吉林省长春市第一O八中学八年级下学期期末英语试题

吉林省长春108中学20222023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（解析版）笔试部分（95分）Ⅵ.单项选择1.—Volunteersareraisingmoneytosetupaspecialhospitalfor_______oldandsick.—What_______unbelievableideathey’reingupwith!A.an;an B.the;a C.an;the D.the;an【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：志愿者们正在筹集资金，为老年人和病人建立一所特别的医院。他们想出了一个多么不可思议的主意！考查冠词。定冠词the用在形容词前表示一类人，或一群人，是一种复数含义，若做主语，谓语动词应用复数形式。结合句意可知第一空填the；不定冠词（a、an）表示泛指、类指，仅用在单数可数名词前来表示"一"的意义，但不强调数目概念，只表示某类事物中的一个，a用于辅音音素开头的可数名词单数前，an用于元音音素开头的可数名词单数前。结合句意可知第二句表示泛指，指“一个”多么不可思议的主意；故填an；选D。【点睛】冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种：定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词。（一）不定冠词a(an)与数词one同源，是"一个"的意思，用在可数名词单数前，a用于辅音音素开头的可数名词单数前，an则用于元音音素开头的可数名词单数前。不定冠词可表示泛指，指某类事物中的一个，意思是“一个/只…”，也用于一些固定词组中。例如，Heisateacher.(某类事物中的一个)anhour（一个…）havearest（固定词组）。（二）定冠词用法：（1）特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。（2）指双方都知道的人或事物,例如：Openthedoor,please.（3）指上文提到的人或事物。（4）用在世界上独一无二的事物前。例如：Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.太阳比月亮大些。（5）用在序数词和形容词最高级前。例如：Thefirstislandisthebiggestofthethree.第一个小岛是三个中最大的。（6）乐器前用定冠词the，例如，playtheguitar：弹吉他。（7）用在形容词前表示一类人，the+形容词指的是一群人，是一种复数含义，所以其后动词应用复数形式。例如：Theoldaresick.（8）用于一些固定短语中，如theGreatWall：长城；theUnitedStatesofAmerica：美国。（三）零冠词的用法，就是不用冠词的情况。1)国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：England,Mary。2)不可数名词和复数名词表示泛指时，表示一类人或事物时，可不用冠词；Theyareteachers.他们是教师。Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败乃成功之母。3)在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；WegotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.我们从星期一到星期五都上课。4)在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词；如：havebreakfast,playchess。5)当by与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词；bybus,bytrain；6)固定短语，如：gotohospital去医院看病；athome,inclass,gotobed等。2.—Rememberthefirsttimewemet,Joe?—Ofcourse.You________inthelibraryatthattime.A.arereading B.werereading C.haveread D.read【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——还记得我们第一次见面吗，乔？——当然。当时你图书馆看书。考查动词时态。根据时间状语“atthattime”可知，应用过去进行时态，其构成为was/weredoing。故选B。3.Iwonder________thewayoutoftheforestwithoutthehelpofothers.A.whatdidtheyfind B.howtheyfoundC.howdidtheyfind D.whattheyfound【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我想知道在没有别人帮助的情况下他们怎样找到走出森林的路的。考查宾语从句。本句中Iwonder是主句，后面接一个宾语从句；宾语从句使用陈述句语序，因此可先排除选项A和C；what什么，在从句中做主语或宾语，但从句中有主语they和宾语theway，所以可排除选项D；how怎样，表示方式，在从句中做状语，符合题意，故选B。4.________herhusband,shehasnowbeeafamousfilmstar.A.Because B.ThankstoC.Thanksfor D.Withthehelp【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：多亏了她的丈夫，她现在已成为一名著名的电影明星。考查短语辨析。Because因为；Thanksto多亏了；Thanksfor谢谢；Withthehelp在……的帮助下。根据“shehasnowbeeafamousfilmstar”可知能成为著名电影明星多亏了她的丈夫，用Thanksto符合语境。故选B。5.________thestorybetter,Mikeaskedhisfriendforhelp.A.Understand B.TounderstandC.Understanding D.Understood【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：为了更好了解这个故事，迈克向他的朋友寻求帮助.考查动词不定式。此处不定式短语作目的状语。故选B。6.—________youpleasenotthrowtherubbisheverywhere?—Sorry.Iwillpickitup.A.Need B.Must C.Could D.May【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——请你不要到处扔垃圾好吗？——对不起，我会把它捡起来的。考查情态动词。Need需要；Must必须；Could能，可以；May可以。“Couldyoupleasenotdosth.?”固定句型“请你不要做某事好吗？”，一种用于委婉地表达请求的问句。故选C。7.Mumencouragedme________nervousbeforeItooktheexam.A.notbe B.nottobeC.don’tbe D.notbeing【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：妈妈鼓励我在考试前不要紧张。本句考查encouragesb.todosth.固定搭配，鼓励某人做某事，它的否定形式是在不定式符号to的前面加not，即nottodosth.。结合选项，可知B选项符合题意，故答案选B。8.It’squitea_______thatyoucan’tgotothegreatconcert.A.worry B.trouble C.surprise D.shame【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：你不能去听这场大型的音乐会真是太遗憾了。考查名词辨析。worry担忧；trouble麻烦；surprise吃惊；shame遗憾。根据“thatyoucan’tgotothegreatconcert.”可知，对方不能去听这场大型的音乐会，应该是感到遗憾。故选D。9.Thedoctorssaidthattheywere________doingwhattheymustdo.A.especially B.mostly C.luckily D.simply【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：医生们说他们只是在做他们必须做的事情。考查副词辨析。especially尤其；mostly通常；luckily幸运地；simply只是、简单地、仅仅。根据句意可知，此处指的应是医生们说他们只是在做他们必须做的事情，应用副词simply修饰动词doing。故选D。10.HowlonghasMr.Wanglivedhere?_________2010.A.In B.For C.On D.Since【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：王先生住在这里多长时间了？自从2010年起。in在…里面；在一段时间之后，和一般将来时态搭配；for跟一段时间；on在…上面；在具体的日期前面；since自从某个时间开始一直到现在，表示的是一段时间，常和现在完成时态搭配。句中疑问词Howlong是提问一段时间的，而且用的是现在完成时态，故选D。11.________haburgersarejunkfood,manychildrenstilllikethem.A.If B.Unless C.Because D.Although【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：虽然汉堡包是垃圾食品，但是很多孩子们还是喜欢他们。if如果，引导条件状语从句；unless除非，如果不，引导条件状语从句；because因为，引导原因状语从句；although虽然，引导让步状语从句。根据句意可知，这两句话之间是转折的关系，故应选D。12.I_________thebookaweekago,butI_________ittoNancy.A.havelent;returnedB.haveborrowed;returnC.borrowed;havereturnedD.lent;returned【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我一周前借的这本书，但是我已经把它还给南希了。考查动词的时态。第一句话中“aweekago”表示过去的时间，应与一般过去时态搭配，lend“借”，强调借出去，borrow“借”，强调借进来，这里表达的是借进来，故应用borrowed；第二个空表示“已经归还”，应用现在完成时态。故选C。13.—I________mybestfriendyesterdaymorning.—Whynotcallherupandsaysorrytoher?A.dependedon B.lookedforC.hungoutwith D.arguedwith【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：——昨天上午我和我最好的朋友吵架了。——为什么不给她打，对她说对不起。A.dependedon取决于；B.lookedfor寻找；C.hungoutwith和闲逛；D.arguedwith和吵架；根据Whynotcallherupandsaysorrytoher?可知是吵架；故选D14.一DoyouknowHongKongZhuhaiMacaoBridge（港珠澳大桥）?Yes,itis____crossseabridgeintheworld.A.thelonger B.longest C.thelongest D.longer【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意“你知道港珠澳大桥吗？知道，它是世界上最长的跨海大桥”。A.形容词的比较级，比较级前一般不加the，但是在“the+比较级，the+比较级”以及“the+比较级ofthetwo”两个结构中，比较级前加the；B.形容词的最高级；C.形容词的最高级；D.形容词的比较级。根据intheworld可知，用最高级，排除A和D；且形容词最高级前必须加the，故选C。15.Mountainclimbersoftenrisktheirlivesandchallenge________inthefaceofdifficulties.A.himself B.themselves C.herself D.itself【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：登山者们经常冒着生命危险，在困难面前挑战自己。考查代词辨析。himself他自己；themselves他们自己，她们自己，它们自己；herself她自己；itself它自己。根据“Mountainclimbersoftenrisktheirlivesandchallenge…”可知主语“Mountainclimbers”表示“登山者们”，是复数，故用反身代词“他们自己”。故选B。Ⅶ.交际运用根据对话内容，运用所给的句子选项补全对话。选项中有一项是多余的。A:Hi,Gina!I’mwritingareportaboutSouthChinatigers.Couldyoutellmesomethingaboutthem?B:Sure.____16____A:HowbigisanadultSouthChinatiger?B:Anadultisabout2.3meterslongandweighsabout120~150kg.A:____17____B:TheyliveintheforestsinthesouthofChina.Butit’shardtofindwildSouthChinatigersnow.____18____A:____19____B:Becauseofhumanactivities,theforestsaregettingsmallerandsmaller.Theycan’tfindenoughfood.A:That’stoobad.____20____B:Yes.AndthescientistsaredoingresearchtobetterunderstandthelivinghabitsofSouthChinatigers.A.Wheredotheylive?B.HowlongcanSouthChinatigerslive?C.TheChinesegovernmentistryingtosavethem,right?D.Feelfreetoaskmeanythingaboutthem.E.Whyaretheyendangered?F.ThereareonlysomeSouthChinatigerslivinginzoos.【答案】16.D17.A18.F19.E20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇对话。A和B主要围绕华南虎展开对话。【16题详解】根据“I’mwritingareportaboutSouthChinatigers.Couldyoutellmesomethingaboutthem?”和“Sure.”可知，空处B应是答应告诉A关于华南虎的信息。选项D“请随意问我有关它们的任何问题。”符合语境。故选D。【17题详解】根据“TheyliveintheforestsinthesouthofChina.”可知，空处A应是询问B华南虎的居住地。选项A“它们住在哪里？”符合语境。故选A。【18题详解】根据“Butit’shardtofindwildSouthChinatigersnow.”可知，现在很难找到野生的华南虎，空处B应进一步说明，且与华南虎难找有关。选项F“目前只有一小部分华南虎生活在动物园中。”符合语境。故选F。【19题详解】根据前文和“Becauseofhumanactivities,theforestsaregettingsmallerandsmaller.”可知，空处应是询问华南虎难找的原因。选项E“为什么它们濒临灭绝？”符合语境。故选E。【20题详解】根据“Yes.AndthescientistsaredoingresearchtobetterunderstandthelivinghabitsofSouthChinatigers.”可知，空处内容与帮助华南虎有关。选项C“中国政府正在尽力救他们，是吗？”符合语境。故选C。VIII.完型填空。Itwasnoteasytolearndifferentkindsofmusicalinstrumentswellatthesametime.IstillrememberedwhenItookmypianolessons,mymothersaid____21____tomyfather,“Whyhasn’themadeanyprogresswithsomuchpractice?”Itriedtoplaythe____22____better.However,myparentsnevergotastrongfeelingof____23____withmypianoperformance.Fromthenon,Ididn’tplayanymusicalinstrument____24____myoldfriendLarryinvitedmetoplaytheviolinwithhimwhenIwas60.Itmademe____25____thejoyofplayingmusicagain.Oneday,Larryaskedmeto____26____aviolinperformancewithhim.Atfirst,thinkingofmypast,Iwantedto____27____.IexpectedtohearhiswordsthatIwouldbeemoreskilled(熟练的)with____28____,buthesaid,“OK,____29____playifyouwantto,”Iwasshockedbytheunexpected____30____.Infact,nobodymademedoit,soIhadtomakea____31____bymyself.Iwaswillingtocatchthechance(机会)thistime.Afteralongandcareful____32____,IplayedtheviolinwithLarry.ThoughIdidn’tloseallmynervousness,itwasenoughformetooveremyfear.Finally,Iofferedafullperformance____33____theaudience(观众).Larryhelpedmenotonlyin____34____,butonallsidesofmylife.WheneverIpaidattentiontowhatIwantedtodo,____35____usuallytooktheplaceoffear.21.A.happily B.surprisedly C.worriedly D.excitedly22.A.piano B.violin C.drum D.guitar23.A.sadness B.fear C.love D.satisfaction24.A.until B.if C.when D.although25.A.lose B.share C.enjoy D.imagine26.A.eupwith B.takepartin C.setup D.putoff27.A.refuse B.reply C.try D.pass28.A.money B.mind C.luck D.practice29.A.even B.hardly C.never D.only30.A.experience B.answer C.attention D.change31.A.decision B.progress C.mistake D.face32.A.invitation B.preparation C.vacation D.education33.A.nextto B.atthebackof C.infrontof D.insteadof34.A.music B.danger C.English D.order35A.health B.hope C.joy D.future【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.A25.C26.B27.A28.D29.D30.B31.A32.B33.C34.A35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在作者学习乐器的过程中，朋友拉里对自己的影响：关注自己想要做的事情，勇气通常会取代恐惧。【21题详解】句意：我还记得当我学钢琴时，我的母亲担忧地对我父亲说，“他练习这么多为什么没有进步呢？”happily高兴地；surprisedly惊讶地；worriedly担忧地；excitedly兴奋地。根据“‘Whyhasn’themadeanyprogresswithsomuchpractice?’”可知，母亲对父亲说这句话时应是担忧的。故选C。【22题详解】句意：我努力将钢琴弹得更好。piano钢琴；violin小提琴；drum鼓；guitar吉他。根据前文“IstillrememberedwhenItookmypianolessons…”可知，此处指的应是将钢琴弹得更好。故选A。【23题详解】句意：然而，我的父母对我的钢琴表现从未有过强烈的满意感。sadness悲伤；fear恐惧；love爱；satisfaction满足。根据“Fromthenon,Ididn’tplayanymusicalinstrument…”可知，父母对作者的钢琴表现应是从未有过强烈的满意感，因此从那时起，作者再也没有弹奏过任何乐器……。故选D。【24题详解】句意：从那时起，我再也没有弹奏过任何乐器，直到60岁时我的老朋友拉里邀请我一起演奏小提琴。until直到；if如果；when当……时；although虽然。根据“Ididn’tplayanymusicalinstrument…myoldfriendLarryinvitedmetoplaytheviolinwithhimwhenIwas60.”可知，此处应用until引导时间状语从句。故选A。【25题详解】句意：这让我重新享受到了演奏音乐的快乐。lose失去；share分享；enjoy享受；imagine想象。根据语境和“…thejoyofplayingmusic”可知，此处指的是作者重新享受到了演奏音乐的快乐。故选C。【26题详解】句意：一天，拉里邀请我和他一起参加小提琴演出。eupwith想出；takepartin参加；setup建立；putoff推迟。根据后文可知，拉里是邀请作者和他一起参加小提琴演出。故选B。【27题详解】句意：起初，想到我的过去，我想拒绝。refuse拒绝；reply回复；try尝试；pass通过。根据前文和“Atfirst,thinkingofmypast,Iwantedto…”可知，作者过去学钢琴时在父母那获得了不好的经历，因此对于拉里的邀请他起初应是想拒绝。故选A。【28题详解】句意：我期望听到他说，通过练习，我会变得更加熟练。money钱；mind心；luck运气；practice练习。根据“Iwouldbeemoreskilled(熟练的)with…”可知，弹小提琴变得更加熟练应是通过练习。故选D。【29题详解】句意：但他说，“好的，只有你愿意才演奏。”even甚至；hardly几乎不；never从不；only只有。根据“Infact,nobodymademedoit,”可知，没有人强迫作者去参加小提琴表演，因此拉里对作者说的话应是只有作者愿意才演奏。故选D。【30题详解】句意：我被这个出乎意料的回答震惊了。experience经历；answer回答；attention注意力；change改变。根据“buthesaid,‘OK,onlyplayifyouwantto,’”可知，拉里说只有作者愿意才演奏，作者应是被这个出乎意料的回答震惊了。故选B。【31题详解】句意：事实上，没有人强迫我做任何事情，所以我必须自己做出决定。decision决定；progress进展；mistake错误；face面对。根据前文可知，拉里邀请作者一起参加小提琴表演且告诉他只有他愿意才演奏，因此没有人强迫作者，他必须自己做出决定是否参加表演。故选A。【32题详解】句意：经过长时间的认真准备，我和拉里一起演奏了小提琴。invitation邀请；preparation准备；vacation假期；education教育。根据“Afteralongandcareful…,IplayedtheviolinwithLarry.”可知，作者和拉里演奏小提琴前应是经过了长时间的认真准备。故选B。【33题详解】句意：最终，我在观众前面进行了一场完整的演出。nextto靠近；atthebackof在后面；infrontof在前面；insteadof代替。根据“Iofferedafullperformance…theaudience(观众).”可知，作者应是在观众前面进行了一场完整的演出。故选C。【34题详解】句意：拉里不仅在音乐上帮助了我，在我的生活方方面面都给予了帮助。music音乐；danger危险；English英语；order顺序。根据前文可知，作者在拉里帮助下在观众面前进行了一场完整的小提琴演出，因此他在音乐上帮助了作者。故选A。【35题详解】句意：每当我关注自己想要做的事情时，快乐通常会取代恐惧。health健康；hope希望；joy快乐；future未来。根据前文和“WheneverIpaidattentiontowhatIwantedtodo,…usuallytooktheplaceoffear.”可知，此处指的应是享受通常会取代恐惧。故选C。IX.阅读理解Asthe“DoubleReduction”policy(“双减”政策)cameoutonJuly24,2021,studentshavetimetodoafterschoolactivities.Wedidasurveyamong300studentsfromNo.6MiddleSchool.Thefollowingdiagram(表格)showsthesituationatpresent.Itisclearfromthesurveythatmoststudentshaveaproperplanfortheirafterschoolactivities.That’swhythestudentsandtheirparentssupportthepolicy.Itcanlowerstudentslearningstressandhelpstudentsbetterfocusontheirstudy.Also,studentscangetnewskillsfromtheactivitiesandmakemorefriends.However,someparentsworrythatthepolicywillleadtoworsegradesbecausestudentswillhavelesstimestudyandgetlesshelpfromafterschooltrainingclasses.Andtheycannolongerseetherankings(排名)aftereachexam.Itmakesthemguessandworriedaboutwhatleveltheirchildrenareat.Nomatterwhatpeoplethinkofthepolicy,ourgovernmenthopesstudentswillfacelessschoolworkpressurewiththehelpofit.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。36.________studentsinthesurveychoosetodraworpracticecalligraphyinafterschoolactivities.A.21 B.24 C.36 D.6037.Thesurveyfoundthatonly________ofstudentshelpdochores.A.7% B.8% C.12% D.20%38.Ofalltheafterschoolactivitieslistedinthesurvey,________isthemostpopular.A.watchingTV B.learningmusicC.playingsports D.chattingonline39.FromParagraph(段落)2wecaninfer(推断)thatmoststudentsandtheirparentsthinkthepolicy________.A.isawasteoftime B.isgoodforstudentsC.makesthemmoreworried D.makesnodifferencetotheirlives40.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.ThepolicycameoutonJune24,2021.B.Chattingonlinehasabadinfluenceonstudents.C.Afterschooltrainingclassesarebestchoiceformoststudents.D.Notallparentshavethesameagreementonthepolicy.【答案】36.B37.A38.C39.B40.D【解析】【导语】本文以表格的方式展示了双减后学生们的课后活动占比，对于双减政策家长有不同的看法。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据“Wedidasurveyamong300studentsfromNo.6MiddleSchool”及表格可知，300名学生中有8%学生选择画画和练习书法，300×8%=24，故选B。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据表格可知，7%的学生帮忙做家务，故选A。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据表格可知，做运动的占比最高，故选C。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据“That’swhythestudentsandtheirparentssupportthepolicy.”可知，大部分学生和家长认为双减政策对学生有好处，故选B。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据“However,someparentsworrythatthepolicywillleadtoworsegradesbecausestudentswillhavelesstimestudyandgetlesshelpfromafterschooltrainingclasses”可知，并不是所有家长都认为双减政策是好的，故选D。Oncetherewasateenageboywhowasknownasafastrunnerinhisvillage.Heonlycaredaboutwinningeveryraceandbeingmoresuccessful.Oneday,theboytookpartinarunningraceinhisvillage.Hewonthe200,100and50meterraceswithoutanyproblem.Hewasproud(骄傲)ofhimselfandreceivedgreatapplause(掌声).Buthisgrandfathersteppedinandchallengedhimtoaracewithtwounexpectedpetitors,anoldmanandablindgirl.Theboythoughtitwasunbelievablebutaccepted.Intherace,theboyfinishedfirst,whiletheoldmanandtheblindgirlwerestillatthestartingline.Withjoy,hewaved(挥)hishandsatthecrowd.Buttheykeptsilent.“Whyarepeoplenotcheeringformelikebefore?”heaskedhisgrandfather.“Starttheraceagainwiththem.Butthistime,allofyoushouldcrossthefinishlineatthesametime,”thegrandfatherreplied.Theboywassurprisedbutagreedtotherace.Duringthesecondrace,theboytookthehandsoftheoldmanandtheblindgirlandwalkedslowlywiththemtothefinishline.Thecrowdgavethemastandingapplause.Theboyaskedhisgrandfather,“Forwhomarethepeoplecheering?Isitforme,orthem?”Thegrandfathersmiledandsaid,“Thecrowddidnotcheerforanyoneofyou.Theycheeredforhowyouallrantheracetogether.”Facingtheraceoflife,whatmattersisnotjustwinning,buthowyouruntherace.阅读短文，选择最佳答案。41.Whatdidtheboydowhenhisgrandfatherchallengedhimtotherace?A.Herefusedtotakepartintherace.B.Hethoughtitwasstrangebutagreedtorace.C.Hekeptsilentanddidn’tthinkitwasarealrace.D.Hethoughthisgrandfatherlookeddownonhim.42.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“petitors”mean?A.Peoplewhohelpyouwinthepetition.B.Peoplewhopeteagainstyouinthepetition.C.Peoplewhooffertoolstoyouinthepetition.D.Peoplewhocheeryouupinthepetition.43.Howmanyracesdidtheboytakepartinthatday?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. D.Six.44.Whichistherightorderofthefollowingevents?①Theboy’sgrandfathersteppedinwithanoldmanandablindgirl.②Theboywonmanyracesandwasproudofhimself.③Peopledidn’tgivetheboyapplausewhenhewontherace.④Theboywalkedslowlywiththeoldmanandthegirltofinishtheline.A.①②④③B.②①③④C.②①④③D.③②①④45.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusinthisstory?A.Winningracesistheonlysecretofsuccess.B.Workinghardineverypetitionleadstofinalsuccess.C.Theimportanceofhavingunexpectedpetitorsinarace.D.Knowinghowweruntheraceoflifeismoreimportantthanwinningtheraceitself.【答案】41.B42.B43.C44.B45.D【解析】【导语】本文讲述了一个年轻男孩在比赛中获胜后，通过与一位老人和一位盲女一起参加比赛，学会了团结合作的重要性。他明白了在人生的比赛中，重要的不仅仅是获胜，更重要的是如何去参与比赛。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据“Buthisgrandfathersteppedinandchallengedhimtoaracewithtwounexpectedpetitors,anoldmanandablindgirl.Theboythoughtitwasunbelievablebutaccepted.”可知男孩接受了祖父的挑战。故选B。【42题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Buthisgrandfathersteppedinandchallengedhimtoaracewithtwounexpectedpetitors,anoldmanandablindgirl.”可知祖父向男孩发起挑战，对手是一个老人和一个盲女；“petitor”意为“竞争者，对手”。故选B。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据“Hewonthe200,100and50meterraceswithoutanyproblem.”和“Intherace,theboyfinishedfirst”以及“Duringthesecondrace”可知男孩一共参加了5次比赛。故选C。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据“Hewonthe200,100and50meterraceswithoutanyproblem.Hewasproud(骄傲)ofhimselfandreceivedgreatapplause(掌声).”可知首先是男孩赢得了很多比赛，他为自己感到骄傲；根据“Buthisgrandfathersteppedinandchallengedhimtoaracewithtwounexpectedpetitors,anoldmanandablindgirl.”可知，然后是祖父发起挑战；根据“Withjoy,hewaved(挥)hishandsatthecrowd.Buttheykeptsilent.”可知接下来是男孩赢得比赛时，人们没有给他掌声；根据“Duringthesecondrace,theboytookthehandsoftheoldmanandtheblindgirlandwalkedslowlywiththemtothefinishline.”可知最后是在第二场比赛中，男孩牵着老人和盲女的手，慢慢地和他们一起走到终点线，正确的顺序是②①③④，故选B。【45题详解】主旨大意题。根据“Facingtheraceoflife,whatmattersisnotjustwinning,buthowyouruntherace.”可知面对生命的赛跑，重要的不仅仅是胜利，还有你如何跑这场比赛。故选D。SinceshewonBestNewActressattheageof8atthe31stHundredFlowersAwards(大众电影百花奖),ittookZhangZifeng14yearstogrowfromachildstarto“bestactress”.OnMay23,ZhangwontheBestActressAwardforthe19thHuabiaoFilmAwards(中国电影华表奖)forthefilmSister.Bornin2001,the21yearoldbecametheyoungest—everactresstowintheaward.InthefilmSister,ZhangplayedtheleadingroleofagirlnamedAnRan.Anlostherparentsandhastodecidewhethertogoafterherowndreamofbeingadoctororraiseheryoungerbrother.Forthisrole,Zhangcutherlonghair,learnedtheSichuandialect(方言)andexperienceddailyworkinahospitalforalongtime.Shefullybringsoutstrongsidesoftheroleandherlifestruggles(挣扎).Zhang’sloveforactingandhardworkstartedwhenshewasayoungchild.Whileotherkidswereouthavingfun,shespentherfreetimereadingscripts(剧本).Shethencreatedmanyrolesthathavemadepeoplerememberher,includingthesadgirlinAftershock(《唐山大地震》)andthekillerinDetectiveChinatown(《唐人街探案》).Now,theroleofAnhasrewarded(回报)herhardwork.“MyAnRanmayhavefoundthefutureshewanted.”Zhangsaidwhenreceivingtheaward,“andI’llalsogofurtherwithmyloveforfilms.”根据短文，判断正(T)误(F)。46.WhenZhangwas14yearsold,shewonHundredFlowersAwards.47.Zhangwasfamousasachildstar.48.BeforeZhangplayedtheroleofAnRan,shedidn’tknowSichuandialect.49.PeoplerememberZhangonlybecauseofthefilmSister.50.Zhangwillgofurtherwithherloveforfilms.【答案】46.F47.T48.T49.F50.T【解析】【导语】本文主要对女星张子枫进行了介绍。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“SinceshewonBestNewActressattheageof8atthe31stHundredFlowersAwards”可知，张在8岁的时候获得了百花奖的最佳新人奖。故选F。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ittookZhangZifeng14yearstogrowfromachildstarto‘bestactress’”可知，张子枫曾经以童星而出名。故选T。【48题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Forthisrole,Zhangcutherlonghair,learnedtheSichuandialect(方言)andexperienceddailyworkinahospitalforalongtime.可知，张不会说四川方言。故选T。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Shethencreatedmanyrolesthathavemadepeoplerememberher,includingthesadgirlinAftershock(《唐山大地震》)andthekillerinDetectiveChinatown(《唐人街探案》)”可知，张除了《妹妹》还有《唐山大地震》和《唐人街探案》中的角色让人记住。故选F。【50题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“Zhangsaidwhenreceivingtheaward,‘andI’llalsogofurtherwithmyloveforfilms.’”可知，张也会带着对电影的热爱走得更远。故选T。Youhavelotsofthingsyou'dliketodo.Butsometimesit'shardtogettothefinishlinejustlikeyourgoal.Howcanyoubreakyourbadhabitsanddevelopgoodones?___51___Hereareafewopinionsweoftengetfromkids,followedbyideasthatmighthelp.●Ican'tgetawayfromscreens.___52___IfyouusuallyspendtimelyingonthesofaandwatchingTVprogramsoravideowhenyou'rebored,gosomewhereelseinstead.Takeabooktoyourroomoryourviolintothebackyard.Oraskifyoucanhelpcookinthekitchen.●___53___Startwith"showingup."Thentakeonesmallstepordoonetinytask,followedbyanotherandanother.Forexample,howdoIpracticethepiano?Firstsitatit.Thenplayonenoteatatime.Startingwithasupersimplestepoftenhelps.Why?It'seasy,quick,andgetsyouinaction.___54___●Ihavenotime.Takealookatthechoicesyoumakeabouthowyouspendtime.Dothosechoicesshowwhat'simportanttoyou?Canyouspare10minutesadaytoworkonagoal?Let'ssupposeyouwanttobesinger.___55___Talkwithaparentaboutwhyyourgoalcounts.Discusswhetheryoucanletgoofsomethinglessimportanttofreeuptimetoachieveit.A.Thenkeeptakingsteps.B.Ican'tstartsuchahugegoal.C.Andhowcanyoutrytoreachyourgoals?D.Tochangeahabit,trychangingwhereyouspendyourtime.E.Isitmoreimportanttopracticesingingthanplayvideogames?【答案】51.C52.D53.B54.A55.E【解析】【分析】生活中我们有很多想做的事情，但有时候却很难到达终点。怎样才能改掉坏习惯，养成好习惯呢？文章中列举了一些学生们不好的习惯，并对如何改掉这些习惯提出了建议。【51题详解】上句话“Howcanyoubreakyourbadhabitsanddevelopgoodones?”提出问题，下句话“Hereareafewopinionsweoftengetfromkids,followedbyideasthatmighthelp.”引出文章主旨。C选项也提出了问题，与上面的问题衔接，符合语境。故选C。【52题详解】根据下句话“IfyouusuallyspendtimelyingonthesofaandwatchingTVprogramsoravideowhenyou'rebored,gosomewhereelseinstead.”可知，想要改掉总是躺在沙发上看电视的习惯，就去别的地方。D选项“要改变一种习惯，试着改变你花费时间的地方”符合语境，故选D。【53题详解】根据下文“Startwith"showingup."Thentakeonesmallstepordoonetinytask,followedbyanotherandanother.”可知，这个是建议学生们从“到场”开始，然后完成一个小任务，接着再做另一件、另一件。由此可猜测，这个做法应该是针对那些不能完成一个大目标的学生的。故选B。【54题详解】根据语境“Startingwithasupersimplestepoftenhelps.Why?It'seasy,quick,andgetsyouinaction.”可知，先从简单的步骤开始，接下来要继续采取步骤，一步一步，最后才能实现目标。A选项符合语境，故选A。【55题详解】根据上文“Takealookatthechoicesyoumakeabouthowyouspendtime.Dothosechoicesshowwhat'simportanttoyou?Canyouspare10minutesadaytoworkonagoal?”可知，这个建议是看看你如何支配时间，这些选择是否表明什么对你来说是重要的？这里用想成为歌手举例，那就要问问自己“是练习唱歌重要，还是玩游戏重要”，E选项符合语境，故选E。DoyouthinkyouknowallthereistoknowaboutSpiderMan?ThemovieSpiderMan:IntotheSpiderVerse(《蜘蛛侠：平行宇宙》)cameoutinChinesemainlandtheatersonDec.21.Itshowsusadifferentsideofthissuperhero.Onehighlight(亮点)ofthefilmisthatthereismorethanoneSpiderMan.Inadditionto(除……以外)PeterParker,thereisanotheryoungerSpiderMan—MilesMorales.HeisahighschoolstudentwhoParkertrainstobeasuperhero.ThereisalsoSpiderGwen,agirlsuperhero,aswellasSpiderHam—he’sapig.Thesecharactersliveindifferentparalleluniverses(平行宇宙)andexperiencedifferentthings.Forexample,PeterParkerisinhis40sinthisfilm.Hiswifelefthimandhebeesverysad.MilesMoralesfindsithardtogetalongwithothersatschoolbecausehehasanAfricanAmericanfather.PeoplethinkMilesisdifferentfromthem.Theytraveltoeachother’suniversesbyusingaspecialmachine.However,nomatterhowdifferentthesecharactersare,theyhavethesamegoal—toworktogetherandfightagainstKingpin,themovie’svillain.Varietysaidthatthemoviecreates“awonderfulworldwhereprettymuchanybodycanbethesuperhero...evenyou”.Themovieshowsthatallofuscanbesuperheroesinourownlivesifwearebraveenough.阅读短文，回答问题。56.WhatdoesPeterParkertrainMilesMoralestobe?________________________________________________________________________57.Inthemovie,doesPeterParkerliveahappylife?________________________________________________________________________58.WhydopeopleatschoolthinkMilesisdifferent?________________________________________________________________________59.Howdothesuperheroestraveltoeachother’suniverses?________________________________________________________________________60.Accordingtothemovie,whatkindofpersoncanbeasuperheroinourownlives?________________________________________________________________________【答案】56.PeterParkertrainMilesMoralestobeasuperhero.57.No,hedoesn’t.58.BecausehehasanAfricanAmericanfather.59.Theytraveltoeachother’suniversesbyusingaspecialmachine.60.Allofuscanbesuperheroesinourownlivesifwearebraveenough.【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了《蜘蛛侠：平行宇宙》这部电影。【56题详解】根据“Inadditionto(除……以外)PeterParker,thereisanotheryoungerSpiderMan—MilesMorales.HeisahighschoolstudentwhoParkertrainstobeasuperhero”可知，MilesMorales被Parker训练成超级英雄。故填PeterParkertrainMilesMoralestobeasuperhero.【57题详解】根据“PeterParkerisinhis40sinthisfilm.Hiswifelefthimandhebeesverysad”可知，PeterParker的妻子离开了他，他变得非常悲伤，故他过得不开心。故填No,hedoesn’t.【58题详解】根据“MilesMoralesfindsithardtogetalongwithothersatschoolbecausehehasanAfricanAmericanfather.PeoplethinkMilesisdifferentfromthem”可知，Miles有一个非裔美国人的父亲，故学校的人们认为他是不同的。故填BecausehehasanAfricanAmericanfather.【59题详解】根据“Theytraveltoeachother’suniversesbyusingaspecialmachine”可知，他们通过一种特殊的机器进入彼此的宇宙。故填Theytraveltoeachother’suniversesbyusingaspecialmachine.【60题详解】根据“Themovieshowsthatallofuscanbesuperheroesinourownlivesifwearebraveenough”可知，这部电影表明，如果我们足够勇敢，我们所有人都可以在自己的生活中成为超级英雄。故填Allofuscanbesuperheroesinourownlivesifwearebraveenough.短文填空。阅读下列短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内所给词的适当形式填空。Ourliveswouldnotbethesamewithoutbees(蜜峰).Beeshelpplantsgrow.Manyoftheseplantsprovide____61____(we)withfood.Whatwouldhappen____62____therewerenobees?Wecan’tgetourfavoritefruitorvegetables.Butnowthenumberofbeesgetsmuch____63____(small).Scientistsworrythatbeesmaydieoff.Thenwhatcanwedo____64____(solve)thisproblem?Onewayistomakeourgardensfriendlytobees.A____65____(success)beegardenshouldhaveflowersfromspringtofallsothatbeeshaveenoughfood.Manypeoplebelievethatallbeesliveinhives(蜂巢).____66____fact,somebeesdigintotheground.Whenyouareworking