Unit5-Unit6-2023年中考英语一轮大单元复习（人教版）3

（八下）Unit5Unit62023年中考英语一轮大单元复习（人教版）一、听句子选答语1．A．Thankyou. B．I’msorrytohearthat. C．Noproblem.【答案】C【原文】Canyouhelpmedosomehousework?2．A．Iamhappywithit. B．Idon’thaveproblems. C．Icanaskmyteacherforhelp.【答案】C【原文】略3．A．Yes,sure. B．Don’tworry. C．Thankyou.【答案】A【原文】Couldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish?4．A．Goodidea. B．Sure,hereyouare. C．Thankyou.【答案】B【原文】略5．A．Iagree. B．Yes,youcan. C．Noproblem.【答案】C【原文】略二、听长对话选答案听对话，回答以下各小题。6．WhatwasMikedoingat8thismorning?A．Hewasshoppinginthesupermarket. B．Hewasshoppingonline. C．Hewaswaitingforaphonecall.7．WhatdoesLindathinkofshoppingonline?A．It’sawasteofmoney. B．It’sfastandeasy. C．Shewillhaveatrynexttime.【答案】6．A

7．B【原文】W:Hello,Linda.W:Hi,Mike.Icalledyouat8:00thismorning.Buttherewasnoanswer.M:Iwasshoppinginthesupermarketatthattime.W:Didyoubuyanything?M:Yes,Iboughtapairofsportsshoes.W:Howlongdidittakeyou?M:Ittookmethewholemorning.Itiscrowdedinthesupermarket.W:Whydon’tyoushoponline?It’sfastandeasy.Itcanalsosavealotofmoney.M:I’lltrythatnexttime听对话，回答以下各小题。8．WhichisthebestmonthtovisitQingdao?A．June. B．August. C．October.9．HowwillthewomangotoQingdao?A．Bytrain. B．Bybus. C．Byair.10．Whatdoesn’tthecostinclude?A．Themeals. B．Thehotelservice. C．Theparktickets.【答案】8．B

9．A

10．C【原文】略三、听短文选答案听短文，完成以下各小题。11．Whendidthestoryhappen?A．Onawinterafternoon. B．Onanautumnmorning. C．Onawintermorning.12．Whosehousedidthelittlemousegointo?A．Thelittlemouse’sfriend’s. B．Thelittlemouse’s. C．Thesnake’s.13．Whatwerethesnakesdoing?A．Theyweresleeping. B．Theywerecatchingmice. C．Theywereeating.14．Howdidthelittlemousefeelwhenhesawthesnakes?A．Hefeltsleepy. B．Hefeltafraid. C．Hefeltexcited.15．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Snakesnevereatmice. B．Snakesusuallysleepinwinter. C．Miceliketolivenexttosnakes.【答案】11．A

12．C

13．A

14．B

15．B【原文】Onewinterafternoon,alittlemousewentoutforawalk.Suddenlythelittlemousesawahole.Hethoughtitmustbehisfriend’s.Sohewentintoit.Tohissurprise,itwasn’tamouse’shouse,butasnake’s.Somesnakesweresleepingthere.Whentheysawthelittlemouse,theydidn’twanttocatchhim.Theyjustwentonsleeping.Thelittlemousewasafraidandranaway.Afterhegothome,hetoldhismotherwhathappenedjustnow.Hismothersaid,“Don’tbeafraid.Snakesaredangerous,buttheycan’tcatchyounow.It’stimefortheirwintersleep.Duringthewintersleep,snakesnevermove.”四、单项选择16．Theboy________ahorsewhentheteacher________in.A．wasdrawing,came B．draw,came C．drew,wasing D．wasdrawing,wasing【答案】A【详解】句意：老师进来时，男孩正在画一匹马。考查过去进行时。when引导的时间状语从句，主句一般用过去进行时，从句一般用一般过去时。故选A。17．MrGreenthoughtitwouldstop________thisafternoon,butitseemedtobeeven________.A．torain;moreheavily B．raining;heavier C．torain;heavier D．raining;moreheavily【答案】B【详解】句意：格林先生原以为今天下午雨会停的，但雨似乎更大了。考查非谓语动词以及比较级。stoptodosth停止做某事；stopdoingsth停止正在做的事情。根据“MrGreenthoughtitwouldstop…thisafternoon”可知，此处指停止下雨，用动名词作宾语。be后接形容词heavy作表语，even修饰比较级，故选B。18．—SuYimingwonthefirstprizeintheBeijing2022WinterOlympicGames.—Really?It’shardto________a17yearoldboycanplaysnowboardingsowell.A．guess B．realize C．imagine D．explain【答案】C【详解】句意：——苏翊鸣在北京2022年冬奥会上获得第一名。——真的吗？很难想象一个17岁的男孩能把滑雪板玩得这么好。考查动词辨析。guess猜测；realize意识到；imagine想象；explain解释。根据“It’shardto…a17yearoldboycanplaysnowboardingsowell”可知，很难想象他这么年轻却能把滑雪板玩得这么好，故选C。19．—Doeshe________hisfather?—No,helookssimilartohismother.A．takeoff B．takeafter C．lookafter D．takedown【答案】B【详解】句意：——他像他父亲吗？——不，他看起来和他母亲很像。考查动词短语辨析。takeoff脱掉，起飞；takeafter与……相像；lookafter照顾；takedown记下，写下。根据“No,helookssimilartohismother.”可知，对话是在谈论他看起来像谁，因此“takeafter”符合语境。故选B。20．Itwas________freezingoutside________wedecidedtostayathomeallday.A．so;that B．such;that C．too;to D．enough;to【答案】A【详解】句意：外面太冷了以致于我们决定整天呆在家里。考查状语从句。so...that...太……以致于，so后面接形容词或副词，that后接句子；such...that...太……以致于，such后接名词或名词短语，that后接句子；too...to...太……而不能，too后接形容词，to后接动词原形；enough...to足够……来。根据“freezing”和“wedecidedtostayathomeallday”可知，此处表示外面太冷了以致于我们决定整天呆在家里，第一个空格后为形容词，第二个空格后为句子，故应用so...that。故选A。21．Withthehelpof________nation,peopleinWenchuanarerebuildingtheirhomesnowandtheyarereturningtonormallife.A．allthe B．whole C．thewhole D．theall【答案】C【详解】句意：在全国人民的帮助下，汶川人民正在重建家园，恢复正常生活。考查all与whole的区别。all“所有的”，指构成某物的各个部分，限定词要放在all后面；whole“全部的”，强调某个事物整个，限定词要放在whole前面。根据“Withthehelpof...nation”可知，此处指整个国家，应用whole，且限定词the要放在whole前面。故选C。22．YuanLongpingis________ascientistthatheiswellknownaroundtheworld.A．suchexcellent B．veryexcellent C．soexcellent D．tooexcellent【答案】C【详解】句意：袁隆平是一位优秀的科学家以至于他在世界各地都很有名。考查结果状语从句。本题考查的核心结构是“如此……以至于”，英语句型分别是：so+adj./adv.+that从句；such+名词性短语+that从句。当名词性短语中的形容词被提前后，可以使用so+adj.+a/an+名词+that从句。因此空格处内容应该是：soexcellentascientist＝suchanexcellentscientist；故选C。23．ThemovieHiMomwas________touching________manypeoplecried.A．such;that B．so;that C．too;to D．enough;to【答案】B【详解】句意：电影《你好，李焕英》太感人了，以至于很多人都哭了。考查连词辨析。such…that结构中，such是形容词，修饰名词或名词短语；so…that…：引导结果状语从句时，表示“如此……以至于……”，so是副词，后面可以接形容词或副词；too…to…：太……而不能……，to后跟动词原形；enough…to…：足够……。本题是复合句，因此排除C/D；而空后的touching是形容词，用so修饰。故选B。24．—Whydidn’tyouwritedownwhattheteachersaid?—Becauseshespoke________fast________Icouldn’tfollowher.A．too;to B．very;that C．enough;to D．so;that【答案】D【详解】句意：——你为什么不把老师说的写下来？——因为她说得太快，我跟不上她。考查连词辨析。too…to太……而不能……，后接不定式；very…that无此用法；enough…to无此用法；so…that如此……以致于……，后接从句。空格后“Icouldn’tfollowher.”是一完整的句子，故用so…that引导结果状语从句。故选D。25．_____thattheyhaven’tknownthenews.A．Itseems B．Itseemed C．Theyseem D．Theyseemed【答案】A【详解】试题分析:句意:似乎他们还不知道消息。itseemsthat似乎……后接宾语从句，固定句型。宾语从句为现在完成时，主句不可能是一般过去时，故答案选A.考点：考查固定句型。五、完形填空Therewasonceafarmer.Hehadaverybigrabbitandasmartdog.Oneday,heorganizeda(n)___26___betweenhisdogandhisrabbit.Hemadeaholeinoneofhisbiggestfields,and___27___acarrotandabone(骨头)init.Hewantedtoseewhichanimalwouldfindthemfirst.

Therabbitwasvery___28___andhewasbusylookingforthecarrot,digginghereandthere.Hewaspletelysurethathewouldfindthecarrotandthebone.___29___thedogwasn’toptimistic(乐观的)atall.Afterhelookedfortheboneforashorttime,he___30___onthegroundsadly.Andthenhebegantoplain.Hethoughtitwas___31___forhimtofindoneboneinsuchabigfield.

The___32___dugforhours.Witheverynewhole,thedogplainedabouthowdifficultthiswas,evenfortherabbit.Therabbit,ontheotherhand,keptonworkinghard.Whentherewasnoplaceinthewholefieldlefttodig,therabbitdugatunnel(隧道)torightunderwherethedogwaslyingallthattime.Therehefoundthe___33___.

Andthisishowthedoglostthepetition.___34___,hefoundtherightplaceattheverybeginning.Buthefailedtofindthebonebecausehe____35____plainedanddidn’ttryatall.Whenwedosomethingdifficultinourlife,weshouldlearnfromtherabbit.26．A．event B．party C．activity D．petition27．A．found B．placed C．discovered D．saw28．A．excited B．angry C．relaxed D．shy29．A．And B．But C．So D．Or30．A．satdown B．fellasleep C．laydown D．ranaround31．A．boring B．exciting C．easy D．difficult32．A．rabbit B．dog C．farmer D．man33．A．carrot B．bone C．carrotandthebone D．field34．A．Intotal B．Atlast C．Infact D．Atfirst35．A．only B．never C．seldom D．sometimes【答案】26．D

27．B

28．A

29．B

30．C

31．D

32．A

33．C

34．C

35．A【导语】本文讲述了一只狗和一只兔子比赛找骨头和胡萝卜的故事，狗起初就发现了正确的地方，但是它只有抱怨而不去尝试，最后让勤劳的兔子得胜了。这个故事告诉我们，当我们在生活中遇到困难的事情时，要向勤劳的兔子学习。26．句意：一天，他组织了一场狗和兔子的比赛。event事件；party派对；activity活动；petition比赛，根据“Hewantedtoseewhichanimalwouldfindthemfirst.”可知，这位农民举办了一场比赛。故选D。27．句意：他在他最大的一块田里挖了一个洞，在里面放了一根胡萝卜和一根骨头。found发现；placed放置；discovered发现；saw看见。根据“acarrotandabone(骨头)init.”可知，是在洞里放置了胡萝卜和骨头。故选B。28．句意：兔子非常兴奋，他忙着寻找胡萝卜，到处挖。excited兴奋的；angry生气的；relaxed放松的；shy害羞的。根据“hewasbusylookingforthecarrot,”可知，这只兔子知道洞里有胡萝卜，所以很兴奋地到处找胡萝卜。故选A。29．句意：但这只狗一点也不乐观。And而且；But但是；So所以；Or或者。分析句子结构可知，前后句之间是转折关系，因此用but连接。故选B。30．句意：他找了一会儿骨头后，伤心地躺在地上。satdown坐下；fellasleep入睡；laydown躺下；ranaround到处跑。根据“wherethedogwaslyingallthattime.”可知，这只狗是躺在地上的。故选C。31．句意：他认为他很难在这么大的场地上找到一块骨头。boring无聊的；exciting激动人心的；easy容易的；difficult困难的。根据“forhimtofindoneboneinsuchabigfield.”可知，狗认为在这么大的场地上找到一块骨头是困难的。故选D。32．句意：兔子挖了几个小时。rabbit兔子；dog狗；farmer农民；man男人。根据“Therabbit,ontheotherhand,keptonworkinghard.”可知，是兔子挖了几个小时。故选A。33．句意：他在那里找到了胡萝卜和骨头。carrot胡萝卜；bone骨头；carrotandthebone胡萝卜和骨头；field牧场。根据“acarrotandabone(骨头)init.”可知，兔子找的是胡萝卜和骨头。故选C。34．句意：事实上，他一开始就找到了正确的地方。Intotal总计；Atlast最终；Infact事实上；Atfirst起初。根据“hefoundtherightplaceattheverybeginning.”可知，事实上，这只狗在开始就发现了正确的地方。故选C。35．句意：但他没能找到骨头，因为他只是抱怨，根本没有努力。only只有；never从不；seldom很少；sometimes有时。根据“didn’ttryatall.”及全文的内容可知，狗只有抱怨，根本没有努力。故选A。六、阅读单选AYearsagoinScotland,theClarkfamilyhadadream.Mr.Clarkandhiswifeworkedandsaved,makingplansfortheirninechildrenandthemselvestotraveltotheUnitedStates.Ithadtakenyears,buttheyhadfinallysavedenoughmoneyandhadreceivedpassportsandticketsforthewholefamilytotravelonanewshipgoingtotheUnitedStates.Theentirefamilywasfilledwithexcitementabouttheirnewlife.However,sevendaysbeforetheirdeparture(出发),theyoungestsonwasbittenbyadog.Thedoctorsewedup(缝合)theboy,butbecauseofthepossibilityofrabies(狂犬病)hewasnotallowedtoleavethehouseforfourteendays.Thefamily’sdreamwasdashed.TheywouldnotbeabletomakethetriptoAmericaastheyhadplanned.Thefather,filledwithdisappointmentandanger,stomped(跺脚)tothedocktowatchtheshipleavewithouttheClarkfamily.ThefathershedtearsofdisappointmentandcursedbothhissonandGodfortheirmisfortune(厄运).Fivedayslater,tragicnewsspreadthroughoutScotland.ThemightyTitanichadsunk.Theunsinkableshiphadsunk(下沉),takinghundredsofliveswithit.TheClarkfamilywastohavebeenonthatshipbut,becausethesonhadbeenbittenbyadog,theywereleftbehindinScotland.WhenMr.Clarkheardthenews,hehuggedhissonandthankedhimforsavingthefamily.HethankedGodforsavingtheirlivesandturningwhathehadfeltwasatragedy(灾难)intoablessing.Althoughwemaynotalwaysunderstand,allthingshappenforareason.36．WhatisthedreamoftheClarks?A．Toworkandsavemoneyfortheirninechildren.B．TomakeplansfortheirchildrenintheUnitedStates.C．TogoonatriptotheUnitedStatesbyship.D．Toreceivepassportsandticketstotravelaroundtheworld.37．Whydidn’ttheClarkfamilymakethetrip?A．Becauseanaccidentstoppedthemfromdeparting.B．Becausetheoldestsonwasbittenbyadog.C．Becausetheyranoutoftheirtimetocatchtheship.D．Becausetheirsonscouldn’tleavethehousefor14days.38．Wecaninferthefatherwasprobably________seeingtheshipleave.A．sorryandfrustrated B．disappointedandawkward(令人尴尬的)C．angryandexcited D．happyandlucky39．WhathappenedtotheshipthattheClarkfamilymissed?A．Itdepartedfivedayslaterthanplanned. B．Itsankandhundredsofliveswerelost.C．IttookhundredsofpassengerstoNewYork. D．Ithadoneoftheirsonsbittenbyadog.40．Whatmaythewriterwanttotellusaccordingtothepassage?A．Don’tjudgebytheappearance. B．Wholaughsthelastlaughsthebest.C．Misfortunemightbeablessingindisguise(伪装). D．Nevergetonasunkship.【答案】36．C

37．A

38．A

39．B

40．C【导语】本文讲了克拉克一家有一个去美国旅行的梦想，当他们快实现梦想的时候，发生了意外，最后坏事变成了一件好事。36．细节理解题。根据“Mr.Clarkandhiswifeworkedandsaved,makingplansfortheirninechildrenandthemselvestotraveltotheUnitedStates.Ithadtakenyears,buttheyhadfinallysavedenoughmoneyandhadreceivedpassportsandticketsforthewholefamilytotravelonanewshipgoingtotheUnitedStates.”可知，克拉克一家想乘船去美国旅行，故选C。37．细节理解题。根据“However,sevendaysbeforetheirdeparture,theyoungestsonwasbittenbyadog.Thedoctorseweduptheboy,butbecauseofthepossibilityofrabieshewasnotallowedtoleavethehouseforfourteendays.”可知，在他们出发的前七天，最小的儿子被狗咬伤了，医生给男孩缝好了伤口，但因为他很可能得狂犬病，所以在14天内不准他离开家。故选A。38．细节理解题。根据“Thefather,filledwithdisappointmentandanger,stompedtothedocktowatchtheshipleavewithouttheClarkfamily.Thefathershedtearsofdisappointment”可知，看着船离开，父亲很失望、很愤怒，故选A。39．细节理解题。根据“Fivedayslater,tragicnewsspreadthroughoutScotland.ThemightyTitanichadsunk.Theunsinkableshiphadsunk,takinghundredsofliveswithit.”可知，泰坦尼克号沉没了，带走了数百条生命。故选B。40．推理判断题。作者通过克拉克一家的故事告诉我们有时候坏事也可能是好事，选项C“塞翁失马，焉知非福”符合主题，故选C。BAmywaslookingforagiftforherlittledaughter.Suddenlyshestoppedbeforeastoreofdolls（洋娃娃）.“Girlslikedolls,”shethoughtasshewentintoit.Lookingaround,shesawagrandmadollwithgrayhairandapairofglasses.Inhermindappeared（出现）Joyce,hermother.WhenAmywasalittlegirl,shegotherfirstdollfromJoyceforherbirthday.Thenthesecond,thethird...Adollayearneverarrivedlate.“Whyalwaysadoll?”ThisquestionhadbeeninAmy’sminduntilherfathergavetheansweroneday.LittleJoycedreamedtohaveadoll.Herparentspromised（承诺）oneforherfifthbirthday.Sadly,theybothdiedinatrafficaccident（交通事故）beforeitarrived.Theneverreceivedgiftwasthemostprecious（珍贵的）inhereyes.Hermother’sstorybeingrecalled（回想起）,Amygotanidea.ItwasJoyce’sbirthday.Amysentapackage（包裹）toherwithacardthatread:DearJoyce,IforgottosendyouthepackagethatyoushouldhavereceivedonMay20,1956,yourfifthbirthday.Thegiftinsidehasturnedold,butIfeltthatyoumightstillwishtohaveit.Love,AngelofJoyJoyceopenedthepackageandsawalovelygrandmadoll.Sheclasped（抱紧）thedollthatshehadwaitedforsomanyyears,cryingsoftly.Thedoll,givenby“AngelofJoy”,madeherthehappiest“child”intheworld.41．What’sthetheme（主题）ofthestory?A．Love. B．Hope. C．Toys. D．Friends.42．Puttheeventsinthecorrecttimeorder（把事件按正确的时间顺序排列）.a.Joycegotadollonherbirthday.

b.Joycewantedtohaveadoll.c.JoyceboughtthefirstdollforAmy.

d.Joycelostbothherfatherandmother.A．abcd B．badc C．acdb D．bdca43．Whatdoesthegrandmadolllooklike?A．Scarywithgrayhair. B．Beautifulwithlonghair.C．Lovelywithapairofglasses. D．Cutewithwhitehair.44．Whowas“AngelofJoy”?A．Amy. B．Amy’sdaughter. C．Amy’smother. D．Amy’sfather.45．Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A．Amythinksgirlslikedolls. B．Parentssometimesneedcare.C．Noonecantaketheplaceofparents. D．Dollsarealwaysthebestbirthdaypresent.【答案】41．A

42．D

43．C

44．A

45．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是一个迟到的生日礼物。艾米在给自己女儿买礼物的时候，想到了自己的妈妈。她的妈妈总是送给她洋娃娃当礼物，开始她并不明白这是为什么。后来她知道了，原来她的妈妈小时候一直想得到一个洋娃娃礼物，但是始终没有得到。最后在妈妈生日时，艾米给她的妈妈买了一个洋娃娃礼物。41．主旨大意题。通读全文并根据“Sheclasped（抱紧）thedollthatshehadwaitedforsomanyyears,cryingsoftly.Thedoll,givenby‘AngelofJoy’,madeherthehappiest‘child’intheworld”和“Love,AngelofJoy”可知，文章主要讲述了艾米为自己母亲买了一个洋娃娃作为迟到的生日礼物，母亲很开心的故事，故文章的主题是爱。故选A。42．篇章结构题。根据“LittleJoycedreamedtohaveadoll”和“Sadly,theybothdiedinatrafficaccident（交通事故）beforeitarrived.Theneverreceivedgiftwasthemostprecious（珍贵的）inhereyes”可知，小乔伊斯梦想着拥有一个洋娃娃，但后来她的父母车祸去世了，故这份没有收到的礼物是最珍贵的。根据“WhenAmywasalittlegirl,shegotherfirstdollfromJoyceforherbirthday”于是，在乔伊斯有女儿之后，她女儿的第一个洋娃娃是乔伊斯送给她的生日礼物。由“ItwasJoyce’sbirthday”和“Thegiftinsidehasturnedold,butIfellthatyoumightstillwishtohaveit”可知，在乔伊斯的女儿艾米知道母亲的故事后，她在乔伊斯生日那天，送给了她一个洋娃娃。故正确的语序是bdca。故选D。43．细节理解题。根据第一段“shesawagrandmadollwithgrayhairandapairofglasses”和最后一段“Joyceopenedthepackageandsawalovelygrandmadoll”可知，这个洋娃娃灰色头发、戴着一副眼镜，并且很可爱。故选C。44．推理判断题。根据“Amysentapackage（包裹）toher”和“Thedoll,givenby‘AngelofJoy’”可知，这个洋娃娃是艾米送的，故艾米就是这个“快乐天使”。故选A。45．细节理解题。根据第一段“‘Girlslikedolls,’shethoughtasshewentintoit”可知，艾米认为女孩子都喜欢洋娃娃。选项A“艾米认为女孩喜欢洋娃娃”与原文相符。故选A。七、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。

DoyouknowaboutConfucius?Confuciusis____46____(great)teacherinChinesehistory.HisbirthdaywasonSeptember28.Althoughhe____47____(live)over2,000yearsago,peoplestillrememberandrespecthimforhiscontributiontotheeducationtoday.

ConfuciuslivedintheKingdomofLuinShandongProvince.HelivedduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod.Hehad____48____hardchildhood.Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasonly3.Hismotherbroughthimup.Asachild,hehadtowork____49____(help)hismother,butyoungConfuciusdidn’tgiveup____50____(study).Hevisitedmanyfamousteachersandlearntmusic,history,poetryandsports.Later,hebecameateacherandstartedthe____51____(one)publicschoolinChinesehistory.Atthattime,onlychildrenfromnoble(贵族的)familiescouldgotoschool,butConfuciusbelievedeveryoneshouldgotoschool____52____theywantedtolearn.Hehadabout3,000____53____(student)inhislife.Today,peoplestillfollowConfucius’lessons.Hetoldusthatweallhavesomethingworthytobelearnt.“WhenIamwiththreepeople,oneofthemmustbebetter____54____meinsomeareas.Ichoosetheirgoodqualitiesandfollowthem.”Healsotaught_____55_____(we)thatthinkingisveryimportantinstudy.“Allstudybutnothinkingmakespeoplepuzzled.Allthinkingbutnostudymakespeoplelazy.”【答案】thegreatest

47．lived

48．a

49．tohelp

50．studying

51．first

52．if

53．students

54．than

55．us【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我国古代伟大的教育家孔子。46．句意：孔子是中国历史上最伟大的老师。根据空格后比较范围“inChinesehistory”可知使用最高级，形容词最高级前用the，great的最高级是greatest。故填thegreatest。47．句意：尽管他生活在2000多年前，但人们仍然记得并尊重他对当今教育的贡献。根据时间状语“over2,000yearsago”可知此句时态为一般过去时，live“生活，居住”的过去式是lived。故填lived。48．句意：他有一个艰苦的童年。根据“hard”是辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，haveahardchildhood“童年生活很艰苦”，故填a。49．句意：小时候，他不得不工作来帮助母亲，但年轻的孔子并没有放弃学习。此句谓语是“hadtowork”，后面再跟动词一般使用动词不定式，此句是动词不定式作目的状语。故填tohelp。50．句意：小时候，他不得不工作来帮助母亲，但年轻的孔子并没有放弃学习。giveupdoingsth.“放弃做某事”，giveup“放弃，认输”，及物动词，后面跟动名词作宾语，study“学习”，动名词是stu