选择性Unit3词汇讲解

选择性必修二Unit3FoodandCultureⅠ.重点词汇1.minimumadj.最低(限度)的;最小的n.

最小值;最少量【教材原句】Ataminimum,thekindsoffoodlocalpeopleconsumetelluswhattheygrowintheirregion,whatkindsoflivestheylead,andwhattheylikeanddonotlike.(P27)当地人食用的食物种类至少可以告诉我们在他们地区种植什么,他们过什么样的生活以及他们喜欢什么不喜欢什么。【词块必记】(1)aminimumcharge/price 最低收费/最低价格(2)keepsth.toaminimum 保持某物在最低限度(3)aminimumof 最少【知识微练】单句语法填空①Theworkwasdonewiththe_________(minimize)amountofeffort.②Goodhygienecanhelp________(minimum)theriskofinfection.【典句赏析】

TomakeprogressinyourEnglish,you’dbetterspendaminimumof30minutesreadingeveryday.为了在英语上取得进步,你最好每天花至少30分钟阅读。minimumminimize2.trickn.

诡计;花招;技巧;诀窍vt.欺骗【教材原句】Thereisnoonetricktohealthyeating.(P32)健康饮食没有诀窍。【词块必记】playatrickon/playtrickson 戏弄trickortreat 不给糖就捣乱(万圣节讨糖用语)haveatrickupyoursleeve 自有锦囊妙计tricksb.intodoingsth. 骗某人做某事【知识微练】单句语法填空①Thekidsalwaysplay_____(trick)ontheirteacher,thusmakingtheteacherannoyed.②We___________(trick)intobuyingapoorcar,whichmademeveryupset.

【典句赏析】

Patienceisthetrickofdoingthisjobwell.耐心是做好这份工作的诀窍。tricksweretricked3.exceptionaladj.杰出的;卓越的;特别的;罕见的【典型例句】Attheageoffive,heshowedexceptionaltalentasamusician.他五岁的时候就表现出非凡的音乐才能。【词块必记】(1)exception

n.例外(2)except prep.除……以外【知识微练】单句语法填空①Thisdeadlinewillbeextendedonlyin__________(exception)circumstances.②Idon’tusuallylendpeoplemoney,butinyourcase,I’llmakean_________(except).【典句赏析】

Shewaspossessedofexceptionalpowersofconcentration.她有高超的专注能力。exceptionalexceptionⅡ.核心短语4.cutdown削减;砍倒;缩短某物【典型例句】

Withmoreandmoreforestscutdown,largequantitiesofsoilarebeingwashedaway.随着越来越多的森林被砍伐,大量的土壤正在被冲走。【词块必记】cutin 插话cutup 切碎;齐根切掉cutout 删除cutthrough 开辟cutoff 切断;中止;隔绝【知识微练】用cut相关短语填空①Myunclehasn’tbeenabletoquitsmoking,butatleasthehas________.

②Thewatersupplyhasbeen______temporarilybecausetheworkersarerepairingoneofthemainpipes.

③Itisimpoliteforchildrento_____whentheirseniorsaretalking.

④______thecarrotsbeforeyouputthemintothepot.

cutdowncutoffcutinCutupⅢ.经典句式5.Besidesthis,itisalsoimportanttohavesomemeat,beans,ordairyproductsinyourdiet,astheyprovidethenecessaryproteinforstrongbonesandmusclegrowth.除此以外,饮食结构中有肉类,豆类和奶制品也很重要,因为它们可以为坚硬的骨头和肌肉成长提供必要的蛋白质。【句型公式】as作连词可引导原因状语从句,时间状语从句,让步状语从句和方式状语从句。Asyouareinpoorhealth,youshouldn’tstayuplate.(表原因)Asthesunrose,thefogdisappeared.(表时间)Alwaysdotoothersasyouwouldbedoneby.(表方式)Childashewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.(表让步)【知识微练】

完成句子①__________________________,heheardagirlsinging.

当他在公园散步时,他听到了一个女孩在唱歌。②_________________,hemadelittleprogress.

尽管他工作很努力但他几乎没有取得进步。③______________,youcan’tfinishthebooksosoon.

尽管你读得很快,但你不可能这么快读完这本书。AshewaswalkingintheparkHardasheworkedFastasyouread【补充要点】1.consumevt.

消耗;耗费;吃;喝;饮【典型例句】Theelectricityindustryconsumeslargeamountsoffossilfuelseveryyear.每年电力工业消耗大量的化石燃料。【知识拓展】(1)beconsumedwith 使充满(强烈的感情)(2)consumer n.消费者;顾客(3)consumption n.消耗【知识微练】单句语法填空①Forthepastthreehours,he____________(consume)twobottlesofalcohol.

②Itwasreportedthatthemeatwasunfitforhuman____________(consume).【典句赏析】

Hewasconsumedwithguiltandtearsrolleddownhischeeks.他深感内疚泪水从脸颊流下。hasconsumedconsumption2.tempern.脾气;心情;情绪【典型例句】Maybethosewholikespicyfoodtendtohaveahottemper.也许喜欢吃辣的那些人可能会脾气火爆。【词块必记】(1)loseone’stemper 发脾气(2)inagood/badtemper 心情好/不好(3)good-tempered/bad-tempered 脾气好的/差的【知识微练】完成句子①Shestrugglednotto______________whenthekidsmisbehaved.

孩子们淘气时,她努力不发火。②Heissuch_____________________thatwealllikehim.

他是一个脾气很好的人,我们都很喜欢他。losehertemperagood-temperedperson3.associationn.

协会;社团;联系;关联【典型例句】TheyhavemaintainedacloseassociationwithacollegeinAmerica.他们和美国的一所学院保持了密切的联系。【词块必记】(1)inassociationwith 与……联合(2)associatesb.withsth. 把某人与某事联系在一起(3)associatewithsb. 与某人交往【知识微练】单句语法填空①Thebookwaspublishedin__________(associate)withEnglishHeritage.②Heisclosely_________(associate)inthepublicwithhorrormovies.associationassociated4.quantityn.数量【典型例句】Thechangeofquantitycausesthechangeofquality.量变引起质变。【词块必记】(1)aquantityof/quantitiesof 大量(2)inquantity 大量地(3)quality n.质量【知识拓展】表“大量”的词组agreatmany/anumberof+[可数名词]agreatdealof/alargeamountof+[不可数名词]alotof/lotsof/aquantityof/quantitiesof+[可数名词/不可数名词]【知识微练】

单句语法填空①Thisproductischeaptoproduceinlarge_________(quantity).完成句子②Beforetheexam,Ispent________________timepreparingforit.Otherwise,Iwouldn’thavesucceededinpassingtheexam.在考试前我花了大量的时间准备。否则我是不会通过考试的。

③AsfarasI’mconcerned,________________________________reallycounts.

就我个人而言,重要的是质量而不是数量。quantitiesalargequantityofitisqualityratherthanquantitythat5.Tired,hungryandnotknowingawordofChinese,wehadnoideahowtoorder.

又累又饿而且一句汉语也不会,我们根本不知道怎么点餐。【句型公式】用形容词作状语表示当时的状态。Hegotmarriedveryyoung.他很年轻就结婚了。Thedogfelldowndead.那只狗倒下死了。【知识微练】单句语法填空①Afteralongdayofwork,hewenthome,_________(exhaust).完成句子②Hewenttobed_______________.他又冷又饿地上床睡觉了。

exhaustedcoldandhungry附1：话题词汇1.饮食描述类词汇:high/richinfiber(高纤维)lowinfat(低脂肪)belackinginnutrition(缺乏营养)foodpoisoning(食物中毒)avarietyoffastfood(多种多样的快餐)befavoredby(受到……的青睐)2.饮食习惯类词汇:develop/formhealthyeatinghabits(养成健康的饮食习惯)beparticularaboutfood(挑食)keepabalanced/healthydiet(保持均衡/健康的饮食)loseweight/takeoffweight(减肥)goonadiet/beonadiet(节食)cutdownbodyfat(削减脂肪)skipbreakfast(不吃早餐)puton/gainweight(增加体重)eatexcessively(过量地吃)3.话题实用类短语:becloselyrelatedtohealth(与健康息息相关)doharm/damagetophysicalhealth(对身体健康有害)aimatkeepingslim(旨在保持身材苗条)takeanorder点菜takein/absorbnutrition(吸收营养)attachimportancetoyourdiet(注重你的饮食)paymoreattentiontoyourdiet(更加注意你的饮食)guaranteethesafetyoffood(保障食品安全)regardlessofothers’health(不顾他人的健康)haveapositiveeffecton(对……有积极的影响)话题句式：1.Breakfastisthemostimportantmealoftheday,anddinnerthemostenjoyable.早餐是一天中最重要的一餐,而晚餐则是最享受的一餐。2.It’shightimethatwestayedawayfromjunkfoodandledahealthylife.现在是我们远离垃圾食品、过健康生活的时候了。3.Onlywhenweareparticularaboutfoodcanwepreventourselvesfromfallingill.只有讲究饮食,我们才能预防患病。4.Theissueofunsafefoodhasarousedpublicconcernandcausedaheateddiscussion.食物不安全事件引发了公众的关注和激烈的讨论。5.AsfarasI’mconcerned,weshoulddevelophealthyeatinghabitstobuildourselvesup.Onlyinthiswaycanwehaveenoughenergytostudy.我认为,为了增强体质,我们应该养成健康的饮食习惯,只有这样,我们才能有足够的精力学习。3.写作点拨本单元也可以写关于健康问题的说明文。此类文章可按“总——分——总”结构布局,分为三或四个自然段。写说明文要注意以下几点:1.抓住中心,分清主次。首先要仔细阅读文字提示或观察图表,确定文章的中心内容。再根据内容把文章分成几个段落,每段都要拟定一个主题句。然后确定中心人称和主要时态。2.列全要点,扩展句子。以拟定的主题句为中心,选择恰当的词语和句型来组织材料,编写句子,形成段落。3.布局谋篇,连段成文。按照一定的逻辑顺序,用适当的过渡词把已经写好的段落组成一篇完整的文章。常用表达:1.Sometimeswehavedisorderedeating,especiallyforgirls,fortheywanttokeepslimthroughreducingdiet.2.Abalanceddietisimportantforusinourdailylife.3.Foodcangiveusenergyandhelpusbuildupourbody.4.Regularexercisecanhelpuskeepo