高考英语长难句结构分析九讲义

2025年高考英语长难句结构分析九1.Poisonousliquidcancausethesymptomsuchasfluandmuscleachesoitisessentialtoputuniqueidentificationlabelonthemaccordingtothedirections.有毒液体能引起诸如流感、肌肉酸痛的症状，因此，有必要按照说明给它们贴上独特的识别标签。●结构分析：

⑴连词1个：so引导结果状语从句⑵五种简单句结构有2个：①Poisonousliquidcancausethesymptom，主谓宾②itisessential，主系表⑶非谓语动词1个：toputuniqueidentificationlabelonthemaccordingtothedirections作主语，it作形式主语★缩句为

Poisonousliquidcancausethesymptomsoitisessentialtoputuniqueidentificationlabelonthem

●词汇短语①symptom

n.症状，征兆，征候Lookoutforsymptomsofdepression.留心看有无抑郁症状。Symptomsincludeaheadacheandsorethroat.

症状包括头痛和咽喉疼痛。Theriseininflationwasjustonesymptomofthepoorstateoftheeconomy.通胀上升不过是经济不景气的一个征候。②identification

n.识别，鉴定，确定，确认，身份证明，辨认，密切关联，强烈的同情感（或谅解、支持）identify

vt.识别，确认，发现，鉴定，显示，找到，认出，说明身份Theidentificationofthecrashvictimswasalonganddifficulttask.鉴别坠机意外伤亡者的工作费时而且困难重重。Eachproducthasanumberforeasyidentification.

每件产品都有号码以便于识别。Onlyonewitnesscouldmakeapositiveidentification.

只有一位目击者能够明确指认。Theearlyidentificationofchildrenwithspecialeducationalneedsisveryimportant.早期确认儿童有特殊教育需求很重要。CanIseesomeidentification,please?

请出示任何身份证件好吗？Heremotionalidentificationwiththeplay'sheroineimpressedmegreatly.她与剧中女主人公在情感上的共鸣，给我留下深刻的印象.Itiswellknownthatthevoters'identificationoftheDemocratswithhightaxes众所周知，选民把民主党和高税收画上等号Thebodieswereidentifiedasthoseoftwosuspecteddrugdealers.那两具尸体被辨认出原是两名贩毒嫌疑犯。Shewasabletoidentifyherattacker.

她认出了袭击她的人。Passengerswereaskedtoidentifytheirownsuitcasesbeforetheywereputontheplane.乘客被要求先确认自己的旅行箱再送上飞机。Scientistshaveidentifiedalinkbetweendietandcancer.科学家发现了饮食与癌症之间的关联。Asyettheyhavenotidentifiedabuyerforthepany.迄今为止他们还没有为公司找到买主。Theyaretryingtoidentifywhatiswrongwiththepresentsystem.他们正试图弄清现行制度的弊端所在。Inmanycases,theclothespeoplewearidentifythemasbelongingtoaparticularsocialclass.很多情况下，人们的穿着显示出他们的社会阶级。Ididn'tenjoythebookbecauseIcouldn'tidentifywithanyofthemaincharacters.我不喜欢这本书，因为我无法与其中的任何主要角色产生共鸣。Hewasnotthe‘toughguy’thepublicidentifiedhimwith.他并不是公众所认定的那种硬汉。Youshouldnotidentifywealthwithhappiness.你不应该认为财富就等于幸福。TheChurchbecameincreasinglyidentifiedwithoppositiontotheregime.教会日益和反对政权的势力走到一起。③label

n.标签，标记，唱片公司，签条，(不恰当的)称谓，绰号，叫法vt.贴标签于，(尤指不公正地)把…称为，用标签标明Thewashinginstructionsareonthelabel.

洗涤说明在标签上。He'llonlywearclotheswithadesignerlabel.

他只愿穿高档名牌服装。Ihatedthelabel‘housewife’.

我不喜欢“家庭主妇”这个称谓。It'shisfirstreleaseforamajorlabel.

这是他在大唱片公司发行的第一张唱片。Wecarefullylabelledeachitemwiththecontentsandthedate.我们仔细地把每件物品用标签标明成分和日期。Thefilewaslabelled‘Private’.

那档案已标明“保密”。Hewaslabelled(as)atraitorbyhisformercolleagues.他被以前的同事称为叛徒。Itisunfairtolabelasmallbabyasnaughty.硬说一个小小的婴儿淘气是不公平的。④direction

n.方向，（电影导演的）指点，指示，方面，管理，目的，趋势，方位，动向，用法说明Whenthepolicearrived,thecrowdscatteredinalldirections.警察赶到后，人群便向四面八方散开了。Ilostallsenseofdirection(=Ididn'tknowwhichwaytogo).我完全迷失了方向。Theexhibitionprovidesevidenceofseveralnewdirectionsinherwork.这个展览表明她的创作有几个新动向。Iamveryunhappywiththedirectiontheclubistaking.我对俱乐部的发展趋势很不满意。It'sonlyasmallimprovement,butatleastit'sastepintherightdirection.虽然这只是小小的改进，但至少是朝正确方向迈出的一步。Supportcamefromanunexpecteddirection.一个出人意料的来源提供了帮助。Letusapproachthesubjectfromadifferentdirection.咱们从一个不同的角度来探讨这个题目吧。Wearelookingforsomebodywithaclearsenseofdirection.我们想找一个有明确目标的人。Onceagainherlifefeltlackingindirection.她的生活似乎又没了方向。Let'sstopandaskfordirections.

咱们停下来问问路吧。Simpledirectionsforassemblingthemodelareprintedonthebox.模型装配的简要说明印在盒子上。AllworkwasproducedbythestudentsunderthedirectionofJohnWilliams.所有作品都是在约翰∙威廉斯的指导下由学生创作完成的。Thereissomecleverdirectionandthefilmisverywellshot.由于导演指导有方，影片拍得非常成功。2.Theearnestcustomsofficertookitforgrantedthathepossessedtherighttohavearoutinecheckofeveryone'sluggagebuthehadnoideahehadoffendedtheleader.那个认真的海关官员理所应当地认为：按常规，他有权例行检查所有人的行李，但是他不知道已经冒犯了领导。●结构分析：⑴连词3个①that引导宾语从句，it形式宾语②but连接并列句③ideahe之间省略连词that，其引导宾语从句（hadnoidea相当于didn'tknow）⑵五种简单句结构有4个：①Theearnestcustomsofficertookitforgranted，主谓宾宾补②hepossessedtheright，主谓宾③hehadnoidea，主谓宾④hadoffendedtheleader，主谓宾⑶非谓语动词1个：tohavearoutinecheckofeveryone'sluggage作中心词theright的后置定语，说明其内容★缩句为Thecustomsofficertookitforgrantedthathepossessedtherightbuthedidn’tknowhehadoffendedtheleader.●词汇短语①earnestadj.

认真的，真诚的，诚实的Despiteherearnestefforts,shecouldnotfindajob.

尽管她已尽心竭力，但是仍然找不到工作。TheworkonthehousewillbegininearnestonMonday.这栋房子的修建工作将在星期一正式开始。YoumaylaughbutI'mindeadlyearnest.你可以笑，不过我可是正经八百的。Icouldtellshespokeinearnest.我看得出她是郑重其事地说的。②takeforgranted

认为理所当然Intelligentpeopleletthemselvesbeefascinatedbythingsotherstakeforgranted.高智商的人会对别人认为理所当然的事物着迷。Theytakeforgrantedthatitisagoodinvestment.他们想当然地觉得这就是项不错的投资。Heseemedtotakeitforgrantedthatheshouldspeakasarepresentative.他似乎想当然地认为他应该以代表的身份发言。Itakeitforgrantedthattheyhavearrivedtherealready.我还以为他们已经到这儿了。③possess

vt.具有(特质)，拥有，有，控制，支配，攫住，使言行失常Hewaschargedwithpossessingashotgunwithoutalicence.

他被控无照拥有猎枪。Thegallerypossessesanumberoftheartist'searlyworks.

这座画廊藏有那位画家的一些早期作品。I'mafraidhedoesn'tpossessasenseofhumour.恐怕他没有什么幽默感。Whatpossessedhimtosaysuchathing?

他着了什么魔竟说出这种话来？④routine

n.常规，例行程序，无聊，(演出中的)一套动作，一系列笑话(等)，正常顺序，生活乏味

adj.常规的，日常的，正常的，例行公事的，平常的，乏味的，平淡的，毫不特别的Wearetryingtogetthebabyintoaroutineforfeedingandsleeping.我们试着让婴儿按时进食和睡觉。Makeexerciseapartofyourdailyroutine.让锻炼成为你日常生活的一部分。Wecleanandrepairthemachinesasamatterofroutine.

我们定期清洗和修理机器。Sheneededabreakfromroutine.

她需要摆脱一下刻板的生活。Thefaultwasdiscoveredduringaroutinecheck.

这个错误是在一次常规检查中发现的。Hediedofaheartattackduringaroutineoperation.

他在一次普通手术中死于心脏病。Thistypeofworkrapidlybeesroutine.

这种工作很快就变得乏味无聊。⑤offend

v.

得罪，冒犯，犯罪，犯法，违背（人情），令人不适They'llbeoffendedifyoudon'tgototheirwedding.你若不参加他们的婚礼，他们会生气的。Neildidnotmeantooffendanybodywithhisjoke.尼尔开那个玩笑并非想冒犯谁。ATVinterviewermustbecarefulnottooffend.

电视采访者必须小心别得罪人。Thesmellfromthefarmoffendedsomepeople.

农场散发的气味让一些人闻了不舒服。Hestartedoffendingattheageof16.

他16岁就开始犯法。3.Somemanufacturers,thirstyformoreillegalprofits,offerthefakegoods,whichinturnwillspoiltheirmostpreciouswealththetrustforthebrandandleavethemselvesstrandedintrouble.一些企图获取更多非法利润的制造商供应假货，结果会毁了他们最珍贵的财富——品牌信誉，让自己陷入困境。●结构分析：⑴连词2个①which引导非限制性定语从句②and连接并列谓语动词spoil和leave⑵五种简单句结构有3个：①Somemanufacturersofferthefakegoods，主谓宾②whichwillspoiltheirmostpreciouswealth，主谓宾③whichwillleavethemselvesstrandedintrouble，主谓宾宾补⑶非谓语动词1个：strandedintrouble作宾语themselves的补足语★缩句为Somemanufacturersofferthefakegoods,whichwillspoiltheirwealthandleavethemselvesstrandedintrouble●词汇短语①manufacturer

n.制造商，生产商，制造者，生产者

manufacture

vt.制造，产生(一种物质)，生成，(用机器)大量生产，捏造，编造，成批制造n.批量生产，工业品，大量制造Alwaysfollowthemanufacturer'sinstructions.

务必按厂家的用法说明使用。Faultygoodsshouldbereturnedtothemanufacturers.

有问题的产品应退还生产厂家。Theymanufacturetheclassofplasticsknownasthermoplasticmaterials.

他们生产这类被称为热塑材料的塑料制品。Vitaminscannotbemanufacturedbyourbodies.

维生素不能由人体来生成。Accordingtotheprosecution,theofficersmanufacturedanelaboratestory.根据控方意见，官员们精心编造了事情经过。Thispaperintroducesitsusageinproductiondesign,modelmanufacture.本文介绍了它在产品开发、模具制造、单件小批量生产中的应用。②thirsty

adj.渴的，口渴的，渴望，缺水的，干旱的，渴求，热望

thirst

n.口渴，渴望，渴，渴求，干渴，干渴感

vi.渴，想喝水

bethirstyfor

v.渴望Cocaiswellknownforreducinghunger,thirstandfatigue...人们都知道可乐能消饿、止渴和解乏。Theydiedofthirstonthevoyage.

他们在航行途中因缺水而死亡。Childrenshowarealthirstforlearning.

孩子们对于学习表现出真诚的渴望。Weallthirstforthesamethings.

我们都渴望得到同样的东西。Youngmanshouldbethirstyforknowledge.

青年人应该渴望知识。③fake

adj.假的，伪造的，冒充的

n.假货，赝品，冒充者

v.伪造，假装，佯装，装出(某种感情、有病等)，冒充Thebankmanagerissaidtohaveissuedfakecertificates.据说那个银行经理曾出具伪造的凭证。Allthepaintingsprovedtobefakes.

所有这些画结果证实都是赝品。Shefakedhermother'ssignatureonthedocument.

她伪造了她母亲在文件上的签字。She'snotreallysickshe'sjustfakingit.

她并不是真的病了，不过是假装的。④spoil

v.破坏，宠坏，溺爱，糟蹋，毁掉，变坏，娇惯，搞坏，善待，格外关照Thetallbuildingshavespoiledtheview.

那些高楼大厦破坏了这一带的景致。Shespoilsthosekidsofhers.

她那几个孩子给她宠坏了。Whynotspoilyourselfwithaweekendinatophotel?为什么不到顶级饭店度个周末，让自己享受享受呢？Hereallyspoiledmeonmybirthday.

我过生日那天他真让我受宠若惊。⑤strand

vt.

搁浅，使滞留

n.(线、绳、金属线、毛发等的)股，(观点、计划、故事等的)部分，方面，缕，滨，(海洋、湖或河的)岸Thestrikelefthundredsoftouristsstrandedattheairport.

这场罢工使成百上千的游客滞留在机场。Theshipwasstrandedonasandbank.

船在沙洲上搁浅了。Sheworeasinglestrandofpearlsaroundherneck.

她脖子上戴着单串珍珠。Weheardeverystrandofpoliticalopinion.

各派的政治观点我们都听到了。Theauthordrawsthedifferentstrandsoftheplottogetherinthefinalchapter.作者在最后一章把不同的情节线索归拢到了一起。4.Oncetheconsequenceofthenegotiationconductedbythediplomatsisdisappointing,onmostoccasions,itseemsinevitableforthegovernmentstoadoptthemostextremeandfrighteningmeasurewaratallcosts.一旦外交官协商的结果令人失望，在大多数情况下，政府似乎不可避免地会采取最极端恐怖的手段不惜一切地发动战争。●结构分析：⑴连词1个：Once引导条件状语从句⑵五种简单句结构有2个：①theconsequenceisdisappointing，主系表

②itseemsinevitable，主系表⑶非谓语动词2个：①conductedbythediplomats作中心词thenegotiation的后置定语②forthegovernmentstoadoptthemostextremeandfrighteningmeasurewaratallcosts作主语，it形式主语★缩句为Oncetheconsequenceisdisappointing,itseemsinevitableforthegovernmentstoadoptthemeasure●词汇短语①consequence

n.后果，结果，重要性

Thisdecisioncouldhaveseriousconsequencesfortheindustry.这项决定可能对该行业造成严重后果。Twohundredpeoplelosttheirjobsasadirectconsequenceofthemerger.合并一事直接导致二百人失去了工作。Hedrovetoofastwithtragicconsequences.

他开车太快，结果酿成惨剧。Don'tworry.It'sofnoconsequence.

别担心，这无关紧要。Thechildwasborndeformedinconsequenceofaninjurytoitsmother.由于母亲受过伤，这小孩生下来是畸形。②negotiation

n.

谈判，协商，磋商

Theybeginanotherroundofnegotiationstoday.

他们今天开始了另一轮的谈判。Therentisamatterfornegotiationbetweenthelandlordandthetenant.租金可以由房东和租户协商确定。Acontractispreparedinnegotiationwithourclients.我们和客户协商起草了一份合同。Theissueisstillundernegotiation.

这个问题还在商讨之中。Thepriceisgenerallyopentonegotiation.

一般来讲，价格可以商量。③onmostoccasions

在大多数情况下

Onmostsocialoccasions,shelurkedinthebackground.在大多数社交场合，她总是退居后台。④inevitable

adj.不可避免的

n.

必然发生的事；不可避免的事Itwasaninevitableconsequenceofthedecision.

那是这个决定的必然后果。Itwasinevitablethattherewouldbejoblosses.

裁员已是不可避免的事。Ariseintheinterestratesseemsinevitable.

提高利率似乎是不可避免的。Youhavetoaccepttheinevitable.

你得接受必然发生的事。5.Althoughsomepartsofthesurfacewereillegible,theelaboratemasterpieceintheexhibitionabsolutelyillustratedamagnificentvividsceneinwhichourancestorswenthuntingandresistedthewildbeast.尽管部分表面已变得不能辨认，展会上，这幅精美绝伦的绘画杰作展示了一幅栩栩如生的祖先打猎、与野兽抵抗的场景。●结构分析：⑴连词3个①Although引导让步状语从句②inwhich引导定语从句③and连接并列谓语动词went和resisted

⑵五种简单句结构有4个：①somepartswereillegible，主系表②themasterpieceillustratedascene，主谓宾③ourancestorswenthunting，主谓④ourancestorsresistedthewildbeast，主谓宾⑶非谓语动词1个：★缩句为

Althoughsomepartswereillegible,themasterpieceillustratedasceneinwhichourancestorswenthuntingandresistedthewildbeast

●词汇短语①illegibleadj.难以辨认的，字迹模糊的，无法辨识的Theinfelicitoustypesettingwasduetoillegiblecopy.

错误的排版是由于难以辨认的拷贝造成的。Itisimpossibletodeliverthisletterbecausetheaddressisillegible.由于地址字迹不清，致使信件无法投递。②elaborate

adj.复杂的，详尽的，精心制作的

v.精心制作，详细描述，详尽阐述，详细制订Theyusedelaboratesecretcodes,aswhenthenamesoftreesstoodforletters他们使用了复杂的暗号，比如用树的名称代表字母。Corderprovidesanelaborateprocedureforrecognizingerrors.Corder提出了详尽的识别错误方法Shehadpreparedaveryelaboratemeal.

她做了一顿精美的饭菜。Heisknownforhiselaboratecostumes.

他以着装精致而闻名。Hesaidhewasresigningbutdidnotelaborateonhisreasons.他说他准备辞职但未详细说明原因。Shewentontoelaborateherargument.

她进而详尽阐述了她的论点。Inhisplayshetakessimpletraditionaltalesandelaboratesthem.他在剧本里采用了一些简单的传统故事并进行了发挥。③absolutely

adv.

(强调真实无误)绝对地，完全地，当然，对极了，极其You'reabsolutelyright.

你完全正确。Hemadeitabsolutelyclear.

他把此事讲得一清二楚。Shedidabsolutelynowork.

她一丁点活儿也没有干。There'sabsolutelynothingmorethedoctorscando.

医生的确再也无计可施了。Iwasabsolutelyfuriouswithhim.

我被他气炸了。Sheabsolutelyadoresyou.

她极为崇拜你。He's