高中英语北师大版选择性必修四Unit 11 Period 5　Lesson 3 War Memories-Reading Comprehension

Period5Lesson3WarMemories—ReadingComprehensionⅠ.匹配单词1．withdraw A．togivethingstoalargenumberofpeople2．border B．adoctorwhoistrainedtoperformsurgery3．panic C．asuddenfeelingofgreatfearthatcan’tbecontrolled4．representative D．tosayhellotoortowelcomesomebody5．greet E．tomovebackorawayfromaplaceorsituation6．distribute F．thelinethatdividestwocountriesorareas7．surgeon G．apersonwhohasbeenchosentoactonbehalfofagroup答案1.E2.F3.C4.G5.D6.A7.BⅡ.选词填空eq\x(stickup，throw...off，setup，present...with...，befedupwith)1．OnChristmasmorning，thefamilystuckupaboardwith“AMerryChristmas”onit.2．Toouramazement，thetwosidesagreedtosetupafundtohelpthoseorphans.3．Smartpeoplenevergetmadbecausetheirsmartbrainspresentthemwithalternativesfasterthanthebadstuffcanhappen.4．Withhisfather’sencouragement，hethrewoffhiscoatandjumpedintothewaterwithhisswimmingcoach.5．Ifyouhavebeenfedupwithyourroutine，cometousandwe’llrewardyouwithacompletelynewlife.Step1速读——整体理解文意Ⅰ.明文章大意Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．Differentwarmemoriesofdifferentpeople.B．Terriblescenesofdifferentwars.C．Crueltyofthewars.D．Ordinarypeople’sdesireforpeace.答案AⅡ.悉层次结构Readthepassagequicklyandchooseatitleforeachstory.1．StoryA2．StoryB3．StoryCA．BravePatientB．AHappyEndingC．DeathofaVillageD．NoMoreFighting答案1.C2.D3.AStep2细读——逐段获取细节Ⅰ.ReadStoryAcarefullyanddothefollowingexercises.1．Whatwasthevillagers’feelingwhentheyweremarchedintothesquare?A．Theywereafraid.B．Theywerecalm.C．Theywerepanicked.D．Theybegantoweep.答案B2．HowdidDoChucsurvivethewar?A．HefledthevillagebeforetheAmericansoldiersenteredthevillage.B．Hewasunconsciousandwassavedbyothervillagers.C．Hewasluckyenoughtobehiddenbymanydeadbodies.D．HewassparedbytheAmericansoldiers.答案C3．Recordhowthefarmers’feelingschangedastheeventsunfolded.Whathappened？Howdidhe/theyfeel？BreakfasttimeDoChuc’sfamilywere(1)orderedoutoftheirhomesandmarchedintothevillagesquaretogetherwithothervillagers.(2)peacefulAtthesquareAllthevillagers(3)weretoldtosit.(4)calm，notafraidSeeingamachinegunSomevillagersbegan(5)weepingandpraying.(6)surprised，inpanicShootingstartedDoChuc’sdaughtersandaunt(7)werekilledbuthe(8)himselffled.(9)scared，desperateⅡ.ReadStoryBcarefullyanddothefollowingexercises.1．Bothofthetroopswerefedupwiththewar，sowhatdidtheydo?A．Theygaveupthewar.B．TheygottogethertocelebrateChristmas.C．Theydidn’tfireashotanymore.D．Theymadefriendswitheachother.答案B2．WhatcanweinferfromStoryB?A．Soldiersofthetwosideswereeagertomakefriends.B．Billwasthefirstonetosupporttoendthewar.C．Thetwosidesendedthewarbysigninganagreement.D．Soldiersofthetwosidesweretiredofthewar.答案D3．Completethechartsandfigureoutwhat“we”，theBritishsoldiers，andtheGermansdid.OnChristmasDay“we”“theGermans”Inthemorningstuckup(1)aboard；threw(2)theirequipmentoff；climbedoutof(3)thetrench；walkedthrough(4)themuddid(5)thesameDuringthedayspent(6)alldaywithoneanother；talkedabout(7)thewar；cametoan(8)understandingbrought(9)somebeeroverBeforemidnightalldecidednotto(10)startfiringOnBoxingDay“we”“theGermans”never(11)firedashotdidthesameseemedtobewaitingfortheotherto(12)settheballrolling；spentthewholeday(13)chattingwiththem；replacedby(14)othersoldiersshoutedacrossandasked(15)howtheyhadenjoyedthebeerⅢ.ReadStoryCcarefullyanddothefollowingexercises.1．Whywasthenursenotenthusiasticabouttheawardceremonyfromthestart?A．Becauseshehadtocleanuptheward.B．Becauseshedidn’tlikethechiefnurse’sattitudetotheVIPs.C．Becausethepatienthadbeenbadlywounded.D．Becausethepatientstartedtocry.答案A2．Whydidthesoldierthrowthewatchbackatthegeneral?A．Becausehedidn’tlikethewatch.B．Becausehethoughtthewatchwastooexpensive.C．Becausehethoughtthewatchcouldn’treplacehislegs.D．Becausehethoughtothersoldierswouldbebetterworththewatch.答案C3．Whydidthenursebeginsobbing?A．Becausesheadmiredthesoldierandwasmovedbyhim.B．Becauseshefeltsorrythatshecouldn’tsavethesoldier’slegs.C．Becausetwosoldiersdiedinthehospital.D．Becausethewarwascruel.答案A4．WhichofthefollowingaboutStoryCisTRUE?A．Whenhearingoneofmypatientsgotanaward，Iwasveryglad.B．Whenthewoundedreceivedtheaward，hewasmorethanalittlehappy.C．Ioftencriedbeforemypatients.D．Asanurse，Irarelyshowedmyrealemotiontothepatients.答案DⅣ.Readthewholepassageagainanddothefollowingexercises.1．Whatispeople’sattitudetowaraccordingtothepassage?A．Frightenedbuthonored.B．Disgustedandpanicked.C．Cruelandsad.D．Tiredandpassive.答案B2．Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorsinwritingthesestories?A．Toexplain. B．Todescribe.C．Todemonstrate. D．Topersuade.答案BStep3读后——讨论深度理解1．What’sthemajorpotentialthreatofwarsbetweennationsintheworld，inyouropinion?(Creativethinking)2．Whatdoestheauthorofeachstorytrytoconvey？(Criticalthinking)Step4总结——课文语法填空Thewholepassageismade1.upofthreedifferentstories，whichmainlytelldifferentwarmemoriesofdifferentpeople.ThefirstonetellsastoryofDoChuc，a48-year-oldVietnamesefarmer2.whosetwodaughtersandauntwerekilledbyAmericansoldiers.Hewaswoundedin3.theleg，butfortunatelyhewascoveredbyapileofdeadbodies.Hewassavedand4.fled(flee)thevillage.ThesecondstorytookplaceduringChristmas.Afteralongtimeofbattle，thesoldiersofbothsideswerefeduptotheneckwiththewar，sotheofficerscametoan5.understanding(understand)thattheywouldcelebrateChristmasintemporarypeaceuntilmidnight.Theygreetedeachother，shookhandsandsharedsomebeerasifthey6.hadbeen(be)agroupofoldfriends.Thethirdstoryhappenedinahospital.Ayoungsoldierhadbothhislegs7.blown(blow)off.Beingnumber20,000tocomethroughthehospital，he8.wasawarded(award)aPurpleHeartandawatch，butherefusedtoacceptthewatch，whichwonhimtheadmirationofthenurse.Accordingtotheirstories，weare9.deeply(deep)impressedwiththecrueltyofthewarandweshouldcherishour10.peaceful(peace)lifemore.Step5解读——长句难句分析1．DoChucisa48-year-oldVietnamesefarmerwhosetwodaughtersandauntwerekilledbyAmericansoldiersinMyLaithatday.[句式分析]此句是复合句。句子主句为DoChucisa48-year-oldVietnamesefarmer，后面是whose引导的定语从句，修饰先行词farmer。[自主翻译]杜沙是一位48岁的越南农民，他的两个女儿和姑妈那一天在美莱村被美国士兵杀害。2．Oneoftheirmen，speakinginEnglish，saidthathehadworkedinEnglandforsomeyearsandthathewasfeduptotheneckwiththiswarandwouldbegladwhenitwasover.[句式分析]此句是复合句。主句的主语是Oneoftheirmen，谓语动词是said，speakinginEnglish是现在分词短语作方式状语；主句谓语动词后并列两个that引导的宾语从句，第二个宾语从句中有两个谓语，分别是短语befeduptotheneckwith和wouldbe。[自主翻译]他们中的一个人用英语说，他在英国工作过几年，受够了这场战争，如果战争结束，他会很高兴。3．Itwasthispatient’ssecondvisittousandthistimehe’dhadbothhislegsblownoff—hewasall-of-about20yearsold.[句式分析]此句是由and连接的并列句。第二个分句中的hadbothhislegsblownoff是havesthdone结构，意思是“使某物被……”。[自主翻译]这是这个病人第二次来到我们这里，而这次他的双腿都被炸没了——他也就才二十几岁。Ⅰ.阅读理解AWomenmakegoodspies.Thisisbecausewomenaregoodatmultitasking.Theyarealsogoodatreadingotherpeople’semotions.Asaspy，thiscanhelpwithgatheringinformation.Bothoftheseskillsarealsousefulasamother.Thatmightbethebiggestreasonwhywomenmakegoodones.Herearethestoriesoffourfamousfemalespies.HarrietTubmanHarrietTubmanplayedanimportantroleintheUndergroundRailroad.ThenetworkledenslavedpeopleinSouthernstatestofreedominNorthernstates.Tubmanwasalsoaspy，accordingtoH.ShewasasoldierandspyfortheUnionArmyintheCivilWar.Herdutiesincludedformingaspyring，gatheringinformationabouttheConfederacy(联邦)andmappingthearea.Shealsoledamilitarybattlein1863.ShebecamethefirstwomanintheU．S.historytodothis.JenJenisafemaleCentralIntelligenceAgency(CIA)researcher.Herrealnameiskeptsecretforherprotection.TheCIAcollectssecurityinformationfortheUnitedStates.JenplayedabigpartinfindingOsamabinLaden.Jenistough，andshespentfiveyearslookingforhim.ChristineGranville“ChristineGranville’scharmandbeautywereimportant，”saysClareMulley.ShewroteabookaboutGranville.Granvillewasfast-thinking，braveanddevoted.Sheoncebitherowntonguetofakethesymptomsofadisease.ThishelpedherescapetheGestapoduringWorldWarⅡ.TheGestapoweresecretpolicefortheNazis.GranvillewasawardedtheGeorgeMedal.ItisaBritishawardforbravery.StellaRimingtonRimingtonwasthefirstfemaledirectorofMI5.TheorganizationistheUnitedKingdom’sintelligenceagency.Sheledtheofficebetween1992and1996.Shetoowasamother.ShenolongerworksforMI5.Now，shewritesspynovels.eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是四位著名女间谍。)1．Whatisparagraph1about?A．Whywerefemalespiesimportant?B．Whendidwomenfirstserveasspies?C．HowmanyfemalespiesworkedforBritain?D．Whatqualitiesdowomenhavethatmakethemgoodspies?答案D解析段落大意题。根据第一段的内容可知，女性擅长多任务处理，也善于读懂别人的情绪。作为一名间谍，这有助于收集信息。作为母亲，这两种技能都很有用。这可能是女性做出好工作的最大原因。由此可知，本段是关于女性具备了哪些能成为优秀的间谍的品质，故选D。2．WhoisthefirstfemalespyinAmericanhistory?A．Jen.B．HarrietTubman.C．StellaRimington.D．ChristineGranville.答案B解析细节理解题。根据HarrietTubman部分的“ShebecamethefirstwomanintheU．S.historytodothis.”可知，美国历史上第一个女间谍是HarrietTubman，故选B。3．Whatdothefourspieshaveincommon?A．Theywereawarded.B．Theywerealsomothers.C．TheyworkedfortheUnitedStates.D．Theycontributedalottotheircountries.答案D解析细节理解题。根据文中对四个间谍事迹的叙述可知，这四个间谍的共同点是她们为自己的国家做出了很多贡献。BYouprobablytakemanystepstoprotectyourcomputerfromgettingavirus，butwhataboutyourcellphone?Cellphonesarebasicallymini-computers，so，believeitornot，theytoocangetviruses.“Virusesandmalware(恶意软件)shouldnotbeamajorconcerntotheaverageconsumerwhousestheirdevicetomakephonecalls，takepictures，anddownloadafewwell-knownappsfromthemajorappmarketplaces，”TimKatsch，VicePresidentofiDroppedsaid.“Ifauserisdownloadingalotofapps，changingandexploringsettingswithinthedevice，andvisitingalargenumberofwebsitesfromunknownsources，virusandmalwareprotectionshouldbekeptontheirmind.”Ifyourphonegetsavirusitcanmessupyourdata，putrandomchargesonyourbill，andgetprivateinformationsuchasyourbankaccountnumber，creditcardinformation，passwords，andyourlocation.Themostcommonwaythatyoucouldgetavirusonyourphonewouldbethroughdownloadinganinfectedapp.Virusescanalsogetonyourphonewhenyouclickonstrangelinksoropenupanemailthatcontainsavirus.Connectingtoanunsecuredwirelessnetworkinapublicplaceisalsoawayforhackers(黑客)togetprivateinformationfromyourdevice.Ifyou’restillconvincedthatyourphonemightgetavirus，thereareanti-virusappsthatyoucandownloadthatwillconstantlyscanyourphonetomakesureithasn’tdevelopedavirus.Appslikethesewillalsocheckthingsbeforeyoudownloadthemtoensurethattheyaresafe.Anothertipistoalwayslookoveryourcellphonebilleverymonthtomakesuretherearen’tchargesfromappsthatyouneverdownloaded.Technologyisgettingsmarter，butsoarehackers，andit’simportanttoalwaysbecautiouswithanythingyoudoonyourphone.Manypeoplestorealotofpersonalinformationontheirphones，andwhilethatmightmakelifealittlemoreconvenient，itcanalsodoalotofdamageifhacked.语篇解读本文是说明文，文章介绍了手机感染病毒的原因并提出了保护手机免受病毒感染的建议。4．WhatcanwelearnfromTimKatsch’swords?A．Thewirelessnetworkinthepublicplacesissafetouse.B．Virusesandmalwarewillmostprobablyattackaveragephones.C．Downloadingalotofappswillprotectyourphonefrombeinghacked.D．Theaverageconsumerneedn’tworrymuchaboutavirusormalware.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第二段中TimKatsch所说的话“Virusesandmalware(恶意软件)shouldnotbeamajorconcerntotheaverageconsumerwhousestheirdevicetomakephonecalls，takepictures，anddownloadafewwell-knownappsfromthemajorappmarketplaces”可知，普通手机用户没有必要过多担心手机感染病毒的问题，打电话、拍照和使用主流软件网站下载的知名软件都是安全的。故选D项。5．What’sthemostcommonwaythatyourphonegetsavirus?A．Downloadinganinfectedapp.B．Clickingonclosefriends’links.C．Connectingtoyourmobiledata.D．Changingyourprivateinformation.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Themostcommonwaythatyoucouldgetavirusonyourphonewouldbethroughdownloadinganinfectedapp.”可知，手机在下载被感染的软件时最有可能感染病毒。故选A项。6．Whatdoesthelastparagraphconvey?A．Harmset，harmget.B．Everycoinhastwosides.C．Killtwobirdswithonestone.D．Technologymakeslifesmarter.答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，智能手机是把双刃剑，给我们带来便利的同时，也可能给我们带来损失。因此，可以推断出B项“凡事都有两个方面”为正确答案。故选B项。7．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．Anti-virusAppsMakeYourCellphoneSafe?B．VirusesandMalwareDamageYourCellphone?C．WorriedAboutYourCellphoneCatchingaVirus?D．ReadytoFightAgainsttheHackerstoYourCellphone?答案C解析标题归纳题。本文首句“Youprobablytakemanystepstoprotectyourcomputerfromgettingavirus，butwhataboutyourcellphone？”点题，下文分析了手机感染病毒的原因并提出了保护手机免受病毒感染的建议。所以C选项“担心手机感染病毒？”最适合作文章标题。故选C项。CAlldaylong，atanMSFdistributioncenter，humanitarian(人道主义的)suppliesmaketheirwaytosomeofthemostdangerousspotsontheplanet.Speciallymarkedboxesarebeingpackedwithmedicinesandsupplies，whichareontheirwaytoEbola-affectedLiberia，GuineaandSierraLeone.KathyDedieubecameasanitation(卫生设备)andwaterengineerforMSFadecadeago.ShehasjustreturnedfromLiberia，whereMSFisworkingtohelpreopenthehospitals.Herjobistomakesurethatcleanpartsofthehospitalsarekeptseparatefromareasthatarepolluted.Shesaysthesituationthereisacompletedisaster.“Evenduringthewar，Ihaven’tseenahealthsystemclosesofast.Thehospitalsareemptybecausethehealthstaffjustaren’tthere，”shesays.DedieuwasinLiberiaduringthatcountry’scivilwarin2003.MSFwasfoundedin1971byagroupofdoctorsandjournalists.“Irememberbeingcriticizedinthe1980sasa‘medicalcowboy’，”saysRonyBrauman，whoheadedMSFfrom1982to1994.“Wewereblamedforridingin，distributingourpillsandcreatingunreasonableexpectations.”ButBraumansaysthat’sthenatureofhealthcare.“Weraiseexpectations；wecreatenewdiseasesbytreatingolddiseases，”Braumansays.“That’showitworksingeneral.Itwasakindoffight.MSFwonthatfight.”MSFdoctorCameronBoppsayshe’sworkedwithotherhumanitarianorganizationsbutalwaysmissedthelevelofdevotionandmotivationhe’sfoundatMSF.“Themainthingthat’sdifferentaboutMSFfromthepointofviewsomeonelikemewhogoesoutandworksinthefieldisthatwhenthere’sanemergency，otherorganizationssay，‘Whoa，thisisanemergency.We’regonnabethereassoonaswegetfunding.’AndMSFhasthefunding，”hesays.“Westartrightaway.”NinetypercentofMSF’sfundingcomesfromadevotedbaseoffivemilliondonors.Thatgivesittheindependencetospeakoutanddowhat’sreallyneeded.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“无国界医生”这一非营利组织。8．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．ShowingtheplacesaffectedbyEbola.B．ExploringadistributioncenterofMSF.C．IntroducingoneofthefunctionsofMSF.D．EncouragingdonationstoEbola-affectedareas.答案C解析段落大意题。根据第一段可知，在无国界医生组织的配送中心，人道主义物资源源不断地运往地球上一些最危险的地方。故本段主要呈现的是无国界医生组织的一个分发中心为9．WhatcanwelearnaboutKathyDedieu?A．SheisworkinginLiberia.B．Shewasonceasoldierinthecivilwar.C．ShefoundedMSFwithmanyotherdoctors.D．Shehelpswithpollutionpreventioninhospitals.答案D解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Herjobistomakesurethatcleanpartsofthehospitalsarekeptseparatefromareasthatarepolluted.”可知，KathyDedieu的工作是确保医院的清洁区和污染区是分开的，即预防医院被污染。故选D。10．Whatwaspeople’sattitudetoMSFintheearlyyears?A．Optimistic. B．Uncaring.C．Disapproving. D．Curious.答案C解析观点态度题。根据文章第三段中RonyBrauman所说的话可知，无国界医生组织成立之初是不被人们所接受的。故选C。11．HowisMSFdifferentfromotherorganizationsaccordingtoCameron?A．Ithasalotoffaithfuldonors.B．Itinvolvesmanyjournalists.C．Itisoperatedbydoctorsthemselves.D．Itobtainsfundingfromthegovernment.答案A解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Whenthereisanemergency...NinetypercentofMSF’sfundingcomesfromadevotedbaseoffivemilliondonors.Thatgivesittheindependencetospeakoutanddowhat’sreallyneeded.”可知，无国界医生组织不同于其他组织的主要特点之一在于它有许多可靠的捐赠者，这使它能够独立地发表意见，做真正需要的事情。故选A。Ⅱ.七选五HowtoDealwithSilentTreatment?Issomeoneyouknowgivingyouthesilenttreatment?Maybeyoudidsomethingwrong:Youembarrassedorhumiliatedtheotherperson；youletthemdownorfailedtogivethemyoursupportwhentheyneededit.1.BeclearaboutwhathappenedYouprobablyalreadyknowwhatitwasthatyousaidordid.2.Youcouldsay，“Ifeellikethere’saproblembetweenusandthatyoumightbeupsetwithme.”Ifyoudoknowwhathappenedbetweenyoutocausethisgap，askifyoucantalk.3Explainthatyouknowwhathappenedbetweenyouwasn’tgoodandthatyou’dliketobefr