湖北省百校大联考2025届高三上学期10月考试英语试题 含解析

高三英语考试注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whenwillthespeakersgoaway?A.Thisafternoon.B.Thisweekend.C.Nextweekend.2.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Buyanewcar.B.Havethecarrepaired.C.Sellthecartohim.3.Whatwastheman'spreviousweight?A.113pounds.B.120pounds.C.137pounds.4.Whydoesthewomancometothecoffeeshop?A.Tomeetherfriend.B.Tohaveacupofcoffee.C.Totakeshelterfromtherain.5Howmanytimeshasthemanstayedatthehotelbeforethisvisit?A.Once.B.Twice.C.Threetimes.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howdoesthemangohomefromthestore?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bycar.7.Whydoesthemanbuysomuchfood?A.Heisonholiday.B.Hewillhostabirthdayparty.C.HewillholdawelcomedinnerforDaniel.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whenwasthelasttimethespeakerssaweachother?A.LastDecember.B.ThisFebruary.C.Threemonthsago.9.WheredidthemanworkinJanuary?A.Inthefoodcompany.B.IntheNationalBank.C.Atauniversity.10.Whoisinthesecondgrade?A.Billy.B.Tom.C.Jane.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onatrain.B.Nearabusstop.C.Inadepartmentstore.12.Whatdidthemando?A.Hehurtthewoman.B.Heknockedthebagstotheground.C.Hehelpedthewomancarrythebags.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Catchthebus.B.Stoptopickupbags.C.Sendthewomantothehospital.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Waitingforherflight.B.LookingforPamela.C.Seeingthemanoff.15.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Goodfriends.B.Husbandandwife.C.Colleagues.16.WhatwillthemandoinBeijing?A.Spendaholiday.B.Startanewbusiness.C.Meetanewcustomer.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howlongwillthewrittenexamlast?A.Threehoursandahalf.B.Twohoursandahalf.C.Onehourandahalf.18.Whenisthedeadlineofprintingtheadmissionticket?A.April7.B.April13.C.April15.19.Whatshouldthestudentstakefortheexam?A.IDcardsandforms.B.Studentcardsandforms.C.IDcardsandadmissiontickets.20.Whichisthebesttransporttogototheuniversity?A.Asubway.B.Ataxi.C.Abike.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATakePartintheCrossBayWalkJointhePendlesideHospiceCrossBayWalkinMorecambe,andmakeadifferencetothelivesofthoseinneedinPendlesideHospice,whichexiststopromoteandenhancethequalityoflifeforpeoplewithlife-limitingillnesses.TheRegistrationFeeParticipateinthisremarkableeventforjust£15foradultsand£10forchildren.YourregistrationincludesaT-shirtforadultsandchildren.TheSpecificArrangementGatheryourlovedones,orventureoutsolo—everyoneiswelcome.Thewalkkicksoffat10:30am,butpleasegatheratthestartingpointat9:30am.TheroutestretchesfromArnsidetoKent’sBankrailwaystation,coveringapproximately8milesofdiverseterrain(地形).Adultsshouldbereadytoassistchildrenandpetsoverchallengingsectionsanddeeperwaters.Remembertoarrangeyourreturntransportationfromthewalk’sendpoint.StartFundraisingImmediatelyOnceregistered,it’stimetostartfundraising.Whileyourregistrationfeehelpscovereventcosts,anyextradonationsdirectlyenhancethehospice’sabilitytoprovideessentialcare.Weencourageeachfamilytoaimforaminimumof£100inadditionalsponsorship.Asponsorshippackwillbeprovidedtoaidyourfundraisingefforts,andsettingupanInternetfundraisingpagecanbeafantasticwaytocollectdonations.ThisuniquewalkingexperiencenotonlychallengesyouphysicallybutalsooffersachancetocontributemeaningfullytothePendlesideHospice.Laceupyourwalkingshoes,inspireyourcommunity,andmakeeverystepcounttowardsanoblecause.1.WhatistheCrossBayWalk?A.Acharityevent. B.Apromotionservice,C.Awalkingcompetition. D.Afamilygathering.2.Whenshouldtheparticipantsmeetatthedeparturepoint?A.At8:00am. B.At9:00am.C.At9:30am. D.At10:30am.3.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Toattractmoreparticipants. B.Toshowthebenefitsofwalking.C.Tointroducemorearrangements. D.Totellreadersanemailaddress.【答案】1.A2.C3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了PendlesideHospiceCrossBayWalk这一活动，该活动旨在为生命有限的人提高生活质量，并鼓励人们参与慈善步行，为医院筹集善款。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“JointhePendlesideHospiceCrossBayWalkinMorecambe,andmakeadifferencetothelivesofthoseinneedinPendlesideHospice,whichexiststopromoteandenhancethequalityoflifeforpeoplewithlife-limitingillnesses.(加入位于Morecambe的PendlesideHospiceCrossBayWalk，为PendlesideHospice中需要帮助的人们的生活带来改变，该医院旨在促进和提高生命有限的人们的生活质量)”和倒数第二段中“Asponsorshippackwillbeprovidedtoaidyourfundraisingefforts,andsettingupanInternetfundraisingpagecanbeafantasticwaytocollectdonations.(我们会提供一个赞助包来帮助你筹款，建立一个互联网筹款页面也是一个收集捐款的好方法)”可知，CrossBayWalk是一个慈善活动，旨在为生命有限的人筹集善款，提高他们的生活质量。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TheSpecificArrangement部分中“Thewalkkicksoffat10:30am,butpleasegatheratthestartingpointat9:30am.(步行活动于上午10:30开始，但请于上午9:30在起点集合)”可知，参与者应该在上午9:30在出发点集合。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ThisuniquewalkingexperiencenotonlychallengesyouphysicallybutalsooffersachancetocontributemeaningfullytothePendlesideHospice.Laceupyourwalkingshoes,inspireyourcommunity,andmakeeverystepcounttowardsanoblecause.(这次独特的步行体验不仅对你的身体构成挑战，而且还为你提供了一个为PendlesideHospice做出有意义贡献的机会。穿上你的步行鞋，激励你的社区，让每一步都为一个崇高的事业做出贡献)”可知，最后一段的目的是鼓励更多的人参与这个慈善步行活动，为医院筹集善款。故选A项。BThreeyearsago,SatherGowdy,astudentatGonzagaUniversity,wentthroughabreak-up.Thentwoofhisclosefriendspassedaway.SoSatherwithdrew,avoidinggoingout.EverythingchangedonedayasSatherwasreturninghomefromclass.Anelderlywoman,standingbyheropentrunkfullofgroceries,askedhimtohelpher.Hehelpedhergettheminside.“Walkinghome,Irealizedmyheartfeelinglighterforthefirsttimeinweeks,”Sathersays.Hemadeadecisionnottoclosehimselfoff,butperformkindnesseverydayforhiscommunity.Satherstartssmall.Heoncenoticedhisneighbor’sfencewasdamagedandwantedtofixit,buthedidn’tknowhow.“Lackofknowledgedidn’tstopme!”hesays.“Ilearnedonline,boughtahammerandsomenails,andrepairedit.”Asthemovementhasgrown,sohaveSather’sresponsibilities.Hededicatesseveralhourseachdaytofindingwaystoserveothers—cleaningupthecommunityorassistingelderlyneighborswithyardworkandothertasks.“Servingothersisn’talwaysfun,”Sathersays.“It’shardworktoremaincommittedtospreadingkindnessthroughservingothers.Butevenonthetoughestdays,seeingthesmilesonmyneighbors’facesmakesitworthwhile.”“Thinkofsomethingthateveryonecomplainsaboutandthengodoit,”Satherrecommends.Analleynearhishouse,forexample,wasconstantlyfilledwithtrash.Neighborstalkedabouthowmuchtheyhatedit,yetnoonedidanythingaboutit.Satherspentseveralhoursdailyfortwoweekscleaningit.“WhenIwasdone,Isawincreasedjoyandprideinourneighborhood,”Sathersays.Sevenmonthslater,thealleyisstillclean.Satheroftenseesneighborscheckingonit,pickinguplingeringgarbageorcuttingbackweeds.“Startsmall.You’llbeamazedatyourimpact,”saysSather.4.WhatpulledSatheroutofthestateofbeingseparate?A.Thepositiveimpactoftheclassonhim. B.Theelderlylady’spracticalsuggestions.C.Thetimelykindnessfromthecommunity. D.Thesenseofachievementfrombeinghelpful.5.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.HowSatherfeltabouthisbehaviour. B.HowSatherhelpsthecommunity.C.WhySatherfindswaystoserveothers. D.WhatSatherneededtofixhisneighbor’sfence.6.WhatcanwelearnfromSather’sstory?A.Doinggoodstartswithourselves. B.Worktogethertohelptheelderly.C.Beingproudhelpstoserveothers. D.Helpotherstomakethemstronger.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Hissearchforthesimplestjoy B.Hispursuitofthecommunity’shappinessC.Hehealedhispainwithactsofkindness D.Hechangedthecommunitywithhisefforts【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Sather在经历个人困境后，决定通过为社区做好事来改变自己的心态和生活，进而产生了积极的社会影响这一故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Threeyearsago,SatherGowdy,astudentatGonzagaUniversity,wentthroughabreak-up.Thentwoofhisclosefriendspassedaway.SoSatherwithdrew,avoidinggoingout.(三年前，冈萨加大学的学生SatherGowdy经历了分手。随后，他的两位密友也相继离世。因此，Sather变得封闭起来，避免外出。)”第二段“EverythingchangedonedayasSatherwasreturninghomefromclass.Anelderlywoman,standingbyheropentrunkfullofgroceries,askedhimtohelpher.Hehelpedhergettheminside.“Walkinghome,Irealizedmyheartfeelinglighterforthefirsttimeinweeks,”Sathersays.Hemadeadecisionnottoclosehimselfoff,butperformkindnesseverydayforhiscommunity.(一天，当Sather下课回家时，一切发生了改变。一位老妇人站在她装满杂货的后备箱旁，请求他帮忙。他帮她把东西搬进了屋里。“走在回家的路上，我意识到我的心情几周以来第一次变得轻松了，”Sather说。他决定不再封闭自己，而是每天为社区做好事。)”可知，Sather在经历分手和密友离世后变得封闭，但有一天他帮助了一位老妇人搬运杂货，这次经历让他心情变得轻松，并决定不再封闭自己，而是每天为社区做好事。因此，是帮助他人这一行为带来的正面情感和成就感让他摆脱了封闭的状态。故选D。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Satherstartssmall.Heoncenoticedhisneighbor’sfencewasdamagedandwantedtofixit,buthedidn’tknowhow.“Lackofknowledgedidn’tstopme!”hesays.“Ilearnedonline,boughtahammerandsomenails,andrepairedit.”Asthemovementhasgrown,sohaveSather’sresponsibilities.Hededicatesseveralhourseachdaytofindingwaystoserveothers—cleaningupthecommunityorassistingelderlyneighborswithyardworkandothertasks.(Sather从小事做起。有一次，他注意到邻居的篱笆坏了，想把它修好，但不知道该怎么做。“知识的缺乏并没有阻止我！”他说，“我在网上学习，买了锤子和钉子，然后把它修好了。”随着这项行动的发展，Sather的责任也越来越大。他每天花费数小时寻找服务他人的方法——清理社区或帮助老年邻居做园艺和其他工作。)”可知，第三段主要讲述了Sather如何帮助社区，如清理社区或帮助老年邻居做园艺和其他工作。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要讲述了Sather经历了个人困境后，通过为社区做好事来改变自己的心态和生活。他从小事做起，如修理邻居的篱笆，逐渐发展到每天花费数小时寻找服务他人的方法。这个过程表明，Sather的善行是从他自身开始的，他通过自己的行动影响了社区，带来了正面的变化。选项A“Doinggoodstartswithourselves.(做好事从我们自己开始)”与Sather的故事相符，他通过自己的努力和行动，从小事做起，逐渐产生了更大的影响。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Threeyearsago,SatherGowdy,astudentatGonzagaUniversity,wentthroughabreak-up.Thentwoofhisclosefriendspassedaway.SoSatherwithdrew,avoidinggoingout.(三年前，冈萨加大学的学生SatherGowdy经历了分手。随后，他的两位密友也相继离世。因此，Sather变得封闭起来，避免外出。)”第二段“EverythingchangedonedayasSatherwasreturninghomefromclass.(一天，当Sather下课回家时，一切发生了改变。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Sather在经历个人困境后，通过为社区做好事来改变自己的心态和生活，从而逐渐走出伤痛的故事。选项C“Hehealedhispainwithactsofkindness(他用善行治愈了伤痛)”准确地捕捉到了文章的核心内容，即Sather通过为社区做好事来治愈自己因个人困境而产生的伤痛。故选C。CAstudyledbyUCRiverside(UCR)atmosphericscientistspredictsthatuncheckedcarbonemissions(排放物)willforcetropicalrainstoshiftnorthwardinthecomingdecades,whichwouldprofoundlyimpacttheregionsneartheEarth'sequator.Thenorthwardrainshiftiscausedbycomplexatmosphericchanges.Thesechangesaredrivenbycarbonemissions,whichinturninfluencetheformationoftropicalconvergence(汇集)zones.Thosezonesareessentiallyatmosphericenginesthatdriveaboutathirdoftheworld’srainfall,whichAntonyP.Thomas,aprofessorofclimatechangeandsustainabilityatUCRreportedinapaperpublishedinthejournalNatureClimateChange.Tropicalregionsoneithersidetheequator,suchascentralAfricannations,northernSouthAmerica,andPacificislandstateswouldbethemostaffected.Majorcropsintheseregionsincludecoffee,cocoa,palmoil,bananas,sugarcane,tea,mangoes,andpineapples.Tropicalrainforestscanhaveasmuchas14feetofrainayear.“Therainfallchangeisenormous”Antonysaid.“It'saveryheavyrainfallregion.So,asmallshiftwillcausebigchangesintheeconomyofthesocieties.Itwillaffectmanyregions.”Antonyandhiscolleaguesusedadvancedcomputermodelstopredicttheatmosphericinfluenceofcarbondioxideemissionsfromcontinuedburningoffossilfuelsandothersources.”Thisclimatemodelincludedmanycomponentsoftheatmosphere,ocean,seaice,andland.Allthesecomponentsareinteractingwitheachother,”hesaid.“Basically,wetrytosimulatetherealworld.Inthemodel,wecanincreaseourcarbondioxideemissionsfrompre-industriallevelstomuchhigherlevels.”Theanalysisaccountedforhowcarbonemissionsinfluencetheamountofradiantenergyatthetopofatmosphere.Italsoconsideredthechangesinseaice,watervaporandcloudformation.Theseandotherfactorsresultedinconditionsthatpushtherain-formingconvergencezonesnorthwardbyasmuchas0.2degreesonaverage.8.Whatmaybethemaincauseoftherainshift?A.Therainforests. B.Carbonemissions.C.TheEarth'sequator. D.Economicgrowth.9.HowdoesAntonyfeelabouttherainshift?A.Confused. B.Grateful. C.Worried. D.Indifferent.10.Whichwordcanbestdescribethestudy?A.Comprehensive. B.Widespread. C.Fruitful. D.Historic.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Therainshiftisunrelatedtohumanactivities.B.Therainshiftthreatensequatorialagriculture.C.Thestudy’scomputermodelswerenotpreciseenough.D.Theimpactoftherainshiftwillbelimitedtoremoteareas.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述一项研究预测，不受控制的碳排放将迫使热带降雨在未来几十年内向北移动，将对地球赤道附近的地区产生深远影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thesechangesaredrivenbycarbonemissions,whichinturninfluencetheformationoftropicalconvergence(汇集)zones.(这些变化是由碳排放驱动的，而碳排放反过来又影响热带辐合带的形成。)”可知，雨带的移动主要是由碳排放引起的。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的““Therainfallchangeisenormous,”Antonysaid.“It’saveryheavyrainfallregion.So,asmallshiftwillcausebigchangesintheeconomyofthesocieties.Itwillaffectmanyregions.”(“降雨量变化很大，”安东尼说。“这是一个雨量非常大的地区。所以，一个小的转变会引起社会经济的大变化。它将影响许多地区。”)可知，安东尼认为一个小小的转变会导致社会经济的巨大变化。它将影响许多地区。因此推断Antony对雨带的移动感到担忧。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Antonyandhiscolleaguesusedadvancedcomputermodelstopredicttheatmosphericinfluenceofcarbondioxideemissionsfromcontinuedburningoffossilfuelsandothersources.”Thisclimatemodelincludedmanycomponentsoftheatmosphere,ocean,seaice,andland.(安东尼和他的同事使用先进的计算机模型来预测持续燃烧化石燃料和其他来源产生的二氧化碳排放对大气的影响。这个气候模型包括了大气、海洋、海冰和陆地的许多组成部分。)”可知，研究使用了“先进的计算机模型”以及考虑了多个影响因素,可见这项研究是全面的。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Tropicalregionsoneithersidetheequator,suchascentralAfricannations,northernSouthAmerica,andPacificislandstateswouldbethemostaffected.Majorcropsintheseregionsincludecoffee,cocoa,palmoil,bananas,sugarcane,tea,mangoes,andpineapples.(赤道两侧的热带地区，如中非国家、南美洲北部和太平洋岛国，将受到最严重的影响。这些地区的主要作物包括咖啡、可可、棕榈油、香蕉、甘蔗、茶、芒果和菠萝。)”可知，热带地区主要农作物可能受影响，说明雨带的移动威胁了赤道地区的农业。故选B。DEngineerKerstinGöpfrichbuildsmachines.Butratherthanbuildingmetaldevices,shemakestinyonestoworkinsideourcells.Göpfrichleadsaresearchgroupfocusingonthe“engineeringoflife”attheMaxPlanckInstituteforMedicalResearchinHeidelberg,Germany.Ourcellsarealreadyfullofnature-mademachinescarryingoutthedailytasksofliving.Manyareproteins.Butsometimesournaturalprotein-machinesdon’tworkright.Brokenbiomachinerycausesmanydiseases,Soscientistsareconsideringhowtheymightfixfaultyproteins.Theymightwireupartificialnervestoreplacedamagedones.Andthepotentialforsuchdevicesgoesbeyondmakingrepairs.Scientistsarelookingathowtogivecellsnewabilities,hopingthatbydevelopingenoughnovelbiomachines,theymightmakenewformsoflife.Soifaproteinisfaulty,whynotmakeanewoneinthelab?BackwhenFrankieRawsonwasastudent,heaskedhisteachersthat.NowananotechnologistattheUniversityofNottinghaminEngland,Rawsonhasansweredhisownquestion,“Itturnsoutthatwe’renotverygoodatartificiallyre-creatingwhatbiologydoes.”BiologistslikeRawsonandGöpfrichfoundaworkaround.They’recreatingnanomachinesthatdothesamejobsasproteins.Withtherightdesign,thesenanomachinescandosoeasieratlesscost.Theyalsocanbemorestableusingfeweringredients.Tobuildthem,researchersworkwithmanytypesofmaterials.Rawsonusescarbonnanotubes.Göpfrichevenusesbiologicalmolecules,suchasDNA.Ratherthanhealoldordamagedbodyparts,she’dreplacethemwithnewones.Scientistshavelearnedtomakesmallsynthetic(合成的)biologyfixes.Ourcellsmustworktogether.“Thinkofthemlikethewiringofahouse,”Rawsonsays.Flipaswitch,andalightturnson.That’sabig-scaleeffect.Buteachsmallpieceinthesystemmustworkproperlytogetthatendeffect.12.Whatdoesparagraph2intendtotellus?A.Thecostofrepairingproteins. B.Theprospectfornature-mademachines.C.Thechallengeofnaturalprotein-machines. D.Thebackgroundofcreatingnewbiomachines.13.WhyisRawsonmentionedinparagraph4?ATopresentscientists’failureinbiology. B.Toconveyhisideaoflifeengineering.C.Toshowmakingproteinsinthelabishard. D.Toexplainwhynanotechnologyisimportant.14.Whichcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword“workground”inparagraph5?A.Anewdilemma. B.Adifficultcondition.C.Analternativesolution. D.Anunbelievablestory.15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyexpress?A.Theeffectofproteinsonourbody. B.Thecombinationofthewiringofahouse.C.Thecomplexityofthehumanbodysystem. D.Theprecisionrequiredforsyntheticbiology.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家在生命工程和纳米技术领域的研究进展，特别是关于如何制造能在细胞内工作的微型机器（纳米机器）来替代或修复受损的生物机器（蛋白质）。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Ourcellsarealreadyfullofnature-mademachinescarryingoutthedailytasksofliving.Manyareproteins.Butsometimesournaturalprotein-machinesdon’tworkright.Brokenbiomachinerycausesmanydiseases,Soscientistsareconsideringhowtheymightfixfaultyproteins.Theymightwireupartificialnervestoreplacedamagedones.(我们的细胞已经充满了自然形成的机器，执行着生命活动的日常任务。其中许多是蛋白质。但有时我们的天然蛋白质机器会出现故障。生物机器损坏会引发许多疾病，因此科学家们正在考虑如何修复有缺陷的蛋白质。他们可能会用人工神经来替换受损的神经。)”可知，第二段作者想要介绍一下科学家们想要创造新型生物机器的背景知识，也就是希望用这种新型生物机器修复有缺陷的蛋白质和替换受损的神经。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“BackwhenFrankieRawsonwasastudent,heaskedhisteachersthat.NowananotechnologistattheUniversityofNottinghaminEngland,Rawsonhasansweredhisownquestion,“Itturnsoutthatwe’renotverygoodatartificiallyre-creatingwhatbiologydoes.”(当FrankieRawson还是学生的时候，他就问过老师这个问题。现在，作为英国诺丁汉大学的一名纳米技术专家，Rawson已经回答了自己的问题：“事实证明，我们在人工复制生物所做的事情方面并不擅长。”)”可知，第四段提到Rawson主要是因为他曾作为学生时向老师提出过关于在实验室制造新蛋白质的问题，而现在作为纳米技术专家的他回答了这个问题，指出“我们在人工复制生物所做的事情方面并不擅长”。这表明在实验室制造蛋白质是困难的。故选C。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词下文“They’recreatingnanomachinesthatdothesamejobsasproteins.Withtherightdesign,thesenanomachinescandosoeasieratlesscost.Theyalsocanbemorestableusingfeweringredients.(他们正在创造能做蛋白质相同工作的纳米机器。有了正确的设计，这些纳米机器可以更容易、更廉价地完成工作。它们使用的成分更少，因此也可以更加稳定。)”可知，他们找到了一种解决方法来解决上文提到的不擅长人工复制生物的问题。由此可知，划线词workground为“解决方法”之意。选项A“Anewdilemma(一个新的困境)”；选项B“Adifficultcondition(一个困难的状况)”；选项C“Analternativesolution(一个替代的解决方案)”；选项D“Anunbelievablestory(一个不可思议的故事)”。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Scientistshavelearnedtomakesmallsynthetic(合成的)biologyfixes.Ourcellsmustworktogether.“Thinkofthemlikethewiringofahouse,”Rawsonsays.Flipaswitch,andalightturnson.That’sabig-scaleeffect.Buteachsmallpieceinthesystemmustworkproperlytogetthatendeffect.(科学家们已经学会了进行小型合成生物学修复。我们的细胞必须协同工作。“可以把它们想象成房屋的布线，”Rawson说。拨动开关，灯就会亮。这是一个大规模的效果。但系统中的每一个小部件都必须正常工作，才能实现这一最终效果。)”可知，最后一段通过将人体细胞比作房屋的布线，强调每个小部分都必须正常工作才能达到最终效果，这突出了合成生物学所需的精确性和准确性。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Earth'snaturalresourcesincludeair,water,soil,minerals,fuels,plants,andanimals.Conservationisthepracticeofcaringfortheseresources,andalllivingthingscanbenefitfromit.Allthethingsweneedtosurviveon,suchasfood,water,air,andshelter,comefromnaturalresources.Someoftheseresources,likesmallplants,canbereplacedquicklyaftertheyareused.Others,likelargetrees,takealongtimetoreplace.___16___Otherresources,suchasfossilfuels,cannotbereplacedatall.Onceusedup,theyaregoneforever.Thesearenonrenewableresources.Peopleoftenwastenaturalresources.Animalsareoverhunted.Forestsarecleared,exposinglandtowindandwaterdamage.Ifresourcesarecarelesslymanaged,manywillbeusedup.Ifusedwisely,however,someresourceswilllastmuchlonger.___17___Thepopulationofhumanbeingshasgrownenormouslyinthepasttwocenturies.Billionsofpeopleuseupresourcesquicklyastheyeatfood,buildhouses,producegoods,andburnfuelfortransportationandelectricity.___18___Theneedtoconserveresourcesoftenconflictswithotherneeds.___19___Atimber(木材)companymaywanttoharvestthearea'streesforconstructionmaterials.Abusinessmaywanttobuildafactoryorshoppingmallontheland.___20___Whenweusetheenvironmentproperlytoensurewehaveresourcesforthefuture,itiscalledsustainabledevelopment.Therearemanydifferentresourcesweneedtoconserveinordertolivesustainably.A.Thesearerenewableresources.B.Thepursuitofdevelopmentoftenrequiresgreaterinvestment.C.Actually,developmentandconservationcancoexistinharmony.DTheproductsandbenefitswegetfromnaturerelyonbiodiversity.E.Forsomepeople,awoodedareamaybeagoodplacetorunafarm.F.Thecontinuationoflifedependsonthecarefuluseofnaturalresources.G.Throughconservation,peoplecanreducewasteandmanagenaturalresourceswisely.【答案】16.A17.G18.F19.E20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了地球上的自然资源包括空气、水、土壤、矿物、燃料、植物和动物。保护是爱护这些资源的做法，所有生物都能从中受益，因为发展和保护是可以和谐共存的。【16题详解】根据前句“Someoftheseresources,likesmallplants,canbereplacedquicklyaftertheyareused.Others,likelargetrees,takealongtimetoreplace.(其中一些资源，如小型植物，在使用后可以迅速更换。其他的，比如大树，需要很长时间来替换)”可知，此处是在谈论可再生资源，因此选择A项“这些是可再生能源。”符合语境，故选A。【17题详解】根据前句“Ifresourcesarecarelesslymanaged,manywillbeusedup.Ifusedwisely,however,someresourceswilllastmuchlonger.(如果不小心管理资源，很多资源就会被用完。然而，如果使用得当，一些资源会持续更长的时间)”以及后文主要针对资源的使用进行讨论，可知这些资源对生存的重要性，因此G项“通过节约资源，人们可以减少浪费，明智地管理自然资源。”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据后文“Thepopulationofhumanbeingshasgrownenormouslyinthepasttwocenturies.Billionsofpeopleuseupresourcesquicklyastheyeatfood,buildhouses,producegoods,andburnfuelfortransportationandelectricity.(在过去的两个世纪里，人口急剧增长。数十亿人在吃东西、盖房子、生产商品、为运输和发电而燃烧燃料的过程中，迅速地耗尽了资源)”可知，前文说明人口增长，资源迅速被耗尽，因此接下来讲述为了生命的延续，人们理应谨慎使用资源，因此选择F项“生命的延续取决于对自然资源的谨慎利用。”符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】根据前文“The

need

to

conserve

resources

often

conflicts

with

other

needs.(节约资源的需要常常与其他需要相冲突)”以及后句“Atimber(木材)companymaywanttoharvestthearea'streesforconstructionmaterials.(木材公司可能想要收获该地区的树木作为建筑材料)”可知，此处是在举例说明保护和发展间的冲突，因此选择E项“对一些人来说，树木繁茂的地区可能是经营农场的好地方。”符合语境，故选E。【20题详解】根据后句“Whenweusetheenvironmentproperlytoensurewehaveresourcesforthefuture,itiscalledsustainabledevelopment.Therearemanydifferentresourcesweneedtoconserveinordertolivesustainably.(当我们正确地利用环境，以确保我们有未来的资源，这被称为可持续发展。为了可持续地生活，我们需要保护许多不同的资源。)”可知，此处总结全文，引出可持续发展的概念，因此选择C项“实际上，发展和保护是可以和谐共存的。”符合语境，故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Keeppushingforward,”myfatheralwayssaidwheneverIfaceddifficulties.HiswordsechoedinmymindasIfacedaseriesof___21___aftergraduatingfromcollege.Ihadsetmysightsonacareeringraphic(图画)design.ImovedtoNewYorkCityandsentoutmy___22___tolotsofagencies.Dayafterday,Iknockedonthedoorofopportunity,onlytobemetwith___23___eachtime.Therejectionletterspiledup,andmyconfidencebecame___24___.Feelingdefeated,Ireturnedtomyhometown.Myfather,___25___mydepression,said,“Keeppushingforward.Remember,opportunitiesoftengohandinhandwith___26___.”HeofferedtodrivemetonearbycitieswhereIcould___27___myjobsearch.IdecidedtotrymyluckinBoston.Atasmalldesignfirm,theowner,akindwomannamedKaren,informedmetheyhadalready___28___theposition.AsIwasleaving,shenoticedasketchbook(素描簿)inmybag.“Doyouhaveany___29___ofyourwork?”sheasked.Inodded.Butshewasgoingtoattendameeting.So,____30____,shetookalookatmyworksbutwas____31____.Sheofferedmeajob____32____.AsIwalkedout,thesunshiningbrightly,Icouldn'thelpbut____33____whatmyfatherhadsaid.IfIhadgivenup,Iwouldhavemissedthischance.Ioften____34____howdifferentmylifemighthavebeenifIhadnotpersevered.Thatjobledtomore____35____,andeventually,IfoundmyselfworkinginNewYorkCity,justasIhaddreamed.21.A.applications B.rejections C.operations D.presentations22.A.stories B.grades C.works D.proofs23.A.comfort B.training C.strategy D.disappointment24.A.weaker B.fuller C.steadier D.simpler25.A.ignoring B.noticing C.doubting D.recording26.A.experiences B.achievements C.challenges D.qualifications27.A.admit B.continue C.interpret D.declare28.A.filled B.changed C.quit D.spread29.A.descriptions B.resolutions C.samples D.memorials30.A.honestly B.unfortunately C.obviously D.unconcernedly31.A.impressed B.curious C.embarrassed D.skeptical32.A.invain B.atrisk C.onthespot D.byaccident33.A.decide B.approve C.complain D.recall34.A.hearfrom B.reflecton C.askabout D.holdout35.A.excuses B.profits C.consequences D.opportunities【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.C27.B28.A29.C30.D31.A32.C33.D34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述作者个人在求职过程中遇到的挑战、父亲的鼓励、转机以及最终的成功，展现了一个关于坚持与机会并存的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我大学毕业后遭遇一系列拒绝时，他的话在我脑海中回响。A.applications申请；B.rejections拒绝；C.operations手术；D.presentations演示。根据下文“Therejectionletterspiledup,andmyconfidencebecame___4___.”可知，作者毕业后找工作遭遇了很多的拒绝信。因此可推测，空处指的是作者大学毕业后遭遇一系列拒绝时，父亲的话总在作者脑海中回响。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我搬到了纽约市，并向许多机构投递了我的作品。A.stories故事；B.grades成绩、年级；C.works作品；D.proofs证据。根据上文“Ihadsetmysightsonacareeringraphic(图画)design.”可知，作者想要从事图画设计的工作，由此可推测，作者向很多机构投递的事自己的图画作品。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：日复一日，我敲响了机会的大门，但每次都只能失望而归。A.comfort安慰；B.training训练；C.strategy策略；D.disappointment失望。根据下文“Therejectionletterspiledup”可知，作者并没有得到工作，因此可知，作者此