新教材2024高中英语Unit4SpaceExplorationSectionIIIDiscoveringUsefulStructures同步测试新人教版必修第三册

PAGESectionⅢDiscoveringUsefulStructures[基础测评]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(keep)fit,shetakesexerciseeveryday.

2.Ican’tafford(buy)suchanexpensivecomputer.

3.We’retalkingabouthow(overcome)thepresentdifficulties.

4.Mygrandmotherwokeuponly(find)everybodyhadgone.

5.Youaretherightperson(do)thejob.

6.Marieisapleasantperson(work)with.

7.Shewassurprised(see)Georgewalkin.

8.Thechildisoldenough(dress)herself.

9.Iranallthewaysoasnot(be)latefortheimportantmeeting.

10.Letthoseinneed(understand)thatwewillallgoouttohelpthem.

答案:1.Tokeep2.tobuy3.toovercome4.tofind5.todo6.towork7.tosee8.todress9.tobe10.understandⅡ.依据汉语句意完成英语句子1.为了救落水儿童,他付出了自己的生命。thedrowningchild,helaiddownhisownlife.

2.这个男孩特别努力,为的是弥补失去的时间。Theboyworkedveryhardupforthelosttime.

3.我定下一个规则,每天早上打太极拳。Itaichieverymorning.

4.过去老板让工人们每天工作十多个小时。Theworkersovertenhoursadaybythebossinthepast.

5.我做了一个梦,梦到自己像鸟儿一样在天空中翱翔。Ihadintheskylikeabird.

6.我走到教室,结果发觉教室是空的。Iwenttotheclassroom,itempty.

7.她不知道该乘哪路公共汽车。Shedidn’tknow.

8.每天晚上这个老人都坐在电视机前,兴奋地看着演的任何节目。Theoldmansatinfrontofthetelevisioneveryevening,anythingthathappenedtobeon.

9.假如你想和我们一起去,你应当八点钟前打算好。Ifyouwantwithus,youshouldbereadybyeighto’clock.

10.老师建议我们先休息。Theteacherarestfirst.

答案:1.Inordertosave2.inordertomake/soastomake3.makeitaruletodo4.weremadetowork5.adreamtofly6.onlytodiscover7.whichbustotake8.happytowatch9.togo10.advisedustohave[提升测评]Ⅲ.语法填空Nooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan.However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,itbegan1.a“BigBang”.Thentheearthexplodedloudlyandproducedwatervaporandmanygases,2.(make)theearth’satmosphere.Andthenastheearthcooleddown,waterappearedandstayed3.thesurface.Itwasthepresenceofwater4.allowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas,5.madeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.Andthe6.(appear)ofsmallplantsencouragedthedevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Next,greenplantsbegantogrowonland.7.werefollowedbylandanimals.Later,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime,afterwhichdinosaursdeveloped.However,theysuddenly8.(appear).Therefore,mammalsroseontheearth.Finally,humansappearedandspreadallovertheearth.However,theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatescapingfromtheearthintospace.So9.lifewillcontinueontheearthwilldependonwhetherthisproblemcan10.(solve).

1.解析:beginwith“以……起先”。故填with。答案:with2.解析:这里用动词-ing形式作状语,表示结果。答案:making3.解析:此处表示“停留在地球的表面”,因此用介词on。答案:on4.解析:这里是一个强调结构,被强调的成分是thepresenceofwater,因此要用that。答案:that5.解析:这里是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词修饰前面整句话,且从句缺少主语,因此用which引导定语从句。答案:which6.解析:此处表示“小植物的出现促进了早期贝类和各种鱼类的发展”,因此用名词作主语。答案:appearance7.解析:这里用They代指上文提到的greenplants。答案:They8.解析:这里叙述的是过去的事情,因此要用一般过去时。答案:disappeared9.解析:句意:因此,地球上的生命能否接着存在,将取决于这个问题能否得到解决。由此可知这里用whether引导主语从句。答案:whether10.解析:thisproblem与solve之间是被动关系,因此要用被动语态。句看法上题解析。答案:besolvedⅣ.阅读理解AWhat’saspacewalk?Anytimeanastronautgetsoutofaspacecraftwhileinspace,itiscalledaspacewalk.Astronautsgoonspacewalksformanyreasons.Forexample,experimentscanbeplacedontheoutsideofaspacecraft.Thisletsscientistslearnhowbeinginspaceaffectsdifferentthings.Bygoingonspacewalks,astronautscanalsofixthingsinsteadofbringingthembacktoEarthtofix.Whenastronautsgoonspacewalks,theywearspacesuitstokeepthemselvessafe.Insidespacesuits,astronautshavetheoxygentheyneedtobreatheandthewatertheyneedtodrink.Tokeeptheastronautsandthespacecraftsafe,theastronautsmustleaveandgobacktothespacecraftthroughaspecialdoor.Whenonaspacewalk,astronautsusesafetytetherstostayclosetotheirspacecraft.Tethersarelikeropes,andconnectthespacewalkerswiththespacecraft.Theykeepastronautsfromfloatingawayintospace.AnotherwayastronautsstaysafeduringspacewalksisbywearingaSAFER.TheSAFERiswornlikeabackpack.Ithelpsanastronautmovearoundinspace.Howdoastronautstrainforspacewalks?Onewayisbygoingforaswim.Floatinginspaceisalotlikefloatinginwater.Astronautspracticespacewalksunderwaterinahugespecialswimmingpool.Foreveryonehourtheywillspendonaspacewalk,astronautsneedtotrainsevenhoursinthepool.Anotherwayastronautspracticeforaspacewalkisbyusingvirtualreality(虚拟现实).Itlooksandfeelsjustlikeaspacewalk.Today,onlythreecountrieshavefinishedspacewalksindependently.TheyareRussia,theUnitedStatesandChina.ThefirstpersontogoonaspacewalkintheworldwasAlexeiLeonovfromRussia.ZhaiZhigangisthefirstChineseastronauttogoonaspacewalk.TheworldrecordofspacewalksisheldbyRussianastronautAnatolySolovyev.Hehasbeenon16spacewalksandspentmorethan82hoursoutsideinspace.1.Howmanywaysareusedtokeeptheastronautssafeduringspacewalks?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four. D.Five.解析:细微环节理解题。其次段描述了太空闲逛须要具备的四个平安条件:宇航员必需身穿特别的宇航服;进出航天器必需通过一个特别的门;宇航员必需身系链绳;宇航员必需身穿一个形态类似背包的“SAFER”。故选C。答案:C2.What’sthemeaningoftheword“tethers”inparagraph2?A.吊篮 B.系绳C.笼子 D.钩子解析:词义揣测题。依据后一句“Tethersarelikeropes,andconnectthespacewalkerswiththespacecraft.”可知,tethers是像绳子一样的东西,再结合选项提示可推断,tether意为“系绳”。故选B。答案:B3.Howdoastronautstrainforspacewalks?A.Byfloatinginspace.B.Byusingvirtualreality.C.Bygoingonspacewalksoutsideaspacecraft.D.Bytraininginwaterinacommonswimmingpool.解析:细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Anotherwayastronautspracticeforaspacewalkisbyusingvirtualreality.”可知,进行太空闲逛训练的方式之一是利用虚拟现实。故选B。答案:BBWehumansareacuriousspecies.AsNASAsaysonitswebsite,“Humansaredriventoexploretheunknown,discovernewworlds,pushtheboundariesofourscientificandtechnicallimits,andthenpushfurther.”Andspaceexplorationiswherewe’vebeen“pushing”ourfurthestcuriosity.Theyear2024beganwithtwopiecesofexcitingspaceexplorationnews.OnJan.3rd,Chinalandedaspacecraft,Chang’e4,onthemoon’sfarside—thesidewecan’tseefromEarth—forthefirsttimeinhumanhistory.AndaccordingtoareportpublishedonJan.9thinNature,scientistsfromtheCanadianHydrogenIntensityMappingExperiment(CHIME)discoveredrepeatedradiosignalsfromagalaxy(星系)1.5billionlightyearsaway,possiblysentbyintelligentaliens.However,what’sevenmoreexcitingthanthenewsisthefactthatwheneverspeakingofspaceexploration,weforgetourpoliticalandculturaldifferences—thethingsthatsoobsessus.“Whenyougointospace,youbecomepartofthisoverallgroupcalled’humanity’”,KenLiu,Chinese-Americansci-fiwriterandtranslator,toldthewebsite.“You’renolongerChinese,American,Russian...Yourcultureisleftbehind.You’renowjust’humanity’withacapital’H’.”Thismagichasworkedallthewayalongourjourneyintospace.WhenUSastronautNeilArmstrong(1930—2012)becamethefirsthumantosetfootonthemoonin1969,forexample,hetoldtheworld:“That’sonesmallstepforman,onegiantleapformankind”.Now,withChang’e4touchingdownonnewmoonarea,China’saimistohelpscientistsfromaroundtheworldfindoutmoreaboutEarth’sonlysatellite.AndwiththediscoveryoftheCHIMEastronomers,we’reonestepclosertoansweringacommonquestioninscience:Arehumansaloneintheuniverse?It’struethatweareacuriousspecies.Butinsteadofbeingcuriousaboutthe“unknown”,perhapswe’rereallymoreeagerto“pushfurther”ourownhuman“boundaries”and“limits”.4.WhichofthefollowingisthediscoveryoftheCHIMEscientists?A.Agalaxywithintelligentaliens.B.Repeatedradiosignalsfromadistantgalaxy.C.Radiosignalsfromagalaxyseveralyearsago.D.Repeatedradiosignalssentbyintelligentaliens.解析:细微环节理解题。依据第三段最终一句“scientistsfrom...byintelligentaliens”可知,来自加拿大氢强度测绘试验(CHIME)的科学家检测到来自15亿光年外星系的重复无线电信号,可能是由智能外星人发出的。由此可知,B项符合语境。答案:B5.WhydoestheauthorrefertoKenLiu’swordsinparagraph5?A.Tointroduc