专题01复习课（一）Units14重难点梳理（原卷版）

专题01复习课（一）·模块一Unit1:Trees核心知识梳理·模块二重点语法知识梳理一：现在完成时·模块三Unit2:Water核心知识梳理·模块四重点语法知识梳理二：宾语从句·模块五Unit3:Electricity核心知识梳理·模块六重点语法知识梳理三：数词·模块七Unit4:Newspapers核心知识梳理·模块一Unit1:Trees核心知识梳理1.Whatelse…？还有什么……？【记忆链接】Whatelsedoyouwanttobuy?你还想买些什么？同类词：somethingelse/somebodyelse/anyoneelse/everyoneelse【注意】所有格与else连用时，’s要添加在else上。Mybagismorebeautifulthananyoneelse’s.我的包比其他任何人的都好看。Theymakestreetsmorebeautifulandlessnoisy.【记忆链接】“more”和“less”用于多音节和一些双音节形容词和副词之前。“more”表示“更加”，“less”表示“不如，较差”。JaneislessbeautifulthanSusan.珍妮没有苏珊漂亮。Susan’smorebeautifulthanJane.苏珊比珍妮更漂亮。And,Isupposeyoualsoenjoybreathingpure,coolair.【记忆链接】enjoydoing意为“喜欢做……事，享受做……事的乐趣”。IenjoyreadingbooksathomeonSundays.周日我喜欢在家看书。【拓展】表达喜欢的动词及动词词组：bekeenondoing/befondofdoing/likedoing/lovedoing4....produceenoughoxygentokeepyourwholeclassaliveandhealthyforawholeyear.【记忆链接】★enough+n.Ihaveenoughtimetofinishthework.我有足够的时间来完成这份工作。★adj./adv.+enoughIt’swarmenoughtoswim.天气足够暖和，可以游泳。考纲词汇梳理:1.ItisreportedthatlastTuesday,ayoungtrafficpolicemanwasknockeddownbyaccidentandsenttothenearbyhospital.据报道，上周二一名年轻的交警意外地被撞倒，然后送往了就近的医院。【拓展1】Itisreportedthat...据报道类似句型Itisbelieved/said/considered/knownthat...，主语从句，可以运用在写作中。【拓展2】knockdown撞倒 knowoff撞翻【拓展3】byaccident=bychance=accidentally偶然地，碰巧地sb.happentodosth.碰巧做某事2.Asstudents,weagreethatweshouldtakefulladvantageoftimetopracticeourselvesandreceivemoreeducationsothatwewillhaveabrightfuture.作为学生，我们都同意这样的说法，我们应该充分利用时间来锻炼自己，接受更多的教育以便今后我们有所成就。【拓展1】agreewith赞成，同意（某人的意见、想法），后接one’sidea,whatonesaysagreeto接受，认可（一方提出的建议、安排、计划等），后接suggestion,plan,proposalagreeon取得一致意见，后接price,thesetermsagreetodosth.同意做某事agreeableadj.赞同的；愉悦的【拓展2】takefulladvantageof充分利用近义词：makethemost/bestuseof充分利用【拓展3】practicev./n.练习practicedoingsth.练习做某事中考考察后接doing的动词有：admit,deny,spend,keep,enjoy,imagine,finish,prefer,practice, mind,consider【拓展4】receive收到（客观性）accept接受（主观性）IreceivedAmy’sinvitation,butIdidn’tacceptit.【拓展5】sothat结果状语从句，句型转换中常考Heworkedhardenoughtogethighmarks.=Heworkedhardsothathegothighmarks.=Heworkedsohardthathegothighmarks.【拓展6】inthefuture在将来infuture从今以后·模块二重点语法知识梳理一：现在完成时现在完成时比较：IliveinShanghai.我住在上海。（一般现在时）ImovedtoShanghaitenyearsago.十年前我搬到上海住了。（一般过去时）IhavelivedinShanghaifortenyears.我在上海住了十年了。（现在完成时）Ⅰ.构成现在完成时由“have/has+过去分词”构成。其中的have/has为助动词，构成疑问句时，可将其提前；构成否定句时，可直接在其后加not。Ⅱ.用法1.表结果：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果，可以和already,yet,just等连用。Ihavealreadypostedthephotos.我已经把照片寄了。（照片不在我这里了）haveyouhadyourlunchyet?你吃午饭了吗？Yes,Ihavejusthadit.是的，我吃了，我刚刚吃过。（现在不饿了）2.表继续：表示过去已经开始，持续到现在，还可能继续下去的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用。如：thismorning,thesedays,inthelast(past)…,since,foralongtime等。Theyhavelivedheresince1989.自从1989年以来，他们就住在这里。Shehasbeenthereforovertwoyears.她在那里两年多了。3.表经验：表示从过去到现在之间曾经经历过的事情，常和never,ever,once,threetimes,before等连用。IhaveneverbeentoEgyptbefore.我以前从没去过埃及。HehasbeentoEgyptthreetimes.他去过埃及3次了。Ⅲ.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时与一般过去时都表示过去的动作，但现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的影响、生成的结果等等，而一般过去时只表示在过去的时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，强调动作，前者强调影响。(1)A:Haveyouseenthefilm?你看过这部电影吗？B:Didyouseethefilm?你看过这部电影吗？A句强调的是被问者对剧情是否了解；B句强调的是看这部电影的动作是否发生过，并不强调是否知道其内容。(2)A:Shehaswateredtheflowers.她已经浇了花。（不需要再浇了）B:Shewateredtheflowersyesterday.她昨天浇的花。表示过去的时间状语如：yesterday,lastweek,twoyearsago,justnow,in2002等，以及when为首的疑问句与一般过去时连用，而不与现在完成时连用。(1)Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.（错）Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.（对）(2)Haveyoueverbeentothegreatwall?Yes,Ihave.Whendidyougothere?Lastweek.Ⅳ.瞬间动词和延续性动词瞬间动词表示的动作顺建即可结束，不能延续，不能与表示延续的时间状语连用。IhaveleftWuhanfortendays.（错）IhavebeenawayfromWuhanfortendays.（对）IleftWuhantendaysago.（对）ItistendayssinceIleftWuhan.（对）TendayshaspassedsinceIleftWuhan.（对）瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换Beebe;borrowkeep;buyhave;ebehere;gobeaway;leavebeaway;marrybemarried;havegothave;begintostudystudy;breakbebroken;closebeclosed;diebedead;getupbeup;joinbein;losebelost;openbeopen.Ⅴ.注意点havebeento,havegoneto和havebeenin(1)havebeento表示“过去曾去过某地”，说话时已从该地回来或去了其它地方，总之，现在已不在该地。(2)havegoneto表示“以去了某地”，说话时不在说话地点或在去该地的途中，或已到了该地。总之，现在还未回来。(3)havebeenin表示“已在该地（待了多久）”。表示“已在小地方多久”，需用at,而后面跟副词时只用havebeen，不用任何介词。XiaoLihavebeentoBeijing.小李去过北京。XiaoLihavegonetoBeijing.小李去了北京。XiaoLihavebeeninBeijingforthreeyears.小李在北京待了三年了。since的四种用法(1)since+过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980,lastmonth,halfpastsix)。Ihavebeenheresince1989.Myaunthasworkedinaclinicsince1949.(2)since+一段时间+agoIhavebeenheresincefivemonthsago.(3)since+从句（从句通常用一般过去时，而主句一般用现在完成时）Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceyouleft.IhaveknownXiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.(4)Itis（hasbeen）+一段时间+since从句ItistwoyearssinceIbecameapostgraduatestudent.★比较since和forSince用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度。IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.Somenewoilfieldshavebeenopenedupsince1976.【注意】：并非有for作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。Iworkedhereformorethantwentyyears.(我现在已不在这里工作。)Ihaveworkedhereformanyyears.(现在我仍在这里工作。)在使用thismorning,thisafternoon,thissummer等时间状语时，如说话时间仍在此范围，则用现在完成时，否则用一般过去时。Ihavereviewedtwolessonsthismorning.今天上午我已经复习了两课。（说话时还在上午）Ireviewedtwolessonsthismorning.今天上午我复习了两课。（说话时已是下午或晚上）用于现在完成时的句型Itisthefirst/secondtime….that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthecity.这是我第一次来北京。Itwasthethirdtimethattheboyhadbeenlate.这是这个男孩第三次迟到了。(2)Thisisthe…that…结构，that从句要用现在完成时。ThisisthebestfilmthatI've(ever)seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。Thisisthefirsttime(that)I'veheardhimsing.这是我第一次听他唱歌。·模块三Unit2:Water核心知识梳理1.It’snoteasyformetogethere.【记忆链接】Itis十adj.+forsb.(ofsb.)todosth.（对事加以评论／对人加以评论）在这个句型中，it是形式主语，而句子真正的主语是后面的不定式短语ItisimportantforyoutolearnEnglishwell.对你而言，学好英语很重要。（adj.修饰物，用for）Itiskindofyoutohelpme.你能帮我真是太好了。（adj.修饰人，用of）2.Iwaitedthereuntilyoucalledme,andhereIam.【记忆链接】★until表示持续做某事，用延续性动词。not…until表示“直到……才”，可以用瞬间动词。Ididhouseworkuntilmymothercameback.我做家务做到我妈妈回来。★not...until直到...才，用短暂性动词。Hedidn'tgotobeduntilhismothercameback.直到他妈妈回来，他才去睡觉。3.Thenitwastimetogetcleanedup.【记忆链接】It’stimetodosth.表示“是做什么事情的时候了”。它也可以用另外一种句式表达：It’stimeforsth.It'stimetohavedinner.=It’stimefordinner.是吃晚饭的时候了。4.Whenyou’vefinishedwithme,I'llgotoasewageplant.【记忆链接】用will表示将来发生的动作或状态。Willyoujoinus?你要加入我们吗？Yes,wewill./No,wewon't.是的，我们要。／不，我们不要。【辨析】will与begoingto的区别：begoingto表示事先打算，有意图要发生的事。Iamgoingtoplaytabletenniswithmyfriendsthisafternoon.begoingto还表示客观情况下（非主观打算）即将要发生的动作。Theweathermansaysitisgoingtoraintomorrow.天气预报员说明天要下雨。考纲词汇梳理:3.Sometimes,thetiredscientistwantstogiveuptheplanforhehasfailedintheexperimentsometimes,buthestillspendssometimeoniteverydaybecausehebelieveshewillbesuccessfulsometime.有时，那个疲劳的科学家想要放弃那个计划，因为他已经几次在实验中失败了，但是，他仍每天在这上面花时间，因为他相信，在将来某个时刻会成功的。【拓展1】sometimes有时=attimes=fromtimetotime sometimes几次；几倍sometime一段时间 sometime某个时间点【拓展2】failintheexam=failtopasstheexam考试失败【拓展3】花费的几个用法:sb.spendtime/money(in)doingsth./onsth.sb.spendtimewithsb.Ittakessb.timetodosth.sb.paymoneyforsth.sb.buy/purchasesth.formoneysth.costsb.somemoneysb.affordtodosth.【拓展4】successn.成功；表示具体的某一件成功的事时可数successfuladj.成功的succeedv.成功successfullyadv.成功地成功做某事beabletodosth.=candosth.=managetodosth.=besuccessfulindoingsth.=succeedindoingsth.4.Youcantryborrowingsomemoneyfromthisrichwoman,butIamafraidshewon'tlendevenonedollartoyou.你可以试着从那个富有的女人那里借钱，但我恐怕她连一元也不会借给你。【拓展1】borrowsth.fromsb.从某人那借某物lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.借给某人某物现在完成时中：Ihaveborrowedkeptthisbookfromthelibraryforthreedays.我已经借了三天的书了。【拓展2】trydoingsth.尝试做某事trytodosth.=tryone’sbesttodosth.尽力做某事中考中后接doing/todo的动词有：stop/continue/remembermeantodosth.打算做某事meandoingsth.意味着做某事5.Tooursurprise,thoughtheresultoftheexamissurprising,theteacherwasnotsurprisedatit.使我们惊讶的是，尽管考试的结果令人吃惊，但是老师一点都不惊讶。【拓展1】toone’s+n.toone’sgreatjoy使某人高兴的是【拓展2】though/although“虽然”是连词，两个句子中只能用一个连词连接，因此不可以与连词but 连用，可以与副词still/yet连用。【拓展3】surprisingadj.令人惊讶的surprisedadj.感到惊讶的besurprisedat对...感到惊讶的adj.以ing/ed结尾的词有：bored/boring,interested/interesting...大多以ing结尾的单词是修饰物，以ed结尾的单词是修饰人，但也有例外：Heisaboringman.他是一个令人感到无聊的人。·模块四重点语法知识梳理二：宾语从句Ⅰ.概念宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式充当，当一个句子充当宾语时，我们把这个句子叫做宾语从句。Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语）Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）Ienjoyplayingbasketball.（动名词作宾语）Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）WeknowthatYaoMingisafamousbasketballplayer.宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。Ⅱ.分类动词的宾语从句Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.介词的宾语从句Itdependsonwhetheritisgoingtorain.形容词的宾语从句,即系词+心理状态形容词+宾语Iamafraidthathecan'tfinishthework.Ⅲ.三要素语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。即主语+谓语的顺序。如：Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.注意：在宾语从句中带有特殊疑问词但句序不变的句子：What’sthematterwithyou?/What’swrongwithyou?/Whathappenedtoyou?/What’syourtrouble?/What’syourproblem?/What’sup?Whoissing?Whichisthewaytothestation?时态若主句时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。即从句可用所需任何时态，如：Idon’tthink(that)youareright.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?HesaysMaryisplayingwiththecat.HesaysMaryoftenplayswiththecat.HesaysMarywillplaywiththecat.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时），如：Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.【注意】直接引语变间接引语时态的变化：Hesaid,“Maryisplayingwiththecat.”→HesaidMarywasplayingwiththecat.Hesaid,“hewillgobacktoChinasoon.”→HesaidhewouldgobacktoChinasoon如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制，如：OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.Theteachersaid,“themoonmovesaroundthesun.”→Theteachersaidthatthemoonmovesaroundthesun.Hesaid,“lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.”→Hesaidlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.当主句为Couldyou(please)tellus...?时，只表示语气，而不表示过去时态。CouldyoutellmewhenyouwillleaveforShanghai?连接词引导陈述句用that（在口语或非正式文体中常常省略）。动词一般为think/believe/consider...Hesays,“Youareright.”HesaysthatIamright.注意：人称的变化引导一般疑问句用if或whether。动词一般为ask/wonder/don’tknow...Heasks,“Willyougothere?”HeasksifIwillgothere?【注意】下列几种情况通常使用whether：①与ornot连用：Letmeknowwhetheryoucaneornot.②在介词之后：Itdependsonwhetheritisgoingtorain.③在不定式之前：Wehaven’tdecidedwhethertogothere.引导特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词。Heasks,“Wherewillyougo?”HeaskswhereIwillgo.【注意】宾语从句与简单句的转换①当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，agree，choose等时，从句可简化为不定式结构。IhopethatIcanreceiveyouremail.→Ihopetoreceiveyouremail.②当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句谓语动词是know，remember，forget，learn等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。Shedoesn’tknowwhatsheshoulddonext.→Shedoesn’tknowwhattodonext.③当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell，show，teach等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。WillyoupleaseshowmehowIcanworkitout?→Willyoupleaseshowmehowtoworkitout?·模块五Unit3:Electricity核心知识梳理1.Shethinksshecanbuyitinpackets,likesweets！【记忆链接】句中can是一个情态动词，意为“能，可能”。情态动词无词性变化，表主语或说话者的语气。★肯定句：主语+can+动词原形……Icanswim.我会游泳。★否定句：主语+cannot(can’t)+动词原形……Ican’tswim.我不会游泳。★疑问句：Can+主语+动词原形……回答：Yes,+主语十can./No,+主语+can’t.Canyouswim?Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.2.…althoughelectricityismuchmoredangerousthanwater.【记忆链接】★more+adj.+than…Isthissnakemoredangerousthanthatone?这条蛇比那一条更危险吗？★more十n./phrase十than…TherearemorestudentsinClass3thanthoseinClass2.三班的学生比二班的多。【拓展】关于比较级和最高级:★对于单音节或双音节的形容词我们一般在后面加上er和est。smallsmallersmallest;bigbiggerbiggest,funnyfunnierfunniestslowslowerslowest;fastfasterfastest但要注意一些由形容词变化而来的副词，虽然其形式上为双音节，但它们的比较级和最高级要加more和most。slowlymoreslowlythemostslowly;friendlymorefriendlythemostfriendly;happilymorehappilythemosthappily★对于多音节的形容词，它们的比较级和最高级要加more和most。beautifulmorebeautifulthemostbeautiful;dangerousmoredangerousthemostdangerous,3.Youmustalwaysbecarefulwithit.【记忆链接】句中must是一个情态动词，意为“必须，一定”。★肯定句：主语+must+动词原形……Imustgohomenow.我现在必须回家。★否定句：主语+mustnot(mustn’t)+动词原形……Youmustn’tsmokehere.不准你在这抽烟。★疑问句：Must+主语+动词原形……回答：Yes,十主语+must.／No,+主语十needn’t.MustIgohomenow?Yes,youmust.／No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.现在我必须回家吗？是的，你必须。／不，你不必。4.MayIhavemypacketofelectricity?【记忆链接】句中may是一个情态动词，意为“可以”。★肯定句：主语+may+动词原形…Youmaysitdown.你可以坐下。★否定句：主语+maynot+动词原形……Youmaynotsitdown.你不可以坐下。★疑问句：May+主语+动词原形……回答：Yes,+主语+may./No,+主语+maynot.MayIsitdown?Yes,youmay./No,youmaynot/can’t/mustn’t.我可以坐下吗？是的，你可以。／不，你不可以。考纲词汇梳理:1.Thesupportfromhiswholefamilygavehimconfidencetosolvethedifficultproblemandfinallyhenotonlydiscoveredanewdiseasebutalsoinventednewmedicineagainstit.来自他全家的支持给了他解决难题的信心，最终他不仅发现了新的疾病而且发明了新药抵制这种疾病。【拓展1】supportv./n.支持support=beinfavorof支持 beagainst反对【拓展2】confidentadj.有信心的 confidencen.信心be/feelconfidentof=haveconfidencein对...有信心的【拓展3】solvev.解决 solutionn.解决方法thesolutiontotheproblem问题的解决方法 thekeytothedoor门的钥匙theanswertothequestion问题的答案 thewaytosp.去...的路thetickettoShanghai去上海的票 theticketforconcert演唱会的门票【拓展4】就近原则notonly...butalso不但而且/neither...nor...两者都不/either...or要么...要么.../ Therebe就远原则like/(along)with/aswellas/but/except【拓展5】inventv.发明 inventorn.发明家 inventionn.发明物medicinen.药 medicaladj.药物的 2.Sincethecleverboyrealizesthathehimselfiskeenonphysics,hemakesadecisiontostudythisinterestingsubjectwellwiththehelpofhisteacher.由于那个聪明的男孩意识到他自己热爱物理，他决定在老师的帮助下好好学这个有趣的学科。【拓展1】bekeenon对...喜爱的=befondof=becrazyabout【拓展2】since=nowthat既然，因为（明显的理由）Sinceitisrainingnow,youcanstoptohavearest.既然天正在下雨，你可以停下来休息一下。【拓展3】realizev.意识到；实现 realize=etrue实现Finallysherealizedherdream.最终她实现了梦想。=Herdreamcametruefinally.（sth.做主语，无被动）【拓展4】makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.=bedeterminedtodosth.决定做某事【拓展5】withthehelpofsb.在某人的帮助下=thankstosb.WiththehelpofAmy,Ipassedtheexam.=ThankstoAmy,Ipassedtheexam.·模块六重点语法知识梳理三：数词Ⅰ.数词基数词和序数词基数词序数词基数词序数词备注onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelvefirstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwelfththirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteentwentyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightyninetythirteenthfourteenthfifteenthsixteenthseventeentheighteenthnineteenthtwentieththirtiethfortiethfiftiethsixtiethseventietheightiethninetieth基数词变序数词口诀序数词不难记，基数词后加上th.遇到ty结尾词，y先变i再加e.8少t，9少e.面目全非三二一，ve结尾五/十二。换成f须仔细。若是碰到几十几，只将个位改为序。注意：基数词主要表示数量。十位和个位之间须用连字符号，百位数和十位数之间要用and。如：31thirtyone序数词主要表示顺序，前面常用定冠词。注意第一，第二，第三，第五，第八，第九，第十二等。第2129，31……9199的序数词形式，只变个位数，而十位数则用基数词，若是多位的基数词变为序数词，只需将末位数字变成序数词，前面的数词不变，当序数词用阿拉伯数字表示时，必须在该数字之后加上序数词的最后两个字母。如：第31thirtyfirst.百以上的序数词表示方法；hundredhundredth,thousandthousandth.千以上的数字读法：从后面往前每三位数字作为一个单位，用逗号分开。第一个逗号读作thousand,第二个“，”读作million。另外，“万”用tenthousand,“十万”用ahundredthousand表示，billion在美国为十亿，英国的十亿是onethousandmillion。二：年份&日期&时刻&编号的表示法类别说明例词读法年份表示在某年用介词in+数字，读时每两个数字为一组以区别于整数。in1987in1056in2000innineteeneightysevenintenfiftysixintwothousand月份表示在某月用in+月份，月份的首字母要大写，其缩写形式为这个词的前三个字母。inApril(Apr.)inMarch(Mar.)日期其顺序是：月日（年），月年。有日时用介词on，无日则用in,在月（日）与年之间用逗号分开。theyear776BC(公元前776年）onJanuary16inMay,2010onJuly1,1921onJanuarythesixteenthinMay,twentytenonJulythefirst,nineteentwentyone年代世纪表示“几十年代”或“几十岁”时，用十的倍数的基数词的复数，其前用in，且年代前用the。inthe1990sinhisfiftiesinthenineteennineties几点钟“在几点”用介词at+数字，o’clock可省略，如区分上下午，可在时间后加a.m.或p.m.at10:30at4p.m.atteno’clockatfourp.m.几点几分正读法：先读小时，再读分钟，倒读法：前半小时为‘分钟数+past+点钟数’，30分钟用half，15分钟用aquarter，后半小时为‘60分钟数+to+未来的点钟数’at2:40at6:05at12:45attwothirty/halfpasttwoatsixfive/fivepastsixattwelvefortyfive/aquartertoone编号一般编码用“名词+基数词”表示，强调“编号”，用“序数词+名词”着重“顺序”。其读法为“见几读几”，连续重复出现的数可用double，零可用0或zero。邮政编码：510640Room502Class2,Grade5Part5BusNo.16Roomfive0twoClasstwo,GradefivePartFiveBusnumbersixteen特殊数字的表示及读法举例/分类规则例词读法小数小数以基数词加熊啊书店表示，点读point，其前按数词规则读，其后的数一个个地读。0.35.61zero/naughtpointthreefivepointsixone分数分数由基数词作分子，序数词作分母构成，分子大于1时，分母序数词都要用复数1/21/43/43/202a/onehalfa/onequarter,onefourththreefourths/threequartersthreetwentiethstwoandfourfifths百分数%读percent,百分数还可分开写percent.45%fortyfivepercent大约数“正好”用exactly,clearly,precisely,大约用“about,nearly,some,towards,moreorless+数字”或less放在后面，还可用somethinglike,intheneighborhoodof,aday/week/month/yearortwo,“总共”用inall,total.大约1000人大约1小时50以上不到3010天左右40上下大约100亩地about/almost1000peopleabout/almostanhourmorethan/over/above50lessthan/under/below30sometendays/tendaysorsofortymoreorless/aboutfortyintheneighborhoodofahundredacresofland倍数一倍once,两倍twice,三倍threetimesA比B大（高，长，宽）6倍增加了2倍=增至3倍=为......Aissixtimesbigger/higher/broader/longer/widerthanB.=Aissixtimesasbig/highasB.CisthreetimeslessthanD.一些数学公式的表示法A+B=?AB=?A×B=?A÷B=?3+6=993=63×9=279÷3=3A>BA<BA≠BA≈BHowmuchisAplusB?HowmuchisAminusB?HowmuchisAtimesB?HowmuchisAdividedbyB?3plus/and6is9.9minus3is6.3from9is6.Threetimesnineistwentyseven.Ninedividedbythreeisthree.AismorethanB.AislessthanB.AisnotequaltoB.AapproximatelyequalsB.注意一些数词习惯表达：tentoone十有八九sixesandsevens乱七八糟twosandthrees三三两两aoneeyedcat独眼猫atwodayholiday连天的假期athreelegedchair三条腿的椅子比例表示法：Oneineightjoinedtheclub.八分之一的人参加了这个俱乐部。Oneinahundredsurvivedtheearthquake.百分之一的人在这次地震中活了下来。数词的其他用法1.数量增加的表示及译法increase(rise,grow,goup...)表示数量的增加increase(rise...)3times增加2倍increase(rise...)by15%增长15%6timesasmuchas...6倍那么多，多5倍halfaslongas...一般那么长30percentasheavyas...百分之三十那么重onefourthasgreatas...四分之一那么大2.数量减少的表示及译法reduceto15%降到15%，减少85%reduceby20%减少20%fall/dropby10%下降10%fifteenpercentdiscount八五折thirtypercentdiscount七折3.年龄的表示法1）他8岁。Heiseightyearsold./Heisaneightyearoldboy.2)大概年龄表示法：他父亲60多岁去世的。A.Hisfatherdiedinhissixties.B.Sheisstillinherfifties.她才50多岁。C.Heisinhisearlythirties.他30岁出头。D.Sheisabout/aroundforty.她40岁左右。E.Heiscloseto70.他快70岁了。F.Sheisalmost80.她差不多80了。十几岁（从1319岁）的说法：inhisteens十几岁inhisearlyteens十三四岁“不满....岁”的表示法：Heisjustundertwenty.他还不到20岁Mymotheristwoyearsoffsixty.再过两年我妈就60岁了。Heisgoingoneightyyearsold.他年近80岁。Shewillbe18yearsoldnextweek.下周她就18岁了。年岁的其他表示法：成年beofage,未成年beunderage,年迈befarinyears已到上学年龄beofschoolage,超龄beoverage使用英语数词和阿拉伯数字注意事项使用数字时，应该遵循以下原则：A.10以下的数用英语数词，100以上的数用阿拉伯数字。B.10100之间的数用英语数词或阿拉伯数字均可。·模块七Unit4:Newspapers核心知识梳理ImportantSentencesstructures:1.Istartedtakingnotes.【记忆链接】startdoingsth.=starttodosth.开始做某事Hestartedtoworkafterarrivingatthepany.一到公司他就开始工作。2.…orshouldtheypayforit?【记忆链接】paymoneyforsth.为……付款【辨析】Sb.spendsomemoneyonsth./indoingsth.Sth.costsb.somemoneyIttakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.Sb.paysomemoneyforsth.Sb.buy/purchasesth.formoneyIpaid20yuanforthebook.=Ispent20yuanonthebook.=Thebookcostme20yuan.我花20元钱买的这本书。3.Whatshouldwecallit?【记忆链接】情态动词(should/shouldnot,oughtto/oughtnotto)should和oughtto多用于劝告或建议，语气委婉。Yououghtto/shouldbepatientwithyourparents.你应该对你的父母有耐心。Youngpeopleoughtnotto/shouldn’tsmoke.年轻人不应该吸烟。【拓展】should有“责任，义务”的意思，shouldn’t有“不应该”、责备的意味。考纲词汇梳理:1.Besideseatingmorevegetablesandlessmeat,thesefatmenhavetotakeseveralexercisessuchasplayingbasketball,runninginordertoloseweight.除了多吃蔬菜少吃肉，这些肥胖的男人们必须做一些锻炼来减肥，例如打篮球，跑步。【拓展1】“除了”系列Weallpassedtheexam,exceptAmy.(同类排除)Thearticleisgoodexceptforsomespellingmistakes.(异类排除)BesidesAmy,weallpassedtheexam.除了Amy通过了考试，我们也通过了。(相加)【拓展2】exerciseun.锻炼takeexercise做晨练exercisecn.练习;体操doeyeexercises做眼操exercisev.锻炼【拓展3】suchas例如，后接名词，多个例子forexample=forinstance例如，后接句子，单个例子【拓展4】inorderto为了Heworkshardinordertogethighmarks.=Heworkshardthathecangethighmarks.【拓展5】loseweight减肥(不可以说losefat) goonadiet节食2.Itisverykindofyoutohelpusrepairthisnewputerforitisdifficultforustofinishtheworkwithoutitintime.你太好了，帮我们修好了这台新电脑，因为对我们来说，没有它要及时完成工作是困难的。【拓展1】Itis+adj.+of/forsb.todosth.adj.修饰人时用of，修饰事/物时用for【拓展2】帮助某人做某事helpsb.dosth.=helpsb.todosth.=helpsb.withsth.dosb.afavor=givesb.ahand【拓展3】intime及时 ontime按时3.Allthemembersinthisclubareworriedaboutthechangesofclimatesotheyperformanactivitytoaskmorepeopletoprotectenvironment.这个俱乐部的所有成员都担心气候的变化，因此他们发起一个活动让更多的人来保护环境。【拓展1】be/feelworriedaboutsth.=worryaboutsth.【拓展2】performv.表现 performancen.表现；外貌Whatagreatperformancetheygave!【拓展3】asksb.todosth.要求某人做某事 askforsth.要求某物【拓展4】protectionn.保护protect...from保护...免受...1．—Whichmonthis________monthofayear?—_________.A．fifth,May B．thefifth,May C．fiveth,March D．thefivety,March2．—Yourlittlesisterpaintsverywell.Whotaughther?—Nobody.Shelearneditby________.A．himself B．herself C．myself D．yourself3．Wouldyoupleaseshowme_________choice,Jenny?A．your B．yours C．you D．yourselves4．Helen’sfathertookadoghome.Itmade________veryhappy.A．herself B．she C．her D．hers5．TheCityParkisagoodplaceforustotakeawalkaftersupper,________insummer.A．simply B．hardly C．especially D．pletely6．—Idon’tknowhowtofillouttheform.Canyouhelpme?—________A．Thankyouverymuch. B．That’stoobad.C．Sure,noproblem. D．Goodluck.7．Wecan’tthrowplasticbags________theanimalsinthezoo.A．into B．off C．towards D．opposite8．Supermanisstrongandbrave.He________flythroughtheskyandfightbadpeople.A．could B．can C．must D．need9．—Couldyoupleasefeedthechickens?—Sorry,I________.A．can’t B．couldn’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t10．—CanIuseyourbike,Jim?—________.Justremembertoreturnittometomorrow.A．Feelfree B．Takecare C．Excuseme D．Notatall11．Inordertomakenomistakes,shedoesherhomework________.A．carefulenough B．enoughcareful C．carefullyenough D．enoughcarefully12．——Iwonder

______Janegetsonsowellwithherclassmates.——Becauseshealwayscaresmuchaboutothers.A．whether B．how C．when D．why13．—Areyougoingcampingthisafternoon?—Typhoon(台风)Chabaising.I’mnotsure________theroadtothemountainswillbeclosed.A．which B．whatC．whether D．why14．Doyouunderstand________peopledon’twanttotalktoPeter?A．what B．why C．where D．which15．Hedidn’tknowEnglishatall,sohecan’tunderstand______themachine.A．whattocontrol B．tocontrolwhat C．howtocontrol D．tocontrolhow16．—Chinaisagreatcountrywithahistoryofaboutfive______years.—Yes.And______offoreignersetovisititeveryyear.A．thousand;thousand B．thousands;thousands C．thousand;thousands D．thousands;thousand17．Myteacher________severalbookssincethen.A．wrote B．haswritten C．writes D．hadwritten18．—Haveyou______thebirthdaygiftforyourmum?—Yes,andshe’lllikeit,Ithink.A．make B．buy C．chose D．chosen19．—IhopeI’mnotlate.—I’mafraidthemeeting________already.A．hasstarted B．willstart C．isstarting D．starts20．—Wewillhaveavolleyballgametomorrowafternoon.—________I’msureyouwillwin.A．Noproblem. B．Goodluck! C．Excuseme. D．Notreally.21．Mymotherlooksaftermeandneverthinksabout________.A．she B．her C．hers D．herself22．TomhasbeeninChina________hewasborn.A．since B．while C．before D．until23．Xuwassad_________shemissedhermotherverymuch.A．because B．though C．where D．why24．—MrsSmart,thankyoufortakinggoodcareofusinthepastyears.—________A．Thanksalot. B．Sure,noproblem. C．Youarewele. D．That’sagoodidea.25．Theplaywasverylong.Itdidn’tend________itwas9:30intheevening.A．if B．unless C．until D．because26．Hewasdoingexerciseinthepark________IwasstudyingEnglishathome.A．where B．after C．before D．while27．Thetemperaturereached37℃today,________mostpeopletospendaslittletimeoutdoorsaspossible.A．introducing B．counting C．protecting D．leading28．—PeterandJudyareplanningtogetmarried.—Idon’tthinkthey________getmarried.They’veknowneachotherforsuchashorttime!A．should B．could C．may D．must29．—Ideeplybelieveinthepowerofmusic.—That’strue.Musicbringsustogether________whenweareapart.A．sothat B．assoonas C．unless D．eventhough30．—DoyouknowagroupofwildelephantslefttheXishuangbannaNationalNatureReserve(西双版纳国家自然保护区)andstartedmovingnorth.—Yes,Icouldn’tstopworryingaboutthem________theywentbackhome.A．until B．because C．though D．if31．—Feelfreetoaskmeifyouneedanyhelp.—_________.A．Notatall B．YouareweleC．Thankyouverymuch D．It’snothing32．—ThankyouforshowingusaroundRadioBeijing.—_______A．eon! B．Noproblem! C．Notreally. D．That’stoobad.33．—IwilltrymybesttowinintheSchoolTalentShow.—Ifso,allofuswillbe________you.A．proudof B．carefulwith C．strictwith D．worriedwith34．Sir,you________useyourmobilephoneatthegasstation(煤气站).It’sdangerous.A．mustn’t B．don’thaveto C．needn’t D．maynot35．Toreducepollution,itisvery________forustochoosepublictransport.A．successful B．harmful C．meaningful D．careful36．Theidiom(成语)“Mengzi’smothermakesthreemoves.”tellsofamotherwhodidallshecouldtoprovidethebest________forherchild.A．information B．instruction C．environment D．treatment37．Lucywas________thanherbrother.Shemadenomistakes.A．morecareful B．morecareless C．themostcareful D．themostcareless38．—DidyoudoanythingspecialonFather’sDay?—Yes.Imademyfatheracardinthe________ofahearttoshowmylove.A．symbol B．colour C．shape D．model39．—AboyfromHefeimadeamodelplane________byhimselfinamonth.—Withoutanyhelp?Heissoexcellent.A．almost B．hardly C．mainly D．heavily40．—Ican________seethewordsinthenewspaper.Pleasepassmemyglasses.—Hereyouare,Grandpa.A．loudly B．nearly C．slowly D．hardly41．—Couldweplayfootballafterthemovie,Mum?—No,you________.Youmustfinishyourhomeworkfirst.A．needn’t B．shouldn’t C．can’t D．couldn’t42．Ididn’tseeheragain_______sheca