山东省济宁市邹城市北大新世纪高级中学2024-2025学年高二上学期开考试学英语试题含解析

山东省济宁市邹城市北大新世纪高级中学20242025学年高二上学期开考试学英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.What’stheweatherliketoday?A.Rainy.B.Windy.C.Sunny.2.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Tellthemanheraddress.B.Takethepackagewithher.C.Deliverherpackagebyherself.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Afantasticphoto.B.Anewfurniturestore.C.Theman’shome.4Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Classmates.C.Bossandsecretary.5.Whydidthemangotoseeadoctor?A.Oneofhiseyeshurt.B.Hisglassesnolongerworked.C.Hecouldonlyseethingsupclose.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Aputermuseum.B.Advancesinputertechnology.C.Alibrarywithexamplesofoldtechnology.7.WhatisthePowerBook100?A.Amachinefrom1976.B.Anoriginalportableputer.C.Aputerworth$900,000.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Howdidthespeakersarrive?A.Onfoot.B.Bytaxi.C.Bycar.9.Whatarethespeakersprobablygoingtowatch?A.Acarrace.B.Atennisgame.C.Asoccermatch.10.Whydidthespeakersarriveearlier?A.TofindPeter.B.Togetagoodplace.C.Tomeettheplayers.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whowillbeonthefaceofthe$20bill?A.AndrewJackson.B.HarrietTubman.C.AlicePaul.12.WhatdidSusanB.Anthonydo?AShesavedmanyslaves.B.Shehelpedpassanewlaw.C.Sheproposedwomengetthevote.13.Whyarethespeakersexcited?A.The19thAmendmentwasjustpassed.B.WomenwillbefeaturedonU.S.money.C.AlexanderHamiltonwon’tbeonthe$10bill.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whoisthemantalkingto?A.Hismother.B.Hissister.C.Hisclassmate.15.Whydoesthemansticktotravelingbytrain?A.Itismuchcheaper.B.Itismorefortable.C.Itismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.16.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Contacttheticketoffice.B.Returnaticket.C.Catchatrain.17.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Athome.B.Onthephone.C.Onauniversitycampus.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.HowdoesanAmericangetalearner’spermit?A.Byhavingclasses.B.Bytakingaroadtest.C.Bypassingawrittentest.19.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttakingclassesatadrivingschool?A.Itisamust.B.Youmayskipit.C.Thecostishigh.20.Whatdoesthespeakertalkaboutintheend?A.Trafficrules.B.Vehicletypes.C.Drivingskills.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWanttoknowalltheinsandoutsregardingtheParis2024Olympics?Thenyou’veetotherightplace!BelowyouwillfindalltheinformationaboutthenewOlympicsports.OlympicskateboardingWhowillfollowinthefootstepsofMomijiNishiya,thefirstOlympicskateboardingchampion,whowascrownedatthelastGamesattheageof13?TheanswerwillberevealedinParisthissummer.Speed,technique,masteryoftheboardwillberequiredtosuccessfullyperformthemostbeautifultricks.OlympicsportsclimbingWithitssecondtimeenteringtheOlympics,sportsclimbinghasthreebranches:Speed,Bouldering(抱石攀岩)andLead.Speedisallaboutthespeedofclimbing.BoulderingisallaboutclimbingaboulderonawallandLeadrequiresathletestoclimbadifficultroute20metershigh.OlympicsurfingTheOlympicswillbeheldinParis,butwhataboutOlympicsurfing?Thereisonevenue(场地)thatisliterallyontheothersideoftheworld.ThelocationTeahupoo,ontheislandofTahiti,iswhereOlympicsurfingwilltakeplace.ThisislandispartofFrenchPolynesia,betweenAustraliaandSouthAmerica.OlympicbreakdancingBreakdancingisthenewOlympicsportthatwillmakeitsfirstappearanceinParis2024.Howtoestablishagradingsystemwithouttakingawaytheartisticfreedomatthesametime?Thepointsshouldbebasedoncreativityandmusicality,agrayareathatdependsalotonfeelingandthushasalotofsubjectivitytoit.Lookingforahandylistofallsports?Clickhere!ThroughoutParisthereareallkindsofstadiumsandarenas(竞技场)wheresportingeventsareheld.NotonlyParisitself,butalsothesurroundingsuburbsofthecapitalofFrancesetthestagefortheOlympicGames!1.WhichsportisenteringtheOlympicsforthefirsttimeinParis2024?A.Olympicskateboarding. B.Olympicsportsclimbing.C.Olympicsurfing. D.Olympicbreakdancing.2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?A.Olympicskateboardingrequiresahighlevelofphysicalstrength.B.ThreebranchesofOlympicsportsclimbingevaluatevarioussidesofskills.C.AlltheabovefourOlympiceventswillbeheldinParis.D.ThescoringofOlympicbreakdancingishighlyobjective.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Asportswebsite. B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Atravelbrochure. D.AnOlympicnewsreport.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文体裁为应用文。文章结构清晰地介绍了2024年巴黎奥运会中新增的几个体育项目，包括奥运滑板、攀岩、冲浪和霹雳舞，提供了每个项目的基本规则、特点及注意事项等信息，旨在为读者提供关于巴黎奥运会的新项目概况。1题详解】细节理解题。由文章Olympicbreakdancing部分中“BreakdancingisthenewOlympicsportthatwillmakeitsfirstappearanceinParis2024(霹雳舞是新的奥运项目，将在2024年巴黎奥运会上首次亮相。)”可知，奥运霹雳舞将在2024年巴黎奥运会上首次亮相。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。由文章Olympicsportsclimbing部分“WithitssecondtimeenteringtheOlympics,sportsclimbinghasthreebranches:Speed,Bouldering(抱石攀岩)andLead.Speedisallaboutthespeedofclimbing.BoulderingisallaboutclimbingaboulderonawallandLeadrequiresathletestoclimbadifficultroute20metershigh.(第二次进入奥运会的运动攀岩有三个分支：速度攀岩、抱石攀岩和难度攀岩。速度与攀岩的速度有关。抱石就是在墙上爬一块巨石，而难度攀岩则要求运动员爬一条20米高的高难度路线。)”可知，攀岩运动有三个项目：速度攀岩、抱石攀岩和难度攀岩，分别评估了攀岩速度、技巧和难度等多方面的技能。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“WanttoknowalltheinsandoutsregardingtheParis2024Olympics?Thenyou’veetotherightplace!BelowyouwillfindalltheinformationaboutthenewOlympicsports.(想知道关于2024年巴黎奥运会的所有细节吗？那你来对地方了！下面你会发现所有关于新奥运项目的信息。)”可知，该文主要介绍了2024年巴黎奥运会中的新项目，包括滑板、攀岩、冲浪和霹雳舞等，提供了这些项目的具体信息。这显然是与体育赛事相关的介绍，因此最有可能来源于一个体育网站。故选A。BHale,presidentofGraniteTelemunications,wasonstageduringThursday’srainygraduationceremonytoacceptthemedalforhissupportfortheuniversity.Inhisbriefspeech,hepraisedstudentsfortheirhardwork,and,drawingfromhisownearlyexperiences,encouragedthemnottoletfailuredefeatthem.Later,justastheheadmasterwasabouttostartawardingdegreestograduates,Halegentlypushedhimaside,sayinghewantedtocelebratethegraduatesbygivingthem$1,000each.Studentsappearedfromundertheirumbrellas,eruptinginloudcheersandapplause(掌声).ItwentonfornearlyaminutebeforeHalecouldcutbackin.“Listen,there’sarule,”hesaid.“Thefirst$500isourgifttoyou.Thesecond$500isforyoutodocharity,givingtosomebodyelseinneedoranotherorganizationwhocoulduseitmorethanyou.”Ashespoke,twobigbagswerecarriedonstage.Theywerefilledwith3,000envelopes,whichhesaidweredecoratedbystudentsattwolocalelementaryschools,andmarkedeither“gift”or“give”.Itwastimeforstudentstowalkacrossthestage.Oneatatime,wearing,raincoatsandbigsmiles,theyacceptedtheirdiplomas(文凭)andtheirpairofenvelopes.“Thesearekidswhoareworkingtheirtailsofftobethere,”herecalled.“Theycouldcertainlyusethegift.”The57yearoldmanputmuchofhiswealth—over$270million—towardcharitablecauses,includingcancerresearchandeducationalinstitutions.“SomeofthemostjoyoustimeshavebeenwhenI’vehadthechancetoshare,”Haleexplained.“Ifthere’sawaythatIcouldcreatethatseedwithinanothergenerationwheretheywouldgettoexperiencethejoyofgiving,thenmaybethatbeessomethingthattheywouldmakeanefforttodoandbeaccustomedtodoingandmakeusallalittlebitbetteralongtheway.”Hehaslearnedthatoneofthisyear’sgraduatesgavehermoneytoalocalcharitythatprovidesholidaygiftsforpoorchildren.Sheherselfhadbeenareceiveryearsago.4.HowdidthestudentsfeeluponhearingwhatHalesaidinParagraph1?A.Calm. B.Overjoyed. C.Embarrassed. D.Curious.5.Howcouldthestudentsdealwiththemoneymarked“give”accordingtotherule?A.Useittotravelwithfriends. B.Spenditonlearningmaterials.C.Payitforgiftsfortheirteachers. D.Donateitformeaningfulpurposes.6.WhatdidHalemeanwhenmentioningstudentscouldusethegift?A.Theyhadgoodlucktobethere. B.Theyneedn’tworkhardanymore.C.Theyweregoodenoughforthegift. D.Theyweretooyoungtousethegift.7.WhatisthesignificanceofHale’spractice?A.Payingkindnessforward. B.Promotingteachingeffectiveness.C.Drivingtheworldforwardsignificantly. D.Strengtheninginterpersonalconnections.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章描述了GraniteTelemunications公司的总裁Hale在雨天的大学毕业典礼上，为毕业生们每人赠送了1000美元，并鼓励他们将其中一半用于慈善事业，帮助其他需要的人或组织。他希望通过这种方式，能够在年轻一代中种下慈善的种子，让他们体验给予的快乐，并努力成为习惯，使社会变得更加美好。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Studentsappearedfromundertheirumbrellas,eruptinginloudcheersandapplause(掌声).ItwentonfornearlyaminutebeforeHalecouldcutbackin.(学生们从伞下出现，爆发出巨大的欢呼声和掌声。这持续了将近一分钟，Hale才切入。)”可推知，学生们听到Hale的话欣喜若狂。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thesecond$500isforyoutodocharity,givingittosomebodyelseinneedoranotherorganizationwhocoulduseitmorethanyou.(第二笔500美元是给你做慈善的，捐给其他有需要的人或另一个比你更能使用它的组织)和“Theywerefilledwith3,000envelopes,whichhesaidweredecoratedbystudentsattwolocalelementaryschools,andmarkedeither‘gift’or‘give.’(里边有3000个信封，他说这些信封由两所当地的小学生装饰，标有“gift”和“give”)”可知，学生可以将标有“give”的钱为了有意义的目的而捐赠。故答案为D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“‘Thesearekidswhoareworkingtheirtailsofftobethere,’herecalled.‘Theycouldcertainlyusethegift.’(‘这些都是努力奋斗站在这里的孩子’他回忆说。‘他们当然可以使用这笔礼物’)可推知，Hale想说明学生们足够好配得上这笔礼物。故答案为C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ifthere’sawaythatIcouldcreatethatseedwithinanothergenerationwheretheywouldgettoexperiencethejoyofgiving,thenmaybethatbeessomethingthattheywouldmakeanefforttodoandbeaccustomedtodoingandmakeusallalittlebitbetteralongtheway.(如果我可以创造一种方式在另一代人心里播种种子，使他们体验给予的快乐，那么也许那会变成某种他们会尽力去做并且习惯去做的事情，而且让我们在前进的道路上变得更好)”和“Hehaslearnedthatoneofthisyear’sgraduatesgavehermoneytoalocalcharitythatprovidesholidaygiftstopoorchildren.Sheherselfhadbeenareceiveryearsago.(他了解到今年的一位毕业生将她的钱捐给当地慈善，为孩子们提供假期礼物。她自己几年前就当过接收者)”可推知，Hale做法的意义在于将善举继续传递。故答案为A。CIfthecrust(外壳)oftheearthwerenotprettysolid(坚固的),itwouldbeshakingaboutandmovingupanddownfrequently.However,thereareplacesintherocksoftheearth’scrustwhereitisn’tstronglyheldtogether—wherefaultsexist.Alongthefaults,onerockmightpushagainstanotherwithgreatforce.Theenergyischangedtovibrationintherocks,sotheybegintoshakeandwehaveanearthquake!ThemostfamousoneinNorthAmericawastheSanFranciscoEarthquakeof1906.Sevenhundredpeoplediedandproperty(财产)damageamountedtoabout$425,000,000.Thegreatestdestructioncamefromthefiresthatfollowedthequake.OneofthemostfamousearthquakesinEuropetookplaceinLisbon,Portugal,in1755.Thecitywasdestroyedandatleastthirtythousandpeoplewerekilled.In1908,inCalabriaandSicily,aquakekilledaboutseventyfivethousandpeople.In1915,incentralItaly,hundredsoftownsandvillagesweredamagedandthirtythousandpeoplewerekilled.TwogreatearthquakesthatcausedgreatdamageinAsiatookplaceinTokyo,Japan,andinGansuProvinceinChina.TheTokyoquakeof1923killedmorethanonehundredthousandpeopleanddestroyedthecityandthecityofYokohama,too.TheChinesequakein1920coveredmorethanthreehundredsquaremilesandkilledabouttwohundredthousandpeople.8.Theunderlinedword“vibration”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans“________”.A.shaking B.force C.energy D.losing9.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderoftheyearswhentheearthquakeshappened?①theSanFranciscoEarthquake②theearthquakeinLisbon,Portugal③theearthquakeinCalabriaandSicily④theearthquakeincentralItaly⑤theearthquakeinGansuProvince⑥theTokyoquakeA.③④⑤⑥②① B.⑤⑥②①③④ C.②①③④⑤⑥ D.①③④②⑤⑥10.Accordingtothepassage,theearthquakethatkilledthemostpeoplehappenedin________.A.Portugal B.Italy C.Japan D.China11.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A.theearth’scrustinEuropeisweakerthanthatinotherplacesB.thefiresfollowingtheSanFranciscoEarthquakecausedmoredamagethantheearthquakedidC.therewere75,000peoplekilledintheSanFranciscoearthquakeD.thecityofYokohamawasnotgreatlyinfluencedbytheTokyoquake【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了地震是怎么发生的，以及国内外发生的地震。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“However,thereareplacesintherocksoftheearth’scrustwhereitisn’tstronglyheldtogether—wherefaultsexist.Alongthefaults,onerockmightpushagainstanotherwithgreatforce.Theenergyischangedtovibrationintherocks,sotheybegintoshakeandwehaveanearthquake!(然而，地壳岩石中有一些地方没有牢固地结合在一起——那里存在断层。沿着断层，一块岩石可能会用力推压另一块岩石。能量在岩石中转化为vibration，所以它们开始摇晃，我们发生了地震！)”可知，岩石推压另一块岩石，产生的能量会转化为震动，所以岩石开始摇晃，推测划线单词表示“震动，颤抖”，与shaking意义相近。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThemostfamousoneinNorthAmericawastheSanFranciscoEarthquakeof1906.(北美最著名的地震是1906年旧金山大地震)”、“OneofthemostfamousearthquakesinEuropetookplaceinLisbon,Portugal,in1755.(1755年，葡萄牙里斯本发生了欧洲最著名的地震之一)”、“In1908,inCalabriaandSicily,aquakekilledaboutseventyfivethousandpeople.In1915,incentralItaly,hundredsoftownsandvillagesweredamagedandthirtythousandpeoplewerekilled.(1908年，在卡拉布里亚和西西里岛，一场地震造成约7.5万人死亡。1915年，在意大利中部，数百个城镇和村庄遭到破坏，3万人死亡)”以及第三段“TwogreatearthquakesthatcausedgreatdamageinAsiatookplaceinTokyo,Japan,andinGansuProvinceinChina.TheTokyoquakeof1923killedmorethanonehundredthousandpeopleanddestroyedthecityandthecityofYokohama,too.TheChinesequakein1920coveredmorethanthreehundredsquaremilesandkilledabouttwohundredthousandpeople.(日本东京和中国甘肃省发生了两次在亚洲造成巨大破坏的大地震。1923年的东京地震造成10多万人死亡，并摧毁了这座城市和横滨市。1920年的中国地震覆盖了300多平方英里，造成约20万人死亡)”可知，旧金山地震发生在1906年，葡萄牙里斯本地震发生在1755年，卡拉布里亚和西西里岛地震发生在1908年，意大利中部地震发生在1915年，甘肃地震发生在1920年，东京地震发生在1923年，按照地震发生年份排序为②①③④⑤⑥。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“OneofthemostfamousearthquakesinEuropetookplaceinLisbon,Portugal,in1755.Thecitywasdestroyedandatleastthirtythousandpeoplewerekilled.In1908,inCalabriaandSicily,aquakekilledaboutseventyfivethousandpeople.In1915,incentralItaly,hundredsoftownsandvillagesweredamagedandthirtythousandpeoplewerekilled.(1755年，葡萄牙里斯本发生了欧洲最著名的地震之一。这座城市被摧毁，至少有三万人死亡。1908年，在卡拉布里亚和西西里岛，一场地震造成约7.5万人死亡。1915年，在意大利中部，数百个城镇和村庄遭到破坏，3万人死亡)”以及第三段“TwogreatearthquakesthatcausedgreatdamageinAsiatookplaceinTokyo,Japan,andinGansuProvinceinChina.TheTokyoquakeof1923killedmorethanonehundredthousandpeopleanddestroyedthecityandthecityofYokohama,too.TheChinesequakein1920coveredmorethanthreehundredsquaremilesandkilledabouttwohundredthousandpeople.(日本东京和中国甘肃省发生了两次在亚洲造成巨大破坏的大地震。1923年的东京地震造成10多万人死亡，并摧毁了这座城市和横滨市。1920年的中国地震覆盖了300多平方英里，造成约20万人死亡)”可知，造成最多人死亡的地震发生在中国甘肃。故选D。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThemostfamousoneinNorthAmericawastheSanFranciscoEarthquakeof1906.Sevenhundredpeoplediedandproperty(财产)damageamountedtoabout$425,000,000.Thegreatestdestructioncamefromthefiresthatfollowedthequake.(北美最著名的地震是1906年旧金山大地震。700人死亡，财产损失约4.25亿美元。地震后的大火造成了最大的破坏)”可知，旧金山地震后的大火造成的损失比地震造成的损失更大。故选B。DBrownmudisfoundoncoastlinesaroundtheUK.Itmightnotlookveryexcitingbutinfactitsupportswildlifethatdoesaveryimportantjob.ScientistsinScotlandhavejustbegunastudyofcoastalmud.Theyaresifting(筛选)throughittofindthecreatureslivingthere,whichcouldprovideanaturalsolutiontoclimatechange.Someofthemudburrowing(泥土穴居)creaturesfeedontinyorganismssuchasalgaeandplankton.Theseorganismsabsorbcarbon.Ifalgaeandplanktonareleftintheseatheyeventuallydie,rot(腐烂)andgiveoutcarbondioxide(CO₂)gasintotheatmosphere,whichcontributestoglobalwarming.Instead,manyarepulleddownintotheseabedbymudburrowingcreatures,wherethecarbontheycontainisstored,forhundredsofyears.DrCeriLewisisleadingateamofscientistswhoaremeasuringwhichcreaturesarebestatstoringcarbonintheseabedoffthewestcoastofScotland.“Therearesomefantastic,wonderfulanimalslivinginoceanmud,alldoingtheseimportantjobs,”LewistoldTheTimesnewspaper.Inthearea,thereareatleast200speciesofinvertebrates(animalswithoutbackbones).Thescientists’workincludesscoopingupmudfromtheseabed,siftingittofindtheinvertebrates,andmeasuringhowmuchcarboneachonestores.Lewis’sstudyispartofahugefiveyearprojectcalledtheConvexSeascapeSurvey.Itismeasuringhowmuchcarbonisstoredincoastalareasallaroundtheworld,andhowmuchmorecouldbestoredinthefuture.Lewisadmitsthatmudisn’tthefirstthingpeoplethinkofwhenlookingforsolutionstoclimatechange,but,shesays,“Itcouldn’tbeamoreimportanttimetoworkouthowwecanbestusenature’spowertolockcarbonaway.”12.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthemudburrowingcreatures?A.Theycanabsorbcarbon.B.Theygiveoutcarboninthesea.C.Theyhelptolockcarbonaway.D.Theycontributetoglobalwarming.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“scoopingup”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Spooningup. B.Makingup.C.Lookingup. D.Cleaningup.14WhydoesLewiswanttomeasurecarboninhisstudy?A.Tostoremuchmorecarbon.B.Tostudythesecretsofthesea.C.Tosortoutthecreaturesinthesea.D.Toseekanaturalsolutiontoclimatechange.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Greaterimportanceshouldbeattachedtocoastalmud.B.Climatechangedependsontheamountofcarbon.C.Humanbeingsshouldusenaturalpowertobreakdowncarbon.D.Themostimportanttimetomeasurecostalmudisinthefiveyears.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科学家在苏格兰开展了一项关于沿海泥土的研究，旨在寻找自然解决气候变化的方法。研究发现，泥土中的穴居生物能够吸收并储存碳，这有助于减少温室气体排放，对抗全球变暖。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Someofthemudburrowing(泥土穴居)creaturesfeedontinyorganismssuchasalgaeandplankton.Theseorganismsabsorbcarbon.Ifalgaeandplanktonareleftintheseatheyeventuallydie,rot(腐烂)andgiveoutcarbondioxide(CO₂)gasintotheatmosphere,whichcontributestoglobalwarming.Instead,manyarepulleddownintotheseabedbymudburrowingcreatures,wherethecarbontheycontainisstored,forhundredsofyears.(一些泥土穴居生物以微小的生物为食，如藻类和浮游生物。这些生物吸收碳。如果藻类和浮游生物留在海里，它们最终会死亡、腐烂并将二氧化碳(CO₂)气体释放到大气中，这会导致全球变暖。相反，许多藻类和浮游生物被泥土穴居生物拖入海底，它们所含的碳在那里被储存起来，长达数百年。)”可知，许多泥土穴居生物会将藻类和浮游生物拉入海底，其中所含的碳会被储存数百年。因此，这些泥土穴居生物有助于将碳封存起来。故选C。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“DrCeriLewisisleadingateamofscientistswhoaremeasuringwhichcreaturesarebestatstoringcarbonintheseabedoffthewestcoastofScotland.(CeriLewis博士带领一组科学家在苏格兰西海岸附近的海域测量哪些生物最擅长储存碳。)”可知，此处指科学家的工作包括从海底舀起泥巴，筛选出来以找到无脊椎动物，并测量每个无脊椎动物储存的碳量。因此，“scoopingup”应该是指用勺子等工具舀起泥巴，所以答案为A，即“Spooningup”（舀起）。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Lewis’sstudyispartofahugefiveyearprojectcalledtheConvexSeascapeSurvey.Itismeasuringhowmuchcarbonisstoredincoastalareasallaroundtheworld,andhowmuchmorecouldbestoredinthefuture.Lewisadmitsthatmudisn’tthefirstthingpeoplethinkofwhenlookingforsolutionstoclimatechange,but,shesays,“Itcouldn’tbeamoreimportanttimetoworkouthowwecanbestusenature’spowertolockcarbonaway.”(路易斯的研究是一个名为“凸面海景调查”（ConvexSeascapeSurvey）的五年大型项目的一部分。该项目正在测量全球沿海地区储存的碳量，以及未来可能储存的碳量。路易斯承认，在寻找应对气候变化的解决方案时，泥土并不是人们首先想到的东西，但她说，“现在正是我们找出如何最好地利用自然的力量来封存碳的关键时刻。”)”可知，Lewis的研究是凸面海景调查（ConvexSeascapeSurvey）这一五年大项目的一部分，该项目旨在测量全球沿海地区储存的碳量以及未来可能储存的碳量。Lewis说，她研究碳是为了找到应对气候变化的自然解决方案。因此，她的目的是寻找自然方法来减少碳的排放和储存，以对抗全球变暖。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Lewisadmitsthatmudisn’tthefirstthingpeoplethinkofwhenlookingforsolutionstoclimatechange,but,shesays,“Itcouldn’tbeamoreimportanttimetoworkouthowwecanbestusenature’spowertolockcarbonaway.”(路易斯承认，在寻找应对气候变化的解决方案时，泥土并不是人们首先想到的东西，但她说，“现在正是我们找出如何最好地利用自然的力量来封存碳的关键时刻。”)”可知，泥土不是人们首先考虑解决气候变化问题的方案，但现在是更好地利用自然的力量来封存碳的关键时刻。因此，可以推断出，我们应该更加重视沿海地区的泥土，因为它们对碳的封存和减少气候变化的影响非常重要。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Areyouguilty(内疚)ofbadputerhabits?Youmightnotevenrealizeit___16___Soyoushouldbreakthefollowingbadputerhabitsforahealthierdigitallife.Snackingatthescreen___17___However,crumbs(碎屑)candamageyourkeyboardandbeeasuitableplaceforbacteria(细菌)togrow.Touchingyourskinaftertypingonacrumbfilledkeyboardmightaswellharmyourskin.LeavingtheputeronaroundtheclockConvenienceoftengetsthebetterofprotection,butleavingyourPCorlaptoponallthetimecanwearitdownandwasteelectricity.___18___Yourputerandyourenergybillwillthankyou.MarathongamingtimeGamingcanbeanattractivehobby,withhoursflyingbyasyou’readdictedtothescreen.However,overgamingcanleadtophysicalandmentalstress,resultinginpoorsleep,weakenedimmunity(免疫),andevenmentalhealthissues.___19___Afteranhourofgaming,a10minutebreakcandowonders.UsingpublicputerscarelesslySavingpasswordsonyourpersonalputerisacceptable,butdoingthesameonpublicputersisanono.It’sextremelyeasyforsomeonewithtechtoknowhowtogetthosepasswordsandaccessyourpersonalinformation.Beextremelycarefulwhenusingpublicputers.___20___So,intoday’sworld,wheredigitalwellnessisbeingincreasinglyimportant,let’sbreakbadhabitsandhaveahealthier,moremindfulapproachtoourdigitallives.A.RemembertotakearestB.Makeitahabittoshutitdownwhenyou’redonefortheday.C.Whodoesn’tloveeatingsnackswhilelookingthroughtheweb?D.However,somethingsyoudodailycanharmyourtechandyourself.E.Don’tyouknowalittlefortnowcouldleadtoabigheadachelater?F.AlwaysexittheputerandneversavepasswordsonpublicmachinesG.It’sbesttoshutdownyourputercorrectlytoavoidanypossibledamage【答案】16.D17.C18.B19.A20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了四种不良的电脑使用习惯，包括在电脑前吃零食、长时间开机、长时间玩游戏以及不当地使用公共电脑，并指出了这些习惯对电脑和个人健康的潜在危害。文章建议为了更健康的数字生活，我们应该打破这些不良习惯。【16题详解】根据前文“Areyouguilty(内疚)ofbadputerhabits?Youmightnotevenrealizeit.(你有不良的电脑习惯吗？你可能都没有意识到。)”可知，此处强调的是你有诸多不良的电脑习惯，但是你本身没有意识到。D选项“However,somethingsyoudodailycanharmyourtechandyourself.(然而，你每天做的一些事情可能会伤害你的科技和你自己。)”中的something指代前文的“一些不良的电脑习惯”，这些“不良习惯”可能伤害你的科技和你自己，该选项符合语境。故选D。【17题详解】根据本段段旨“Snackingatthescreen(对着屏幕吃零食)”可知，本段介绍的是对着电脑屏幕吃零食的坏习惯。C选项“Whodoesn’tloveeatingsnackswhilelookingthroughtheweb?(谁不喜欢边上网边吃零食呢？)”与段旨呼应，符合语境。故选C。【18题详解】根据前文“Convenienceoftengetsthebetterofprotection,butleavingyourPCorlaptoponallthetimecanwearitdownandwasteelectricity.

(方便往往能带来更好的保护，但一直开着你的个人电脑或笔记本电脑会磨损它，浪费电力。)”可知，此处强调的是一直开着你的个人电脑或笔记本电脑会磨损它，浪费电力。B选项“Makeitahabittoshutitdownwhenyou’redonefortheday.(当你完成一天的工作时，养成关掉电脑的习惯。)”承接前文，指出针对一直开着电脑的坏习惯，此处强调应该养成关电脑的习惯，符合语境。故选B。【19题详解】根据前文“

However,overgamingcanleadtophysicalandmentalstress,resultinginpoorsleep,weakenedimmunity(免疫),andevenmentalhealthissues.(然而，过度游戏会导致身体和精神压力，导致睡眠不佳，免疫力下降，甚至精神健康问题。)”可知，此处强调过度游戏的消极后果。后文应该对此问题进行解决。A选项“Remembertotakearest(记得要休息)”承接前文，指出过度的游戏中要适当休息，符合语境。故选A。【20题详解】根据前文“Beextremelycarefulwhenusingpublicputers.

(使用公共电脑时要格外小心。)”可知，此处指出使用公共电脑要小心。后文应该给出具体建议。F选项“Alwaysexittheputerandneversavepasswordsonpublicmachines(永远退出计算机，永远不要在公共计算机上保存密码)”承接前文，指出在公共计算机上不要保存自己的密码，符合语境。故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Intimesofsadness,afriendwouldalwayssuggestgoingforawalk.“Areyouoverwhelmedbyyourwork?Takeawalkaroundtheneighborhood.”____21____likethisareoftensaidwiththebestofintentions,buttheyusedtomakemeangry.Ididnot____22____howthesethingsweregoingtohelp.Threeyearsago,Ihitalowpoint.OnceIsawapairof____23____eyeslookingatmethroughthemirror,IknewIwasatmybreakingpoint.So,I____24____theadviceIfoughtsohardtoignore.Iwentforawalk—withthe____25____thatitwouldsomehowchangemylife.Butitdidnothing.IwasjustassadasIwasbefore.Iwentonawalkeverydayformorethanamonth.SomedaysIcouldhardlymakeitoutside,butI____26____topushthrough.ItookapictureeverytimeIwentbecauseIwantedto___27___myselftryingtomakeaneffort.Oneday,theunbelievablehappened.Ifoundmyself____28____.IrealizedIhadpatientlywaitedallmorningtogoonthiswalk.WhatI____29____hatedhadbeethebestpartofmyday.Ifoundmyself____30____tobeoutside.Ineverhada____31____inmind.Ijustdancedalongthetrails,stoppedtolookatthebeautifulblueskiesandlistenedtomusic.I’mgladItookpicturesbecausetherewasanoticeable____32____inmyface.Islowlystartedtolooklesstiredanddefeated.Itwasamazingthatsomethingsmallandseeminglymeaninglesscould____33____makeanimpactonmyphysicalandmentalwellbeing.Ifyou’rehavingabadday,abadmonth,abadyearorevenabad____34____,youshouldtrygoingforawalk.Sometimes,allweneedtodois____35____.21.A.Feelings B.Questions C.ments D.Stories22.A.understand B.appreciate C.indicate D.predict23.A.angry B.empty C.attractive D.curious24.A.supplied B.protested C.refused D.followed25.A.doubt B.honor C.policy D.hope26.A.managed B.failed C.expected D.requested27.A.inform B.document C.share D.adapt28.A.shouting B.crying C.smiling D.dreaming29.A.never B.otherwise C.once D.thus30.A.grateful B.hesitant C.scared D.longing31.A.picture B.destination C.problem D.path32.A.difference B.shock C.reaction D.image33.A.actually B.officially C.instantly D.frequently34.A.friend B.family C.plan D.life35.A.dowonders B.keepyourhead C.giveitashot D.takeitforgranted【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.D26.A27.B28.C29.C30.D31.B32.A33.A34.D35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者曾经抗拒朋友外出散步的建议，直到三年前作者经历了低谷，开始每天外出散步，渐渐发现这一举动对自己的身心健康有产生了巨大影响。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：像这样的评论通常是出于好意，但它们曾经让我生气。A.Feelings感觉；B.Questions问题；C.ments点评；D.Stories故事。指上文“Intimesofsadness,afrie