高中英语外研版必修第一册Unit 3　Period 6　Developing ideas-Reading comprehension

Period6Developingideas—ReadingcomprehensionⅠ.匹配单词1．summary A．apieceofgroundwithaspecialsurfaceforpeople，cars，etc.tohaveraceson2．track B．torespectsbforwhattheyareorforwhattheyhavedone3．style C．theparticularwayinwhichsthisdone4．judge D．ashortstatementthatgivesonlythemainpointsofsth，notthedetails5．feature E．somethingimportant，interestingortypicalofaplaceorthing6．admire F．toformanopinionaboutsb/sth，basedontheinformationyouhave答案1.D2.A3.C4.F5.E6.BⅡ.选词填空eq\x(introuble，inthelead，nowandthen，leave...behind，nolonger)1．AlthoughHarrywasintheleadatthebeginningoftherace，hedidn’twinamedalatlast.2．Hermarriageisintroubleandsheisunhappyinparticular.3．ImethimeverynowandthenonthecampuswhenIstudiedthere.4．Sheisbusyinlookingafterthreechildrenathome，soshenolongerhastimetoenjoythevariousactivitiesintheclub.5.Obviously，Sarah，withherlonglegs，soonlefttherestofusfarbehind.Step1速读——整体理解文意Ⅰ.明文章大意Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Apieceofnewsabouttwobrothers.B．The2016WorldTriathlonSeries.C．CompetitionbetweentheBrownleebrothersmadethemsuccessfulathletes.D．Howtotakepartintriathlon.答案AⅡ.悉层次结构Readthepassagequicklyandmatchthemainideawitheachparagraph.Para.1A．Thedivided(有分歧的)opinions.Para.2B．Alistair’schoice.Para.3C．Jonnywasabouttofallinthematch.Para.4D．ThedevelopmentoftheBrownleebrothers’love.答案Para.1CPara.2BPara.3DPara.4AStep2细读——逐段获取细节Ⅰ.Readpara.1carefullyanddothefollowingexercises.1．Whatcanweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A．AlistairBrownleehadtobepushedbyothersintherace.B．Jonnywasfasterthanhisbrotheratfirst.C．Itwasextremelycoolthedaythetriathlonwasheld.D．Alistairfoundithardtochoosewhethertohelphisbrotherornot.答案B2．Whyisthereaquestioninthefirstparagraph?Itisusedtoraisereaders’interest.Ⅱ.Readpara.2carefullyanddothefollowingexercises.1．WhatwasAlistair’schoice?答案Tohelphisbrother.2．HowdidAlistairhelphisbrotherinthematch?AlistairrantowardsJonny，caughthimandstartedpullinghimtowardsthefinishline.Alistairthenpushedhisbrotherovertheline.3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoparagraph2?A．Alistairwasthefirsttocrossthefinishline.B．JonnypushedAlistairoverthefinishline.C．AlistairhelpedJonnywinthesecondplace.D．Alistairwasproudofhisownmove.答案CⅢ.Readpara.3carefullyanddothefollowingexercises.1．WhydoesAlistairthinkthathavingabrotheris“anadvantage”？A．Becausehecan’tleavehisbrotherwhentheytrain.B．Becausehelikesarguingwithhisbrotheroverstupidthings.C．Becausehisbrothercanbringhimpositiveforceineverything.D．Becausehisbrotherisagoodplayer.答案C2．WhichwordscanbeappliedtotherelationshipbetweenAlistairandhisbrother?A．Supportandencouragement.B．Admirationandjudgement.C．Hateandcooperation.D．Punishmentandcompetition.答案AⅣ.Readpara.4carefullyanddothefollowingexercises.1．HowareopinionsabouttheBrownleebrothersdivided?Somepeoplethinkthebrothersshouldhavebeendisqualified，whileothersthinktheyshouldbehighlypraisedfortheiractions.2．What’sAlistairBrownlee’sexplanationforhischoice?答案“Mumwouldn’thavebeenhappyifI’dleftJonnybehind.”3．Whatcanwelearnfromhisexplanation?A．LoveandcompetitionbetweentheBrownleebrothersmakethemsuccessfulathletes.B．PeoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutAlistair’sactionsinthetriathlonfinal.C．ForAlistairBrownlee，familyloveismoreimportantthanwinningthetriathlonfinal.D．AlistairBrownleeisafraidofhismother.答案CStep3读后——讨论深度理解1．Shouldthebrothershavebeendisqualifiedorhighlypraisedfortheiractions?Shareyouropinions.(Criticalthinking)答案Ithinkthebrothersshouldbepraisedfortheiractions.Competitionisimportant，butbrotherlylovemattersmore.2．Howdoyouunderstandthetitle？(Creativethinking)答案Alistairthoughtthatalthoughtheywerecompetitorsintherace，Jonnywasjustabrotherofhis，sohegaveupthegoldmedalwithouthesitationjustbecausehewantedtohelphisbrotherwhenhewasintrouble.Whatmattersmostisnotthegoldmedal，notsuccessorglory，butthebrotherlyloveandfamily.Familymatters!Step4总结——课文语法填空Itwasthefinalpartofthe2016WorldTriathlonSeriesinMexico.Withonly700metres1.togo(go)，Alistairpushed2.himself(he)towardsthefinishlineinthe3.burning(burn)heat，buthesawhisyoungerbrother，Jonny，abouttofallontothetrack.Alistairhadtochoose—4.brotherly(brother)love，orachancetowintherace?AlistairrantowardsJonny,5.caught(catch)himandstartedpullinghimtowardsthefinishline.Alistairthenpushedhisbrotherovertheline.ThemoveputJonnyin6.second(two)placeandAlistairhimselfinthird.Itwas7.anunexpectedendtotherace，butAlistairdidnotwanttodiscuss8.itwiththemedia.Hejustwantedtoseehisyoungerbrother,9.whohadbeenrushedtothe10.medical(medicine)area，becauseatthatmoment，hewasnolongeranathleteaimingforamedal—hewasjustabrother.Step5解读——长句难句分析1．Alistairpushedhimselftowardsthefinishlineintheburningheat，butashecameroundthecorner，hesawhisbrotherabouttofallontothetrack.[句式分析]此句是复合句。but前的第一个分句为简单句；but后的第二个分句为主从复合句，ashecameroundthecorner为as引导的时间状语从句。[自主翻译]阿利斯泰尔在酷热中奋力奔向终点。但就在他转过弯道时，却看到弟弟摇摇欲坠地要摔倒在跑道上。2．Hejustwantedtoseehisyoungerbrother，whohadbeenrushedtothemedicalarea.[句式分析]此句是主从复合句。who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词hisyoungerbrother。[自主翻译]他只想去看看被紧急送到医疗区的弟弟。3．TheBrownleebrothershavebeendoingtriathlonssincetheywerechildren.[句式分析]此句是主从复合句。since引导时间状语从句，since意为“自从……以来”，从句多用一般过去时，而主句多用现在完成或现在完成进行时。[自主翻译]布朗利兄弟从小就参加铁人三项。4．Alistairsaysthattheyencourageeachotherasmuchastheycanwhentheytrain.[句式分析]此句是主从复合句。主句为主谓宾结构，that引导宾语从句；when引导时间状语从句。[自主翻译]阿利斯泰尔称，他们在训练时尽可能互相鼓励对方。5．Despiteargumentsover“stupidthings”nowandthen，Alistairagreesthathavingabrotherisanadvantage.[句式分析]此句是主从复合句。despite...为介词短语作状语，that引导宾语从句，从句中动名词短语作主语。[自主翻译]尽管偶尔会为一些“蠢事”争吵，阿利斯泰尔仍然觉得有个兄弟是种优势。6．Mumwouldn’thavebeenhappyifI’dleftJonnybehind.[句式分析]此句是主从复合句。if引导条件状语从句，从句中用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。[自主翻译]要是我撇下乔尼，妈妈肯定会不高兴的。Ⅰ.阅读理解AAngelaandDarrenhavetwochildren.Theirson，Kyle，istwentyyearsoldandthedaughterRita，whoisonlysix.OneFridayafternoon，Kyle’sparentsbothhadtoworklate.TheyaskedhimtopickRitaupatschoolintheafternoon.Kylesaidyes.Around3：00intheafternoon，Kylegotacallfromhisbestfriend，Peter.HeaskedhimtogotoJessica’smother’scountryhouse.Andtheywouldleaveinfifteenminutes.Thehousewaswonderful.Kyleandhisfriendsalwaystalkedaboutgoingthere.Kylelookedathiswatchandthoughtabouthowmuchfunhecouldhavewithhisfriendsinthecountryhouse.HeknewtheteacheratRita’sschoolwouldcallhisgrandmotherifhedidnotpickherup.Hehesitatedforamoment，wantingtogowithhisfriends.Butheknewhecouldn’tlethisparentsandsisterdown.Hedidn’tgivewaytothetemptationatlast.Hesaidthankstohisfriendfortheinvitation，buthehadmadeapromisethathereallymustkeep.Realizinghedidn’thavemuchtimeleft，Kylerushedtohissister’sschool.Hewasfiveminuteslate，andwhenhegotthere，hesawthatRitawasveryscaredandwasabouttocry.Shewasthelaststudentattheschool，andtheteacherwaswaitingwithher.Whenshesawherbigbrotherrushingtothegateoftheschool，Ritasmiled.Sherantohimandgavehimabighug.Kylerealizedthathehaddonetherightthing.Hemustalwayskeephiswordandbeworthyoftrustbecausehisdecisionsinfluencedotherpeople’slives.语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了凯尔遵守对父母的承诺，婉拒了朋友的邀请，去学校接妹妹的故事，阐述了言行一致的道理。1．WhydidKylehavetopickuphissisteronFridayafternoon?A．Hissisterwastooyoung.B．Hisparentshadtoworklate.C．Hisfriendsaskedhimtodoso.D．Hisparentshadtolookafterhisgrandmother.答案B解析细节理解题．根据第二段内容可知，凯尔的父母周五下午都要工作到很晚，只能让凯尔去学校接丽塔。故选B项。2．WhatdidKyledowhenfacinghisfriend’sinvitation?A．Herefuseditpolitelyfinally.B．Hehadnohesitationtoacceptit.C．Helethisparentsandsisterdown.D．Hemadeanotherpromisetogooutwithhisfriend.答案A解析细节理解题．根据第五段前三句可知，尽管凯尔非常想和朋友去玩，但是他不想让父母和妹妹失望，最终拒绝了朋友的邀请。故选A项。3．HowdidKylefeelwhenhissistergavehimabighug?A．Anxious. B．Embarrassed.C．Worthy. D．Pitiful.答案C解析推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，凯尔意识到自己没有和朋友出去，而是来学校接妹妹的决定是正确的，由此推知，当妹妹给他一个大大的拥抱时，他感觉他的做法是值得的。故选C项。4．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．It’snevertoolatetomend.B．Alwaysprepareforarainyday.C．Nevergiveupwhatyoubelieve.D．Betrueinwordandfirmindeed.答案D解析主旨大意题。通读全文并结合文章最后一句可知，本文叙述了凯尔遵守对父母的承诺，婉拒了朋友的邀请，去学校接妹妹的故事，阐述了言行一致的重要性。因此“Betrueinwordandfirmindeed.”符合文章主旨。故选D项。B“Dad，Ineedyourhelp.Comehere！”My5-year-oldgirlpulledmetowardsthecomputer.“Dad，pleasebuyeverythingIhaveintheAmazonshoppingcart(购物车)．Here，takethiscashfrommysavings！”Theshoppingcartshowedtenitemsforatotalofabout130dollars.“Wait！”Ireplied.“That’stoomuchmoney！Whydoyouneedallthesethings？”“Please，Dad！TheseitemswillgetherebeforeChristmas.Ihaveasurpriseforeveryone.Nopeeking(偷看)！”sheexplained，andIboughteverything.Acoupleofdayslater，shegoteverything.Isawherthenwrapping(包装)allhergifts.“CanIhelpyou？”Iasked.“No，Dad.Itoldyouthesearespecialsurprises.Nopeeking！”shereplied.Herexcitementwasobvious.Thedaycame.Shewasallaroundhergifts，planning，protecting，arranging.Everythinghadtobeperfect.Assoonasdinnerwasover，shejumpedfromherchairandtookhergifts.Shewentaroundgivingeachoneofusherpieceoflove.Theseweresmallitems，butitwasthemeaningofgivingherheartthatwewerereallyfeeling.Asshegavethegifttoeachperson，shewatchedtheexpressiononourfaces.Oursmileswerehergreatestreward.Herlastgiftwasformy2-year-oldboy—atoycar.Itwashardtodescribemylittleboy’sdelightatgettingthisgift！Forseveralminutes，everyone’sattentionwasfocusedonwatchinghimgoallaroundthehousehappily.Seeingtheseactsofmy5-year-oldhelpedmeunderstandthepowerofgiving—givingfromtheheart.Laterthatday，mygirlreceivedsomegifts，butshedidn’tneedthem.Shefocusedonothers，notonherself.Itwasclearthatshewastheonefeelingtruejoy.语篇解读本文是记叙文，讲述了作者5岁的女儿为全家人准备了圣诞节礼物，作者从女儿身上懂得了给予的力量。5．Whydidthegirlaskherfatherforhelp?A．Shedidn’thaveenoughmoney.B．Sheneededhimtokeepthesecret.C．Shewantedtogethisopinionsongifts.D．Shecouldn’tmaketheonlinepayment.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段中“Dad，pleasebuyeverythingIhaveintheAmazonshoppingcart(购物车)．Here，takethiscashfrommysavings！”可知，作者的女儿不会网上支付，所以请作者帮忙付款。故选D项。6．Howdidthegirlfeelwhenwrappingthegifts?A．Shefeltproud. B．Shefeltdelighted.C．Shefeltcautious. D．Shefeltsatisfied.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“Herexcitementwasobvious.”可知，女儿在包装礼物时是非常开心的。故选B项。7．Whatdidotherfamilymembersthinkofthegirl’sacts?A．Pleasant. B．Creative.C．Reasonable. D．Surprising.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，女儿给全家人的礼物代表了她的爱，家人的笑容是对她最大的回报。作者的儿子收到这份礼物时的喜悦之情是难以形容的！故其他家庭成员认为作者女儿的行为是令人愉悦的。故选A项。8．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Topraisehisdaughterforhergenerosity.B．Tosharehisexperienceofraisinghiskids.C．Todiscusshowtofindhappinessindailylife.D．Tosharethelessonlearnedfromhisdaughter.答案D解析写作意图题。根据最后一段第一句可知，作者看到5岁女儿的这些行为，明白了给予的力量。从作者的感悟可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是分享他从女儿身上学到的东西。故选D项。CBrothersandsisterscanactuallyboostyourphysicalandmentalhealth.Here’show.Havingayoungersiblingmightmakeyouslimmer.AstudybyUniversityofMichiganfoundthatchildrenwhoweresixorunderwhenanewbrotherorsisterarrivedhadahealthierBMI.Giventhatchildhoodweightissuescanturnintoadultweightproblems，havingayoungerbrotherorsistermightwellresolvetheannoyance.Sisterscanprotectyoufromdepression.Sisters，whetheryoungerorolder，helppreventtheirteenagesiblingsfromfeelingguilty，unloved，lonely，shyandfearful，accordingtoastudyfromBrighamUniversity.Thatwillbenefityouevenwhenyoureachadulthood.Havingbrothersandsistersmakesyoumorecharitable.Thesameresearchfoundthathavingsiblingsmadeyoutwiceaslikelytodogooddeeds.AstudyoftheCanadianInstitutesofHealthResearchfoundthatifasiblingwaswarmandkind，theothersiblingwaslikelytodisplaythesamequalities.They’reaspiritboosterinlaterlife.Researchhasfoundthathavingameaningfulrelationshipwithbrothersandsisterswhenyou’reoldercanleadtogreaterlifesatisfaction，greaterpsychologicalwell-being，higherspiritandfewerdepressivesymptoms.Thatisvitalasyouenteroldage.Theyhelpyoulivelonger.InastudyfromtheAmericanSociologicalAssociation，olderadultswhodescribedthemselvesasbeing“extremelyclose”tothefamilymemberstheylistedhada6%chanceofdyingoverthenextfiveyears，comparedtoa14%riskforthepeoplewhoreportednotbeingveryclosetothefamilymemberslisted.Havinggoodfriendscanbringmanyofthesamebenefits.Wedon’tallhavebrothersandsisters，oryoumightbedistantfromyours.Don’tpanic;researchalsoshowsthathavingclosefriendscanboostyourhealth，well-beingandlongevity.Makefriendsbysigninguptogroupsorclassesandfindingpeoplewhoenjoythesamethingsasyou.eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究表明有兄弟姐妹更能促进你的身心健康。)9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sibling”inparagraph2mean?A．Brotherorsister. B．Parent.C．Uncleoraunt. D．Friend.答案A解析词义猜测题。根据画线词后句“AstudybyUniversityofMichiganfoundthatchildrenwhoweresixorunderwhenanewbrotherorsisterarrivedhadahealthierBMI.”可知，有个兄弟或姐妹可能会让你更苗条。所以sibling为“兄弟姐妹”之意。故选A。10．HowdosistersbenefitateenaccordingtothestudyofBrighamUniversity?A．Actinglikeadults.B．Havingagoodfigure.C．Enjoyingmentalhealth.D．Beingmoreindependent.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推断，根据布里格姆大学的研究，姐妹对青少年的心理健康有好处。故选C。11．Whosestudyconcludesthatsiblingshelponewithalongerlifespan?A．MichiganUniversity.B．BrighamUniversity.C．TheCanadianInstitutesofHealthResearch.D．TheAmericanSociologicalAssociation.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Theyhelpyoulivelonger.InastudyfromtheAmericanSociologicalAssociation...”可知，美国社会学协会研究得出结论，兄弟姐妹可以帮助一个人长寿。故选D。12．What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A．Tohelpteensmakegoodfriends.B．Tointroducethebenefitsofsiblings.C．Tohelpkeepgoodfamilyrelationship.D．Toadvocatefollowingsiblings’advice.答案B解析写作意图题。根据第一段内容及全文可知，文章主要介绍了研究表明有兄弟姐妹更能促进你的身心健康，从而推断，这篇文章的目的是介绍兄弟姐妹的好处。故选B。Ⅱ.七选五Areyouconfusedaboutwhattodonextwhenyouplanabirthdaycelebrationforyourlovedfamilymemberortrytohelpyourfamilyprepareforbirthdays?1Herearesometipsonbirthdaycelebrationstogetyoustarted.2Ratherthanmakingabirthdaycakeinthekitchen，orderingahandmadecakeonlineisundoubtedlyabetterchoice.Youjustchooseaspecialtheme，andthenyou’llhaveabeautifulprofessionalcaketopresenttoyourguests.Formaband.Ifyouwanttofullyenjoyyourselves，insteadofturningonthemusiconthecomputerorphone，youcaninviteyourclassmatestoformaband