高中英语北师大版必修三UNIT 8 Period 5　Lesson 3“White Bikes”on the Road-Reading Comprehension

Period5Lesson3“WhiteBikes”ontheRoad—ReadingComprehensionⅠ.匹配单词1．profit A．tobecomeimpossibletosee2．overcome B．tohappen;tobefoundsomewhere3．disappear C．thestateofcontinuingtolive，ofteninspiteofdifficultyordanger4．occur D．suggestionorplan;theactofmakingasuggestion5．survival E．tosucceedindealingwithorcontrollingaproblemthathasbeenpreventing youachievingsomething6．proposal F．themoneythatyoumakeinbusinessorbysellingthings，especiallyafter payingthecostsinvolved答案1.F2.E3.A4.B5.C6.DⅡ.选词填空eq\x(comeupwith，giveup，blowaway，workthrough，bring...toanend)1．Inthatsituation，theydecidedtotakeactiontobringtheboringcontesttoanend.2．Whatmadehimtensewasthatthestrongwindblewawaygoodsoil，leavingonlysand.3．Itislikelythathewillgiveuphisdreamwhenherunsintosomedifficulties.4．Theordinarygirlcameupwithagoodideatodealwiththecurrenttrouble.5．Wemustworkthroughthedifficultiesuntilwefindasolutiontotheproblem.Step1速读——整体理解文意Ⅰ.明文章大意What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Thefutureof“whitebikes”．B．Thefeatureof“whitebikes”．C．Thesituationof“whitebikes”inChina.D．Thedevelopmentprocessandinfluenceof“whitebikes”．答案DⅡ.悉层次结构1．Matchthemainideawitheachparagraph.(1)Para.1A．Thewhitebikesareback(2)Para.2B．Bike-sharingismoreandmorepopularintheworld(3)Para.3C．Howthewhitebikesbegan(4)Para.4D．TheconvenienceandproblemsofbikesinChina(5)Para.5E．HowthewhitebikesaffectAmsterdam(6)Para.6F．ThepopularityofcyclinginAmsterdam答案(1)F(2)C(3)A(4)E(5)B(6)D2．Thestructureofthepassage.Part1(Para.1)：ThepopularityofcyclinginAmsterdamPart2(Paras.2－5)：Thedevelopmentof“whitebikes”Part3(Para.6)：TheconvenienceandproblemsofbikesinChinaStep2细读——逐段获取细节Ⅰ.ReadPart1anddothefollowingexercises.1．WhyisAmsterdamagoodcityforcycling?答案Itisflatandconvenientforbikes.Thereareplacesforbicycleparkingandmoststreetshaveabicyclepath.2．Whenwastheideaof“sharedbikes”borninAmsterdam?答案50yearsago.3．Amsterdamiscalled“theCityofBicycles”becauseof.A．thecyclingfansthereB．theappearanceofbicyclesC．thequalityofbicyclesD．theconvenienceforbicycles答案DⅡ.ReadPart2anddothefollowingexercises.1．Howdoestheauthordevelopthesecondpart?Thesecondpartisdevelopedintimeorder.2．Figureoutthethreestagesofthedevelopmentof“whitebikes”．Stage1：in(1)the1960sStage2：in(2)1999Stage3：(3)nowadays(Ⅰ)Readpara.2anddothefollowingexercises.3．Inthe1960s，somecyclingfanshopedbikescould.A．helptosaveenergyB．bespeciallydesignedC．beplacedanywhereD．bepaintedindifferentcolours答案A4．Whydidthefirst“whitebikes”planfail?A．Peopleweretiredofridingbikes.B．Therewerenotenoughparkingplaces.C．Thievestookallthebikeswithinweeks.D．Thegovernmentallowedpeopletodrivecarsfreely.答案C(Ⅱ)Readparas.3－4anddothefollowingexercises.5．Whathappenedto“whitebikes”in1999?答案“Whitebikes”returnedtoAmsterdam.6．Figureoutthechangesof“whitebikes”in1999.(1)Bikeswereequippedwithacomputertrackingsystem.(2)Bikeswerepaintedinbrightcolors.(3)Bikeswereparkedatspecialparkingplaces.7．Whateffecthave“whitebikes”hadonAmsterdam?PeoplecanenjoycleanairandeasytransportincentralAmsterdam.8．Whatdopeopleuseiftheywanttotakea“whitebike”inthecity?A．Awhitekey.B．Aspecialcard.C．Aspecialcomputer.D．Acommonchip.答案B9．Howdidthe“whitebikes”planworkin1999?A．Allthebikeswereparkedatspecialparkingplaces.B．Allthebikeswerekeptproperlybyspecialpeople.C．Enoughroomwasleftforkeepingbicycles.D．Byusingbothcomputertrackingsystemandspecialparkingplaces.答案D(Ⅲ)Readpara.5andchoosethebestanswer.10．Whichwordcanreplacewords“pedalitsway”inpara.5?A．Ride. B．Spread.C．Sell. D．Operate.答案BⅢ.ReadPart3carefullyanddothefollowingexercises.1．Howare“whitebikes”goinginChina?答案(1)Positiveaspect：boththelocalsandtouristsliketousesharedbikes.(2)Problems：thetheftofbikes&parkingissues.2．Whatdoesthewritermeanbysaying“Wherewillbike-sharinggoinChina?Youdecide.”？答案Thefutureofbike-sharinginChinadependsontheactionofeveryoneofus.Ⅳ.Readthewholepassageagainanddothefollowingexercises.1．Whatisthetypeofthepassage?A．Narrativeessay(记叙文)．B．Argumentativeessay(议论文)．C．Expositorywriting(说明文)．D．Practicalwriting(应用文)．答案C2．Whichsectioninamagazineisthetextlikelytobetakenfrom?A．Entertainment. B．Climate.C．Environment. D．Economy.答案C3．Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsthe“whitebikes”？A．Supportive. B．Opposed.C．Indifferent. D．Pessimistic.答案AStep3读后——讨论深度理解1．Doyouthinkthebikeswouldbegoodforourcity?Whyorwhynot？(Criticalthinking)2．Supposeyouareadocent(讲解员)inthemuseumofsharedbikes，trytointroducethedevelopmentofsharedbikestothetourists.(Creativethinking)Step4总结——课文语法填空People1.havebeenenjoying(enjoy)thebenefitsofcyclinginAmsterdamforyears.Itisagoodcityforcyclingbecauseitisflatand2.thereforeconvenientforbikes.Inthe1960s，agroupofcyclingfanscameup3.withanidea.Theybelievedthat4.itwouldbebetterifcarsweren’tallowedinthecitycentreandonlybicycleswere.They5.painted(paint)hundredsofbicycleswhiteandplacedtheminmanyareasaroundAmsterdamforpeople6.touse(use)．Whereversomeonefinishedajourney，theywouldleavethebiketheresothatsomeoneelsecanuseit.Buttheproblemwasthat7.thieves(thief)stoleallthebicycleswithinweeks!In1999，the“whitebikes”returnedtoAmsterdam.Thenew“whitebikes”werenot8.actually(actual)whitebutpaintedinbrightcolours.Thankstotheideasandeffortsofmanypeople，likethecyclingfansofthe1960s，peoplecannowenjoyeasytransportincentralAmsterdam.Nowadays，theideahasspreadaroundtheworld.InChina，even9.more(many)citieshavetheirownprogrammes.However，problemscanalsodevelop.Peoplearetryingdifferentwaysof10.solving(solve)thoseproblems.Step5解读——长句难句分析1．Theybelievedthatitwouldbebetterforeverybodyifcarsweren’tallowedinthecitycentreandonlybicycleswere.[句式分析]本句是一个主从复合句。Theybelieved是主句；that引导宾语从句；if引导条件状语从句。[自主翻译]他们认为，如果市中心不允许使用汽车而只能用自行车，这会让所有人都受益。2．Peoplewouldleavethebikeintheplacewheretheyfinishedtheirjourney，sothatsomeoneelsecouldthentakeitanduseitfromthere.[句式分析]本句是一个主从复合句。where引导定语从句，修饰theplace；sothat引导目的状语从句。[自主翻译]人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车，以便其他人能继续使用。3．Boththelocalsandtouristsliketousesharedbikesbecausebike-sharingisacheapandeasywaytosaveenergy，reduceairandnoisepollution，andenjoythebenefitsofexerciseincities.[句式分析]本句是一个主从复合句。Boththelocalsandtouristsliketousesharedbikes是主句；because引导原因状语从句；tosave...是动词不定式短语作way的后置定语。[自主翻译]本地人和游客都喜欢骑共享单车，因为共享单车方便又便宜，可以节省能源、减少空气和噪声污染，使人享受在城市里运动的益处。Ⅰ.阅读理解ABabusha，or“eight-stepsands”，gotitsnamebecausethedesertwasalwaysjusteightstepsawayfromthefarmers’doors.Today，thedesert’ssouthwardmovementhasbeenstoppedthankstoagreenbeltplantedinthelast40yearsbyGuoWangangandhiscolleagues.Asaresult，GuowasnamedaNationalMoralModelin2020.Guoisonlypartofthesecondgenerationof“soldiers”tofightagainstthedesert.HisfatherwasoneofthesixmenwhofirstbeganplantingtreesinBabusha.WhenGuo’sfatherfellillin1983，hehopedthathissonwouldfollowinhisfootsteps.Guoremembersbeingreluctanttogiveuphisstablegovernmentjob.“Myfatherrepeatedlystressedthatwehadtomakesureourfarmsweren’teatenbythedesert，”Guosaid，addingthatheeventuallyagreedtoworkatthefarmbecausehedidn’twanttoseethetreesdie.However，itwasthedeadlysandstormin1993thatturnedGuointoadetermined“soldier”．Thefastmovingbrownwallofdustreachedhighintotheskyandturneddayintonight.Guowasworkinginthedesertwithhiscolleagueswhenithit.Theyonlymanagedtogethomeaftertrekkingforsixhoursindarkness.Later，helearnedthat23studentswerefounddeadinariverastheytriedtogethomefromschoolduringthesandstorm.Sincethen，Guoandhiscolleagueshavecontinuedplantingtreeseveryspringandfall，pruning(修剪)theminwinterandwatchingoutforfire.Theirstrugglecontinues.Todaymoreandmoreyoungpeoplehavejoinedwithscientificandinnovativemethods.Forexample，thefarmnowissubsidized(资助)byAntForest，apublicwelfareprojectlaunchedbythee-commercegiant，Alibaba.Itrewardsuserswithvirtualenergyinexchangeforlow-carbonactivities，whichcanthenbeusedtodothings，likehavingtreesplanted.“Weneedmoresuchyoungpeopletohelpusfindotheradvancedandengineeringmethodsfordesertificationcontrol，”saidGuoWangang.语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述经过郭万刚和同事们几十年的努力，“八步沙”治理效果明显。1．WhatwasGuoWangang’sfirstreactiontohisfather’srequest?A．Headvisedhisfathertostopplantingtrees.B．Hewasunwillingtogiveuphisstablejob.C．Heimmediatelyagreedtoworkatthefarm.D．Hewasdeterminedtofightagainstthedesert.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句和第三段中的“Guoremembersbeingreluctanttogiveuphisstablegovernmentjob.”可知，郭万刚对父亲请求的第一反应是不愿意放弃稳定的政府部门工作而去种树。故选B。2．WhichmarkstheturningpointinGuoWangang’sdesert-fightingcareer?A．Finishingthegreenbelt.B．WinningNationalMoralModeltitle.C．Seeinghisfather’sfallingill.D．Experiencingadeadlysandstorm.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“However，itwasthedeadlysandstormin1993thatturnedGuointoadetermined‘soldier’．”可知，经历了一场致命的沙尘暴是郭万刚治理沙漠事业的转折点。故选D。3．WhydoestheauthormentionAntForest?A．Toshowyoungpeople’screativemethods.B．Toadvocatethelow-carbonwayofliving.C．TopraiseAntForest’suniquecontribution.D．ToindicateGuoandhisteam’sdifficulties.答案A解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Todaymoreandmoreyoungpeoplehavejoinedwithscientificandinnovativemethods.Forexample，...”可知，提到“蚂蚁森林”是为了表明年轻人具有创意的方法。故选A。4．WhatdoestheauthortrytoexpresswithGuo’sstory?A．Wellbegunishalfdone.B．Onetreedoesn’tmakeaforest.C．Opportunityfavoursonlythepreparedmind.D．Nothingistoodifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.答案D解析推理判断题。通读全文，并根据第一段最后两句可知，经过郭万刚和同事们几十年的努力，“八步沙”治理效果明显。由此可推知，文章想通过郭万刚的故事告诉我们“世上无难事，只怕有心人”这个道理。故选D。BIfyou’reinthemarketforanewfoodorwaterdishforyourcat，youmightwanttocheckoutFreetheOcean’sBambooCatBowls.Thesearemadeofbamboofibersandricehusks(稻壳)andaremoreeco-friendlythantraditionalplastic.Thepresenceofbamboousedasarenewablefiller—ispartofwhatmakesthebowlgreener.Bamboo，whichistechnicallyagrass，grows30%fasterthantreesandasmuchas1.5inchesperhour!Notsurprisingly，itproduces30%moreoxygenandabsorbs35%morecarbondioxidethantrees，accordingtoMimiAusland，founderofFreetheOcean.“It’sacut-and-come-againplant，whichmeansitcanbecroppedwithoutdisruptingtherootball，reducingcarbongivingoffwhenit’sharvested.”Ricehuskisaby-productofriceproductionthatisachallengetofarmersbecauseitishardtobreakdownandofnogreatvalue.Itsuseasafillerprovidesapurposeforanotherwiseuselessmaterialand，alongwiththebamboo.Auslandsaid，“Plasticcatdishesharborbacteria(细菌)，whichcanputyourcat’shealthatrisk.Evenifpetownerscleanthemregularly，theycannotbefullysanitized.Plasticbowlsarethemaincauseofcatdiseases.”However，thebamboocatbowlwillnotleach(渗入)harmfulchemicalsintoyourpet’swaterthewaythattraditionalplasticcananditisnaturallyfreeofbacteria.Catswilllikethebowls，astheyhavelowedges.Withaneasy-to-pick-uphandle，theycomeinfourcolors.Onecustomercommented，“Mycatspreferthesecatfoodbowlsjustlikeme.Thecatslikethelowlipthatmakesiteasytoeatoutof.Andthefactthatthey’remadeofbambooandthatbuyingthemmakesadifferencetotheenvironmentisamazing！Anditiseasytowashinthedishwasher.”语篇解读这是一篇说明文。竹子有很多用途，本文中作者介绍了一种新研制的竹制猫碗，相比传统的塑料来说这种猫碗更环保、安全。5．Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph2?A．Theimportanceofbambooinnature.B．Theadvantagesofbambooovergrass.C．Thebenefitsofusingbambooasmaterial.D．Theroleofbambooinreducingpollution.答案C解析段落大意题。根据第二段可知，竹子被用作可再生的填充物，这是使碗更环保的部分原因。竹子的生长速度比树木快30%，且比树木多产生30%的氧气，多吸收35%的二氧化碳。故第二段主要讨论了用竹子作材料的好处。故选C。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sanitized”inparagraph4mostprobablymean?A．Replaced. B．Removed.C．Found. D．Used.答案B解析词义猜测题。根据第四段中“Plasticcatdishesharborbacteria(细菌)，whichcanputyourcat’shealthatrisk.”以及画线单词所在句子中“Evenifpetownerscleanthemregularly”可知，塑料猫碗会藏有细菌，即使定期清洗也不会被清洗干净，由此推断画线词sanitized意为“清除掉”。故选B。7．Whatcanweinferfromthecustomer’swords?A．Catshavelowlips.B．Catsareeasytosatisfy.C．Heisfondofthenewbowl.D．Hedoesn’tlikedoinghousework.答案C解析推理判断题。根据最后一段顾客对猫碗的积极评价可知，从顾客的话中我们可以推断出他喜欢那个新碗。故选C。8．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Topromoteanewproduct.B．Togivepetownerssomeadvice.C．Tointroducethefunctionsofbamboo.D．Topointoutthelinkbetweenmaterialandhealth.答案A解析写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章开篇介绍了竹制的猫碗，下文进一步分析了这种猫碗的使用材料以及特点等，由此判断文章的目的是推荐新产品。故选A。CIt’snotusualforyourmunicipality(市政当局)togiveyoumoney—actuallymorelikeavoucher(代金券)—butMiami-DadeCountyinFloridaisswitchingthingsupabitanddoingjustthatforresidentswholeavetheircarshome.Thecountyistroubledwithbigtrafficjamsandwaslookingforawaytoreducetrafficandimprovethequalityoflifefortheresidents.That’swhycountyleadersdecidedtoteamupwithanewmobilityappVelociathatbelievesinrewardingpeopleeverytimetheycommute(通勤)viapublictransportation.Miami’smayorCarlosGimenezannounced，“Velociaisarevolutionarymobilityappthatoffersrewardsforsmartdecisionsthathelppeoplebreakthehabitoftravelingaloneincars.Theultimategoaloftheprogramistoreducetrafficandcarbonemissions.”TheideacamefromaFastrackInstitute—non-profitfoundation.It’seasytouse，justdownloadtheapponyouriPhoneandthenleaveyourcarathomeandthemobilityapptrackswhattransportationyouuse.Residentsthatusetrainsorbuses，orevenusebicycles，ortheirfeettogettoworkwillearnpoints.Thepoints，accordingtoVelociawilltranslateintoavirtualcurrencyinyouriPhone.ThecaseofMiami-DadeCountyisnotalone.Municipalitiesworldwideareworkingonwaystoreducecarusetocutbackongreenhouseemissionsandtomakecitiesmorelivable.PlaceslikeAmsterdam，NetherlandsandHamburg，Germanyarecommittedtomakingwalkingandbikingthedominantformoftransportationintheircitycenters.Othercitiesareprovidingfreepublictransportationtocutdownoncaruse.DavidWinterstein，VelociaCEOsaid，“IfmoreUSmunicipalitiesadoptprogramsliketheVelociaapp，itcouldgoalongwaytoreducesmog，greenhousegasses，andwastedtimesittinginjammedstreets.Itreallywouldbeawin-winforcityresidents.”语篇解读本文是说明文。文章主要介绍佛罗里达州的迈阿密戴德县使用Velocia应用程序奖励居民积分，以激励居民把车留在家里，乘坐公共交通出行，并叙述了其具体做法和影响。9．WhatshouldparticipantsintheprogramofMiamicountydo?A．Travelaloneincars.B．Paythetaxesortickets.C．Drivewithanewmobilityapp.D．Takepublictransportationtowork.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段内容及第二段中的“...rewardingpeopleeverytimetheycommute(通勤)viapublictransportation.”可知，迈阿密戴德县的居民参与这个活动项目需把车留在家里，乘坐公共交通工具上班。故选D。10．Whatdoesparagraph4mainlyfocuson?A．TheoperationprocessoftheappVelocia.B．Theadvantagesofthetrafficprogram.C．Theintroductiontoavirtualcurrency.D．Thevariouswaysofgettingthereward.答案A解析段落大意题。根据第四段第二至四句可知，该段主要讲述Velocia应用程序的操作过程。故选A。11．Whyareothercitiesmentionedinparagraph5?A．Toindicatethebackgroundoftheprogram.B．Toshowtheeffectofthenewmobilityapp.C．Topresentthepopularityoflow-carbontravel.D．Toraiseawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，本段提到世界各地的城市都在努力减少汽车使用，减少温室气体排放，使城市更宜居，这是为了呈现低碳出行的流行。故选C。12．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．ANewMobilityAppMakesCitiesMoreLivableB．MiamiRewardsResidentsforLeavingTheirCarsHomeC．AnAppRewardMakesMiamiPeopleMoreWealthyD．Miami-DadeIsLongingtoImprovePeople’sQualityofLife答案B解析标题归纳题。根据第一段可知，佛罗里达州的迈阿密戴德县使用Velocia应用程序奖励居民积分，以激励居民把车留在家里，乘坐公共交通出行。下文叙述其做法和影响。因此B项“迈阿密奖励把车停在家里的居民”符合文章主题。故选B。Ⅱ.七选五(2023·浙江杭州高一期末)HowtoCelebrateEarthDayAreyoulookingforwaystocelebrateEarthDayonApril22?You’vecometotherightplace.Ifyou’rereadytolearnmoreaboutjoiningtheglobalcelebration，makingrealchange，anddoingyourparttosaveourplanet，readon!Walkorrideyourbike.1Evenonedaycanmakeadifference，butifyoucancommit(承诺)towalkingorbikingmoreofteninthefuture，that’sevenbetter!Ifyourdailycommuteistoofarforwalking/biking，trypublictransportationlikebusesortrains.Plantatree.Thissimpleactwillbenefittheenvironmentfordecades.Plantingatreeonlytakesafewminutes，butitc