第04讲阅读理解细节题词义猜测题

第04讲阅读理解细节题、词义猜测题学习目标学习目标内容要求阅读理解阅读理解细节理解题解题方法阅读理解词义猜测题解题方法阅读理解应用文与记叙文阅读思路知识讲解知识讲解一、阅读理解细节理解题细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。它们大都是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些则需要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。1.

掌握技巧,灵活运用细心审题,直接就题找答案提取“带着问题找答案”的方法,先从问题中抓住关键性尚(题眼),然后以此为线索运用略读及查读的技巧快速:得在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句,

仔细品味,对照比较,确定答案。变通理解,间接转述找答案细节理解题通常采用词语和句型转换的形式来取代原文中的表述,命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的手法来迷惑考生,即对原句细微处做改动,摘取原文词语或结构进行改造,因果倒置,把A的观点说成B的观点等。多点归纳,综合事实找答案细节理解题有时考查的并不是单一的信息,而是多处信息的整合。解答此类“综合”信息细节题时,一定要全面捕捉相关信息,进行综合分析、归纳,切忌根据“一面之词”草率地得出结论。典例一（2023·湖南怀化·高二期中）CambridgeSummerSchoolTheCambridgeScholars’Programmehelpsintelligenthighschoolstudentspursuetheirpassions,prepareforuniversity,exploreBritainandParis,buildtheirconfidenceandhavelotsoffunmakingfriendsfromaroundtheworld.ChooseYourCoursesFor2023CourseSelectionsClicktopickwhichweek(s)youwishtoattend.Youcanpickboth.Youcanthenselectyourcourseoptions?OneWeek:Saturday,July15th—Saturday,July22nd.$2995TwoWeek:Saturday,July22nd—Sunday,August6th.$5995Paris:Sunday,August6th—Friday,August11thWhyshouldintelligenthighschoolstudentsapplyforCambridgesummerschool?Ouraimistohelpintelligenthighschoolstudentsaged1418reachtheirfullpotentialandpreparefortheiramazingfutures.Wehelpyouachievemorethrough:OutstandingEducationLearnfromawidevarietyofinterestingsubjectsgoingbeyondtheschoolcoursestohelpprepareyouforuniversitylearning.Pickandmixfromourdiversecourselisttopursueyourpassionortryoutdifferentsubjectstofindyourfavourite.UniversityPreparationLiveandstudyinabeautifulCambridgecollegetohelpyoupreparefortheindependenceofuniversitylife.Practicemakingnewfriends,gainexperiencelivingawayfromhome,andbeinspiredbyourhistoriccollegesetting.CulturalTripsLearnaboutBritishhistoryandcultureonourmanytrips—andoptionallycontinueontoParis.Visitcastles,palaces,museums,cathedralsandmore.EnrichingActivitiesQuicklymakenewfriendsandcreatelifelongmemories.Pickenrichingafternoonactivitiesandhavefunintheevenings.Weletyoupickandchooseyourcoursesfromourwideselection,sothatyoucantryarangeofsubjectsaccordingtoyourinterests.Unlikemanysummerschoolsthatsavecostsbyhiringinexperiencedstudentstoteach,weonlyhirethebestteachingstaff.Ourcourseshelptobridgethegapbetweenschoolanduniversity,teachingskillsandpushingyouracademichorizons.1．Whoistheprogrammesuitablefor?A．Kindergartenstudents. B．Elementaryschoolstudents.C．Undergraduates. D．Precollegestudents.2．WhichisNOTtheadvantageoftheschool’sacademics?A．Lowprices. B．Experiencedtutors.C．Preparationforcollege. D．Widerangeandflexibility.3．Whereisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Abooklet. B．Awebsite.C．Afilmscript. D．Anacademicarticle.【答案】1．D

2．A

3．B【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍的是“剑桥学者项目”。1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“TheCambridgeScholars’Programmehelpsintelligenthighschoolstudentspursuetheirpassions,prepareforuniversity,exploreBritainandParis,buildtheirconfidenceandhavelotsoffunmakingfriendsfromaroundtheworld.(剑桥学者项目帮助聪明的高中生追求自己的梦想，为上大学做准备，探索英国和巴黎，建立自信，并在结交来自世界各地的朋友中获得很多乐趣。)”可知，该项目适合为上大学做准备的高中生。故选D。2．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Weletyoupickandchooseyourcoursesfromourwideselection,sothatyoucantryarangeofsubjectsaccordingtoyourinterests.(我们让你从我们广泛的选择中挑选你的课程，这样你就可以根据你的兴趣尝试一系列的科目。)”可知，在该活动中学生们课程的选择是广泛的；同时根据本段中“Unlikemanysummerschoolsthatsavecostsbyhiringinexperiencedstudentstoteach,weonlyhirethebestteachingstaff.(不像许多暑期学校通过雇佣没有经验的学生来教学来节省成本，我们只雇佣最好的教学人员。)”可知，该项目中的教学人员是有着丰富经验的老师；同时根据本段中“Ourcourseshelptobridgethegapbetweenschoolanduniversity,teachingskillsandpushingyouracademichorizons.(我们的课程有助于弥合学校和大学之间的差距，教授技能，并推动您的学术视野。)”可知，该项目的课程有助于弥合学校和大学之间的差距，即为大学做准备。故A选项“Lowprices.(低廉的价格)”并未提及，即并非是该项目的优点。故选A。3．推理判断题。根据“ChooseYourCoursesFor2023”部分中“Clicktopickwhichweek(s)youwishtoattend.(请点击选择您希望参加的星期。)”可知，文章出自于网站。故选B。二、阅读理解词义猜测题词义猜测题是高考阅读理解试题中的必考题型,

可以是对一个单词意义的推断，也可以是对一个短语或句子的推断，既可以考查生词的意义，也可以考查熟词的新意，可以考查替代词的内容。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语大多超出考纲的范围，需要根据语境进行推测其含义。平时的训练中应当注意生词和短语的积累，还要掌握构词法，和一定的解题技巧。单词或短语意义猜测上下文猜词义。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。可利用下列方法：(1)根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测。有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。(2)根据同位关系进行猜测。阅读中出现的难词有时下文紧跟一个同位语，对上文的词进行解释，这时可利用同位关系对上文或下文的词义或短语意义进行猜测。(3)根据构词法进行猜测。在英语中，有很多词可以加前缀或后缀构成一个新词，如果掌握了一定的构词知识，就不难猜出它的词义。(4)根据因果关系进行猜测。在一篇阅读文章中，根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。(5)根据转折或对比关系进行猜测。根据上下句的连接词，如but，however，otherwise等可知上下句存在转折关系，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。（6）根据举例推测词义。有时，划线部分后会根由一些具体的例子，这些例子可以帮助考试理解该词的词义。线索词suchas,such...as,forexample,forinstance,like,including,especially等。猜测代替词所替代的内容就近原则找指代。猜测代替词的指代内容，要求判断代词(it,one,they,this,that,these,those,which等)或助动词(do,does,did

等)具体替代什么。可按以下三步进行：返回原文，找到指代词→向上(有时向下)搜索，找最近的名词、代词，短语或句子→将找到的词、词组或句子代入替代该指代词，看意思和逻辑关系是否通顺，从而确定最佳选项。

句意猜测题意义吻合推句意。句意猜测要求通过阅读文章，用合适的语句对其进行解释性的描述。具体技巧如下：(1)返回原文，找到该句，对原句进行语法和逻辑关系分析。对于需要猜测句意的情形，首先要理解句子的前后特定语境，然后根据语境对此句在文中的意思进行有依据的推理，最后再进行归纳总结，得出答案。(2)一般来说，正确选项的意思和原句的意思完全相同，只不过是用其他的词汇或句式来转换表达而已。典例二（2023·江苏南京·高二期中）JasonAllen,avideogamedesignerinPueblo,Colorado,spentabout80hoursworkingonhisentrytotheColoradoStateFair'sdigitalartspetition.Judgesawardedhimfirstplace,whichcamewitha$300prize.Allen'svictorytookaturnwhenherevealedonlinethathe'dcreatedhisprizewinningartusingMidjourney,anartificialintelligence(AI)programthatcanturntextdescriptionsintoimages.Hesayshealsomadethatcleartostatefairofficialswhenhedroppedoffhissubmission(提交)calledThéátreD'péraSpatial.Colorado's150yearoldstatefairisheldeachsummerinPueblo,atownabout185kilometerssouthofDenver.Thefair'ssubmissionguidelinesdonotdirectlymentionAIgeneratedart,buttheydefine(定义)digitalartsas“artisticpracticethatusesdigitaltechnologyaspartofthecreativeorpresentationprocess.”Thepetition'stwojudgessaytheywereunawarethatAllenhadusedAItocreatehispiece.Buteveniftheyhadknown,theystillwould'vegivenhimfirstplace.TheysaidtheyawardedthetopprizebasedonthestoryThéátreD'péraSpatialtells,aswellasthespirititinspires.AllencreatedThéátreD'péraSpatialbyenteringvariouswordsandphrasedintoMidjourney,whichthenproducedmorethan900versionsforhimtochoosefrom.Heselectedhisthreefavorite,thencontinuedadjustingtheminPhotoshopuntilhewassatisfied.Heboostedtheirresolution(分辨率)usingatoolcalledGigapixelandprintedtheworksoncanvas.Heenteredallthreepiecesintothepetition,andoneofthemwon.Allensaidhebelievesthecriticismofhisworkoriginatefromartists'fearthattechnologywillonedaybeesoadvancedthatthey'llbeoutofjobs.Inthemeantime,asstatefairspokespersonalgaRobaksays,it'sbringingout“abroaderconversationabouthowwedecidewhatartis,andhowwejudgeitappropriately.”19．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”refertoinparagraph2?A．Takingaturn. B．Revealingthetruthonline.C．Turningtextdescriptionsintoimages. D．ApplyinganAIprogramtothecreation.20．Whydidthetwojudgesawardalienfirstplace?A．HefollowedguidelinesforAIgeneratedart.B．Theywereunawareoftheuseofadinhispiece.C．Heisapioneerofusingdigitaltechnologyincreation.D．Theyareimpressedwiththeideasthathisworkpresents.21．Whatisparagraphmainlyabout?A．HowAllencreatedhisworks. B．Whatalltechnologiesalienused.C．WhyAllenchosetoemployMidjourney. D．WheretheadvantageofAllen'sworkslay.22．Accordingtothetext,Allen'svictory___________A．costsartiststheirjobs B．helpsenhanceAItechnologyC．ensuresfairnessinartspetitions D．generatesadiscussionondefiningart【答案】19．D

20．D

21．A

22．D【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述Allen是如何使用人工智能创作自己的作品，并取得了胜利，引发如何定义艺术的讨论。19．词义猜测题。根据划线处上文“Allen'svictorytookaturnwhenherevealedonlinethathe'dcreatedhisprizewinningartusingMidjourney,anartificialintelligence(AI)programthatcanturntextdescriptionsintoimages.(当艾伦在网上透露他是用Midjourney(一种可以将文字描述转化为图像的人工智能程序)创作出获奖作品时，他的胜利发生了转折。)”可知that指代上文提到的用人工智能创作作品的这件事，故选D。20．细节理解题。根据第四段“Thepetition'stwojudgessaytheywereunawarethatAllenhadusedAItocreatehispiece.Buteveniftheyhadknown,theystillwould'vegivenhimfirstplace.TheysaidtheyawardedthetopprizebasedonthestoryThéátreD'péraSpatialtells,aswellasthespirititinspires.(比赛的评判员委表示，他们不知道Allen使用了人工智能来创作他的作品。但即使他们知道，他们还是会给他第一名。他们说，他们根据ThéátreD'péraSpatial所讲述的故事以及它所激发的精神授予了最高奖项。)”可知两个评判员对Allen的作品所呈现的思想印象深刻，故选D。21．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Allen'svictorytookaturnwhenherevealedonlinethathe'dcreatedhisprizewinningartusingMidjourney,anartificialintelligence(AI)programthatcanturntextdescriptionsintoimages.Hesayshealsomadethatcleartostatefairofficialswhenhedroppedoffhissubmission(提交)calledThéátreD'péraSpatial.(当Allen在网上透露他是用Midjourney(一种可以将文字描述转化为图像的人工智能程序)创作出获奖作品时，他的胜利发生了转折。他说，当他递交名为ThéátreD'péraSpatial的投稿时，他也向州博览会官员明确表示了这一点。)”可知文章主要讲述Allen是如何创作作品的。故选A。22．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Inthemeantime,asstatefairspokespersonalgaRobaksays,it'sbringingout“abroaderconversationabouthowwedecidewhatartis,andhowwejudgeitappropriately.”(与此同时，正如州博览会发言人阿尔加·罗巴克(algaRobak)所说，它引发了“关于我们如何决定什么是艺术，以及我们如何恰当地判断它的更广泛的对话。”)”可知Allen的胜利，产生对艺术定义的讨论，故选D。巩固练习巩固练习一、（2223高二上·江苏南京·开学考试）BorrowingRulesofSomePublicLibrariesGeneralBorrowingRulesBorrowingPeriods*3weeksforbooksandmagazines*2weeksfornewbooks*1weekforentertainmentDVDs*1weekfordocumentaryDVDs*3daysfornewDVDs(withstickers)Renewals(续借)AllitemsexceptDVDs,InterlibraryLoanitems,andnewbooksmayberenewedonceifnooneiswaitingforthem.Renewalsmaybemadebycalling7944244ext.4721.LimitsonBorrowingRulesAdults(18andover)mayborrow*30itemstotalfromanyoftheVineland,Bridgeton,andMillvillelibraries*5booksfromVinelandPublicLibraryonanyonetopicfor3weeks*4entertainmentDVDsfor1week*4documentaryDVDsfor1week*6magazinesfor3weeksFirsttimeborrowersarelimitedto2items.Children(17andunder)mayborrow*30itemstotal*3booksononetopic*4videosorDVDs*6magazinesFines*15centsperdayforadultbooks,magazinesandmusicCDs*35centsadayfornewbooks(14dayloanfromtheNewBookshelves)*$2.00perdayforoverduevideosandDVDs*10centsperdayonchildren’smaterialsandAudioBooks*10centsperdayonallotherlibrarymaterialsBorrowersareresponsibleforthereplacementcostofanydamagedorlostitems.A$3processingfeewillalsobecharged.1．HowlongmayaborrowerkeepanewDVD?A．Threedays. B．Oneweek.C．Twoweeks. D．Threeweeks.2．Whoborrowonlytwoitemsonetime?A．Adults. B．Children.C．Newborrowers. D．Onesdamagingitems.3．Howmuchwillaborrowerbefinedifhekeepsanewbookfor16days?A．15cents. B．30cents.C．35cents. D．70cents.【答案】1．A2．C3．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几家公立图书馆借书的规章制度。1．细节理解题。根据GeneralBorrowingRules中的“*3daysfornewDVDs(*新DVD可以借3天)”可知，新的DVD可以借3天。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据“Firsttimeborrowersarelimitedto2items.(首次借书者最多只能借两件物品。)”可知，首次借书者仅限借2个。故选C。3．推理判断题。根据GeneralBorrowingRules中的“*2weeksfornewbooks(*新书2周)可知，新书可以借两周时间。再结合Fines中的“*35centsadayfornewbooks(14dayloanfromtheNewBookshelves)(*新书每天35美分（从新书书架借阅14天）)”可知，新书逾期不还每天罚款35美分。借书者借新书16天，逾期两天，会被罚款70美分。故选D。二、（2324高二上·河北承德·开学考试）DiscoverOurWinterCampsThisSeasonSpacesEduAges1317YearsAreyoulookingforanexcitingandcreativewaytodevelopputerskills?SpacesEduistheperfectcourseforstudentswhowanttobringtheirimaginationstolifebycoding(编码)theirownVRprojects.Inthiscourse,studentswilllearnhowtocreate3Dobjectsandwillalsolearnhowtocollectinformationquickly,aswellashowtosharetheircreationsonlineandexperiencethemwithVRheadsets(头戴式耳机).Thisisanadvancedcoursesosomecodingexperienceisnecessary.NecessaryLifeSkillsAges1213YearsThiscoursewillofferimportantreallifeskillsforstudentswhichwillpreparethemfortheiruniversity.Studentswilllearnhowtocreatetheirowndetailedrésumés(简历)aswellashowtoprepareforinterviewssotheyarepreparedandfilledwithconfidenceastheytakethenextstepsinlife.FrenchthroughArt&CultureAges811YearsJoinusthisspringaswetravelintimethroughtherichnessofFrenchmusic,peopleandcolors.Eachday,studentswillbuildtheirunderstandingofthelanguagethroughadifferentway.AsstudentsbeeinterestedinFrenchartandculturetheywilldeveloptheirreading,writing,speakingandlisteningskills.FirstStepsAges712YearsInthisintroductorycourseforbeginners,studentswilllearnthebasicsofputerinPython.ThecoursewillfocusonlearningPythonprogrammingandthenusingtheknowledgeandskillstocreateputerprograms.Usinganonlinelearningplatform(平台),studentswillbeguidedthroughtheirlearningofPythonbasics.Studentsshouldbringtheirownputers.4．Whichcampissuitableforstudentswhoprepareforcollegelife?A．FrenchthroughArt&Culture. B．NecessaryLifeSkills.C．SpacesEdu. D．FirstSteps.5．WhatcanstudentsdoinFrenchthroughArt&Culture?A．ImprovetheirFrench. B．TravelinFrance.C．Organizeanartshow. D．Createa3Dpainting.6．WhatdoSpacesEduandFirstStepshaveinmon?A．Theyareperfectforbeginners. B．Theyareopentostudentsaged7.C．puterswillbeused. D．Freeheadsetswillbeprovided.【答案】4．B5．A6．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种冬令营活动，讲述了活动适合的年龄段，提供什么服务，活动方式等相关内容。4．细节理解题。根据NecessaryLifeSkills中的“Thiscoursewillofferimportantreallifeskillsforstudentswhichwillpreparethemfortheiruniversity.(本课程将为学生提供重要的现实生活技能，为他们进入大学做准备。)”可知，这个课程主要是为那些为大学做准备的学生们提供重要的真实生活技能。故选B。5．细节理解题。根据FrenchthroughArt&Culture中的“Eachday,studentswillbuildtheirunderstandingofthelanguagethroughadifferentway.AsstudentsbeeinterestedinFrenchartandculturetheywilldeveloptheirreading,writing,speakingandlisteningskills.(每天，学生们都会通过不同的方式来加深对语言的理解。当学生对法国艺术和文化产生兴趣时，他们将发展他们的阅读、写作、口语和听力技能。)”可知，它可以帮助学生提高法语水平。故选A。6．细节理解题。根据SpacesEdu中的“Inthiscourse,studentswilllearnhowtocreate3Dobjectsandwillalsolearnhowtocollectinformationquickly,aswellashowtosharetheircreationsonlineandexperiencethemwithVRheadsets(头戴式耳机).(在本课程中，学生将学习如何创建3D对象，还将学习如何快速收集信息，以及如何在线分享他们的创作并使用VR头显体验它们。)”可知，在这个课程中,学生们将学习如何创建3D物体，也会学习如何快速收集信息。和FirstSteps中的“ThecoursewillfocusonlearningPythonprogrammingandthenusingtheknowledgeandskillstocreateputerprograms.(本课程将侧重于学习Python编程，然后使用这些知识和技能来创建计算机程序。)”可知，两者的共同点为“提供计算机课程”，将使用电脑。故选C。三、（2324高二上·山东潍坊·阶段练习）Thousandsofbooksarepublisheddaily,andbookadvertisementsplayacrucialroleinincreasingawarenessaboutthosebooks.Butit’stooeasytobetrickedintobad“advertisingopportunities”andmakethewrongdecisions.Hereareseveralformsofdigitaladvertisingproventoworkwell.Facebookadvertising:Facebookprovidestheperfectadvertisingplatformforauthorsbecauseitallowstargetingveryspecificcategoriesofpeople.Theotheradvantageisthatit’seasytotest.Youcanstartwithabudgetaslowas$5andgraduallyincreaseyourmonetary(货币的)mitmentifyourreturnoninvestmentispositive.Amazonadvertising:Amazonallowsyoutoshowadsaboutyourbookdirectlyonotherbookpagesandsearchresultpages.SincetheirmainUSrolloutin2017,they’vebeethemosteffectiveadvertisingplaceforauthors.Bookbubadvertising:Bookbubrolledoutaselfserveadplatformin2016,whichthey’vegreatlyimprovedsince.It’salesspetitiveplayingfieldthanFacebookorAmazon,butitdoeshaveitsfeatures.Discount/promotionadvertising:Ifyou’rerunningadiscountorfreepromotionononeofyourbooks,youcanapplytohaveitadvertisedinthenewslettersofplatformssuchasFreebooksy,Bargainbooksy,etc.Othertypesofadvertisingincludesearchadvertising,Goodreadsadvertising,banneradsonwebsites,etc.Thesehaven’tproducedthesameeffectiveresultsformostauthorsyet,buttheycouldbejustaseffective(ormore)ifyouwriteinacertainfield.7．WhatisspecialabouttheFacebookadvertising?A．Itiseasyforauthorstoaccess.B．Itaimsatsavingmoneyforreaders.C．Itallowsadjustinginvestmentbyprofit.D．Itincludesdifferentcategoriesofinformation.8．Whichissuitabletopromoteyourbookwithadiscount?A．Facebook. B．Amazon. C．Bookbub. D．Freebooksy.9．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Togetreaderstobuymorebooks.B．Toraisepeople’sreadingawareness.C．Toofferauthorsadvertisingplatforms.D．Tohelppublishersmunicatewithreaders.【答案】7．C8．D9．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几种在书籍推广中常用的几种广告形式，并详细描述了每种广告形式的特点和优势，以及如何使用它们来提高书籍的知名度和销售量。7．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Theotheradvantageisthatit’seasytotest.Youcanstartwithabudgetaslowas$5andgraduallyincreaseyourmonetary(货币的)mitmentifyourreturnoninvestmentispositive.(另一个优点是它很容易测试。你可以从低至5美元的预算开始，如果你的投资回报是积极的，你可以逐渐增加你的资金投入。)”可知，Facebook的广告很容易测试，可以从低预算开始，如果回报很好，就可以增加资金投入。故选C。8．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Discount/promotionadvertising:Ifyou’rerunningadiscountorfreepromotionononeofyourbooks,youcanapplytohaveitadvertisedinthenewslettersofplatformssuchasFreebooksy,Bargainbooksy,etc.(折扣/促销广告：如果你正在对你的某本书进行折扣或免费促销，你可以申请在Freebooksy、Bargainbooksy等平台的新闻通讯中做广告。)”可知，如果你正在对你的某本书进行折扣或免费促销，你可以申请在Freebooksy、Bargainbooksy等平台的新闻通讯中做广告。故选D。9．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Thousandsofbooksarepublisheddaily,andbookadvertisementsplayacrucialroleinincreasingawarenessaboutthosebooks.Butit’stooeasytobetrickedintobad“advertisingopportunities”andmakethewrongdecisions.Hereareseveralformsofdigitaladvertisingproventoworkwell.(每天都有成千上万的书出版，图书广告在提高人们对这些书的认识方面起着至关重要的作用。但是，很容易被欺骗到糟糕的“广告机会”，并做出错误的决定。以下是几种行之有效的数字广告形式。)”可知，文章主要提供了一些有效的数字广告形式。故选C。四、（2324高二上·浙江丽水·阶段练习）IrecentlyvisitedCalifornia’smostvisitednationalpark—Yosemite.Turnsout,thereisalotyoucandoandseeoveracoupledays.Here’smysuggestedroute,ifyoudecidetomakeaquickweekendtriptoseeYosemite’swonders.Day1,Saturday6a.m.:HiketheFourMileTrailtoGlacierPoint.The9.6mileroundtripwilltakesixtoeighthourswithreststops,soplanaccordingly.Leaveearlytobeattheheatandenjoythesunrise.Protip:Don’tforgettolookdowntheviewofthevalleyistrulyjawdropping.1p.m.:HiketoVernalFall.Ifyou’relookingforlunch,atastyandefficientspotisCurryVillagePizzaDeck.Plus,yournextadventureisontheMistTrailfromnearbyHappyIslesforaquick1.6mileroundtripvisittoVemalFall.It’sanicecooldownhikeafteryourmorningworkoutandofferseasyaccesstoyearroundfalls.4p.m.:LearnsomehistoryatYosemiteValleyVisitorCenter.Everynationalparkvisitrequiresastopatthevisitorcentertolearnaboutpark’shistoryandmainfeatures.Here,youcancheckouttheYosemiteVillageaswell,buttherealsecretisthefreebikeshareprogram.Downloadtheappandgrabapairofwheelshereforyoureveningexploration.Day2,Sunday6a.m.:DriveupthepicturesqueTiogaRoad.Whileyourfeetarerecoveringfromyesterday’smileage,takealeisurelydriveupTiogaRoad.Alongthe45milestoTenayaLake,takephotosatthemanyviewpoints,butespeciallyatOlmstedPoint,whichhasalessvisitedbutverycoolperspectiveonHalfDome.HavebreakfastorlunchalongsidethebluewatersofYosemite’slargestlakebeforeheadingbacktowardthevalley.3p.m.:pleteyourtripwithavisittoYosemiteClimbingMuseuminMariposa.Atalaststop,visitthecharminghistoricaltownofMariposatocheckoutthelongoverdueYosemiteClimbingMuseumopenedin2021.ThefamousclimbinghistorydisplayedinthemuseumgavemeanewappreciationforYosemite,aplaceIcan’twaittoreturnto.10．Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorsuggestvisitinginthemorning?A．VernalFall. B．YosemiteVillage. C．TenayaLake. D．ClimbingMuseum.11．Accordingtotheauthor,thebestthingtodoatYosemiteValleyVisitorCenteris__________.A．cyclingforeveningexploration B．learningaboutpark’shistoryC．goingaroundtheYosemiteVillage D．downloadingthefreebikeshareapp12．WhyisOlmstedPointagoodplacetotakephotos?A．Becauseit’salessvisitedplacebutwithpicturesquescenery.B．Becauseit’saplaceofferingabetterviewofHalfDome.C．Becauseit’sareststopforvisitorstohavebreakfastorlunch.D．Becauseit’snotsuchaplacethatisfloodedwithvisitorstakingphotos.【答案】10．C11．A12．B【导语】本文是一篇应用文。作者从徒步旅行到参观景点和了解公园历史，提供了一个简要的行程规划，以帮助人们更好地游览美丽的Yosemite国家公园。10．推理判断题。根据6a.m.:DriveupthepicturesqueTiogaRoad中的“Alongthe45milestoTenayaLake,takephotosatthemanyviewpoints...”（沿着通往特纳亚湖45英里，你可以在许多景点拍照）可知，作者建议在早上的时候前往TenayaLake。故选C项。11．细节理解题。根据4p.m.:LearnsomehistoryatYosemiteValleyVisitorCenter中的“Here,youcancheckouttheYosemiteVillageaswell,buttherealsecretisthefreebikeshareprogram.Downloadtheappandgrabapairofwheelshereforyoureveningexploration.(在这里，你也可以参观YosemiteVillage，但真正的秘密是免费的自行车共享计划。该应用程序，在这里租一辆自行车，为晚上的探索做准备。)”可知，在YosemiteVillage最好的活动是骑自行车进行夜间探索。故选A项。12．细节理解题。根据“Alongthe45milestoTenayaLake,takephotosatthemanyviewpoints,butespeciallyatOlmstedPoint,whichhasalessvisitedbutverycoolperspectiveonHalfDome.(沿着45英里的路程到达特纳雅湖(TenayaLake)，在许多观景点拍照，尤其是在奥姆斯特德点(OlmstedPoint)，它虽然游客较少，但是提供了一个非常酷的哈夫穹顶(HalfDome)的视角。)”可知，OlmstedPoint是有一个非常酷的HalfDome的视角，所以是拍照的好地方，故选B项。五、（2324高二上·安徽马鞍山·开学考试）Haveyoueverthoughthowgooditwouldbeifanunfinishedhandworkproject,whichstoppedbecausetheownerpassedaway,couldbelovinglypleted?Friendsandknitters(编织者)JenniferSimonicandMaseyKaplanstartedtheLooseEndsProjectinSeptember2022.Thepairmatch“volunteerfinishers”withunfinishedprojectsonlinesotheycancarefullypletethemandthenreturnthemtothepeopletheywerebeingmadefor.Itallstartedwhenfounders,SimonicandKaplan,realizedthattheyhadbothbeenaskedbyfriendstofinishknittinghats,sweatersorotherunfinishedprojectsbytheirmoms.Whenmorefriendsaskedthemforhelp,theyfeltitwouldbeagoodideato“havestrangersbeabletofinishthingsforeachother”.Helpingstrangersthisway,whichalsoassists(帮助)themtogetthroughtheirgrievingprocess,wassomethingthatthetwohadhappilyagreedtodo,understandinghowwonderfulitfeelstobedressedinsomethingalovedonehascreated.Addingamovingcoupleofextrasteps,oncethefinishersreceivetheproject,theymayhighlight(突出)thelaststitch(针)workedbythedeadmakerinaspecialwaybeforetheyrestartthework.Injustafewmonths,LooseEndshasbuiltupaglobalteamofover7,000volunteers.Newvolunteersareaskedtosharetheirskillsetsandinterests.WhenLooseEndsreceivesaproject,thefoundersdetermineagoodfitbasedontheseskills.TheLooseEndsteamwillletthevolunteerstrytheworkto“checkifthey’refeelingittoo”,asSimonicandKaplanneverwanttheworktobeaboringtask.Volunteersdonotchargefortheirwork,whilefamiliesareonlyaskedtocoverthedeliverycosts.Thegrouptriestomatchprojectstovolunteerslivingnearbytoreducethedeliverycoststothelowest.13．WhatisthegoaloftheLooseEndsProject?A．Topromotehandworkart. B．Tosellhandworkproductsonline.C．Topleteunfinishedhandworkprojects. D．Torecyclegoodhandworkprojects.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“grieving”meaninparagraph4?A．Touching B．Amazing C．Unforgettable D．Painful15．Whatextrastepmayvolunteersdowithunfinishedworks?A．Theymaymakeaspecialdesignforthelaststitch.B．Theymaymarktheoriginalmaker’slaststitch.C．Theymayaddreceivers’informationonthem.D．Theymaysigntheirnamesontheworks.16．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheserviceoftheLooseEndsProject?A．Quick B．Tiring C．Safe D．Thoughtful【答案】13．C14．D15．B16．D【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了编织者JenniferSimonic和MaseyKaplan是朋友，他们于2022年9月启动了LooseEndsProject，帮助人们完成由去世的亲人未完成的编织的东西。13．细节理解题。根据第二段“Friendsandknitters(编织者)JenniferSimonicandMaseyKaplanstartedtheLooseEndsProjectinSeptember2022.Thepairmatch“volunteerfinishers”withunfinishedprojectsonlinesotheycancarefullypletethemandthenreturnthemtothepeopletheywerebeingmadefor.(JenniferSimonic和MaseyKaplan是朋友，他们是编织者，于2022年9月启动了LooseEndsProject。这两个人将“自愿完成者”与网上未完成的项目相匹配，这样他们就可以仔细地完成这些项目，然后将它们返还给他们的目标人群)”可知，LooseEndsProject的目的是完成未完成的手工项目。故选C。14．词句猜测题。根据上文“Itallstartedwhenfounders,SimonicandKaplan,realizedthattheyhadbothbeenaskedbyfriendstofinishknittinghats,sweatersorotherunfinishedprojectsstartedbytheirdeadmoms.(这一切都始于创始人西蒙尼克和卡普兰意识到，他们都被朋友请求完成编织帽子、毛衣或其他由他们去世的母亲开始的未完成的项目)”可知，Simonic和Kaplan帮助人们完成由去世的亲人未完成的编织的东西，以这种方式帮助陌生人度过失去亲人的悲伤的过程，由此可推知，划线单词grieving意为“悲伤的”，与A项“Painful.(痛苦的。)”意义一致。故选D。15．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Addingatouchingcoupleofextrasteps,oncethefinishersreceivetheproject,theymayhighlightthelaststitchworkedbythedeadmakerinaspecialwaybeforetheyrestartthework.(他们添加了几个额外的感人步骤，一旦收到这个项目，在重新开始工作之前，他们可能会以一种特殊的方式突出由之前死去的编织者所缝制的最后一针)”可知，志愿者对未完成的工作采取的额外措施是，他们会标记由原来编织者所缝制的最后一针。故选B。16．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Addingatouchingcoupleofextrasteps,oncethefinishersreceivetheproject,theymayhighlightthelaststitchworkedbythedeadmakerinaspecialwaybeforetheyrestartthework.(他们添加了几个额外的感人步骤，一旦收到这个项目，他们重新开始工作之前，他们可能会以一种特殊的方式突出由之前死去的编织者所缝制的最后一针)”和倒数第二段中“TheLooseEndsteamwillletthevolunteerstrytheworkto“checkifthey’refeelingittoo”,asSimonicandKaplanneverwanttheworktobeachore.(LooseEnds团队将让志愿者尝试这项工作，以“检查他们是否也有这种感觉”，因为Simonic和Kaplan从不希望这项工作成为一件苦差事)”可推知，LooseEndsProject的服务是周到的。故选D。六、（2324高二上·河南·期中）“Willyougoonthisridewithme?”myfriend’selevenyearolddaughterJennyasked.Icouldhavemadeupanexcusefornotwantingtohaveago.Butearlierthatmorning,Iwasreadytopushmyselfoutofmyfortzone.Jennystaredattheride,eagertoexperiencethesameexcitementasthebravegroupofridersinfrontofus.Icouldn’tsayno.Afterclimbingintoourseats,anattendantreachedup,pulleddownthebar,andlockeditinplace.Therideliftedusslowly,thenturnedusoverliketheblueberrypancakesIhadeatenthreehoursearlier,andhopedtokeepintheirproperplace.AsIstaredattheconcretedirectlybelowus,Ihadasuddenfeelingofgreatfear.IwonderedifIhadreplacementcoverageforthephonethatIwassurewouldslipoutofmypocketandbreakintoamilliontinypieces.Iwonderedwhenmynewhealthinsurancewouldkickin.Theridetouch