2024年中考英语语法短文填空真题汇编（附答案）3145

年中考短文填空真题汇编P31阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）Hotpot,MapoTofuandFishFiletsinHotChiliOil(水煮鱼)—thesedishesarewell-knownnamesinChina.Andtheyallhaveonething66common:They’reverynumbing(麻的)andspicy(辣的).“Numbingandspicy”isaspecialphrasewhichisused67(describe)Sichuanfood.Generally,SichuancooksaregoodatusingPixianBroadBeanPaste(郫县豆瓣).It68(see)as“thesoul(灵魂)ofSichuandishes”bymanypeople.As69result,theyarequitedifferentfromthedriedandspicyHunanfoodandthesourandspicyGuizhoufood.However,toSichuandishes,thereismuchmorethan70(they)numbingandspicyflavor(味道)becauseSichuancooksareabletocreateallkindsofflavors.SopeoplepraiseSichuandishes,“Eachdish71(have)itsownstyle;ahundreddisheshaveahundreddifferentflavors.”Thereareat72(little)24kindsofflavorsinSichuandishesandonlyone-thirdofthemarespicy.Somedishesareneithernumbing73spicy,likesweetandsourfish.VisitorstoSichuanaresurprisedatsomany74(choice)theyhaveforfood.Sichuanis75(certain)agreatplacetostartyourChinesefoodjourney.66.in67.todescribe68.isseen69.a70.their71.has72.least73.nor74.choices75.certainlyP32短文填空通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后选出可以填入短文空格处的词，并将该词的字母代号（不写出该词）填写在答题卡相应的位置上。（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）Imaginelivinginaworldyoucan’tseetheobstacles(障碍)inyourway,thetrafficlightsatacrossing,orthefacesofpeoplearoundyou.Formillions56theblind,thisisadailyreality(现实).Traditionalguidedogshaveprovidednecessarysupportfortheblind,helpingthemmove57.However,trainingatraditionalguidedogisunbelievably58andtakestonsoftime.Itmeansthatthenumberofguidedogsissmallerthanthatofblindpeople.Luckily,goodnewscomes!ThankstoresearchersfromNorthwesternPolytechnicalUniversity(西北工业大学)inChina,AIguidedogsmaysoon59availabletothem.Theyachievedabreakthrough(突破)usinganAIlanguagemodel.TheresearchersaredevelopinganAIguidedogthatcanhelpblindpeople60streets,useliftsandwalkaroundindoorswithouthavingtobeconnectedtotheInternet.“Inrecentyears,therehavebeensomeelectronicguidedogs,61theycannothaveconversationswithpeopleorfullyunderstandhumaninstructions,”saidSunZhe,ateacherattheuniversity.“Theycanonlycarryouttasksaccordingtopre-designedprograms.Theyarejustcoldmachines.That’snot62.”“Ourresearchmakesitpossiblefortheblindtogetbetterguidanceserviceandbelesslonely.Blindpeoplefacemany63indailylife.AIguidedogscanoffer64amoreconvenientandsaferlife.”Sunadded.Accordingtotheresearchteam,therearestillsomewaystogobeforetheguidedogcanbeputintouse,andtheywillputmore65intoitandmakeitavailabletopeopleinneedassoonaspossible.(A.become B.but C.of D.effort E.challengesF.expensive G.them H.cross I.enough J.safely)P33语言运用（共20小题；每小题1分，计20分）A.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完整。第一个方框供41—45小题选用，第二个方框供46—50小题选用。每个选项只能使用一次，每框有一项剩余。A.dangerousB.dressC.lookafterD.insurpriseE.safeF.appearedSomewheredeepintherainforestsandmountainsofColombiathere’saveryspecialwoman.Youmayneverseeher,butshe’sthereallthesame.Shewearsa41madeofleaves.She’sgotnoshoesonherfeetandshehasaringofwildflowersonherhead.HernameisMotherMountain.Herjobisto42natureandtheenvironment,andtomakesurethatnooneharmsit.Theanimalsoftherainforestsandmountainsloveher.She’stheirfriend,andtheyknowthatthey’re43withher.Onedayamancameintotheforest.Hesawabear.Ashewasgettingreadytocatchitwithanet(网),MotherMountainsuddenly44fromnowhereandcaughtthenetinherstronghands.Themanturnedandlookedather45.A.importantB.madeasoftnoiseC.beautifulD.meatE.felltothegroundF.fruit“Whyhaveyoucomeintotheforest?”sheasked.“Toget46formychildrentoeat,”themansaid.“Youcan’tkillanyanimals,”MotherMountainsaid.Slowlyhergreeneyesturnedredandshesaid,“Theenvironmentis47foryouandme!Gettosleepnow.Thenwakeupandsee!”Theman48inadeepsleep.ThebeartouchedMotherMountainand49.Itseemedtobesaying“Thankyou,MotherMountain.”Themensleptforseveralhours.Thenhewokeupfromhisdeepsleepandlookedround.Hedidn’tseeMotherMountain.Shewasn’tthere.Heonlysawhow50theforestanditsanimalswere.Hewalkedhomeandpromisednevertohurtananimalagain.B.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。HiAlice,Howareyou?Iwanttotellyouaboutmytriptothecityspacemuseumtwodaysago.Ihaveneverbeentherebefore,soIwas51(excite)!IwastakingcareofmylittlesisterandshewasboredsoIsaid,“Wearegoingonan52(usual)experience!”Whenwearrived,westartedtoexplore(探索).Thespacemuseumisverylargeandfullofinterestingandexcitingobjects53(touch).Thefirstroomyouenterlookslikedeepspace.Thereisinformationaboutdifferentplanetswithaquiz(知识竞赛)attheend.The54(win)hasachancetoinventanameforaplanet—that’sexciting,isn’tit?The55(two)roomlooksliketheinsideofaspaceship.Youcantouchanastronaut’sspacesuit(宇航服).Itlooksreallyheavy!Idon’tknowhowanastronautcanwearit.Itlooksalittleold.Idon’tknowwhenit56(make),either.Andyoucanseewheretheastronautspreparetheirfood.Didyouknowtheyuseaknife,forkandspoontoeat?Ididn’t.Ithoughtitwasallinbags.Wewerelookingattheovenfromthespaceshipwhenmysister57(tell)meshewashungry.Sowewenttohaveasnack.Theywerepreparingapizza(比萨饼)intherestaurantandthesmelloffoodalwaysmakesmehungrysowehadapieceofpizza!Itwasdelicious.Whilewe58(eat)apizza,theywerebaking(烘焙)biscuits,soweatesome.Don’tworry!Wehaveboughtsome59you—youwilllovethem!Theylooklikerocketsandtastelikehoney!Afterlunch,weexploredmoreofthemuseum60stayedfortherestoftheday.Theywereturningoffthelightswhenweleft!Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum?Seeyousoon!Helen41-45BCEFD46-50DAEBC51.excited;52.unusual;53.totouch;54.winner;55.second;56.wasmade;57.told;58.wereeating;59.for;60.and.P34用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词或短语限用一次。quick,they,in,ear,sothat,cold,help,pickup,example,whyWhenitcomestorabbits,wealwaysthinkoftheirlongears.Butdoyouknow1theyhavesuchlongears?Withtheirlongears,rabbitscan2soundsfromuptothreekilometersaway.Mostrabbitscanmovetheirearsintwodifferentdirections.Eachearcanturnupto270degrees.This3themtohearthesoundsfromalldirections.For4,whentheyhearthesoundsofawolfcoming,therabbitscan5runaway.Anotherreasonwhyrabbitshavelongearsisforcontrolling6bodytemperature.Rabbitshavemanybloodvessels(血管)intheirlong7.Whenarabbitfeelshotthebloodvesselswillbecomegreater8size.Thisallowsmorebloodtomovetoitsears.Asairblowsover,itmakesthebloodcooldown.Thenthecoolbloodmovestootherpartsofthebody9itfeelscomfortable.However,lessbloodmovestotherabbit’searson10days.Thishelpstokeeptheheat.01-10why;pickup;helps;example;quickly;their;ears;in;sothat;coldP35阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。Haveyouheardofwallball?Wallballisasimplesporttoplay.Youonlyneedaball31awall,soyoucanplayanywhereatanytime.Asthenameshows,wallballisabouthittingasmallballagainstawall.Todothis,keepyourhandopenanduseyourpalm(手掌)tohitit.Usually,gloves32(need),butyoucanchoosenottowearthem.Youcanuseeitherofyour33(hand)tohittheball.Twoplayerstaketurnstohittheball.Oneplayerbounces(弹起)theballonceandhitsitagainstthewall.Then34otherplayerhitsitbacktothewall.Ifaplayerfailstohittheballtothewallbeforeitbouncestwice，thisplayerwillloseonepoint。Theplayerthatreaches11,15or21pointsfirstwinsthegame.Beforestarting,makesurehowmanypointsyouwant35(reach).Ifyouwintwogamesfirst,you’llwinthematch.Butifthegamescoreis1-1,onemoregameisoftenplayed.“Lastmonth,we36(have)severalmatchesagainstotherschools.Everymatchwas37(exciting)thanIthought.Ican’twaitforthenextyear’smatch!Itmakes38(I)crazy,”saidJames,awallballloverfromtheUK.Moreandmorepeopletodaybecomeinterested39wallball.Someclubshavebuiltcolorfulcourts(球场).However,youcan40(certain)setupyourowncourtathome.Ifyoulikewallball,getstarted.31.and32.areneeded33.hands34.the35.toreach36.had37.moreexciting38.me39.in40.certainlyP36根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。Communityconnectsuswitheachother.Acommunityisa(46)p__________wherepeoplelive,workandplaytogether.It’sjustlikeaschool,where(47)s__________helpeachothertolearn.Peopleinacommunity(48)h__________oneanother,too.Peopleinacommunityhavedifferentskills.Theyoftenhelpneighbors(49)s__________allkindsofproblems.Forexample,sometimespeopledonotfeelwell.The(50)d__________andnurseswillmakethemfeelbetter.Therearealsosomeengineers.Theymayhelppeople(51)f__________theirbrokenbicyclesorwashingmachines.Whenpeopledon’tknowwhattoweartoapartyorhowtodesigntheirhomes,theartistswillgivethemsome(52)a__________.Somecollegestudentsworkasvolunteersintheir(53)s__________time.Theyoftendosomecleaningfortheoldpeopleandhelpstudentswiththeir(54)h__________.Communityisnotabuildingoranorganization.Itislikeabig(55)f__________.Membersofacommunityhaveasenseoftrust,safetyandcaringforeachother.46.place47.students48.help49.solve50.doctors51.fix52.advice53.spare54.homework55.familyP37阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。Icanstillremembermyprimaryschoolhomeworkonanimals.Idecided81(write)aboutthewhale(鲸鱼).Ihavelovedthemfromayoungage.I’mnotquitesurewhyIlovethem.Itmightbesomethingabout82(they)shape.Theyhaveasmoothshape,andtheirtailslooklikeaheart.Theyalsomoveso83(slow)andbeautifully,likeatreedancinginthewind.Thisway,theyseemveryclever.So,ofcourse,oneofmybestmemories84(be)whenIgottoseeatypeofwhalecalledtheSouthernRightWhaleinArgentina.Watchingthemmovingsmoothlyinthewater,Ifelt85(happy)thanever.Theyweresobeautiful!AndI’mnottheonlyonewholoveswhales.Differentpeoplesacrosstheworldhaveaspecialplaceforwhalesintheir86(heart).TaketheMaoripeopleinNewZealandas87example.Livingbytheocean,theyseewhalesasguardians(守护者)oftheoceanandtalkaboutthemalotintheir88(tradition)stories.WhywasIinterestedinwhalesliketheMaoripeople?89theyneedourprotection.That’swhatmyschoolhomeworkwasabout—animalsweneedtoprotect.Whalesplayabigrole90theocean.So,protectingwhalesmeansprotectingthewholeocean.81.towrite82.their83.slowly84.was85.happier86.hearts87.an88.traditional89.Because90.inP38阅读下面的短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文意通顺，结构正确。（每个单词限用一次）earchangeableworksnowsomethingalsowhiledrytheyuntilHaveyoueverbeentoDali?DaliisquiteabeautifulplaceinYunnan.Thewind,theflowers,the26andthemoonarenotonlylandscapesandstylesofDali,but27itsrealsceneriesandcountlessstories.Therearenineteenpeaks(山峰)intheCangshanMountain,allof28aresnow-capped.Thismountain,whichextendsacrossDali,runsfromnorthtosouth,29itreachesthissmalltownwithspringintheair.ItisacompaniontotheErhaiLakeforthousandsofyears.ThecloudsoftheCangshanMountainare30.Whenthecloudsappear,fishingboatsaren’tallowedto31inthelake.Nomatterwhatgoodweatheritisnow,itwillsoonbewindyandthetides(潮汐)willbesohigh.Itseemsthatthestrongwindwouldonlystopwhenthewaterinthelakebecame32.TheErhaiLakeandtheCangshanMountainmakeeachotherbetter.Theshapeofthelakelookslikea(n)33.Manypeoplecomehereeveryyear.Theywon’tdo34exceptsittinginthecourtyardofafolkinn,enjoyingthebreeze(微风)fromthelakeandthenicesceneries.35ridingabikebetweentheErhaiLakeandtheCangshanMountain,youarereallyinawonderland.26.snow;27.also;28.them;29.until;30.changeable;31.work;32.dry;33.ear;34.anything;35.WhileP39语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（共10小题，满分10分）ADoyouknowChatGPT?It’sanartificialintelligence(AI人工智能)tool.Itcananswerquestions,tell1(story),anddomuchmore.Butit’svery“thirsty”,saidanewstudy.ChatGPThas“homes”aroundtheworldindata(数据)centers.2itworks,thecomputersinthedatacentersgetveryhot.Workersthenhavetousewatertocool3(they)down.Coldwatergoesintothepipes(管子)nearthecomputers.WhenyouaskChatGPT20to50questions,it“drinks”500millilitersofwater!BInXi’an,thereisarestaurantownernamedXiongWencheng.He4(offer)the“No.6combo”—afreemeal,tohelppeopleinneedforthreeyears.Thereisasignontherestaurantdoor,itsays,5you5(experience)ahardtimeinXi’annow?Iffyoucan’taffordameal,youcanentertherestaurantandaskforthe‘No.6combo’.”The“No.6combo”ismadeupofabowlofspicysoup,locallycalledhulatang,andabaijimo.It6(consider)asasecretcode(暗号)betweenthecustomerandtherestaurant.Withthissecretcode,theonewhoisinneedcanask7helpwithoutfeelingembarrassed.Actually,it’snot8easyplan.Thecostofthecombois8yuan.Evenif20peopleaskforit,it9(cost)160yuan.Besidesthe“No.6combo”,therestauranthasbeenservingfreebreakfasttostreetsanitationworkers(环卫工人)since2015.Whenaskedwhyhedidthat,Xiong10(say),“It’spossibleforanyonetomeetdifficulties.Ihopethatthosewhoreceivehelpwill,inturn,giveahandtoothers.”1.stories2.When3.them4.hasbeenoffering5.Are;experiencing6.isconsidered7.for8.an9.willcost10.saidP40完形填空阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词语填空。方框中有两个词语为多余选项。（共7小题，满分7分）answer,disappear,hard,like,or,unhappy,satdown,stoodup,whileInavillagenearadesertlivedayoungandsuccessfulbusinessmannamedJames.Heoftenfelt1becauseoftheendlesschallengeshefaced.Oneday,awiseoldmancametothevillagewith100camels(骆驼).Jameswenttoseehimandsaid,“Ialwayshavebusinessworries,familytroublesandhealthproblems.Pleasetellmehowtomakethem2.”Theoldmansmiledandsaid,“I’llgiveyouan3tomorrowmorning.Butfirst,canyoudoasmallthingforme?”Jamesagreed.Theoldmanaskedhimtotakecareofthe100camelsforthenight,makingsurethattheyall4andrestedbeforehecouldgotosleep.Thenextmorning,theoldmanaskedJameshowhisnightwent.Jamessaidsadly,“Ididn’tsleepatall.Nomatterhow5Itried,Icouldn’tgetallthecamelstosittogether.EvenifImanagedtogetsomecamelstositononeside,afewotherswouldstandontheotherside.”“That’strue.Somecamelssatdownontheirown,6othersrequiredsomeeffort,andydyetmanycamelsdidnotsitevenafterquitealotofeffort,”theoldmansaid.Jamesnodded.Theoldmancontinued,“Yourproblemsarejust7thecamels.Therearealwayssomeproblemsthatcannotgetsolvedevenifyou’vetriedyourbest.Leavesuchproblemstotimeuntilonedaytheythemselvescometoanend.”Jamesfeltasenseofunderstanding.Itcompletelychangedthewayhesawlife’schallenges.1.unhappy2.disappear3.answer4.satdown5.hard6.while7.likeP41阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Iworkatamostpopularrestaurantinmyhometown,Iloveworkinghereasamemberofafantasticteam,Peopleherearevery46(friend)andhard-working.IstartedbywashingdisheswhenIwasonly18.Iworkedhard,andsoonbecame47waiter.Simon,whowasheadchef(主厨)then,begantoshow48(I)howtocook.IloveditsomuchandI49(go)tocollegetolearnmore.WhenSimonlettherestaurant,Ibecameheadchef.Atthetimeallthefoodwastraditional.Thequality(品质)wasgood,butIwantedtodosomethingdifferent,soIdecided50(have)adifferentmenu.Nowweservefoodfromalloverthecounty.Therearemanymarketsandfoodshopshere.Ican51(usual)findanyingredient(配料)Ineed.Iusealotofnaturalfood.Somepeoplethinkitisnotsodelicious,52Idon’tagree.Well-preparednaturalfoodhasa53(good)tastethanfastfood.Ourfoodishealthyandmostcustomersloveit.Weusethebestmeatandthefreshestvegetables.Attheweekendweplaymany54(kind)ofmusic.There’salsoaspecialmenu55childrenonSaturdaysandthat’swhenweservetraditionalfood.46-55Friendly;a;me;went;tohave;usually;but;better;kinds;forP42短文填空阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）afterattentioncleancollectcomefirsthehelpfulholdlifeDoyoubelievepickinguprubbishhasbecomeaworldcompetition?InNovemberof2023,thefirstRubbishCollectionWorldCupwas36inAsia.Teamsfrom21countriestookpartinit.Accordingtotherules,eachteamwillhave60minutesto37rubbishasmuchaspossible.Britainfinallywonthe38prize.“Wehopemorepeoplearoundtheworldwillpay39toenvironmentalproblems,”saidaBritishteammember.WhenKen,thefounder(创始人)ofthecompetition,wasinterviewed,hetalkedabouthowhe40upwiththeidea.Severalyearsago,hefoundmanyseaanimalsdied41theyatetherubbishinthesea.Sohestartedtopickuprubbishon42waytothebeacheverymorning.“Pickingupapieceofrubbishmaysaveaturtle’s(海龟的)43.It’salsoagoodwaytokeepthebeach44.”Inhiseyes,changingpeople’sthoughtsaboutrubbishwasmoreimportant.“Pickinguprubbishismeaningfuland45,”addedKen.“Now,Iamgladtohearthatlotsofpeopletakepartinittoprotectourenvironment.”36.hold37.collect38.first39.attention40.came41.after42.his43.life44.clean45.helpfulP43阅读下面短文，用方框内所给词汇的适当形式填空，使短文语义完整。culturethrowbecausefivebreakbemarryancestorstonerepairNüwaisanancientgoddessintraditionalChinesestories.Sheisbestknownforcreatinghumanbeingsandrepairingthepillars(柱子)ofheaven.InHuainanzi,thefourpillarssupportingheavenwere61,afireburnedandafloodtroubledhumanbeings.Nüwasmelted(熔炼)afive-coloredstoneto62theskyandsavedplentyoflives.Then,she63therestofthestoneontheearth,whichturnedintoallkindsofjade(玉).Thefive-coloredstonestandsforthe64basicelements(元素)makinguplife:metal,wood,water,fireandearth.Accordingtothetaleofthefivecoloredstone,manystorieshavebeencreatedinChinese65.InADreamofRedMansionsbyCaoXueqin,theheroJiaBaoyu66anincarnation(化身)ofapieceofthemagicalfive-coloredstoneleftbyNüwa.HewasnamedBaoyu,67hewasbornwithabeautifuljadeinhismouth.InJourneytotheWest,themaincharacterMonkeyKingwasdescribedasacreationoutofa68fromatmountainandhadsuperpowersatbirth.Nüwaisbelievedtobethe69ofChinesepeople.IntraditionalChinesestories,humanbeingsnearlydisappearedafterterriblenaturaldisasters(灾难).NüwaandFuxiweretheonlytwoleftonearth.Toremainreproduction(繁衍),she70FuxiandgavebirthtotheearliestChinese.61.broken62.repair63.threw64.five65.culture66.was67.because68.stone69.ancestor70.marriedP44阅读短文，从方框中选择适当