专题05 非谓语动词-【好题汇编】五年（2020-2024）高考英语真题分类汇编

【好题汇编】五年（2020-2024）高考英语真题分类汇编（全国通用）原卷版专题05非谓语动词第一部分：动词不定式考点五年考情（2020-2024）命题趋势考点1考查动词不定式短语作目的状语（5年9考）2024新课标I卷—t0give;2024浙江1月卷—tobenefit;2023全国甲卷—toteach;2022新课标I卷—toincrease;2022新课标II卷—tosee;2022新课标I卷--Tostrengthen;2021新课标II卷—toeducate;2021浙江卷—toplant;2020全国I卷—tofind;2020全国III卷--tofind;2020·浙江卷—tochange。1.考查动词不定式短语作目的状语，不定式多放在句首，后边多用逗号。2.考查动词不定式短语作定语，名词前有形容词或最高级。3.考查动词不定式短语作主语，多用于Ittakestimetodosth句型。4.考查动词不定式短语作宾语，需要牢记aim,threaten,agree,decide等动词常接动词不定式作宾语。5.考查动词不定式短语作宾语补足语用于allow,encourage,persuade等动词用于“动词+sbtodosth.”。6.考查动词不定式短语作原因状语，多用于“be+形容词+todo”句型。7.考查动词不定式主动形式被动意义，常用于“be+形容词+不定式”结构。考点2考查动词不定式短语作定语（5年2考）2022全国甲卷—tojourney;2022北京卷—toharm;2022北京卷—toinvest;2019·全国II卷--toretire。考点3考查动词不定式短语作主语（5年2考）2021全国甲卷—towalk;2020北京卷—tobreak。考点4考查动词不定式短语作宾语（5年2考）2024全国甲卷—tocatch;2023新课标I卷—tobite;2022新课标II卷—howtothank;2022浙江1月卷—plantocontinue;2021全国乙卷—aimtohave。考点5考查动词不定式短语作宾语补足语或原因状语（5年6考）2024新课标II卷—tofind;2022浙江卷—todo;2020浙江1月卷--toincrease.考点6考查动词不定式主动形式被动意义（5年1考）2020全国II卷—tocare。考点一：考查动词不定式短语作目的状语1.（2024新课标I卷）Thedesignfeaturestensteel“sepals(萼片)”madeofglassandaluminium(铝).Thesesepalsopenonwarmdays58(give)theinsideplantssunshineandfreshair.2.（2024九省联考卷）Heknowsthatcomputersarehere(stay)andthattheywillnotdisappear.3.（2024浙江1月卷）Theshelvesinmostsupermarketsarefulloffamily-sizethisandmulti-buythat.However,ifyou’reshoppingforone,buyingextra(benefit)frompricereductionsdoesn’tmakesense.4.（2023全国甲卷）Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)__________(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.5.（2022新课标I卷）Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority__________(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.6.（2022新课标II卷）Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup__________(see)them.7.（2022全国乙卷）__________(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,invitingtwenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.8.（2021新课标II卷）Idecidedtodosomething__________(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.9.（2021浙江卷）Mary’ssister,FrancesToddWallace,oftencameover__________(plant)flowersinthefrontyard.10.（2020全国I卷）ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-466__________(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.11.（2020全国III卷）Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout__________(find)thewell-knownpainter.12.(2020·浙江卷)Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology__________(change)lives.考点二：考查动词不定式短语作定语13.（2022全国甲卷）Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep__________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路线)byfoot.14.（2022北京卷）AsHelenwalkedon,sheheardamanchargingtowardsher.Fearfulthathemighthaveanintention__________(harm)her,Helenstartedtorun.15.（2021北京卷）Muchofthisincreasecanbeduetoclimatechange.Thefindingsshowacriticalneed(invest)indisasterprevention.16.(2019·全国II卷)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans__________(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.考点三：考查动词不定式短语作主语17.（2021全国甲卷）Itispossible__________(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.18.（2020北京卷）Ittakesthemhundredsofyears__________(break)down.Manyofthesebagsendupintheoceanwherelargeronescantrapseacreatures,suchasturtlesanddolphins.考点四：考查动词不定式短语作宾语19.（2024全国甲卷）Althoughparksofallsizesandtypesexistatanylevel,thenationalparks,inparticular,tend61(catch)ourattentionbecauseoftheirlargesizeandvariety.20.（2023新课标I卷）Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),ortoputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.21.（2023新课标I卷）Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem___________(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.22.（2022新课标II卷）Hesavedmyson’slife,"saidMrs.Brown."Idon'tknow__________tothankhim.”23.（2022浙江1月卷）ThatapproachbroughtCobb'sairtravellastyeardownby75%,andsheplans__________(continue)thepractice.24.（2021全国乙卷）KomodoNationalPark,officiallyrecognizedin1980,ispopularforecotourismbecauseofitsuniquebiodiversity.Activitiesthererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(远足)andaccommodationsaim__________(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.考点五：考查动词不定式短语作宾语补足语或状语25.（2024新课标II卷）ThoseculturalelementshaveincreasedStratford’sinternationalvisibility,saidEdmondson,addingthatvisitorswalkingthroughtheBirthplaceGardenwereoftenamazed___63___(find)theconnectionbetweenthetwogreatwriters.26.（2022浙江卷）Throughtouch,theonethinggallerysignstellyounot__________(do).27.（2020浙江1月卷）Somethingsignificantishappeningtotheworldpopulation-itisaging.Themedian(中位数的)ageofanAmericanin1950was30;todayitis41andisexpected__________(increase)to42by2050.考点六：考查动词不定式主动形式被动意义28.（2020全国II卷）Bambooplantsareassociatedwithhealth,abundanceandahappyhome.Theyareeasy__________(care)forandmakegreatpresents.第二部分：动名词

考点五年考情（2020-2024）命题趋势考点1考查动名词作介词宾语（有时该介词省略，属于隐形考查，难度增加）（5年1考）2023全国乙卷--recording1.考查动名词作介词宾语，有时该介词省略，需要平时注意积累spendtime(in)doing,havetrouble(in)doing,preventsb(from)doing…等句型。2.考查动名词作介词宾语，需要抓住介词in,after以及lookforwardto,objectto,bedevotedto…动词短语等。3.考查动名词作动词宾语，需要积累动词enjoy,appreciate。4.考查动名词复合结构，难度较大。考点2考查动名词作介词宾语（介词出现，显性考查，难度偏低）（5年3考）2022全国甲--staying;2021全国甲卷--spending;2021全国乙卷—visiting;2021新课标I卷--;2019全国I卷—noting;2019全国II卷—being;2018全国I卷—dying。考点3考查动名词作动词宾语（5年2考）2018全国III卷—avoidlooking;2017全国II—laying。考点4考查动名词复合结构（5年1考）2020新课标--walking考点一：考查动名词作介词宾语（有时该介词省略，属于隐形考查，难度增加）1.（2023全国乙卷）Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears(record)everythingIdiscovered.考点二：考查动名词作介词宾语（介词出现，显性考查，难度偏低）2.(2022全国甲)Iwasunwillingtotalkwithhimandoftendisobeyedhisruleofnot___________(stay)outwithmyfriendstoolate.3.（2021全国甲卷）After___________(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhatbetterthantorideonapieceofhistory!4.（2021全国乙卷）Actually,atrueeco-friendlytripmustmeetthefollowingprinciples:•Minimizetheimpactof___________(visit)theplace.5.（2019全国III卷）IfIsucceedinmanageone,Iwillopenmore.6.（2019全国I卷）Scientistshaverespondedby___________(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements.7.（2019全国II卷）A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for___________(be)Britain'soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.8.（2018全国I卷）Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof___________(die)earlybyrunning.考点三：考查动名词作动词宾语9.（2018全国III卷）Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid___________(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeelchallenged.10.(2017全国II)Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.考点四：考查动名词复合结构11.(2020新课标)Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模拟)andimaginethemselveslivingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor____________(walk)througharainforest.第三部分：现在分词

考点五年考情（2020-2024）命题趋势考点1考查现在分词短语作伴随、时间状语（与句子谓语动词构成主动关系）（5年4考）2024新课标II卷--Recalling;2023全国甲卷--borrowing;2023全国乙卷—Havingvisited;2022新课标I卷--Covering;2022全国甲卷--planning;2022全国乙卷—inviting;2021新课标II卷—thinking;2021北京卷—resulting。1.考查现在分词短语作伴随、时间状语，分词与句子谓语动词构成主动关系。2.考查现在分词短语作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。3.考查现在分词短语作宾补补足语，与句子宾语之间构成主动关系。4.需要考生掌握现在分词和过去分词的基本区别是主被动关系。考点2考查现在分词短语作定语（表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作）（5年10考）2023新课标II卷--visiting;2022新课标II卷--falling;2022浙江卷--existing,sighted;2021新课标I卷—aching;2021新课标I卷—living。考点3考查现在分词短语作宾补补足语（与句子宾语之间构成主动关系）（5年10考）2023新课标I卷--wanting;2020全国III卷—surrounding。考点一：考查现在分词短语作伴随、时间状语（与句子谓语动词构成主动关系）1.(2024新课标II卷)___64___(recall)watchingaChineseoperaversionofShakespeare’splayRichardIIIinShanghaiandmeetingChineseactorswhocametoStratfordafewyearsagotoperformpartsofThePeonyPavilion,Edmondsonsaid,“ItwasveryexcitingtoheartheChineselanguageandseehowTang’splaywasbeingperformed.”2.（2023全国甲卷）“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,wherealllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.3.（2023全国乙卷）(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,Iwasamazedbytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.4．（2023天津3月卷）________backtothe18thcentury,PekingOperahasovertwohundredyearsofhistory.A．Dating B．BeingdatedC．Todate D．Tobedated5.（2022新课标I卷）___________(cover)anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.6.（2022全国甲卷）Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoadroute.Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi’antoKashgaronseat20,___________(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.7.（2022全国乙卷）Tostrengthentheconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,___________(invite)twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.8.（2021新课标II卷）Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,___________(think)itisfood.9.（2021北京卷）From2000to2019,therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,___________(result)inUSD2,970billionineconomicloss.考点二：考查现在分词短语作定语（表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作）10.（2023新课标II卷）Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto40(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.111．（2023天津6月卷）ThePalaceMuseumhasthemostremarkablecollectionoffineclocksintheworld,mainly_________fromEuropeandChina.A．originating B．originatedC．beingoriginated D．havingoriginated12（2022新课标II卷）Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony(阳台),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe___________(fall)child.13.（2022浙江卷）Blindpeoplerecognizeshapeswiththeir___________(exist)senses,inawaysimilartothatof___________(sight)people,saysEllaStriem-Amit,aHarvardscientist.14（2021新课标I卷）Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureandoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour___________(ache)legs.15.（2021浙江1月卷）Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople___________(live)inthecountryside,includinglowerlevelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.考点三：考查现在分词短语作宾语补足语（与句子宾语之间构成主动关系）16.（2023新课标I卷）NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteamerisrarelyenough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft___________(want)morenexttime.17.（2020全国III卷）Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds,___________(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.第四部分：过去分词考点五年考情（2020-2024）命题趋势考点1考查过去分词短语作定语（与被修饰名词构成被动关系）（5年8考）2024新课标II卷--inspired2024浙江1月卷--designed;2023新课标I卷--recognized;2023全国甲卷--intended;2023全国乙卷—built;2023浙江1月卷--surrounded;2023全国乙卷--built;2022全国甲卷—held;2021浙江卷1月—studied;2021北京卷—caused;2020北京卷—found。1.考查过去分词短语作定语，与被修饰名词构成被动关系。2.考查过去分词短语作宾语补足语，与宾语之间构成被动关系。3.考查过去分词短语作表语，多表示“感到……”。4.考查过去分词短语作插入语。考点2考查过去分词短语作宾语补足语（与宾语之间构成被动关系）（5年4考）2021新课标I卷--astonished;2020全国II卷--decorated;2020新课标III卷curiosity;2020新课标卷accuracy考点3考查过去分词短语作表语（多表示“感到……”）（5年2考）2024新课标I卷--closed;2021全国II卷—excited。考点4考查过去分词短语作插入语（5年1考）2020浙江卷1月—compared考点一：考查过去分词短语作定语（与被修饰名词构成被动关系）1.（2024新课标II卷）Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,___60___(inspire)byThePeonyPavilion,___61___(build)attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.2.（2024浙江1月卷）Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarketshavestartedsellingchickenorsaladinpacks__________(design)withtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).3.（2023新课标I卷）Shanghaimaybethe(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolonghao’sbirthplace.4.（2023全国甲卷）Behindthesimplestyle,however,isaseriousmessage66(intend)foreveryone.5.（2023全国乙卷）FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums,narrowhutongtoroyalpalaces,itishometomorethan3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully(build)systemofringroads.6．(2023天津3月卷)_________severaladjustmentstothedesignfortwomonths,theengineereventuallysucceededinbuildingahighlyefficientsystem.A．Trying B．TriedC．Havingtried D．Havingbeentried7．(2023天津3月卷)Thehero’stouchingstory________onlinehasdrawnthousandsof“likes”andhundredsofcommentsfromthepublic.A．posting B．topostC．posted D．tobeposted8.（2023浙江1月卷）IntheMingDynasty,thecenterwastheForbidde