2025届高考英语一轮复习 人教版（2019）选择性必修 第四册 Unit 3 Sea Exploration课件

选择性必修第四册UNIT3

SEAEXPLORATION

★每日早晚必背▶单元话题写作(山西省晋城市2022年高三第二次模拟考试)假定你是李华,你的留学生朋友Peter想给家人买一些具有中国特色的礼物,特发邮件向你征求建议。请你回复一封邮件。内容包括:1.推荐礼物(至少两种);2.说明理由。▶丰富的句式结构1.Undoubtedly,BingDwenDwen,themascotofthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicGames,isamust.(同位语对名词进一步解释并说明其具体内容)

2.Featuringcuteappearance,thismascotshapedlikeapandahasenjoyedanincreasingpopularityathomeandabroad.(现在分词短语作状语)

3.Besides,youshouldn’tmissChineseknots,whichcarrythemeaningof“tounite”andcanbeusedfordecoration.(which引导非限制性定语从句)

▶佳文背诵DearPeter,LearningthatyouwanttobuysomegiftswithChinesecharacteristicsforyourfamily,I’mwillingtooffersomeadvice.Undoubtedly,BingDwenDwen,themascotofthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicGames,isamust.Featuringcuteappearance,thismascotshapedlikeapandahasenjoyedanincreasingpopularityathomeandabroad.Besides,youshouldn’tmissChineseknots,whichcarrythemeaningof“tounite”andcanbeusedfordecoration.Inaddition,BeijingOperamasks,whichcanarousepeople’sinterestinBeijingOpera,arealsoagreatchoice.Ihopemysuggestionsarehelpfultoyou.Ifyouwantmetoaccompanyyoutoselectandbuythesegifts,pleasewritetome.Yours,LiHua★课前语基夯实▶高频重点词汇◎核心词汇

会运用1.

vt.扩展;使伸长;延长

2.

vt.商定;达成(协议)

vi.谈判;磋商;协商3.

vi.&vt.(使)撤回;撤离

4.

n.纽带;关系

vt.&vi.增强信任关系;使牢固结合extend

negotiate

withdrawbond

5.

n.职业;行业

6.

n.混合;结合体;混合物

7.

n.新闻报道;覆盖范围

8.

vt.&vi.

鼓掌vt.称赞;赞赏

9.

n.胶囊;太空舱

10.

vt.谋杀;凶杀;毁坏

n.谋杀;凶杀11.

n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠

12.

n.个人财产;拥有;控制

13.

n.逮捕;拘留;中止

vt.逮捕;拘留;阻止profession

mixture

coverageapplaud

capsule

murder

mercypossession

arrest【语境活用】根据汉语意思填写单词1.We’vedecidedto____________(谈判)withtheemployersaboutourwageissue.

2.Ourplayingfields____________(扩展)asfarasthosetrees.

3.(2020·全国高考卷Ⅰ)Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatour____________(关系)withtheworkisbasedonourpresentmentalregister.4.Mr.Smithisaleadingmemberofthemedical____________(行业).

5.Suddenly,Ifoundmyselfcontrolledbya____________(混合)ofexcitementandfear.

negotiate

extend

bondprofession

mixture

6.Amorecomplete____________(覆盖)ofHalloweencustomscanbefoundatHalloweentraditions.

7.Theaudienceroseto____________(鼓掌)thespeakerattheendofthisinspiringspeech.

8.ARussianspace____________(太空舱)iscurrentlyorbitingtheEarth.

9.Thekindcommandershowed____________(宽恕)totheprisonersofwar.

10.Itriedtocomforthimafterhewasdefeatedbyhis____________(对手).

coverageapplaud

capsule

mercy

opponent◎拓展词汇

能提升1.____________vt.

扩展;使伸长;延长→____________n.延伸;扩大;延长期→____________adj.广阔的;大规模的;广泛的

2.____________vt.

商定;达成(协议)vi.谈判;磋商;协商→____________n.谈判;协商→____________n.

谈判代表;协商者

3.____________vi.&vt.(使)撤回;撤离→____________n.

撤走;收回

4.____________n.

政治;政治观点→____________adj.

政治的;政府的→____________adv.

政治上→____________n.政治家;政客

extendextensionextensive

negotiatenegotiationnegotiator

withdrawwithdrawal

politicspoliticalpoliticallypolitician5.____________n.职业;行业→____________adj.职业的;专业的n.专业人士;职业选手→____________n.教授

6.____________n.混合;结合体;混合物→____________vi.&vt.(使)混合;(使)掺和;(使)融合→____________adj.混合的;混杂的

7.____________n.新闻报道;覆盖范围→____________vt.覆盖;报道;涉及

n.封面

8.____________vt.&vi.

鼓掌vt.

称赞;赞赏→____________n.

鼓掌;掌声;喝彩

9.____________n.迁移;迁徙;移居→____________v.迁移;迁徙→____________n.移居者;移民professionprofessionalprofessor

mixturemixmixed

coveragecover

applaudapplause

migration;migratemigrant10.___________vt.开发;利用;剥削→___________n.开采;开发;利用;剥夺

11.___________vt.谋杀;凶杀;毁坏n.谋杀;凶杀→___________n.谋杀犯

12.____________n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠→____________adj.仁慈的;宽大的→____________adj.无情的;残忍的

13.____________n.[usuallypl.]个人财产;拥有;控制→____________vt.拥有;占有;具有

14.____________n.反对者;对手;竞争者→____________vt.反对;抵制→____________adj.反对的;截然不同的

exploitexploitation

murdermurderer

mercymercifulmercilesspossessionpossess

opponentopposeopposed【语境活用】使用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Wehadhopedforthe

(extend)ofthedeadlinetotheendoftheweek.

2.HeisthelastmanIwant

(negotiate)with.

3.Governmentsubsidies(补贴)andtariffs(关税)onfarmproductshavelongbeen

(political)controversial.

4.Thetournamentisopentoamateursaswellas____________________

(professional).

extension

tonegotiate

politicallyprofessionals

5.Thetalkwasconductedina

(mix)ofEnglish,RussianandFrench.

6.Itreferstosomethingthatis

(mercy)makesyoufeelgratefulandluckybecauseitpreventsorendssomethingbad.

7.Theyarewillingtogiveuptheirentire

(possess).

8.Heremainedstrongly

(oppose)totheideaofmovingabroad.9.Theaudiencebrokeintothunderous

(applaud)attheendofthelecture.

10.When

(migrant)arriveinthecountry,theyfaceaworldthatcanbeconfusinginmanyways.

mixture

mercifulpossessions

opposed

applausemigrants▶高频短语串记◎单元短语再现setsail;inaleagueofone’sown;withdrawfrom;inhand;pressconference;reachout;findone’sway;underthecommandof;forthebenefitof;berelatedto【语境活用】选用前面短语的适当形式填空1.WiththeintroductionoftheInternet,wecan

toourfriendsbyemail.

2.Companieswererunsustainably

managementandemployees.

reachout

forthebenefitof

3.Thethemeofthedialogueshould

thethemeofthereadingpassage.

4.Don’tbothertomeetmeatthestation.I’msureI’llbeableto

toyourhouse.

5.Theemployeesareworking

theemployeratthemoment.

6.Abird

isworthtwointhebush.

7.Hehadthegoodsenseto

theelectioncontest.

8.Athousandboats

onalongstretchoftheriver.

berelatedto

findmyway

underthecommandof

inhand

withdrawfromsetsail▶重点句型仿写

背原句明句型巧仿写Here,merchantsfromChinaandmanyotherplacesmettonegotiatetradedeals,whichalsoledtomoreawarenessofeachother’scultures.在这里,来自中国和其他许多地方的商人聚在一起谈判贸易协议,这也让人们对彼此的文化有了更多的了解。which引导的非限制性定语从句1.Sheheardaterriblenoise,________________________intohermouth.

她听到可怕的声音,这让她把心都提到嗓子眼了。whichbroughtherheart背原句明句型巧仿写AlthoughChinawithdrewfromfurtherexpeditionsafter1433,theselandandsearoutesremainedactivechannelsbetweenotherculturesforcenturies.尽管中国在1433年之后退出了进一步的远征,但这些陆海通道在几个世纪里仍然是其他文化之间活跃的通道。although引导的状语从句,不能和but连用2.Heinsistedondoingit______________________.

虽然我警告他不要做,但是他坚持做。althoughIwarnedhimnotto背原句明句型巧仿写Inrecentyears,ChinahasjoinedothernationsonseveralexpeditionstoexploretheArctic.近年来,中国与其他国家一起进行了几次北极探险。时间状语为“inrecentyears”时,句子的时态用现在完成时3.Regulators________________________inrecentyears.

近些年来,监管机构采取过类似的举措。havemadesimilarmoves背原句明句型巧仿写Butifweburnthese,theicewillmeltmoreandthisnegativecyclewillcontinue.但如果我们烧掉这些,冰就会融化更多,这样的恶性循环就会继续下去。if引导的条件句,时态上遵循“主将从现”4.You_________________ifyoustudyhard.

如果你努力学习,就会取得好成绩。willgetgoodgrades★考点多维突破▶词汇精磨1.mixture

n.混合;结合体;混合物【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Sheputthesugarintothecoffeeand

(mix)themupwithaspoon.

(2)Bothofthelandissurroundedbya

(mix)offarmlandandforest.

(3)Butnoteveryoneishappyabout

(mix)highartandfastfood.

【答案】(1)mixed

(2)mixture

(3)mixing【再精写】微写作(4)我们不断进行实验,直至将所需颜色调配成功。Wecontinuallyexperimenteduntil

.

【答案】(4)wesucceededinmixingtherightcolour【归纳拓展】

(1)a

mixture

of…

……的混合a

mixture

of

fear

and

excitement既兴奋又恐惧(2)mix

vt.&vi.混合;调配mix

with…

与……混合/融合mix

A

and/with

B

把A和B混合/融合mix

up

混淆;弄乱;使糊涂(3)mixed

adj.混合的;混杂的mixed

feelings复杂的情感2.applaud

vt.&vi.鼓掌

vt.称赞;赞赏【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Theaudienceatthestadiumsuddenlyleapedtotheirfeetandbegan

(applaud).

(2)Afterwhatseemedlikeahundredyears,Ifoundmylisteners

(applaud)loudly.

(3)Therewasagreatroundof

(applaud)whenthedanceended.

【答案】(1)toapplaud

(2)applauding

(3)applause【再精写】微写作(4)他的演讲赢得了听众的掌声。Hisspeech

.

(5)咱们为下一个表演者热烈鼓掌吧。Let’shave

thenextperformer.

【答案】(4)wontheapplauseoftheaudience(5)abig/goodroundofapplausefor【归纳拓展】

(1)applaud

loudly/warmly热烈鼓掌applaud

sb.for

sth.

赞赏某人某事applaud

sb.for

having

courage赞赏某人有勇气(2)applause

n.

鼓掌;喝彩a

big

round

of

applause

热烈鼓掌break/burst

into

thunderous

applause爆发出雷鸣般的掌声【名师点击】(1)applaudsb.forsth.表示“赞赏某人某事”,还可以写为praisesb.forsth.(2)和applaud变名词一样的单词还有:respond(response)和defend(defence/defense)。3.mercy

n.

仁慈;宽恕;恩惠【先精练】单句语法填空(1)The

(mercy)kingsavedtheyoungofficersfromdeath.

(2)Giveusthestrengthtoshowmercy

thosewhoaremerciless.

(3)Ihavemercy

you,butIcan’thelpyouthistime.

【答案】(1)merciful

(2)to

(3)on【再精写】微写作(4)南非的农民更容易受到大自然的摆布。FarmersinSouthAfricaaremore

.

(5)这位国王毫不留情地把他的意志强加于人民。TheKingwouldworkhiswillonthepeople

.

【答案】(4)atthemercyofnature

(5)withoutmercy【归纳拓展】

(1)have

mercy

on…

对……怜悯show

mercy

to…

对……怜悯at

the

mercy

of…在……的支配下;任由……摆布without

mercy毫不留情out

of

mercy出于怜悯(2)merciful

adj.

怜悯的;仁慈的;宽大的merciless

adj.

无情的;残忍的be

merciful/merciless

to…对……有/没有怜悯心4.possession

n.个人财产;拥有;控制【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Inmanystates,itisillegalforanyonetobein

(possess)offireworks,regardlessofage.

(2)Successcannotbemeasuredby

(possess)youhavemadeinlife.

(3)Heis

(possess)ofthemostbrillianttalents.

【答案】(1)possession

(2)possessions

(3)possessed【再精写】微写作(4)拥有良好的时间管理技巧的学生更可能在大学有好的表现。Students

aremorelikelytoperformwellinuniversities.

(5)现代建筑好像有地域特色。Itseemsthatthemodernarchitecture

regionalfeatures.

【答案】(4)inpossessionofgoodtime-managementskills(5)ispossessedof【归纳拓展】

(1)personal

possessions个人财产get/take/gain/have

possession

of拥有;占有be

in

possession

of占有;拥有;持有be

in

the

possession

of=be

in

sb’s

possession

为某人所有;在某人的控制下(2)possess

v.

拥有be

possessed

of具有(某品质、能力等)be

possessed

of

good

health

身体健康be

possessed

of

a

sense

of

humor有幽默感【名师点击】(1)inpossessionof意为“拥有……;占有……”,主语通常为表示人的词语;inthepossessionof意为“为某人所有”,主语通常为表示物的词语。Jennyisinpossessionofthehouse.=ThehouseisinthepossessionofJenny.珍妮拥有这所房子。(2)和上面类似用法的有inchargeof和inthechargeof。ThisclassisinthechargeofMr.Wang=Mr.Wangisinchargeofthisclass.王老师负责这个班。5.log

vt.把……载入正式记录;记录n.

正式记录;日志;原木【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Customerspaytolog

andchatwithotherusers.

(2)

(log)companieswouldhavetoleaveacentralareaoftheforestbeforetheendoftheyear.

(3)Iregrettotellyouthatthesystemisunable

(log)youon.

【答案】(1)on

(2)Logging

(3)tolog【再精写】微写作(4)当员工登录自己的电脑时,他们会看到某位同事的照片并要求他们猜出名字。Whenemployees

totheircomputers,they’reshownapictureofoneoftheircoworkersandaskedtoguessthatperson’sname.

(5)另一方面,各种法律法规需要公司保留日志。Ontheotherhand,variouslawsandregulationsrequirebusinessesto

.

【答案】(4)login/on

(5)keeplogs【归纳拓展】

(1)log

in/on登录;进入(计算机系统)log

out/off注销;退出(计算机系统)(2)keep

a

log记日记(尤指航海/飞行日记)(3)logging

company伐木公司【名师点击】表示“记日记”的短语有:keepalog;keepadiary;keepajournal。6.arrest

n.逮捕;拘留;中止vt.逮捕;拘留;阻止【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Themanagedtwentyhasbeen

arrestforayear.

(2)Toouramazement,thegirl

(arrest)fordrug-relatedoffences.

(3)Theyfailed

(arrest)thecompany’sdecline.

【答案】(1)under

(2)wasarrested

(3)toarrest【再精写】微写作(4)刚才明亮的灯光吸引了婴儿的注意力。Thebrightlights

justnow.

【答案】(4)arrestedthebaby’sattention【归纳拓展】

(1)arrest

sb.for

sth.因某事逮捕某人get

arrested被捕arrest

one’s

attention吸引某人的注意力(2)be

under

arrest被逮捕place/put

sb.under

arrest逮捕某人【名师点击】除了arrestone’sattention表示“吸引某人的注意力”外,下面这些短语也有同样的意思:attractone’sattention/drawone’sattention/catchone’sattention/catchone’seyes7.withdraw

from退出;撤回【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Theywillfaceariskofbeingrequestedtowithdraw

school.

(2)Thegovernment

(withdraw)worn

outmoneyfromuse.

(3)Hehasdecided

(withdraw)fromthecompetition.

【答案】(1)from

(2)withdraws(3)towithdraw【再精写】微写作(4)我想从我的银行账户里取出一些零用钱。Ifeellike

frommybankaccount.

【答案】(4)withdrawingsomepocketmoney【归纳拓展】

(1)withdraw

from

school退学withdraw

cash取现金(2)动词变名词withdraw→withdrawal

n.

撤退;收回;提款;取消;退股arrive→arrival

n.

到来;到达survive→survival

n.

幸存;残存;幸存者;残存物approve→approval

n.

批准;认可;赞成propose→proposal

n.

提议;建议;求婚▶句型精讲1.(教材P26)Here,merchants

from

China

and

many

other

places

met

to

negotiate

trade

deals,which

also

led

to

more

awareness

of

each

other’s

cultures.

在这里,来自中国和其他许多地方的商人聚在一起谈判贸易协议,这也让人们对彼此的文化有了更多的了解。【先精练】单句语法填空(1)(2021·北京卷)Then,anOICrepresentativegaveussomedetails,

somewhatinterestedme.

(2)Thereisagreatdealofoxygenaroundus,without

wecannotlive.

(3)Aftergraduation,IdecidedtostayinChongqing,

Ispentmychildhood.

【答案】(1)which

(2)which

(3)where【再精写】微写作(4)这位老人渴望养一只宠物,这样能够陪伴着她。Theoldladywaseagertokeepapet,

.

【答案】(4)whichcouldkeephercompany【句法分析】

语法现象非限制性定语从句结构特点从句与主句之间有逗号隔开,独立存在,起补充说明的作用句式演变关系词不能由that引导,

“介词+关系代词”、关系副词均可以引导非限制性定语从句2.(教材P27)In

recent

years,China

has

joined

other

nations

on

several

expeditions

to

explore

the

Arctic.

近年来,中国与其他国家一起进行了几次北极探险。【先精练】单句语法填空(1)Overthepast40years,however,it

(become)aghostlydesert.

(2)(2021·浙江卷)Lincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfield,Illinois,

(prove)irresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublic.

【答案】(1)hasbecome

(2)hasproved【再精写】微写作(3)我们的家乡不再是过去的样子;在过去的二十年里发生了很大的变化。Ourhometownisnolongerwhatitusedtobe;

inthepasttwentyyears.

【答案】(3)greatchangeshavetakenplace【句法分析】

语法现象“in

recent

years”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语特点recently,

over

recent

years

等是现在完成时的标志性时间状语常考点(1)现在完成时常用的时间状语为:in/during/over

the

past/last

few+时间段;so

far;up

to

now;till

now;ever

since;over

the

years等(2)常用的句式还有:It/This/That

is

the

first

time

that…;Sb./Sth.

has/have

done…since…;It

has

been…since…等※真题长难句精讲精析(2020·北京卷)Instead,IagreewithOxford

University

philosopher

Nick

Bostrom,

who

believes

that

the

heaviest

risks

from

AGI

do

not

come

from

a

decision

to

turn

against

mankind

but

rather

from

a

dogged

pursuit

of

set

objectives

at

the

expense

of

everything

else.[句式解构]本句为who引导的

句,所修饰的Nick

Bostrom为从句中的

;定语从句中that引导的是

,且此从句中有关联短语

。

[句意翻译]______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________非限制性定语从句先行词宾语从句not…but…

相反,我同意牛津大学哲学家尼克·波斯托姆的观点,他认为通用人工智能最大的风险不是来自于反对人类的决定,而是来自以牺牲其他一切为代价对既定目标的执着追求。★能力优化集训▶课本回放◎语境填词tale;politics;channel;bond;atthemercyof;maritime;log;setsailThroughoutourhistory,wehavemany1.

ofmarvels,amongwhichI’dliketosharethestoryofthegreatnavigatorZhengHe.Therearealtogetherseven2.

affairs.In1406,healongwithhisteammatesincludingofficers,soldiersanddoctors3.________________

fromSuzhou,tales

maritime

setsailasouthcoastalcityinourcountryinsearchofnew4.

.Duringthenavigation,theysufferedalotfromviolentstorms.Theycontinuedsailingsouthwithgreatdetermination5.

typhoons.Atlast,theygotintouchwithmanycountries,andbuiltanumberof6.

ineconomy,culture,aswellas7.

withthem,whichwaslater8.

inthehistoryinmemoryoftheirgreatachievements.

channels

atthemercyof

bondspolitics

logged▶技能提升【语境辨义】根据语境写出黑体词的词性及含义1.Thecapitalistsexploittheworkersinordertomaximizeprofits.

2.Hemayevenbeelectedwithoutaseriousopponent.

3.Theotherdaythelocalschoolsformedafootballleague.

4.Manystudentshavetheintentionofjoiningthelegalprofession.

vt.剥削n.对手n.社团n.行业5.Agroupofchildrenbeheldabrightstarshininginthesky.

6.Allresultsaresignificanttotheresearchonthepopulationinmigrationprocess.

7.Soon,membersoftheroyalfamilyandotherwealthypeopletookupmotoringasasport.

8.Theflightwillbeannouncedsoon.Meanwhile,pleaseremainseated.

v.看见n.迁移adj.皇室的adv.在此期间▶写作空间◎佳句回眸1.(2020·北京卷)她的监测仪显示,接近地面的空气污染水平更高,这有助于