Unit 3【速记清单】-2023-2024学年八年级英语上册单元速记•巧练（牛津上海版）（解析版）

第页Unit3Trouble！Trouble话题词汇trouble，happen，argument，hold，crowd，stare，through，stea，suddenly，notice，follow，hurry，aboard，strange，afraid，dial，report，theft，detail，as短语dealwith解决，处理，应付happento遭到，遇到stareat盯着……看begoingon/behappening发生goaboard上船（飞机等）goafter追赶某人；跟在某人后面beafraidof害怕，畏惧put…down放下getoff下车，下船indetail详细地beworriedabout担心，担忧waitfor等待，等候shoutat冲……嚷嚷，冲……喊叫shoutbackat冲……回嚷holdout递出东西，伸出手（或胳膊）movethrough在……中穿梭goon发生catchone’snotice引起某人的注意takenoticeof注意，留心runaway逃跑，逃离句型writeabout…写关于oneday“(将来/过去的)一天”，通常用于一般过去时或一般将来时eachother“彼此，互相”在英语中被称为“相互代词”hearsb．doingsth．听到某人正在干某事was/weredoingsth.过去正在做某事语法一般过去时、过去状语短语考点1.troublen(l)麻烦e.g.Tomnevermakesanytroubleatschool.汤姆在学校从不惹麻烦。(2)困难；困境e.g.Wegotintroublewhenthecarbrokedowninastorm.车子在暴风雨中坏了，我们陷入了困境。【例题】Don'tbringMrWang__________.Heistootired.A.toomuchtroubleB.somanytroublesC.muchtootroubleD.somoretroubles【解析】trouble作“麻烦”讲为不可数名词，没有复数形式，因此B、D不对，而toomuch后接不可数名词，muchtoo后接形容词／副词。【答案】A考点2.happenv.出现，发生【例题】Whathappenednext,Jim?后来怎么啦，吉姆？【拓展】【常用搭配】(1)happentosb．／sth．成为某人（事）的体验或命运；降临到某人（事）的头上e.g.What'shappenedtomyfeet?Theyhurtbadly!我的脚怎么了？很疼呀！(2)happentobe/do恰巧，碰巧e.g.MaryhappenedtobetherewhenIwentintothekitchen.=IthappenedthatMarywastherewhenlwentintothekitchen.当我进厨房的时候，恰巧玛莉在那。【点睛提示】【指点迷津：happen，takeplace】happen和takeplace都表示“发生”，二者都不能用于被动语态，happen强调偶然性，而takeplace则强调必然性或计划性。e.g.Thetrafficaccidenthappenedonafoggyafternoon，这起交通事故发生在一个多雾的下午。Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown．我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。【例题】用适当的词或词组填空Whenwillthewedding__________?【解析】根据句意“婚礼什么时候举行”，是指计划性发生某事，故答案为takeplace。【答案】takeplace考点3.stealv.偷，窃取【例句】AthiefstolemymobilephonethisFebruary.今年2月，我的手机被小偷给偷了。【拓展】【指点迷津：rob,steal】rob一般有暴力抢夺的含义，而steal却是偷偷摸摸盗取的意思。它们的搭配分别为stealsth.fromsb．和robsb.ofsth.考点4.throughprep.(l)穿过，通过e.g.Theydrovethroughthetunnel.他们开车穿过了隧道。(2)从开始到结束，自始至终e.g.Theytravelledthroughthenight.他们走了一整夜。(3)因为e.g.Shegotthejobthroughherfather，她是通过她父亲而得到这份工作的。(4)接通电话e.g.CanyouputmethroughtoJillKnight,please?劳驾，请吉尔·奈特接电话。【拓展】【指点迷津：across,through,over,by】acrossthroughoverby从一边到另一边一边进入，一边穿出从一边到另一边，须跨越从边上经过e.g.Theduckswamacrosstheriver.鸭子游到了河对岸。Abirdflewintotheroomthroughthewindow.一只小鸟穿过了窗户飞进了屋子。Ijumpedoverthewallintothegarden.我翻墙进入花园。Shedidn’tnoticemewhenshepassedby.她经过我身边的时候没注意到我。【例句】Theyoungmenwalked_________theforestandcametoabigriveratlast.A.onB.overC.throughD.across【解析】句意：几个年轻人穿过一个森林，最终来到一条大河前。on表示“在。。。上”，over表示“在。。。正上方”，through表示“通过，穿过”，侧重从物体的内部穿过，across表示“横穿”，侧重从物体的表面经过。“穿过”森林，通常用through，表示从内部穿过，因此C正确。【答案】C考点5.noticev.注意到n.警告，通知【例句】Doyounoticewhatheiswearing?你注意到他穿什么了吗？Thenoticeonthedoorsaidthatthelibrarywasclosed。门上的通知说图书馆关门了。【拓展】noticesb.dosth注意某人干好某事／noticesb.doingsth．注意某人正在干某事e.g.Inoticedhimwalkintotheroom．我注意到他进了房间。=Inoticedthathecameintotheroom,Inoticedhimeatingimpolitely.我注意到他正不礼貌地吃着。=Inoticedthathewaseatingimpolitely.考点6.follow【拓展】(1)v.跟随e.g.FollowmeandI'llshowyoutheway.跟着我，我给你指路。YougofirstandI'llfollow(you)later.您先请，我跟着您！(2)v.领会；理解e.g.I'mafraidIdon'tfollowyou．对不起你讲的我没听懂。Themathsproblemwasalittledifficulttofollow．这道数学题有点难懂。【知识拓展】(1)followern.迫随者；崇拜者e.g.St.PeterwasoneofChrist'sfirstfollowers．圣·彼得是基督最早的门徒之一。(2)followingadj.next随后的e.g.MyfriendWillcalledmethefollowingday．我的朋友威尔第二天给我打了电话。【例句】选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。I'msorryIcan'tfollowyou.A.takeB.understandC.teachD.catch【解析】因为follow在此句意思为“理解；领会”，所以正确答案为B。【答案】B考点7.theftn.偷，盗窃罪【例句】Whattimedidthethefttakeplace?这起偷窃案发生在什么时候？【拓展】robvt.“抢劫，盗窃”，robsb.ofsth.抢某人某物。e.g.Herobbedmeofmywatch.他抢走了我的手表。robber.n.抢劫者e.g.Hewasarobbertwoyearsago.两年前他是一个抢劫犯。【例题】Look！Therearesome___________(rob)inthejewelrystore.【解析】因为some修饰名词复数，rob为动词，故用rob的名词的复数形式，所以正确答案填robbers。考点8.本单元重点词组dealwith解决，处理，应付happento遭到，遇到stareat盯着……看begoingon/behappening发生goaboard上船（飞机等）goafter追赶某人；跟在某人后面beafraidof害怕，畏惧put…down放下getoff下车，下船indetail详细地beworriedabout担心，担忧waitfor等待，等候shoutat冲……嚷嚷，冲……喊叫shoutbackat冲……回嚷holdout递出东西，伸出手（或胳膊）movethrough在……中穿梭goon发生catchone’snotice引起某人的注意takenoticeof注意，留心runaway逃跑，逃离语法精讲——一般过去时&过去状语短语一、基本概念一般过去时通常表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。如：Mr.Wilsonwasaprofessor.威尔逊先生以前是教授。Therewerewolvesinthewoods.以前这片森林里有狼。Hehadanewcar.他以前有辆新车。Theyboughtbeautifuldressesfortheparty.她们为聚会买了漂亮的裙子。二、用法详解动词过去式变形规则动词的过去式

1.一般情况下，在动词原形后面加-ed。

looklooked

playplayed

startstarted

visitvisited

pull-pulled,

cook-cooked2.以不发音e结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-d。

livelived

useused

taste-tasted3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，先将y改为i,再加–ed。

studystudied

trytried

4.以重读闭音节（即辅音＋元音＋辅音）或r音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写这个辅音字母后，再加–ed。

stopstopped

planplanned

preferpreferred

不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was,

are-were（是）,become-became(成为)go-went（走）,（买）buy--bought，sell--sold(卖）come-came（来）,take-took（拿）,have(has)-had（有），begin（开始）--began,

bring（拿来）--brought,

can（能）--could,

catch（捉住）--caught,

cut（砍，割）--cut,

do/does（做，干）--did,

draw（画画,拉）--drew,

drink（喝）--drank,

drive（驾驶）--drove,

eat（吃）--ate,

fall（跌倒，落下）--fell,

feel（感觉）--felt,

fly（飞）--flew,

get（获得）--got,

give（给）gave,

grow（生长）--grew,

keep（保持）--kept,

know（知道，认识）--knew,

learn（学习）--learnt,

leave（离开）--left,

let（让）--let,

lie（躺，平放）--lay,make（使得，做）--made,

may（可以）--might,

must（必须）--must,read（读）--read,

ride（骑）--rode,

ring（鸣铃）--rang,

run（跑）--ran,

say说）--said,

see（看见）--saw,

sell（卖）--sold,

send（送）--sent,

set（放）--set,

sing（唱歌）--sang,

sit（坐）--sat,

sleep（睡觉）--slept,

speak（说话）--spoke,spend（花费）--spent,stand（站立）--stood,swim（游泳）--swam,

teach（教）--taught,

tell（告诉）--told,

think（认为）--thought,

throw（投掷）--threw,understand（懂得）--understood,

wear（穿）--wore,

will（将要）--would,

win（获胜）--won,

(弯曲)bend--bent,blow--blew(吹)，选择choosechose一般过去时的基本用法表示在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,last+时间,thismorning

时间+ago,justnow,amomentago,in+过去的时间,ThepandagavebirthtoababylastTuesday.大熊猫上周二产下了一只小熊猫。DadtookmetotheCarnivalyesterday.昨天爸爸带我去参加嘉年华。表示在过去一段时间里，经常性或习惯性的动作或状态。如：IwatchedtheWorldCupeverydaylastmonth.上个月我每天都看世界杯比赛。IcollectedcoinswhenIwasachild.我校的时候收集硬币。 表示过去的时间状语我们可以在一般过去时的句子中使用一些表示“过去”的时间状语，用以表明事情或动作究竟是过去的什么时候发生的。常见的用于表示“过去”的时间状语有：last意为“上一个，最近的一个”，常用的搭配有：lastweek,lastyear,lastmonth,lastnight.等。yesterday意为“昨天”。由此变化而来的搭配还有:thedaybeforeyesterday,yesterdaymorning,yesterdayafternoon,yesterdayevening等。ago意为“之前”，常用的搭配有：threeweeksago,tenminutesago,anhourago等。in+年份，如：Emmaleftschoolin1993.8AU3Vocabulary根据音标，词性和中文写单词序号英文音标词性中文1/evə(r)/adv.在任何时候，从来2/ɑ:gju:/v.争论，争吵，争辩3/trʌbl/n.问题，困难4/ʌnju:ʒʊəl/adj.特别的，不寻常的5/ɑ:gjʊmənt/n.争论，争吵6/kraʊd/n.人群，观众7/steə/v.盯着看，凝视8/θru:/prep.穿过，贯穿9/kwaɪətlɪ/adv.轻轻地，安静地10/sti:l/v.偷，窃取11/pɜːs/n.钱包12/pəʊstkɑ:d/n.明信片13/gɒn/adj.不复存在的，离开了，走了14/geɪt/n.大门15/əbɔːd/adv.上船16/streɪndʒ/adj.奇怪的，异常的17/daɪəl/v.拨号18/θeft/n.偷，偷窃19/di:teɪl/n.资料，信息20/wʌrɪd/adj.担心的，发愁的21/ri:əlaɪz/v.意识到，领会22/fæt/adj.打斗，打架23/rɑ:ðə/adv.相当，在某种程度下24/daʊnsteəz/adv.在楼下，往楼下【答案】1.ever 2.argue 3.trouble 4.unusual 5.argument 6.crowd 7.stare 8.through quietly 10.steal 11.purse 12.postcard 13.gone 14.gate 15.aboard strange 17.dial 18.theft 19.detail 20.worried 21.realize 22.fight23.rather 24.downstairs 词汇语法复习（1）8AU3词性转换整理1n.争论，争吵，争辩v.争论，争吵，争辩【答案】argument argue2n.问题，困难adj.讨厌的，麻烦的，困难的【答案】trouble troublesome3adj.常见的，平常的，普通的adj.特别的，不寻常的【答案】usual unusual4n.人群，观众adj.拥挤的【答案】crowd crowded5v.担忧adj.担心的【答案】worry worriedKeyphrasesandsentences.1.Pauliswritingaboutanunusualthingthathappenedtohimoneday.★writeabout…写关于…★happentosth“遭到，遇到”强调某人发生某情况，尤指不幸的事。Whatwillhappentohernow?她现在会发生什么事呢？happentodosth“恰好，碰巧，偶然做某事”Ijusthappentofeelthat.我碰巧那样觉得。★oneday“(将来/过去的)一天”，通常用于一般过去时或一般将来时。Iamsurehewillsucceedonedayanother.Hedreamedofbecomingafamousscientistoneday.2.Twowomentouristsandayoungmanwereshoutingateachother.★womentourists是womantourist的复数形式。我们可以用man或woman修饰另一个名词来表明名词的性别，此时若要变为复数形式，须将man或woman与被修饰的名词一同变为复数形式。如：amandriver一个男司机twomendrivers两个男司机但是girl和boy这两个词虽然也是表示性别的，但是在修饰名词时，一律用它们的单数形式。如:agirlstudent一个女学生twogirlstudents两个女学生★eachother“彼此，互相”在英语中被称为“相互代词”a.eachother指两者之间，oneanother指三者或三者以上之间Myparentsrespecteachother.Thesea,thelandandtheskyseemtomeltintooneanotherinthispicture.这幅图画上的大海、陆地和蓝天似乎融为了一体。b.两者均有所有格Theyknoweachother’s/oneanother’sweakpoints.他们都彼此了解对方的弱点。c.汉语“互相”是副词，但是英语中的eachother和oneanother都为相互代词。因此及物动词之后可接它们用作宾语，如helpeachother。而在不及物动词之后则要借助介词，如talktoeachother,learnfromoneanother等。3.TodaymydadandIwerewaitingfortheferry…今天我父亲和我正等渡轮…过去进行时表示在过去的某一时间或时间段内正在发生的行为或动作，常与atsevenlastnight，fromthreetofivethisafternoon，atthattime，thewholemorning等词组或用when和while引导的时间状语连用。e.g.IwaswatchingTVateightlastnight．昨天晚上八点我正在看电视。4.…weheardabigargument,…我们听见了一场大争论。hearsb．doingsth．听到某人正在干某事★hear是感官动词，其后常跟不带to的动词不定式或现在分词作宾语补足语，即hearsb.dosth，或hearsb.doingsth.hearsb.dosth．意为“听到某人做了某事”，表示经常做某事或表示某个动作的全过程。e.g.Ioftenhearhersinginthenextroom．我经常听到她在隔壁的房间里唱歌。Iheardhimcomeintotheclassroom，我听到他进了教室。★hearsb.doingsth．意为“听到某人正在做某事”，表示一个动作正在进行。e.g.Ihearsomeonereadingintheclassroom．我听到有人正在教室里读书。5．Nooneknewwhatwashappening．没人知道发生了什么。★宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。宾语从句的构成方式：①由that引导（that可以省略），从属连词that本身没有意义。e.g.Heknowsshe'llbebackinaweek．他知道她一个星期之后将回来。②由连接代词或连接副词引导。连接代词：what，whose，which，who连接副词：when，where，why，howe.g.Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion．他问谁能回答这个问题。★was/weredoingsth.过去正在做某事e.g.Iwasdoingmyhomeworkthistimeyesterday.我昨天这个时候正在做作业。6．What'sgoingon?（-What'sup?/What'shappening？）发生什么事了？e.g.Tellmewhat'sgoingon．告诉我发生了什么事。PracticePractice一、阅读单选Doyouknowwhyyougetangrysoeasilywhileyourfriendsmilesallthetime?It’sprobablybecauseyouhavedifferentpersonalities.Thenwhatispersonality(性格)?Personalityisabouthowpeoplethink,behave,andreacttoeverythingaroundthem.Sowhatmakespeoplethinkandbehaveincertainways?Partofthereasonisthatpeoplearebornlikethis.Ababygetsitsbloodtypeandgeneswhenitisstillinsideitsmother.Thesethingsmayhelpdecidewhatthebabywillbelike.Butone’spersonalitydoesn’tstophere.Familylife,schoollearningandlifeexperiencescanalsomakeyouthepersonyouare.Thisdoesn’tmeanit’simpossibletochangeyourpersonality.Youcanalwaystrytomakeyourselfbetter.Don’tgettooworriedaboutyourshortcomings.Justacceptthem.Thisisagoodwaytostartmakingchanges.Ifyoudon’tknowhowtomakefriends,findoutwhy.Isitbecauseyou’retooshy?Tellyourselftosmileatpeople.Starttalkingtopeoplebyusingwarmgreetings.Butdon’tgiveyourselfahardtimeaboutitall.Afterall,it’snoteasytochangelifelonghabitsinonenight.Keepworkingatit.Onedayyou’llseethatyoucanturnoveranewleafandbeanewyou!根据材料内容，选择正确答案。1．PersonalityisaboutthefollowingEXCEPT________.A．howyouthinkaboutsomething B．whatyoulooklikeC．howyoubehave D．howyoureacttosomething2．Whatcaninfluenceaperson’spersonalityaccordingtothepassage?①bloodtype

②genes

③familylife

④height

⑤schoollearning

⑥lifeexperiencesA．①②③④⑤ B．①②③④⑥ C．①②④⑤⑥ D．①②③⑤⑥3．Theunderlinedword“it”refersto_________.A．thebaby B．thebloodtype C．thegene D．thepersonality4．Fromthelastparagraph,wecanlearnthat_________.A．ashypersoncan’tmakemanyfriendsB．thereisnowaytochangeyourlifelonghabitsC．youcanchangeyourselfifyoukeepworkingatitD．it’seasytochangeoneselfinashorttime5．Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Peoplearebornthewaythey’llalwaysbe.B．Thebloodtypedecidesaperson’slook.C．Apersoncannotchangehisorherpersonalityatall.D．It’spossibleforapersontochangehisorherpersonality.【答案】1．B2．D3．A4．C5．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，解释了一个人的性格是怎样形成的。1．细节理解题。根据“Personalityisabouthowpeoplethink,behave,andreacttoeverythingaroundthem.”可知，性格是关于人们如何思考、行为以及对周围事物的反应。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据“Ababygetsitsbloodtypeandgeneswhenitisstillinsideitsmother.Thesethingsmayhelpdecidewhatthebabywillbelike.”以及“Butone’spersonalitydoesn’tstophere.Familylife,schoollearningandlifeexperiencescanalsomakeyouthepersonyouare.”可知，影响一个人性格的因素有血型、基因、家庭生活、学校学习和生活经历，故选D。3．词义猜测题。根据“Ababygetsitsbloodtypeandgeneswhenitisstillinsideitsmother.”可知，当婴儿还在母亲体内时，就有了自己的血型和基因。此处的“it”指代的是“婴儿”，故选A。4．段落大意题。根据最后一段的介绍及“Afterall,it’snoteasytochangelifelonghabitsinonenight.Keepworkingatit.Onedayyou’llseethatyoucanturnoveranewleafandbeanewyou!”可知，人的生活习惯不是一夜之间就可以改变的，需要不断努力，总有一天会发现自己成为了新的自己，故选C。5．推理判断题。根据“Keepworkingatit.Onedayyou’llseethatyoucanturnoveranewleafandbeanewyou!”可知，一个人可以改变他/她的性格，故选D。Johnsonismybestfriend.Weliveinthesamebuilding.Westudyinthesameschoolbutnotinthesameclass.Weoftenchat,playfootballtogetherafterschool.Iknowhimlongagoandwehavebeengoodfriendsfortwoyears.Johnsonistallandstrongwithblackhair.Hehasaroundface,asmallnoseandbigbrowneyes.Ilikehiseyesbecausetheyarealwaysbrightandsmiling.Ithinkheisgood-looking.Manyofuswanttobehisfriends.Johnsonisalwaysfriendlyandhelpful.WhenIfeelboredorunhappy,hetellsmefunnyjokesandmakesmelaugh.He’llgivemehelpwhenIneed.Heisalsoverygenerous（慷慨的）.Heisalwayswillingtosharethingswithhisfriends.Johnsonisverysmart.Hereadsalotofbooks.Heisgoodatsingingandactsverywell.Hewouldliketomakepeoplehappywithhissongsandperformances（表演）whenhegrowsup.IbelievethathecanbecomeaspopularasJackieChanandtravelaroundtheworldinthefuture.6．ThewriterandJohnsonare________.A．classmates B．brothers C．friends D．sisters7．WhendidthewritergettoknowJohnson?A．Longago. B．Twoyearsago. C．In2008. D．In2007.8．WhatisJohnsonlike?A．He’smusicalandsporty. B．He’sveryhappy. C．He’shelpfulandfriendly. D．He’spolite.9．WhatmayJohnsonwanttobewhenhegrowsup?A．Anactor. B．AnEnglishteacher. C．Adoctor. D．Apoliceman.10．What’sthemainideaoftheshortstory?A．Agreatstudent. B．Agoodyoungman. C．MyfriendJohnson. D．MyfriendJackieChan.【答案】6．C7．A8．C9．A10．C【导语】本文主要介绍了作者的好朋友Johnson，包括他的外貌、性格、特长和梦想等。6．细节理解题。根据“Johnsonismybestfriend.”可知，作者和Johnson是好朋友。故选C。7．细节理解题。根据“Iknowhimlongagoandwehavebeengoodfriendsfortwoyears.”可知，作者很久以前就认识Johnson了。故选A。8．细节理解题。根据“Johnsonisalwaysfriendlyandhelpful.”可知，Johnson总是很友善，乐于助人。故选C。9．推理判断题。根据“Hewouldliketomakepeoplehappywithhissongsandperformances（表演）whenhegrowsup.IbelievethathecanbecomeaspopularasJackieChanandtravelaroundtheworldinthefuture.”可知，他想长大后用歌声和表演来让人们快乐起来，我也相信他能像成龙一样受欢迎。成龙是一名演员，因此可推测他长大后可能想成为像成龙一样的一名演员。故选A。10．主旨大意题。根据“Johnsonismybestfriend.”以及全文内容可知，文章介绍了作者最好的朋友Johnson。故选C。NameAppearanceHobbyJobTinaShehaslongstraightblondehairandbigeyes.Sheisnotheavyorthin.Sheoftenwearsaskirt.Shealsolikeswearingahat.playingcomputergames,singingsingerPeterHeistallwithshortcurlybrownhair.Hehasaroundface,andasmallmouth.HelikeswearingT-shirtsandshorts.swimming,watchingballgamespoliceartistHelenShehasshortwhitehairandsmallblueeyes.Sheoftenwearsglasseswithasmallandroundframe（镜框）.swimming,reading,playingbadmintonteacherDavidHehasshortcurlyhair,bigblackeyesandablackbeard（胡须）.Healwayswearsglasseswithablackframe.HeoftenwearsbluejeansandaT-shirtwithaword“love”onit.writing,playingtheguitaractor11．WhatdoesTinalooklike?A．Sheisnottallorshort. B．Shehaslongstraighthair.C．Shewearsglasses. D．Shehasblueeyes.12．WhatdoesPeterlike?A．Hehasaroundface. B．Helikesswimming.C．Heisapoliceartist. D．Helikesreading.13．WheredoesHelenwork?A．Inabank. B．Inahospital. C．Inapoliceoffice. D．Inaschool.14．Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?A．HelenandDavidbothwearglasses. B．HelenandPeterbothlikereading.C．TinaandDavidaresingers. D．PeterandDavidbothlikewatchinggames.15．Fromthepassage（文章）,wecanknowthat________.A．allofthefourpeopleoftenwearshirts B．TinaandPeterlikedoingsportsC．HelenandDavidhaveshorthair D．allofthefourpeoplelikeplayinggames【答案】11．B12．B13．D14．A15．C【导语】本文介绍了四个人的外貌、穿着、爱好以及工作情况。11．细节理解题。根据“Tina”栏对应的内容“Shehaslongstraightblondehairandbigeyes.Sheisnotheavyorthin.”可知，她有一头长长的金发和一双大眼睛。她既不重也不瘦。故选B。12．细节理解题。根据“Peter”中“Hobby”栏对应的内容“swimming,watchingballgames”可知，他喜欢游泳，看球赛。故选B。13．推理判断题。根据“Helen”中“Job”栏对应的内容“teacher”可知，Helen的职业是教师，应该是在学校工作。故选D。14．细节理解题。根据“Helen”中对应的内容“Sheoftenwearsglasseswithasmallandroundframe（镜框）.”以及“David”对应的内容“Healwayswearsglasseswithablackframe.”可知，Helen和David两人都戴眼镜，故选A。15．细节理解题。根据“Helen”中对应的内容“Shehasshortwhitehairandsmallblueeyes.”以及“David”对应的内容“Hehasshortcurlyhair,bigblackeyesandablackbeard（胡须）.”可知，Helen和David两人都留短发。故选C。二、阅读回答问题阅读短文，然后根据短文内容，简要回答下列问题。Formanychildren,theirbirthdayistheirfavoriteday.Theylikespendingitwiththeirparentsandfriends.Allparentswanttohold(举办)wonderfulbirthdaypartiesfortheirchildren.LastSaturdaywasTom’sfourthbirthday.Hismother,Mrs.Green,helpedhimtoinvitesixfriendstotheirhouse.SheheldaverynicepartyforTom.Mrs.Greenpreparedforthepartyforalongtime.Shethoughtabouttheirages,theactivities,thetime,thefood,thecakeandthegifts.Shesaid,“Don’tletthepartylast(持续)toolong.Forchildren’sparty,90minutesortwohoursisenough.”Attheparty,Mrs.Greenchoseanicecakeforthechildren.Shealsopreparedsomegiftsforthem.Theywereveryhappy.16．Whomadetheinvitation?17．Whatwastheinvitationfor?18．Whenwastheparty?19．Howlongwillthechildren’spartylast?20．DidTom’smotherpreparegiftsforTom’sfriends?【答案】16．Mrs.Green./Tom’smother.17．TocelebrateTom’s(fourth)birthday./Tom’s(fourth)birthday.18．LastSaturday.19．(About)90minutesor2hours.20．Yes,shedid.【导语】本文主要讲述了格林夫人为儿子汤姆举办四岁生日派对的事情。16．根据“Hismother,Mrs.Green,helpedhimtoinvitesixfriendstotheirhouse.”可知，汤姆的母亲格林夫人帮他邀请了六位朋友到他们家做客。故填Mrs.Green./Tom’smother.17．根据“LastSaturdaywasTom’sfourthbirthday.Hismother,Mrs.Green,helpedhimtoinvitesixfriendstotheirhouse.SheheldaverynicepartyforTom.”可知，邀请是为了庆祝汤姆的四岁生日，故填TocelebrateTom’s(fourth)birthday./Tom’s(fourth)birthday.18．根据“LastSaturdaywasTom’sfourthbirthday...SheheldaverynicepartyforTom.”可知，派对时间是在上周六，故填LastSaturday.19．根据“Forchildren’sparty,90minutesortwohoursisenough”可知，时间会持续90分钟或两个小时。故填(About)90minutesor2hours.20．根据“Shethoughtabouttheirages,theactivities,thetime,thefood,thecakeandthegifts”可知，汤姆的妈妈为汤姆的朋友们准备了礼物，此处作肯定回答，故填Yes,shedid.The31stFISU（国际大学生体育联合会）WorldUniversityGamesopenedonFridayeveningatDong’anLakeSportsParkStadiuminChengdu,capitalofsouthwestChina’sSichuanProvince.RunningfromJuly28toAugust8,theChengduUniversiade（世界大学生运动会）,withtheslogan（标语）of“ChengduMakesDreamsComeTrue”,isthefirstinternationalsportGamesinChinaaftertheCOVID-19.Chengdu,Sichuanprovince,isthethirdcitytohosttheUniversiade,followingBeijingin2001