大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷47（共260题）

大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷47（共9套）（共260题）大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷第1套一、长篇阅读(本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。)DoParentsInvadeChildren'sPrivacyWhenTheyPostPhotosOnline?[A]WhenKatlynBurbidge'ssonwas6yearsold,hewasperformingsomeridiculoussonganddancetypicalofafirst-grader.Butaftershesnappedaphotoandstartedusingherphone,heaskedheraseriousquestion:"Areyougoingtopostthatonline?"Shelaughedandanswered,"Yes,IthinkIwill."Whathesaidnextstoppedher."Canyounot?"[B]That'swhenitdawnedonher:shehadbeenpostingphotosofhimonlinewithoutaskinghispermission."We'rebigadvocatesofbodilyautonomyandnotforcinghimtohugorkisspeopleunlesshewantsto,butitneveroccurredtomethatIshouldaskhispermissiontopostphotosofhimonline,"saysBurbidge,amomoftwoinWakefield,Massachusetts."NowwhenIpostaphotoofhimonline,Ishowhimthephotoandgethisokay."[C]Whenher8-month-oldis3or4yearsold,sheplanstostartaskinghiminanage-appropriateway,"Doyouwantotherpeopletoseethis?"That'spreciselytheapproachthattworesearchersadvocatedbeforearoomofpediatricians(儿科医生)lastweekattheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsmeeting,whentheydiscussedthe21stcenturychallengeof"sharenting,"anewtermforparents'onlinesharingabouttheirchildren."Asadvocatesofchildren'srights,webelievethatchildrenshouldhaveavoiceaboutwhatinformationissharedaboutthemifpossible,"saysStaceySteinberg,alegalskillsprofessorattheUniversityofFloridaLevinCollegeofLawinGainesville.[D]Whetherit'sensuringthatyourchildisn'tbulliedoversomethingyoupost,thattheiridentityisn'tdigitally"kidnapped",orthattheirphotosdon'tenduponahalfdozenchildpornography(色情)sites,asoneAustralianmomdiscovered,parentsandpediatriciansareincreasinglyawareoftheimportanceofprotectingchildren'sdigitalpresence.SteinbergandBaharehKeith,anassistantprofessorofpediatricsattheUniversityofFloridaCollegeofMedicine,saymostchildrenwilllikelyneverexperienceproblemsrelatedtowhattheirparentsshare,butatensionstillexistsbetweenparents'rightstosharetheirexperiencesandtheirchildren'srightstoprivacy.[E]"We'reinnowaytryingtosilenceparents'voices,"Steinbergsays."Atthesametime,werecognizethatchildrenmighthaveaninterestinenteringadulthoodfreetocreatetheirowndigitalfootprint."Theycitedastudypresentedearlierthisyearof249pairsofparentsandtheirchildreninwhichtwiceasmanychildrenasparentswantedrulesonwhatparentscouldshare."Theparentssaid,'Wedon'tneedrules—we'refine,'andthechildrensaid,'Ourparentsneedrules'"Keithsays."Thechildrenwantedautonomyaboutthisissueandwereworriedabouttheirparentssharinginformationaboutthem."[F]AlthoughtheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsoffersguidelinesrecommendingthatparentsmodelappropriatesocialmediausefortheirchildren,itdoesnotexplicitlydiscussoversharingbyparents."Ithinkthisisaverylegitimateconcern,andIappreciatetheirdrawingourattentiontoit,"DavidHill,afatheroffive,says.Heseesaroleforpediatricianstotalkwithparentsaboutthis,butbelievesthemessagingmustextendfarbeyondpediatricians'offices."Ilookforwardtoseeingresearchersexpandourunderstandingoftheissuesowecantranslateitintoeffectiveeducationandpolicy,"hesays.[G]There'sbeenlittleresearchonthetopic,Steinbergwroteinalawarticleaboutthisissue.Whilestatescouldpasslawsrelatedtosharinginformationaboutchildrenonline,Steinbergfeelsparentsthemselvesaregenerallybestsuitedtomakethesedecisionsfortheirfamilies."Whilewedidn'twanttocreateanyunnecessarypanic,wedidfindsomeconcernsthatweretroublesome,andwethoughtthatparentsoratleastphysiciansshouldbeawareofthosepotentialrisks,"Steinbergsays.Theyincludephotosrepurposedforinappropriateorillegalmeans,identitytheft,embarrassment,bullyingbypeersordigitalkidnapping.[H]Butthat'sthenegativeside,withrisksthatmustbebalancedagainstthebenefitsofsharing.Steinbergpointedoutthatparentalsharingonsocialmediahelpsbuildcommunities,connectspread-outfamilies,providesupportandraiseawarenessaroundimportantsocialissuesforwhichparentsmightbetheirchild'sonlyvoice.[I]AC.S.Mottsurveyfoundamongthe56percentofmothers,and34percentoffatherswhodiscussedparentingonsocialmedia,72percentofthemsaidsharingmadethemfeellessalone,andnearlyasmanysaidsharinghelpedthemworrylessandgavethemadvicefromotherparents.Themostcommontopicstheydiscussedincludedkids'sleep,nutrition,disciplinebehaviorproblemsanddaycareandpreschool.[J]"There'sthispeer-to-peernatureofhealthcarethesedayswithaprofoundopportunityforparentstolearnhelpfultips,safetyandpreventionefforts,pro-vaccinemessagesandallkindsofothermessagesfromotherparentsintheirsocialcommunities,"saysWendySueSwanson,apediatricianandexecutivedirectorofdigitalhealthatSeattleChildren'sHospital,wheresheblogsaboutherownparentingjourneytohelpotherparents."They'regettingnurturedbypeoplethey'vealreadyselectedthattheytrust,"shesays.[K]"Howdoweweightherisks,howdowethinkaboutthebenefits,andhowdowealleviatetherisks?"shesays,"Thosearethequestionsweneedtoaskourselves,andeveryonecanhaveadifferentanswer."[L]Someparentsfindthebestrouteforthemisnottoshareatall.BridgetO'Hanlonandherhusband,wholiveinCleveland,decidedbeforetheirdaughterwasbornthattheywouldnotpostherphotosonline.Whenafewfamilymembersdidpostpictures,O'Hanlonandherhusbandmadetheirwishesclear."It'sbeenhardnottosharepicturesofherbecausepeoplealwayswanttoknowhowbabiesandtoddlers(学走路的孩子)aredoingandtoseepictures,butwemadethedecisiontohavesocialmediawhileshedidnot."O'Hanlonsaid.Similarly,AlisonJamisonofNewYorkdecidedwithherhusbandthattheirchildhadarighttotheirownonlineidentity.Theydiduseaninvitation-onlyphotosharingplatformsothatfriendsandfamily,includingthosefaraway,couldseethephotos,buttheystoodfirm,simplyrefusingtoputtheirchild'sphotosonothersocialmediaplatforms.[M]"Formostfamilies,it'sajourney.Sometimesitgoeswrong,butmostofthetimeitdoesn't,"saysSwanson,whorecommendsstartingtoaskchildrenpermissiontopostnarrativesorphotosaroundages6to8."We'lllearnmoreandmorewhatourtoleranceis.Wecanaskourkidstohelpuslearnasasocietywhat'sokayandwhat'snot."[N]Indeed,thatlearningprocessgoesbothways.BriaDunham,amotherinSomerville,Massachusetts,wassoexcitedtowatchamomentofbrotherlybondingwhileherfirst-graderandbabytookabathtogetherthatshesnappedafewphotos.Butwhensheconsideredpostingthemonline,shetooktheperspectiveofherson:Howwouldhefeelifhisclassmates'parentssawphotosofhimchest-upinthebathtub?"ItmademethinkabouthowIamteachinghimtohaveownershipofhisownbodyandhowwhatissharedtodayenduresintothefuture."Dunhamsays."SoIkeptthepicturestomyselfandacceptedthisasonemorestepinsupportinghisincreasingautonomy."1、Steinbergarguedparentalsharingonlinecanbebeneficial.标准答案：H知识点解析：题干：斯坦伯格认为，家长在线分享是有益的。题干的关键词Steinberg、parentalsharingbeneficial分别与原文H段第二句中的Steinberg、parentalsharing第一句中的thebenefits相对应，题干是对H段的概括总结。故本题选H。2、Accordingtoanexpert,whenchildrenreachschoolage,theycanhelptheirparentslearnwhatcanandcannotbedone.标准答案：M知识点解析：题干：一位专家称，当孩子达到上学年龄时，他们可以帮助父母了解什么能做，什么不能做。题干的关键词allexpert、reachschoolage和helptheirparentslearnwhatcallandcannotbedone分别与原文M段中的Swanson、aroundages6to8和helpslearn…what’sokayandwhat’snot相对应，题干是对M段的概括总结。故本题选M。3、Onemotherrefrainedfrompostingherson’sphotosonlinewhensheconsideredthematterfromherson’sperspective.标准答案：N知识点解析：题干：一位母亲站在儿子的角度思考问题，没有把儿子的照片发到网上。题干的关键词Onemother、refrainedfrompostingherson’sphotosonline和fromherson’sperspective分别与原文N段第二句中的amother，最后一句中的Ikeptthepicturestomyself，以及第三句中的tooktheperspectiveofherson相对应，题干是对N段的概括总结。故本题选N。4、Accordingtoastudy,morechildrenthanparentsthinkthereshouldberulesonparents’sharing.标准答案：E知识点解析：题干：根据一项研究，认为父母分享应受到规范的孩子的人数比父母多。题干的关键词astudy、morechildrenthanparents和rulesonparents’sharing分别与原文E段第三句中的astudy、twiceasmanychildrenasparents和rulesonwhatparentscouldshare相对应，题干是对E段第三句的同义替换。故本题选E。5、KatlynBurbidgehadneverrealizedshehadtoaskherson’sapprovaltoputhisphotosonline.标准答案：B知识点解析：题干：卡特琳.伯比奇从来没有想过她必须征得儿子的同意才能把他的照片放到网上。题干的关键词KatlynBurbidge、hadneverrealized、askherson’sapproval和puthisphotosonline与B段第二句中的Burbidge、neveroccurredto、askhispermissionpostphotosofhimonline相对应，题干是对B段第二句的同义替换。故本题选B。6、Amotherdecidednottopostherson’sphotoonlinewhenheaskedhernotto.标准答案：A知识点解析：题干：一位母亲在儿子的要求下决定不把儿子的照片发到网上。题干的关键词Amother、postherson’sphotoonline和heaskedhernotto分别与A段第一句中的KatlynBurbidge(一位母亲)，第三句中的postthatonline，以及第五、六句Whathesaidnextstoppedher."Canyounot?"相对应，题干是对A段的概括总结。故本题选A。7、Awomanpediatriciantriestohelpotherparentsbysharingherownparentingexperience.标准答案：J知识点解析：题干：一位女儿科医生试图通过分享自己的育儿经验来帮助其他父母。题干的关键词A…pediatrician、helpotherparents和sharingherownparentingexperience分别与J段倒数第二句中的apediatrician、helpotherparents和blogsaboutherownparentingjourney相对应，题干是对J段倒数第二句的同义替换。故本题选J。8、Therearepeoplewhodecidesimplynottosharetheirchildren’sphotosonline.标准答案：L知识点解析：题干：有些人干脆决定不在网上分享孩子的照片。题干的关键词people和simplynottoshare分别对应原文L段第一句中的parents和nottoshareatall，题干是对L段第一句的同义替换。故本题选L。9、Parentsandphysiciansshouldrealizesharinginformationonlineaboutchildrenmayinvolverisks.标准答案：G知识点解析：题干：家长和医生应该意识到在网上分享孩子的信息可能会有风险。题干的关键词Parentsandphysicians、realize和risks分别与原文G段第三句中的parents…physicians、beawareof和risks相对应，题干是对G段第三句的同义替换。故本题选G。10、Parentswhosharetheirparentingexperiencesmayfindthemselvesintrudingintotheirchildren’sprivacy.标准答案：D知识点解析：题干：分享育儿经验的父母可能会发现自己侵犯了孩子的隐私。题干的关键词parentingexperiences和children’sprivacy分别与D段最后一句中的sharetheirexperiences和children’srightstoprivacy相对应，题干是对D段最后一句的同义替换。故本题选D。IntheRealWorld,NobodyCaresThatYouWenttoanIvyLeagueSchool[A]Asahighschooljunior,everythinginmyliferevolvedaroundgettingintotherightcollege.IdiligentlyattendedmySAT,ACT,andAdvancedPlacementtestpreparationcourses.Ijuggled(尽力应付)crosscountryandtrackschedules,newspaperstaff,andmychurch'syouthgroupanddramateam.Ididn'tdrink,party,orevendomuchdating.Therightcollege,Ithought,wasonewithprestige,onewithaname.Itdidn'thavetobetheIvyLeague,butitneededtobea"topschool".[B]Lookingbacknow,nineyearslater,Ican'trememberexactlywhatitwasabouttheseuniversitiesthatmadethemseemsomuchbetter.Wasitacurriculumthatappearedmorerigorous,perhaps?OranalumninetworkthatIhopedwouldopendoorsdowntheline?Maybe."Idothinkthereareadvantagestoschoolswithmorerecognition,"notesMarybethGasman,aprofessorofhighereducationattheUniversityofPennsylvania."Idon'tnecessarilythinkthat'sareasontogotoone."[C]Inreflection,myfirmbeliefinthepowerofthebrandwasnaive,nottomentionabitsnobby.Iquicklypassedoverstateschoolsandsouthernschools,believingtheircurriculumstobeautomaticallyinferiortonortheasternorwesterncounterparts.Instead,IdreamedoflivinginNewYorkCityandmyparentsobligedmewithavisittoNewYorkUniversity's(NYU)campus.Duringthetour,tuitionfeeswerediscussed.(NYUisconsistentlyrankedoneofthecountry'smostexpensiveschools,withroomandboardcoststotalingupwardsof$64,000ayear.)Upuntilthen,Ihadn'ttrulyrealizedjusthowexpensiveaneducationcanbe.Overthenextfewmonths,IrealizednotonlycouldInotaffordmydreamschool,Icouldn'tevenaffordtheoneswhereI'dbeenaccepted.CityUniversityofNewYork(CUNY),RutgersUniversity,andIndianaUniversitywereoutofreachaswereMississippiStateandtheUniversityofAlabama,whereIwouldhavetopayout-of-statefees.Furthercomplicatingmycollegesearchwasaflourishingtrackcareer—Iwantedtokeeprunningbutmytimesweren'tquitefastenoughtosecureascholarship.[D]Andso,at11pmonthenightofGeorgiaStateUniversity's(GSU)midnightdeadline,Iappliedonline.RatedNo.466overallonForbes'ListsTopColleges,No.183inResearchUniversities,andNo.108intheSouth,Ican'tsayitwasmytopchoice.Still,thetrackcoachhadofferedmeawalk-onspot,andIactuallyfoundtheurbanAtlantacampusadecentconsolationprizeafterNewYorkCity.[E]Whileitmayhavebeenpractical,itwasn'tprestigious.Buthere'sthething:Ilovedmy"lower-tier"(低层次的)university.(Iusetheterm"low-tier"cautiously,becauseGSUisawell-regardedresearchinstitutionthatattractshighqualityprofessorsandfacultyfromalloverthecountry.)Wearetaughttobelievethatonlybygoingtothebestschoolsandgettingthebestgradescanweescapetheratraceandbuildabetterfuture.Butwhatiflower-tiercollegesanduniversitieswerethetickettoescapingtheratrace?Afterall,whereelsecanyouleaveschoolwithadecentdegree—butwithoutalifetimeofdebt?[F]Myschooldidn'tcomepre-packagedlikethemorepopularoptions,sowewerelefttotakecareofourselves,figuringoutcitylifeandtryingtocompletedegreeprogramsthatnoonewaschampioningforustosucceedin.WhatI'msayingis,Ilovedmyuniversitybecauseittaughtusalltoberesourcefulandwecouldmakewhatwewantedoutofit.[G]Iwasluckyenoughtohavemytuitioncoveredbyalottery-fundedscholarshipcalledHOPE(HelpingOutstandingPupilsEducationally).WhenIstartedcollege,theHOPEscholarshipwasfundedbythestateofGeorgiaandofferedtograduatinghighschoolseniorswithaGPAof3.0orhigher.LivingcostsandbooksIpaidforwithmoneyearnedduringhighschool,supplementedbyasmallcollegefundmydeceasedgrandfatherleftformeandamodestsavingsaccountmyparentscreatedwhenIwasborn.[H]Sowhataboutallthatnamerecognition?Sure,manyofmycolleaguesandcompetitorshavemoreglamorousalmamaters(母校)thanIdo.Asajournalist,IhavecompetedagainstNYU,Columbia,andNortheasterngraduatesforjobs.Andyet,notasingleinterviewerhaseveraskedmeaboutmyeducationalbackground.Infact,almosteveryinterviewI'veeverhadwasduetoaconnection—onethatI'vegainedthroughpuredetermination,notaschoolbrand.[I]AccordingtoTheBostonGlobe,studentswhoearnedtheirbachelor'sin2012haveanaveragemonthlyloanpaymentof$312,whichisone-thirdmorethanthosewhograduatedin2004.Ultimately,that'sthethinguniversitiesdon'twanttoadmit.Privateuniversitiesaremoney-makinginstitutions.Ifyoucanaffordtobuyprestige,that'syourchoice.Fortherestofus,however,ourheartylower-tiereduniversitiesarejustfine,thankyou.[J]Wealthyuniversitiestalkupthebenefitstheirnamewillgivegraduates:namely,strongalumninetworks,starfaculty,andaresumeboost.Butyouneedn'tattendanIvyLeagueschooltoreapthoserewards.LudacrisandtheformerCEOofBankofAmericaKenLewisarealumniofmycollege,aswellasVICE'sfirstfemaleeditor-in-chief,EllisJones.Successfulpeopletendtobesuccessfulnomatterwheretheygotoschool,andlower-tierschoolscanhavealumninetworksjustasstrongastheirbignamecounterparts.Infact,lower-tierschoolalumninetworksarearguablystronger,becausefellowalumnirecognizethatyoudidn'tnecessarilyhaveaneasypathtofollow.Theymightbemorewillingtooffercareerhelp,becauseyourlessfamousschooldenotesthat,likethem,youarealsofullofenergyandperseverance.[K]TheWashingtonPostreportedonarecentstudybyPrincetoneconomists,inwhichcollegegraduateswhoappliedtothemostselectiveschoolsinthe12thgradewerecomparedtothosewhoappliedtoslightlylessselectiveschools.Theyfoundthatstudentswithmorepotentialearnedmoreasadults,andthereverseheldtrueaswell,nomatterwheretheywenttoschool.[L]Likewise,starfacultyarenotalwaysfoundwhereyou'dexpect.Bignameschoolsarenotnecessarilythebestplacesforprofessors;plus,manyprofessorssplitteachingtimebetweenmultiplecollegesand/oruniversities.Thismeans,forinstance,aCUNYstudentcouldreasonablyexpecttoreceivethesamequalityofinstructionfromaprestigiousprofessorastheywouldiftheywereenrolledinthesameclassatNYU.[M]It'spossiblethatsomehiringmanagersmaybedrawntocandidateswithaparticulareducationalresume,butit'snoguarantee.Accordingtoa2012surveydescribedinTheAtlantic,collegereputationrankedlowestinrelativeimportanceofattributesinevaluatinggraduatesforhire,beatenoutbytopfactorslikeinternships,employmentduringcollege,collegemajor,volunteerexperience,andextracurriculars.[N]Maybestudentswhochooselessprestigiousuniversitiesareboundtosucceedbecausetheyaredeterminedto.Itendtothinkso.Inanycase,ifIcoulddoitagain,I'dstillmakethesamechoice.TodayI'mdebt-free,resourceful—andIunderstandthateventheshiniestpackagingcan'tpredictwhatyou'llfindontheinside.11、Modestinstitutionscanalsohavesuccessfulgraduatesandstrongalumninetworks.标准答案：J知识点解析：题干：普通院校也可以拥有成功的毕业生以及强大的校友网。题干的关键词Modestinstitutions，successfulgraduates，strongalumninetworks分别与原文J段第四句中的lower-tierschools，Successfulpeople，alumninetworksjustasstrongas相对应，题干是对J段第四句的同义替换。故本题选J。12、Themoneytheauthormadeinhighschoolhelpedpayforherlivingexpensesandbooksatcollege.标准答案：G知识点解析：题干：作者在高中时赚的钱帮她支付了大学的生活费和书本费。题干的关键词Themoney…madeinhighschool，payfor…livingexpensesandbooks分别与原文G段最后一句中的earnedduringhighschool，Livingcostsandbooks…paid相对应，theauthor指该句中的I，题干是对G段最后一句的同义替换。故本题选G。13、Theauthorcametoseehowcostlycollegeeducationcouldbewhenshewastryingtochooseauniversitytoattend.标准答案：C知识点解析：题干：当作者试图选择一所大学就读时，她开始明白大学教育有多贵。题干的关键词cametosee，cosily，collegeeducation分别与原文C段第五句中的realized，expensive，aneducation相对应，题干是对C段第五句的同义替换。故本题选C。14、Arecentstudyfoundthatagraduate’ssalaryisdeterminedbytheirpotential,nottheuniversitytheyattended.标准答案：K知识点解析：题干：最近的一项研究发现，毕业生的薪水取决于他们的潜力，而非他们上的大学。题干的关键词Arecentstudy，agraduate’ssalary，nottheuniversitytheyattended分别对应原文K段第一句中的arecentstudy，第二句中的earnedmoreasadults和nomatterwheretheywenttoschool，题干是对K段的概括总结。故本题选K。15、Theauthorcannotrecallforsurewhatmadecertaintopuniversitiesappearalotbetter.标准答案：B知识点解析：题干：作者记不清是什么让某些顶尖大学显得好很多。题干的关键词cannotrecallforsure，topuniversities，appearalotbetter分别对应原文B段第一句中的Can’trememberexactly，theseuniversities，seemsomuchbetter，题干是对B段第一句的同义替换。故本题选B。16、Noneoftheauthor’sjobinterviewerscaredwhichcollegeshewentto.标准答案：H知识点解析：题干：没有一个职位的面试官关心作者上的是哪所大学。题干的关键词Noneof…jobinterviewers，whichcollegeshewentto分别对应原文H段第四句中的notasingleinterviewer，myeducationalbackground，题干是对H段第四句的同义替换。故本题选H。17、Theauthorthinksshedidtherightthinginchoosingalessprestigiousuniversity.标准答案：N知识点解析：题干：作者认为她选择了一所不太知名的大学是正确的。题干的关键词choosingalessprestigiousuniversity对应原文N段第一句中的chooselessprestigiousuniversities，且由该段第三句可知，作者认为自己作出的选择是正确的，对应题干关键词shedidtherightthing，题干是对N段第一至三句的概括总结。故本题选N。18、Inordertobeadmittedtoaprestigiousuniversity,theauthortookpartinvariousextracurricularactivitiesandattendedtestpreparationcourses.标准答案：A知识点解析：题干：为了考上名牌大学，作者参加了各种课外活动，还去上了备考课程。题干的关键词beadmittedtoaprestigiousuniversity,theauthortookpartinvariousextracurricularactivitiesandattendedtestpreparationcourses分别与A段第一句的gettingintotherightcollege，第二句的attendedmySAT,ACT,and…preparationcourses和第三句的Ijuggledcrosscountryandtrackschedules,newspaperstaff,andmychurch’syouthgroupanddramateam相对应，题干是对A段第一至三句的概括总结。故本题选A。19、Theauthorlikedheruniversitywhichwasnotprestigiousbutlessexpensive.标准答案：E知识点解析：题干：作者喜欢她的大学，虽然不是很有声望，但学费不贵。题干的关键词likedheruniversity，notprestigious，lessexpensive分别对应原文E段第二句中的lovedmy…university和第一句中的wasn’tprestigious，practical。题干是对E段第一、二句的概括总结。故本题选E。20、Collegesarereluctanttoadmitthatgraduatestodayareinheavierdebt.标准答案：I知识点解析：题干：大学不愿意承认现在的毕业生负债更多。题干的关键词reluctanttoadmit对应原文I段第二句中的don’twanttoadmit，且该段第一句指出大学生负债越来越多，对应题干关键词graduatestodayareinheavierdebt，题干是对I段第一、二句的概括总结。故本题选I。二、仔细阅读(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10分。)Criticsofstandardizedtestshavehadplentyofreasonstocelebratelately.Morethanthree-quartersofcollegesarenotrequiringtheSATortheACTforadmissionsthisfall,anall-timehigh.MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)'sannouncementonMondaythatitisreinstatingatestingrequirementforfall2023admissionswasamajordeparturefromtheserecenttrends.DroppingtheSAT,itturnsout,actuallyhurtslow-incomestudents,ratherthanhelpingthem.Studentsfromricherfamilies,onaverage,scorehigherontheSATandotherstandardizedteststhanstudentsfrompoorerones.Someresearchersthereforedismissstandardizedtestsasnothingmorethanasubstituteforasking,"Areyourich?"Buttheincome-relateddisparitiesweseeinSATscoresarenotevidenceofanunfairtest.Theyareevidenceofanunfairsociety.Thetestmeasuresdifferencesinacademicpreparedness,includingtheabilitytowriteaclearsentence,tounderstandacomplexpassage,andtosolveamathematicalproblem.TheSATdoesn'tcreateinequalitiesintheseacademicskills.Itrevealsthem.Throwingthemeasurementawaydoesn'tremedyunderlyinginjusticesinchildren'sacademicopportunities,anymorethanthrowingathermometerawaychangestheweather.Studiesofundergraduateinstitutionsandothereducationalstageshavefoundthatstandardizedtestingimprovestherepresentationoflow-incomestudents,becausetestingreplacesmoreflawedindicatorsofstudentreadiness.WhenthestateofMichiganrequiredeveryhigh-schoolstudenttotaketheACTortheSAT,itsawanincreaseinthenumberoflow-incomestudentsattendingfour-yearcolleges.Thesestudiessuggestthatthebestpolicymightactuallybetofacilitatemorehigh-schoolstudentstakingtheSAT,notabandonitentirely.Standardizedtesting,inequitableasitmightbe,ismoreequitablethananyothercriterion.Therearerealbarrierstothefairuseofstandardizedtestingthateducatorsandpolicymakersshouldaddress.Currently,justsigningupfortheSATortheGREisextremelyexpensiveformanystudents,asarecollege-applicationfees,andmanystudentsmightnotevenconsidertakingthetest.Free,accessible,universaltestingwouldhelpremovethesebarriers.Ultimately,though,Americansmustrecognizethatimprovingadmissionspoliciesatelitefour-yearcollegesisquiteinsufficienttoaddressthelargerproblemofsocialinequality.Afterall,fewerthanhalfofAmericanhighschoolersenrollinfour-yearcolleges.Inrecentyears,lifehasgottenworse,innearlyeverypossibleway,forpeoplewithoutacollegedegreeintheU.S.ParticipationinhighereducationhasbecomeabottleneckinAmericansociety.Standardizedtestingcanmakepassagethroughthatbottleneckfairer,butwemustalsoconsiderhowtomakethebottleneckwider,andprovidepeoplewithmorediverseopportunitiestobuildagoodlife—regardlessofwhethertheygetintoMIT.21、WhatdowelearnfromthepassageabouttheMIT’sannouncement?A、Itwentagainstrecenttrends.B、Ithasdrawnfiercecriticism.C、Itsetanexampleforothercolleges.D、Ithashurtlow-incomestudents.标准答案：A知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词MIT’sannouncement定位至第一段第三句，该句指出MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)’sannouncementonMondaythatitisreinstatingatestingrequirementforfall2023admissionswasamajordeparturefromtheserecenttrends(麻省理工学院周一宣布2023年秋季招生将恢复考试要求，这与最近的趋势背道而驰)，A项“这与最近的趋势背道而驰”是对第三句的同义替换。故本题选A。B项“它招致了激烈的批评”和C项“它为其他大学树立了榜样”均属于无中生有。D项“它不利于来自低收入家庭的学生”与第一段第四句“取消SAT考试实际上对来自低收入家庭的学生有不良影响”表述不符，原文说的是DroppingtheSAT…hurtslow-incomestudents，而非该项中的hashurtlow-incomestudents，原文意在说明一种“影响”，而非“结果”。22、WhatdoestheauthorthinkofthrowingtheSATaway?A、Itwillenablestudentstofocusonnonacademicfields.B、Itwillmakeithardforstudentstoimproveacademicabilities.C、Itwon’tremovetheinequalityofacademicopportunities.D、Itwillbestronglyopposedbyricherstudents.标准答案：C知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词throwingtheSATaway定位至第二段最后一句，其中theSAT对应最后一句中的也emeasurement。由最后一句Throwingthemeasurementawaydoesn’tremedyunderlyinginjusticesinchildren’sacademicopportunities(抛弃这一衡量手段并不能改善孩子们上大学的机会中潜在的不平等现象)可知，C项“它不会消除学术机会中的不平等”是对最后一句的同义替换。故本题选C。A项“它将使学生能够专注于非学术领域”和B项“它将使学生很难提高学术能力”均属于无中生有。D项“它将遭到富裕学生的强烈反对”是对第二段第一句“平均来看，来自富裕家庭的学生在SAT等标准化考试中得分较高”的过度推断。23、WhatdoestheauthorimplybycitingtheexampleofMichiganhigh-schools?A、Poorerstudentsaremorediligentthanricherones.B、Standardizedtestingbenefitslow-incomestudents.C、TheACTandtheSATarenotequitableenough.D、Morehigh-schoolstudentshavetakentheSAT.标准答案：B知识点解析：推断题。根据题干关键词Michiganhigh-schools定位至第三段第二句，该句无法解题，需查看上下文。第一句指出standardizedtestingimprovestherepresentationoflow-incomestudents(标准化考试提高了来自低收入家庭的学生的代表性)，B项“标准化考试有利于低收入学生”是对第一句的概括总结。故本题选B。A项“贫穷的学生比富裕的学生更勤奋”原文未提及，属于无中生有。C项“ACT和SAT考试不够公平”与第三段最后一句“尽管标准化考试可能有不公平之处，但它比任何其他标准都更公平”表述不符，并非这两项考试不够公平，且这并非例子所要论证的论点。D项“更多的高中生参加了SAT考试”利用第三段第三句“这些研究表明，上上之策实际上可能是促使更多的高中生参加SAT考试”设置干扰，且这并非例子所要论证的论点。24、Whatdoestheauthorargueinthelastparagraph?A、Collegesshouldincreasetheenrollmentofhighschoolers.B、Moreopportunitiesbesidesgoingtocollegeshouldbeprovided.C、Standardizedtestingisthekeytoaddresssocialinequality.D、Itisessentialfortheyouthtodaytogetacollegedegree.标准答案：B知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词thelastparagraph定位至最后一段。最后一段首句指出改进四年制精英大学的招生政策对于解决更大的社会不平等问题来说是远远不够的，由此可初步判断B项正确。结合最后一段第五句可知，我们必须为人们提供更多的机会来构建美好的生活，无论他们是否考上大学。B项“除了上大学，还应该提供更多样化的机会”是对最后一段第一句和最后一句的概括总结。故本题选B。A项“大学应该增加高中生的入学人数”属于无中生有。C项“标准化测试是解决社会不平等问题的关键”与最后一段第一句“改进大学招生政策(即提供免费、方便、普及的标准化考试)对于解决更大的社会不平等问题来说是远远不够的”表述不符。D项“对于当今的年轻人来说，获得大学学位是至关重要的”是对最后一段第三句“近年来，美国没有大学学位的人的生活几乎在方方面面都变得更糟了”的过度推断。25、Whatdoestheauthormainlydiscussinthepassage?A、MITtakestheleadinrestoringtheSAT.B、HowtohelpstudentsgethigherSATscores?C、Standardizedtestingisn’twhat’sunfair.D、Howtomakehighereducationmoreaccessible?标