初高中英语衔接之定语从句课件

初高中衔接之定语从句授课教师：Translatethesentences.这个聪明的男孩是我弟弟。Thecleverboyismybrother.———定语我昨天买的那本书很有趣。ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayisinteresting.关系词先行词——————————————定语从句先行词：被修饰的名词或代词关系词：引导定语从句的词定语从句：用来修饰、限定、说明名词或者代词的一个完整的句子。作用相当于形容词，译为“....的”关系词的作用：1.连接主句和从句2.代替先行词3.在定语从句中充当成分Attributiveclause:限制性定语从句

restrictive非限制性定语从句non-restrictive是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。Iwastheonlyperson

whowasinvited.inmyofficeJenny,withwhomIplayedtabletennisyesterday,livesinmynextroom.Theman

whocamehereyesterday

hascomeagain.ThatisMr.Wang,whosedaughterteachesEnglishatamiddleschool.注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which.1定语从句的引导词关系代词关系副词指人指物who(主语.宾语)，whom(宾语)，that(主语.宾语),whose(定语)that(主语.宾语),which(主语.宾语)whose(定语)where(地点状语)when(时间状语)why(原因状语)who指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语可以省略Thenumberofpeople_________werekilledinthedisasterwasover100.Theman_____________wearetalkingaboutisanexpert.who/thatwho/whom/thatwhom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略，也可以用who/that替换指人，作主语指人，作宾语Thegirl_____________thesoldierrescuedyesterdayisJohn'ssister.whom/who/thatTherearemanypeoplewith______youcanshareyourfeelings.whom指人，作宾语指人，作宾语指人时，直接跟在介词后作介词的宾语，只用whom,不用who和that，不能省略which指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语可以省略Thepicture___________isabouttheaccidentisterrible.Thegoldmedal____________shewonhasbeengiventoherschool.which/thatwhich/thatThisisthehousein______LuXunoncelived.which指物，作主语指物，作宾语指物，作宾语指物时，直接跟在介词后作介词的宾语，只用which，不用that，不能省略Thisisthenovel_________interestsme.that指人或物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语可以省略which/thatThemagazine__________Iboughtyesterdayislost.Thenumberofpeople________cometovisitthiscityreaches1million.which/thatwho/that指物，作主语指物，作宾语指人，作主语whose指人和物，表示所属关系，在定语从句中作定语，意为“...的”Anystudent______familyistoopoortogotoschoolcangethelpfromthegovernment.whose指人，作定语Helivesinaroom_______windowfacesnorth.whose指物，作定语关系副词when，where，why的先行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为reason)的名词，在从句中作状语。有时可用＂介词＋which＂结构替换。1.Iwillneverforgetthetime______weworkedonthefarm.我将永远不会忘记我们在农场劳动的那段时光。when指时间，作状语2.Thisisthehouse______________helivedlastyear.

这是他去年住的房子。where(=inwhich)指地点，作状语3.Thereason_______hedidn’tattendthemeetingwasthathewasill.why指原因，作状语如何判断用关系代词还是关系副词当定语从句中缺主语和宾语时用关系代词，不缺时用关系副词1.Iwillneverforgettheday______myfatherreturnedfromAmerica.2.Iwillneverforgettheday___________Ispentwithyou.3.Pleasegivemethereason_______youmadesuchgreatprogress.4.Doyoustillrememberthepark________youvisitedlastyear.5.Thefactory____________myfatherworksisverybig.wherewhich/thatwhywhich/thatwhen常见的几种关系代词只能用that，不能用which的情况1.当先行词为all,each,everything,something,nothing,anything,much,every,no,any,some,many,little,alittle,few,afew,none,either,neither等不定代词，或被其修饰时Thereisnotmuch______oughttobedonerightnow.Ididnothing______mighthurtyou.Ihaddoneallthework______hetoldmetodo.thatthatthat2.当先行词为序数词、形容词最高级，或被其修饰时Thefirst______comestomymindistheWestLake.Thisisthebestfilm______Ihaveeverseen.thatthat关系代词只能用that，不能用which3.当先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame修饰时Thesearticlesaretheveryones______shouldberead.Chattingistheonlything_____interestsher.thatthatShetookphotographsofthethingsandpeople______shewasinterestedin.4.当先行词既指人又指物时that关系代词不能用that的情况1.引导非限制性定语从句时2.在介词后不能用that.Thisisthebook,

whichhegavemeyesterday.这就是他昨天给我的那本书。Thisisthebankin

whichtherobberyhappened.这是那家发生抢劫案的银行。小结：1.在逗号后；2.在介词后Exercisesthat1.Thebook____________wasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.2.Thisisthemostbeautifulmountain____Ihaveseen.3.Ihaveafriend__________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.4.Yesterdayshesoldhercar,______sheboughtamonthago.5.Herearesomepeople

___

Iwantyoutomeet.6.Finally,thethiefhandedineverything_______hehadstolen.7.Weallliketheteachers_______classesareinterestingandcreative.8.Iwillneverforgetthepac