theJapanesebecamethefirst___8___(create)thenow-ubiquitousdisposableset,typicallymadeofbambooorwood.Wealthydinerscouldeatwithivory,jade,coral,brassoragateversions,whilethemostprivilegedusedsilversets.Itwasbelievedthatthesilverwouldcorrodeandturnblack___9___itcameintocontactwithpoisonedfood.Throughouthistory,chopstickshaveenjoyedasymbioticrelationshipwithanotherstapleofAsiancuisine:rice.Atfirstglance,you'dthinkthatricewouldn'tmakethecut,butinAsiamostriceisoftheshort-ormedium-grainvariety.Thestarches(淀粉质食品)inthesericescreateacookedproductthatisgummyandclumpy,unlikethefluffyanddistinctgrainsofWesternlong-grainrice.___10___chopstickscometogethertoliftsteamingbundlesofstickyrice,it'samatchmadeinheaven.【答案】1.hadswept2.as3.weredeveloped4.earliest5.how6.as7.killing8.tocreate9.if/when10.As/Because/Since【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章简洁介绍了筷子的历史渊源。【1题详解】考查时态。句意：截止公元500年，筷子已经传遍了亚洲大陆，从越南到日本。分析句子可知，这里sweep的动作在一个过去的时间点之前已经完成了，要用过去完成时。故填hadswept。【2题详解】考查介词。句意：从作为餐具的简陋的雏形到寿司柜台上纸包竹的套装。分析句意可知，这里humblebeginnings与cookingutensils所指的含义是相同的，都是筷子最初的形态，要用介词as表示“作为……”。故填as。【3题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：大约五千年前筷子在中国被发展起来。分析句意可知，主语Chopsticks与谓语动词develop之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，且动作发生于过去的时间点，要用一般过去时。故填weredeveloped。【4题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：最早的样子可能是用来从锅具里夹取食物的小树枝。这里承接上文介绍筷子的起源，应当要介绍最早的筷子形态，要用形容词最高级。故填earliest。【5题详解】考查疑问代词。句意：灵活的厨师想出了通过把食物切成小份从而节约燃料的方法。这里须要空白处与其后的不定式共同构成宾语，可以用“疑问代词+不定式”结构，相当于名词的作用。此处给的是一种烹饪方法，要用how表示“如何、怎样”。故填how。【6题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这样的行为也符合了孔子避开暴力的思想，正如他那句闻名的话表达的一样。这里考虑非限制性定语从句，后句缺少主语，且从句意上看含有“正如、就像”的意思，要用as作关系词。故填as。【7题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一个素食者，他认为刀的尖端会诱发暴力，将本应当在吃饭时拥有的欢乐满意的心情给抹杀掉。分析句子结构可知，kill作violence的后置定语，且kill与violence之间是主动关系，要用现在分词形式。故填killing。【8题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：1878年日本人成为了第一批创建出现在通用的由竹子和木头做成的一次性筷子的人。分析句子结构可知，这里create作thefirst的后置定语，且thefirst是create的逻辑主语（这些人创建了筷子），要用不定式。故填tocreate。【9题详解】考查状语从句。句意：人们认为银接触到有毒的食物会腐蚀变黑。这里前后句所描述的动作可以视为是同时发生的，可以用when连接作时间状语从句；也可以视作后句动作发生导致前句动作发生，可以用if连接作条件状语从句。故填if/when。【10题详解】考查连词。句意：因为筷子合在一起来夹起黏成一团的热腾腾的米饭，所以堪称天作之合。分析句意可知，前后句呈现的是因果关系，可以用because、since和as三个从属连词来引导缘由状语从句。故填As/Because/Since。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.The“PennyBlack”,thefirstpostagestampissuedinBritainand,moreimportantly,thefirstpostagestampissuedanywhere,___11___theimageofQueenVictoria,butthefirstBritishpostalservicedidn’toriginateinVictoriaEngland.In1860,WilliamDockwrastartedapublicservicethat___12___thequickdeliveryofaletteranywhereinLondon.Hissystemwasquickly___13___withDockwraincharge.Itwasfarfromaperfectsystem,___14___withseeminglyimproperchargesthatmadeitunreasonablyexpensivetosendaletter.Worsestill,recipientswereexpectedtopay.Asyoumightimagine,this___15___someproblems—eitherpeopleweren’thomeorflat—outrefusedtopay.Thesystemjustdidn’twork,butitremainedinplaceforfartoolong.About50yearslater,todobetter,RollandHillarguedforputtinganendtothepostalchargesandreplacingthemwithasinglenationalrateofonepenny,whichwouldbepaidbythesender.WhenthepostofficeignoredHill’sideas,heself-publishedhisessayanditquicklygained___16___amongthepublic.HillwasthenorderedbyPostmasterGeneralLordLichfieldtodiscusspostalreformand,duringtheirsubsequentmeetings,thetwomenconceivedofagluy___17___thatcouldbeappliedtotheenvelopstoindicatepayment.Thoughithadgainedsupportwiththepublicwholongedforaaffordablywaytoconnectwithdistantfriendsandfamily,officialswerestillnotconvinced.Thankfully,Hillwasfarfromaloneinhispassionforreform.Heeventuallyearnedenoughsupportfromotherlike-mindedindividualstoconvinceParliamentto___18___hissystem.In1839,Hillheldacompetitiontodesignallthepostalfacility.Thewinningstamp___19___describingtheyoungqueen’sprofilecamefromoneWilliamWyon,whobasedthedesignonamedalhecreatedtocelebratehisfirstvisittoLondon.The“PennyBlack”stampwentonsaleonMay1,1840.Itwasanimmediate___20___Suddenly,thecountryseemedalotsmaller.Thepennyblack’sdesignwassowellreceivedthatitremainedinuseforfortyyear.【答案】11.B12.F13.J14.C15.G16.K17.A18.E19.I20.H【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章记述了世界上第一张邮票的诞生及其历史背景。【11题详解】考查动词。句意：更重要的是，在各个地方发行的第一张邮票，带有维多利亚女王的头像。分析句子结构可知，主语是thefirstpostagestamp，宾语是theimageofQueenVictoria，缺少谓语动词，bear有“带有（标记、特征）”的意思，符合句意。故选B项。【12题详解】考查动词。句意：1860年，WilliamDockwra起先一项公共服务，保证信件在伦敦任何地方都能快速送达。分析句子结构可知，在定语从句中缺少谓语动词，结合先行词service要说明服务的内容，guarantee“保证，担保”更加符合文意。故选F项。【13题详解】考查动词。句意：他的系统快速在全国普及，由他来全权掌管。从文段中对邮政系统发展历程的描述中不难揣测，这里要表达Dockwra的系统有了进一步的发展，也就是从伦敦发展到了全国范围。故填J项。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这还远非一个完备的系统，受限于看起来不太合理的价格，使得送一封信的价格贵得没道理。分析句意可知，后句提及的价格因素造成了当前系统的不完善，burden意为“加负担于……，使负重担”，符合文意。故C项。【15题详解】考查动词。句意：正如你可能想象的，这会出现一些问题——有的人不在家或者比较直率都会拒绝付款。前文提到收信人还要付收信款，从而导致了下文的问题。present意为“使发生，出现”协作宾语someproblems是最合适的。故选G项。【16题详解】考查固定短语。句意：邮政官方没有理睬Hill的想法，他就自己作出了尝试，并快速在人们中普及。分析句意可知，Hill的办法没有得到官方重视，他出版了自己的方案，也的确有很好的反响，gainground意为“取得发展，普及”，符合文意。故选K项。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：两个人设想了一种有粘性的标签，可以贴在信封上代表邮资。结合上下文不难理解，这里就是对邮票雏形的描述，即信封上的一个标签。故选A项。【18题详解】考查动词。句意：他最终从那些有类似想法的人那里获得了足够的支持，使议会同意了施行他的系统。这里叙述邮票系统发展的波折过程，最终议会被劝服，下一步就应当运用这套系统了。implement意为“实施，实现”，符合文意。故选E项。【19题详解】考查名词。句意：胜出的邮票作品上绘有年轻女王的肖像，出自一位WilliamWyon之手。Hill为邮票形象支配了一次设计竞赛，最终有一个作品胜出了，entry意为“参赛作品”，符合文意。故选I项。【20题详解】考查名词。句意：它立刻就流通起来。联系上下文，邮票一经发行，整个国家好像都变小了，意味着很多人都用上了邮票寄信，hit有一个非正式含义“面市并产生影响”，符合文意。故选H项。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Theterm“staycation”meansvacationsthatyoutakeathomeornearyourhomeratherthantravelingtoanotherplace.Itisiscloselyconnectedwithlesspollution,savingmoneyandnotcontributingtotheoverwhelmingdisorderthattakesplaceinsomeoftheworld'smosttouristicareas.Theconceptofstaycationwasbornatthetimeofthe2008market___21___intheUnitedStates.Becauseofit,manyhouseholdswereforcedto___22___theirexpensesandconsequentlylimittheirvacationbudget.Theshortageofmoneytotravelabroadisattheoriginofwhymanypeoplestartedto(re)discovertheirmost___23___surroundingsAtthesametimeawarenessofthe___24___impactsoftourism,especiallyonwhatconcernstheimpactsoftransportation,startedtoincreasetoo.Andsodidtheperceptionthatsomeofthemaincities(abroad)areincreasinglyoverloadedwithpeople--withplacessuchasBarcelona,Venice,ortheSeychellesplanningon___25___atouristcap.Staycationappearslikeagreatsolutionforthe___26___abovementioned.Itisagreatwayofspendingjoyfulvacationswhilehelpingone's___27___andtheenvironment.___28___,stayingclosetohomeeliminatesthebudgetforaccommodationandtransport.Apartfromthefinancial___29___gainedbyleavingbehindexpensiveplaneticketsorbynotbookinghotelroomsthataren'tcheap,staycationalsohasthebenefitofkeepingharmful___30___intheground.Cars,boats,andplanesarenot(orareless)used;___31___,othermeansoftransportsuchaspublictransport,bicycles,electricscootersorjustwalkingarefavored.Thisallowspeople'scarbonfootprintsnotto___32___asmuchastheywouldiflongdistanceshadbeentraveled.Astaycationisaformofalternativetourismthatisfullyinlinewiththeslowtourismtrend.Slowtourisminvitesyoutoliveinthe___33___moment.Itencouragesyoutotakeyourtime,discovernearbylandscapes,reconnectandspendmoretimeoutdoorsinnaturewiththepeopleyouenjoy,Therearenofully-bookeddays,andthereisno___34___togofromoneactivitytoanotherjusttostaybusyallthetime.Giventhemultiple___35___oflocaltourism,younolongerhaveareasontobeembarrassedatthecoffeemachineatworkwhenyouareaskedwhereyouaregoingonvacationthisyear.21.A.value B.sector C.crisis D.shares22.A.restrict B.bear C.avoid D.meet23.A.cheerful B.immediate C.polluted D.attractive24.A.limited B.financial C.cultural D.environmental25.A.introducing B.stopping C.postponing D.raising26.A.challenges B.assessment C.tasks D.applications27.A.voyage B.mind C.pocket D.hometown28.A.Inaddition B.Forexample C.Infact D.Onthecontrary29.A.services B.advice C.resources D.savings30.A.emissions B.exposure C.vehicles D.strategies31.A.therefore B.instead C.however D.moreover32.A.last B.fall C.increase D.change33.A.historic B.present C.critical D.climatic34.A.good B.harm C.blame D.rush35.A.advantages B.challenges C.platforms D.themes【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.A26.A27.C28.C29.D30.A31.B32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种居家度假的新型度假模式，讲解并描述了其来历和优点所在。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：staycation的概念诞生于2008年美国市场危机之时。A.value价值；B.sector部门；C.crisis危机；D.shares股份。依据下文人们缩减支出的描述并联系时代背景，不难想到这里指的是2008年的金融危机。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，很多家庭都被迫限制支出，缩减假期的预算。A.restrict限制；B.bear忍受；C.avoid避开；D.meet满意。下文提到结果是限制假期预算，也就是缩减支出的意思。故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没钱去国外旅游成了很多人起先发觉最近的旅游目的地的理由。A.cheerful开心的；B.immediate立即的，最接近的；C.polluted受污染的；D.attractive吸引人的。结合前文提出的staycation的含义不难推想，无法出外旅游的人们会把目光投向身边、近处。故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，对于旅游业的环境影响的意识也增加了。A.limited有限的；B.financial金融的；C.cultural文化的；D.environmental环境的。下文尤指交通方面的影响，还提到了人口对城市的影响，都可以归为环境因素，且与后文的environment对应。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：比如巴塞罗那、维纳斯或塞舌尔都支配引入了旅游业经费的最高限额。A.introducing引入，介绍；B.stopping阻挡；C.postponing推迟；D.raising募集。本段从城市的旅游业政策上给出staycation的另一方面理由，大城市也选择在旅游业上削减支出，atouristcap意为“旅游业经费的最高限额”，该政策是要引入的。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Staycation好像是应对上述挑战的不错的解决方案。A.challenges挑战；B.assessment评估；C.tasks任务；D.applications应用。金融危机和其带来的种种结果对人们的生活来说无疑是个挑战。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是个好方法，让人享受美妙假期的同时也善待了钱包和环境。A.voyage航行；B.mind思想；C.pocket口袋，钱财；D.hometown家乡。结合前文理解staycation的好处，就是能让人们省钱。故选C项。【28题详解】考查固定短语。句意：事实上，在家旁边旅游避开了住宿和交通的消费。A.Inaddition此外；B.Forexample例如；C.Infact事实上；D.Onthecontrary相反。空白后句子的内容陈述的是事实，与前句基本是并列的关系。故选C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了用不看昂贵的机票和旅馆房间省下的钱以外，staycation还有一个好处：让有害的尾气排放变少。A.services服务；B.advice建议；C.resources资源；D.savings储蓄，存款。结合上文，financialsavings在这里就指通过不出门旅游节约下的钱。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了用不看昂贵的机票和旅馆房间省下的钱以外，staycation还有一个好处：让有害的尾气排放变少。A.emissions排放；B.exposure暴露；C.vehicles车辆；D.strategies策略。与下一句“汽车、轮船、飞机都不（或少）被运用”对应可知，是指尾气排放变少。故选A项。【31题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：取而代之的是，其他的交通方式比如公共交通、自行车、电动车乃至步行更受人们欢迎。A.therefore因此；B.instead而不是，取而代之；C.however然而；D.moreover除此之外。前句说到汽车、船舶、飞机用得少了，后句则说绿色出行方式更受欢迎了，相当于后者取代了前者，用instead符合句意。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这使得人们的碳踪迹不会增长到出一趟远门带来的那么多。A.last持续；B.fall坠落；C.increase增加；D.change变更。分析句意可知，选择不出门旅游就可以削减碳排放，也就是碳踪迹的不增加。故选C项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：慢旅游邀请你生活在此时此刻。A.historic历史的；B.present现在的；C.critical指责的，确定性的；D.climatic气候的。结合上下文对于慢旅游的说明，指的是慢下来，发觉旁边的景色，活在当下感受当下。故选B项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有哪一天是日程满满的，也不用焦急着从一个活动赶去另一个活动，就为了始终保持劳碌。A.good好处；B.harm害处；C.blame责怪；D.rush仓促。承接前文对慢旅游的说明，这里是建议读者把生活的节奏慢下来，享受一些闲暇时间，不用急着做事。故选D项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到当地旅游的多种优势。A.advantages优点；B.challenges挑战；C.platforms平台；D.themes主题。下文表示即使不出门旅游也不会感到尴尬了，正是因为文章排列出的staycation的种种好处。故选A项。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)BrookeMartin’sgoldenretriever(金毛猎犬)Kaylahatedbeingleftaloneorseparated.Shewouldhowl,pace,andchewonthings.Brookelearnedthatotherpeoplehadthesameproblemwiththeirpets.Shewondered:―Whatifyoucouldtalktoyourdogifyouweregone?Workingwithherfatherintheirgarage,the16-year-oldcameupwithseveralideas.Finally,sheinventedadevicethatallowedpetownerstovideochatwiththeirpets!ShecallsthedeviceiCPooch.―Thedogdoesn’thavetoanswerthecall,explainsBrooke.―Itcomesupimmediatelyonthescreenontheirend.It’satwo-wayaudioandvideo—youcanseeandheareachother.Withaclickofabuttonyoucanevensendthedogatreat!Herinventionhasearnedheraspotcompetingagainstnineotherfinalistsinayoungscientistcompetitionformiddle-schoolstudents.Thesefinalists,selectedbasedontheirshortvideopresentations,areworkingwithmentorsoverthesummerbeforeheadingtothefinalcompetitioninSt.Paul,Minn.AfterMartin’svideoputheramongthe10finalistsintheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScientistChallenge,shewaspairedwithDelonyLanger-Anderson,aproductdevelopmentscientistin3M’sconsumerhealthcaredivision.―Ijustleadherdowntheproductdevelopmentpath,Langer-AndersontoldLiveScience.Thispathincludesguidanceonhowtotestthepotentialproduct,whichcombinesavideochatdevicethatanswersimmediatelyonthedog’sendwithadogtreatdevicetheownercanremotelyactivate.OnethingIhavethoughtaboutalotis,whathappensifwhilethedeviceisonthefloor,whatifyourdogknocksitover,orscratchesthescreen?Martinsaid.SheandLanger-Andersondiscussedthis,andMartinisnowtestingmaterialsatalocaldogshelterbytapingthemtothedoghousefloorstoseehowwelltheywithstandsharpteethandclaws.Thefinalistscreatemodelstheycantest,withtheguidancefromamentor.Theirprojectsincludeafuelcellthattransformscutgrassintoelectricityandanappthatrewardsdriversfornottextingorcalling.Langer-Andersontriestohelpthestudentsworkthroughthescientificmethod,testingtheirhypothesis,inadeterminedway,―sothekidsdon’tgetburiedindata.shesaid.36.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.“iCPooch”winsinayoungscientistcompetition.B.A16-year-oldgirlinventsadevicefordoghunger.C.Aman-madedeviceletspeoplechatwiththeirpets.D.Akid-inventeddevicecalmdogs’separationanxiety.37.“iCPooch”calmspetdogsby________.A.allowingvideochatB.makingdogssleepC.answeringthecallD.givingthemfood38.Whatistheprobablemeaningoftheunderlinedword“mentor”A.competitor B.assistant C.instructor D.companion39.Whatdotheinventionsofthefinalistshaveincommon?A.Theyareallnewinventionsdealingwithpets.B.Theyarepossiblesolutionstoeverydayproblems.C.Theycopewiththeproblemsrelatedtocomputers.D.Theyareallaccomplishedthroughindividualwork.【答案】36.D37.A38.C39.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一种儿童独创的装置可以缓解狗的分别焦虑。【36题详解】主旨大意题。依据全文内容分析可知，本文主要介绍了一种儿童独创的装置可以缓解狗的分别焦虑。故选D。【37题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文中sheinventedadevicethatallowedpetownerstovideochatwiththeirpets(她独创了一种设备，让宠物主子可以和他们的宠物视频闲聊!)可知，iCPooch可以通过视频闲聊让宠物狗宁静下来。故选A。【38题详解】词义揣测题。依据下文AfterMartin’svideoputheramongthe10finalistsintheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScientistChallenge,shewaspairedwithDelonyLanger-Anderson,aproductdevelopmentscientistin3M’sconsumerhealthcaredivision.可知，她与科学家一起搭档，从而揣测mentor为“导师”之意。故选C。【39题详解】推理推断题。依据文章最终一段Theirprojectsincludeafuelcellthattransformscutgrassintoelectricityandanappthatrewardsdriversfornottextingorcalling.(他们的项目包括将割下的草转化为电能的燃料电池，以及一款嘉奖司机不发短信或不打电话的应用程序。)可知，决赛选手的独创共同点是它们是日常问题的可能解决方案。故选B。(B)ThisisWhataREALSilverDollarLooksLikeIfyoutrustintheyen,theeuro,andthedollarstopreading.BecausethisisastoryabouttheslivercoinEVERYBODYwants.Youreadtheheadlines.Youknowthattroubledeconomictimeshaveputglobalcurrencyonarollercoaster(过山车)ride.Butmillionshavefoundasmarterwaytobuildlong­termvaluewithhigh­gradecollectablesilver.Andrightnow,thosepeoplearelininguptosecuresomeofthelast2012U．S.MintSilverEagles,America'sNewestSilverEagleDollars.Today,youcangraduatetothefrontofthatline.BuynowandyoucanownthesebrilliantuncirculatedSilverDollarsforonly$38.95!YouCan'tAffordtoLoseWhyarewereleasing(发行)thissilverdollarforsucharemarkableprice?Becausewewanttointroduceyoutowhathundredsofthousandsofsmartcollectorsandsatisfiedcustomershaveknownsince1984—NewYorkMintistheplacetofindtheworld'sfinesthigh­gradecoins.That'swhywe'reofferingyouthisBrilliantUncirculated2012U．S.SilverEagleforaslittleas$37.45(pluss/h)．TimingisEverythingOuradvice?Keepthistoyourself.Becausethemorepeoplewhoknowaboutthisoffer,theworseitisforyou.DemandforSilverEaglesin2011brokerecords.Expertspredictthat2012SilverEaglesmaybreakthemalloveragain.Duetorapidchangesinthepriceofsilver,pricesmaybehigherorlowerandaresubjectto(受……影响)changewithoutnotice.Suppliesarelimited.CallimmediatelytoaddtheseSilverEaglestoyourholdingsbeforeit'stoolate.OfferLimitedto40perhousehold2012AmericanSilverEagleCoinYourcost1­4Coins$38.95each＋s/h5­9Coins$38.45each＋s/h10­19Coins$37.95each＋s/h20­40Coins$37.45each＋s/hNote：$10s/h(shippingandhandling)foreachpurchaseForfastestservice,calltoll­free24hoursaday1­888­201­7143OfferCode(代码)ASE177­04

Pleasementionthiscodewhenyoucall.

NewYorkMint14101SouthcrossDriveW．，Dept.ASE177­04Burnsville,Minnesota55337NewYorkMint40Whatisstressedinthead?A.Thecoinisofhighqualityandworthcollecting.B.Thecoincanbecirculatedasacurrency.C.Limitedsuppliesguaranteeastablepriceofthecoin.D.Demandforthecoinisboundtobreakrecords.41.Ifyoubuysix2012U．S.MintSilverEaglesbypost,youshouldpayatleast________.A.$230.7 B.$233.7 C.$240.7 D.$243.742.Theadstronglyencouragespeopletopurchasethesilvercoinsby________.A.shoppingonlineB.makingaphonecallC.liningupinfrontofthestoresD.writingtothecompany【答案】40.A41.C42.B【解析】这是一篇广告应用文。文章向读者举荐一种有保藏价值的银币。【40题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段第三句“Butmillionshavefoundasmarterwaytobuildlong-termvaluewithhigh-gradecollectablesilver.”。可知，成千上万的人已经发觉一种更加明智的做法，就是保藏高质量的有长效价值的银元。故选A。【41题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文中图片旁边的内容“5­9Coins$38.45”和图片下面的Note：$10s/h(shippingandhandling)foreachpurchase。可知，你应当付费：6×$38.45＋$10＝$240.7。故选C项。【42题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章最终部分方框上面的内容“Forfastestservice，calltoll-free24hoursaday”。可知，最快捷的方式便是打电话。故选B项。(C)Thedreamoftheflyingcarcouldcomedowntoearthsoonasseveralstart-upslikeChineseEHANGandUberaredevelopingso-called“passengerdrones(无人机)”—self-flyingdronesbigenoughtoferryindividualcommutersaroundtown—whichcouldshrinkcommute(上下班来回)timesfromhourstominutes.Atfirstglance,human-carryingdronessoundnomorerealisticthanflyingcars.Untilrecentlyinventorshadneverbeenabletomarryautomobilesandaircraftinapracticalway.Yetafewcompanieshavekeptatit:Woburn,forexample,hassince2006beendevelopingTransition,a“roadableaircraft”thatresemblesasmallairplanethatcanfolditswingsanddriveonroads.Apersonalflyingcarineverygaragehasprovedtobeatoughsell,however,asthereareserioussafetyconcernsaboutaskingtheaveragecommutertotrainforapilot’slicenseandtaketotheskies.Passengerdrones,bycontrast,wouldoperateautonomouslyandleavethe“roadable”partbehindinfavoroflargerversionsofaircraftthatalreadyexist.Passengerdronedesignsfavor“distributedelectricpropulsion(推动),”meaninginsteadofonelargerotorpoweredbyalargeenginetheyhavemultiplepropellerseachpoweredbyitsown,smallermotor.Thissacrificesliftingpowerandflightperformanceinexchangeformechanicalsimplicityandlighterweight—factorsthatcouldmakethemcheapertooperate.Quieterelectricpowerwouldmakethenoisetolerabletocityresidents,althoughitremainstobeseenhowmuchweightsuchavehiclecouldlift,andforhowlong.Withanyofthesevehicles,safetyisthebiggestconcernandextendstoboththeaircraftandtheautomatedsystemsflyingthem.Advancedartificialintelligenceisneededtoflylargenumbersofautonomousaircraftwithoutcrashingthemintooneanotheror,say,thelocalnewschannel’straffichelicopter.CarryingpeoplefrompointsAtoBseemssimpleenough,buteventhebestAIstruggleswithsurprises:What,forexample,wouldadronedoifalandingareasuddenlybecameunavailable?asksSanjivSingh,aCarnegieMellonUniversityroboticsresearcher.Insteadofleapingtofullyautomatedpassengerdrones,hesuggestsfirsttestingthenecessaryAIinunmannedcargo(货物)runs,andadoptinga“mixedmode”approachinearlypassengerserviceswherepilotsareassistedbyAIco-pilots.Technicalchallengesaside,start-upspromotingthetechnologywillhavetofindawaytoconvincethepublictogivetheirdrones