2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit1GrowingupPeriod2Understandingideas课时素养检测含解析外研版选择性必修第二册

PAGE课时素养检测二Unit1Period2Ⅰ.阅读理解ATherearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisbornwith.Humanbrainsdifferconsiderably,somebeingmorecapablethanothers.Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividual—thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisraised.Ifanindividualishandicappedenvironmentally,itislikelythathisbrainwillfailtodevelopandhewillnevergettothelevelofintelligenceofwhichheiscapable.Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual’sintelligencecanbedemonstratedbythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMark.Beingidentical,thetwinshadidenticalbrainsatbirth,andtheirgrowthprocesseswerethesame.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsold,theirparentsdied,andtheywereplacedinseparatefosterhomes.Peterwasbroughtupbyparentsoflowintelligenceinanisolatedcommunitywithpooreducationalopportunities.Markwasbroughtupinthehomeofwell-to-doparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadtoasachild,senttogoodschools,andgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulatedintellectually.Thisenvironmentaldifferencecontinueduntilthetwinswereintheirlateteens,whentheyweregiventeststomeasuretheirintelligence.Mark’sI.Q.was125,twenty-fivepointshigherthantheaverageandfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.Givenequalopportunities,thetwins,havingidenticalbrains,wouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel.【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了智力和环境的关系,同样智力水平的人,环境和教化不一样,智商也会有很大的不同。1.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MeasuringYourIntelligenceB.IntelligenceandEnvironmentC.TheCaseofPeterandMarkD.HowtheBrainInfluencesIntelligence【解析】选B。主旨大意题。依据第一段中的“Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividualthesortofenvironmentinwhichheisraised.”可知,本文主要介绍了智力和环境的关系。2.Thebeststatementofthemainideaofthispassageisthat_______.

A.humanbrainsdifferconsiderablyB.thebrainapersonisbornwithisimportantindetermininghisintelligenceC.environmentiscrucialindeterminingaperson’sintelligenceD.personshavingidenticalbrainswillhaveroughlythesameintelligence【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。依据其次段第一句“Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual’sintelligencecanbedemonstratedbythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMark.”可知,双胞胎Peter和Mark受不同的环境的影响,最终智力水平也不同是环境对确定一个人智力的重要性的最好证明,由此可知,环境对确定一个人的智力至关重要是对文章观点的最好表述。3.Thecasehistoryofthetwinsappearstosupporttheconclusionthat_______.

A.individualswithidenticalbrainsareseldomtestedatthesamelevelB.anindividual’sintelligenceisdeterminedonlybyhisenvironmentC.lackofopportunityblocksthegrowthofintelligenceD.changesofenvironmentproducechangesinthestructureofthebrain【解析】选C。推理推断题。依据最终一段中的“Givenequalopportunities,thetwins,havingidenticalbrains,wouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel”可知,假如机会均等,这对拥有相同智力水平的双胞胎,测试结果将大致相同,由此可知,缺乏机会阻碍智力的发展。4.Thispassagesuggeststhatanindividual’sI.Q._______.

A.canbepredictedatbirthB.staysthesamethroughouthislifeC.canbeincreasedbyeducationD.isdeterminedbyhischildhood【解析】选C。推理推断题。依据其次段中的“Markwasbroughtupinthehomeofwell-to-doparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadtoasachild,senttogoodschools,andgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulatedintellectually.”可知,马克在上过高校的富有家庭长大,小时常常听故事,被送到好的学校读书,并被赐予各种机会去激发他的智力,最终的智商测试表明马克的智商远高于他的孪生兄弟彼得,由此可知,一个人的智商可以通过教化提高。BImusthavealwaysknownreadingwasveryimportantbecausethefirstmemoriesIhaveasachilddealwithbooks.TherewasnotonenightthatIdon’tremembermomreadingmeastorybookbymybedside.Iwasextremelyinspiredbytheelegantwaythewordssounded.Ialwayswantedtoknowwhatmymomwasreading.Hearingmomsay,“Ican’tbelievewhat’sprintedinthenewspaperthismorning,”mademewanttograbitoutofherhandsandreaditmyself.Iwantedtobelikemymomandknowallofthethingssheknew.SoIcarriedaroundabook,andeachnight,justtobelikeher,Iwouldpretendtobereading.Thisishoweveryonelearnedtoread.Wewouldstartoffwithsentences,thenparagraphs,andthenstories.Itseemedanunendingjourney,butevenasasix-year-oldgirlIrealizedthatknowinghowtoreadcouldopenmanydoors.Whenmomsaid,“TheC-A-N-D-Yishiddenonthetopshelf,”Iknewwherethecandywas.Myprogressinreadingraisedmycuriosity,andIwantedtoknoweverything.Ioftenfoundmyselftellingmymomtodrivemoreslowly,sothatIcouldreadalloftheroadsignswepassed.Mostofmyreadingthroughprimary,middleandhighschoolwasfactualreading.Ireadforknowledge,andtomakeA’sonmytests.Occasionally,Iwouldreadanovelthatwasassigned,butIdidn’tenjoythistypeofreading.Ilikedfacts,thingsthatareconcrete.Ithoughtanythingabstract(抽象的)lefttoomuchroomforargument.Yet,nowthatI’mgrowingandtheworldIonceknewasbeingsosimpleisbecomingmorecomplex,Ifindmyselfneedingawaytoescape.Byopeninganovel,IcanleavebehindmyburdensandenterintoawonderfulandmysteriousworldwhereIamnowanewcharacter.IntheseworldsIcanbecomeanyone.Idon’thavetowritedownwhathappenedorwhattechniquetheauthorwasusingwhenheorshewrotethis.Ijustreadtorelax.We’retaughttoreadbecauseit’snecessaryformuchofhumanunderstanding.Readingisavitalpartofmylife.Readingsatisfiesmydesiretokeeplearning.AndI’vefoundthatthepossibilitiesthatliewithinbooksarelimitless.【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文,作者讲解并描述了自己的读书经验和感悟。5.Whydidtheauthorwanttograbthenewspaperoutofmom’shands?A.Shewantedmomtoreadthenewstoher.B.Shewasanxioustoknowwhathadhappened.C.Shecouldn’twaittotearthenewspaperapart.D.Shecouldn’thelpbutstopmomfromreading.【解析】选B。细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Ialwayswantedtoknowwhatmymomwasreading.Hearingmomsay...mademewanttograbitoutofherhandsandreaditmyself”可知,作者始终想知道妈妈在读什么。作者想抢过妈妈读的报纸,因为作者自己迫切地想看一看报纸上写的内容。6.AccordingtoParagraph3,theauthor’sreadingofroadsignsindicates_______.

A.heruniquewaytolocateherselfB.hereagernesstodevelopherreadingabilityC.herefforttoremindmomtoobeytrafficrulesD.hergrowingdesiretoknowtheworldaroundher【解析】选D。推理推断题。依据第三段中的“Myprogressinreadingraisedmycuriosity,andIwantedtoknoweverything.”可以推断出,作者读路标示意作者在阅读方面的进步引起了她的新奇心,想要了解四周的一切。7.Whatwastheauthor’sviewonfactualreading?A.Itwouldhelpherupdatetest-takingskills.B.Itwouldallowmuchroomforfreethinking.C.Itwouldprovidetrueandobjectiveinformation.D.Itwouldhelpshapearealisticandseriousattitudetolife.【解析】选C。推理推断题。依据第四段中的“Mostofmyreadingthroughprimary,middleandhighschoolwasfactualreading.Ireadforknowledge,andtomakeA’sonmytests.”可知,小学和中学阶段的阅读都是事实性阅读,读书是为了获得学问,考试得A。因此事实性阅读能够供应真实的客观的信息。8.Theauthortakesnovelreadingasawayto_______.

A.exploreafantasylandB.developapassionforlearningC.learnabouttheadultcommunityD.getawayfromaconfusingworld【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。依据第五段中的“Byopeninganovel,IcanleavebehindmyburdensandenterintoawonderfulandmysteriousworldwhereIamnowanewcharacter.IntheseworldsIcanbecomeanyone.”可知,阅读小说可以让作者避开困难的现实而投入小说中的世界。Ⅱ.完形填空TheGrassCuttingDaysEverytimeweheadedouttocutgrass,Dadwastheretowatch.Iusedto1whyhecamewithus.HestoodwatchingusinthestickyFloridaheatwhenhecouldhavebeeninside2withairconditioningandanicydrink.

Onedaywewerecuttingournext-doorneighbor’syard.Shealwayswaiteduntilthegrasswasknee-hightocallusover.Tomakemattersworse,wehadanoldlawnmowerthatkeptbreakingdownaswetriedtocutthroughherbackyardjungle.Thisparticularafternoon,Iwasfinishingupandwas3andsweaty.I4thetallglassofcoldjuiceIwoulddrinkinaminutetocooldown.

Iwasjustabouttoturnoffthelawnmower5IsawDadpointingtoonesinglebladeofgrass(一片草).IthoughtaboutthesmallamountofmoneyIwasgetting6forcuttinggrasssohighthatitalmostbrokethemower.Iignoredhimandkeptwalking.Dadcalledmeoutandyelled,“Youmissedablade.”Ifrowned(皱眉),hopinghewouldletmegohome.Hekeptpointing.Thoughtiredand7,Istillwentbacktocutthatbladeofgrass.Ithoughttomyself,“Thatonebladeisn’t8anyone.Whywon’thejustletitgo?”

ButwhenIreachedadulthood,Iunderstoodhis9:Whenyou’rerunningabusiness,theworkyoudosaysagreatdealaboutyou.Ifyouwanttobeseenasanhonestbusinessman,youmustdeliveraqualityproduct.Thatsinglebladeofgrass10thejobwasnotdone.

Otherneighborstook11ofthegoodworkwedidandwesoongainedmore12.

Thelessonmydadtaughtmestayedwithme:Be13.Ifyousayyouaregoingtoperformajobatacertaintime,14yourword.Giveyourcustomersthekindof15theywouldliketoreceive.Itshowshowsincereyouareandhowmuchprideyoutakeinyourwork.

【语篇概述】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲了作者小时候割草时父亲的话语对成年以后自己的生意有了特别大的帮助和启迪。1.A.wonder B.understandC.know D.expect【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。wonder想知道;understand懂得;know知道;expect期望。依据下文父亲本可以待在空调屋里放松推断,可知“我们”都去割草,但父亲却只看着,既然这样,作者想知道他为什么还要跟着去。2.A.hiding B.relaxingC.playing D.talking【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。hiding隐藏;relaxing放松;playing玩耍;talking谈话。依据上文Hestoodwatchingus可知,父亲只是站在那里看着我们,作者认为与其这样还不如在开着空调的房间喝着冰饮料放松自己。3.A.wise B.backC.warm D.tired【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。wise明智的;back后面的;warm暖和的;tired疲惫的。依据句意可知,空处和sweaty并列,作者割草割得汗流浃背,可见特别累。4.A.pictured B.decidedC.required D.invented【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。pictured想象;decided确定;required须要;invented独创。依据句意和空后的woulddrink,可知此处的冰饮是作者想象出来的。5.A.until B.beforeC.when D.while【解析】选C。考查状语从句连词。until直到;before在……之前;when当……时;while然而。beabouttodo...when...是固定句型,意为“刚要……这时……”,符合句意。6.A.involved B.caughtC.changed D.paid【解析】选D。考查固定用法。involved包含;caught抓住;changed变更;paid支付。依据句意可知,getpaid是固定搭配,意为“得到酬劳”符合语境。7.A.discouraged B.ashamedC.touched D.shocked【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。discouraged懊丧的;ashamed惭愧的;touched受感动的;shocked震惊的。依据前文可知,作者因工作得很辛苦却只得到了一小点回报,心里不免有些泄气。8.A.surprising B.frighteningC.hurting D.challenging【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。surprising使惊异;frightening使惊吓;hurting损害;challenging向……挑战。依据句意可知,hurt意为“损害”,与句意相符。9.A.punishment B.messageC.cruelty D.expression【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。punishment惩处;message信息;cruelty残忍;expression表达。依据句意和语境可知,当作者成年以后,明白了当年父亲和他说的那句话,message在此处表示父亲传达给我的信息。10.A.seemed B.realizedC.meant D.foun