2022版高中北师大版英语一轮复习学案：必修2Unit4Cyberspace

必修2

Unit4Cyberspace

主题：人与社会子话题：科技与技术对应教材：必修2Unit

4Cyberspace;必修3Unit9Wheels;选修7Unit20New

Frontiers

------------Stepl诵读胫典•渗盍文化意谓l

I.细品味经典文章

（2019•全国卷I）

Asdataandidentitythe代becomesmoreandmorecommon,the

marketisgrowingforbiometric（生物测量）technologies—likefingerprint

scans-tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,these

technologiesarestillexpensive,though.

ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwitha

low-costdevice（装置）thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.

Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence（节奏）withwhichone

typesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldoffer

astronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser's

typingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniqueto

eachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities,andby

extension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit's

connectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.

Italsodoesn'trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen't

alreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypes

differently.

Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100

volunteerstypetheword“touch“fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.

Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferent

participantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.The

researcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardto

commercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.The

teamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.

II.按要求完成任务

1.写出文章中与科技相关的单词和短语。

dataandidentitytheft,fingerprintscans,e・spaces,asmartkeyboard,

type,password

2.写出文章中的优美句式。

(l)Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities,andbv

extension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit's

connectedto-regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.

(2)ltalsodoesn'treauireanewtypeoftechno102Vthatpeoplearen't

alreadyfamiliarwith.

⑶Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferent

participantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.

zStep2固本强基•被造语言靛力///=

I.重点词汇

1.focusvt.&vi.集中注意；（使聚焦）n.焦点，聚焦；（活动兴趣）中心,

集中点

•【典型例句】

Ifyoufocusyourattentiononyourstudy,Iamsureyouwillmakegreater

progress.

如果你专注于学习，我相信你会取得更大的进步。

.【词块必记】

(l)focuson聚焦于；专注于

focusone'seyeson凝视；注意

focusone'sattentionon集中注意力于

focusone'smindon把心思集中到...上

（2）infocus焦距对准，清晰

outoffocus焦距没对准，模糊

•【巧学助记】集中注意力于focus

集中注意力

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Someparentsfocusmoreonchildren'sacademicperformances,

ignoringtheeducationofsurvivalskills.

②Withyourattentionfullyfocused(focus)onthecellphone,perhaps,you

willfailtonoticethetrafficaroundyou.

③Thebookfocuses(focus)onbigquestions:Whathassciencerevealed

abouthumannature?

一句多译

④他当时正集中精力阅读。

Hewasfocusinghisattentiononreadin日atthattime,(focus)

二Hewasfixinghisattentiononreadingatthattime,(fix)

二Hewasabsorbedinreadingatthattime,(absorb)

二Hewaslostinreadingatthattime,(lose)

二Hewasconcentratinghisattentiononreadingatthattime.

(concentrate)

【知识拓展】表示“专心于……〃的同义词组还有：

©concentrateon②fixone/sattentionon

③belostin④beabsorbedin

@beburiedin@bedevotedto

2.harmvt.&n.伤害,损害

.【典型例句】

Litteringandscribblingdogreatharmtotheimageofourschool.乱丢垃

圾，乱涂乱画严重损害了我们学校的形象。

•【词块必记】

(1)dosb./sth.harm

伤害；对……有害

cansc/doharmtosb./sth.

meannoharm=notmeananyharm无恶意

Thereisnoharmindoingsth.做某事无害处

(2)harmfulad/.有害的

beharmfulto...对...有害

•【巧学助记】

woundharminjurehurt(梢忡、肉体)

受伤

【知识拓展】对比记忆派生短语

ability玲one'sabilitytodoable玲beabletodo

success^one'ssuccessinsuccessful->besuccessfulin

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Foranotherthing,smokingdoesgreatharmtoourhealth,sothese

candiescanserveasanalternativeoradoctor.

②Ifyouwanttosolvetheprobleminthisway,thereisnoharmin

calling(call)her.

同义句转换

(3)Soapsandotherwastescanharmwaterways,sobecarefulthatyour

washingwaterdoesn'tpollutetheseazlakesandrivers.

->Soapsandotherwastescandoharmto/beharmfulto/bebedfor

waterways,sobecarefulthatyourwashingwaterdoesn'tpollutethesea,

lakesandrivers.

.【写作金句】

Asthelegendtells,fireisprohibitedduringtheQingmingFestival,so

peoplecometojoinsomesportsactivitiestokeepwarmandavoidharms

causedbycolddishes.

相传清明节要禁火，为了取暖和防止寒食冷餐伤身，所以大家来参加

一些体育活动。

3.settlevt.&vi.安放；安居，定居；解决

•【典型例句】

Besideswatchinglanterns,itisalsoadaytoappreciatethefullmoon,

settlelanternriddles,watchartperformancesandeattangyuan,

dumplingballsmadeofglutinousrice,usuallywithsweetfillings.

除了看灯，它(元宵节)也是赏月、猜灯谜、看艺术表演、吃汤圆/元宵的

好时候。汤圆是用糯米来做的，通常包着甜馅。

•【词块必记】

(l)settledown安下心来；定居下来；舒适地坐下

settledowntosth.安下心来做某事；开始认真对待某事

settlein/into安顿下来；逐渐适应（新环境、工作等）

settleon决定，选定；停留，降落

(2)settlementn.解决；定居地；协议

reachasettlement达成协议

⑶settledadj.不变的，稳定的；固定的

(4)settlern.定居者

.【熟词生义】

Isettledthebillformycoffeeandhistwoglassesofwine.(v.结账)

.【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Refugeessettling(settle)inBritainsufferfromanumberofproblems.

②They'dliketoseetheirdaughtersettle(settle)down,getmarriedand

havekids.

③Theysettleddowntoaseriousdiscussionovercoffee.

完成句子

④Theyfailedtoreachasettlement(没有达成协议),becausethey

disagreedtoomuchwitheachother.

⑤Don'tjustwasteyourprecioustime;settledowntosomereadingor

something(坐下来读点书或者做点别的什么事).

•【写作金句】

Ifyouwanttoimproveasubjectthatyouareweakin,youshouldsettle

downtoit,andbepersistent.Youwillsucceedintime.

如果你想提升你的弱科，那么你应该专心于这个学科,持之以恒。你终

将会成功。

4.viewn.景色，风景视野；观点意见vt.眺望；观察；观看；看作

•【典型例句】

Theviewfromourwindowwasoneofbeautifulgreencountryside.

从我们的窗口能看见一片美丽的绿色田园风光。

•【词块必记】

(l)comeintoview进入视野，出现在眼前

inone'sview=intheviewofsb.在某人看来

inviewof鉴于，考虑到

from...pointofview从...观点来看

haveagoodviewof清楚地看到，饱览

(2)view...as把……视为

不一样的〃风景"

viewscenescenerysight

•【语境速测】写出黑体部分的含义

©Unfortunately,justasItookoutmycamera,awomanapproachedfrom

behind,andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmyview.(视野)

②Ababywillcometoaccepttheideathatotherpeoplecanhavedifferent

viewsanddesiresfromwhatheorshehas.(观点，见解)

完成句子

③Inmvview/Frommvpointofview,ifyouwanttolearnEnglishwell,

youneedtodomorelistening,speaking,readingandv/riting.在我看来,

如果你想学好英语，你需要多听、多说、多读、多写，

.【文化金句】

ChineseviewofCaoCaomainlycomesfromtheMingDynastynovelistLuo

Guanzhong'sTheRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms.

中国人对曹操的评价主要源于明代小说家罗贯中所著的《三国演义》。

5.affectvt.影响，起作用；感动，打动;(疾病)感染，侵袭

•【典型例句】

Thetrafficissueisahardnuttocrack.Itnotonlyaffectsoureverydaylife,

butmayalsothreatenpeople'slives.

交通问题是一个很难解决的难题。它不仅影响我们的日常生活，还可能

威胁人们的生命。

•【词块必记】

(l)beaffectedwithahighfever发高烧

affectsb.totears把某人感动得流泪

begreatly/deeplyaffectedby被……深深打动

(2)effectn.效果；影响

haveaneffecton对……产生影响

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Thefootballplayershavespentdozensofdaysinthemilitarycampwith

thesoldiers,whichhasaneffectonthem.

②Ifseriouslyaffected(affect),housesoftheordinarykindmightsuddenly

crumble,causinglossoflives.

句式升级

③Theaudienceweredeeplyaffected,andtheywarmlyapplaudedfora

longtime.

玲Deeplyaffected,theaudiencewarmlyapplaudedforalongtime.俳谓

语动词作状语)

->Theaudience,whoweredeeplvaffected,warmlyapplaudedforalong

time.(定语从句)

II.核心短语

6.getintouch取得联系

•【典型例句】

Itriedtogetintouchwithhim,butunfortunately,Idon'thavehis

addressandcan'tconnectwithhim.

我试着和他联系，但不幸的是，我没有他的地址，无法和他联系。

.【词块必记】

beintouch/contact(with)与...有联系

beoutoftouch/contact(with)与没有联系

stay/keepintouch/contact(with)与保持联系

losetouch/contact(with)与失去联系

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Getintouchwithmewithouthesitationifnecessary.

©Governmentministersareoftenbeingaccusedofbeingoutoftouch

withlife.

完成句子

©Theyhavebeenoutoftouchwitheachothersincetheirgraduation

fromcollege.

大学毕业之后他们就失去联系了。

•【写作金句】

Thosewhoareinterestedinthejobpleasegetintouchwithusassoon

aspossiblebytelephoneore-mail.

对这份工作感兴趣的人，请用电+话或者电子邮件尽快和我们取得联

系O

7.beupto做，从事于；多达，达到(数量/规格)；胜任；直到……为止;

取决于，由...决定；是...的责任

•【典型例句】

Uptotwentythousandstudentspaidbetweenfiveandsixthousand

dollars.

多达20000名学生支付了5000到6000美元。

•【词块必记】

⑴uptosth.做，忙于；多达；胜任；

直到……为止

uptosb.由某人决定，是某人的责任

Itisuptosb.todosth.由某人决定做某事

liveupto达到....的标准；不辜负

(2)Whatsup?怎么了？

.【语境速测】写出黑体部分的含义

①I'mafraidTimjustisn'tuptothejob.（胜任

②Uptosixhundredpeopleattendedthemeeting.（多达

③Shecontinuedtocareforherfatheruptothetimeofhisdeath.（直至!1

•【写作金句】

However,ifyoudon'thavesparetimeforthistrip,itisfine.It'sjustup

toyou.

不过，如果你没有时间去旅行，也没关系。这取决于你。

8.beknownas被认为是

•【典型例句】

ThediseaseismorecommonlyknownasMadCowDisease.

这种疾病更通俗的名称是疯牛病。

•【词块必记】

beknownfor因为...而出名

beknowntosb.为某人所熟知

bewellknown出名

asisknowntoall众所周知

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①ItisknowntousthatChinaismakinggreatprogressinthedevelopment

ofeconomy.

②TheWestLakeisknowntousallforitsbeauty.

完成句子

③Asisknowntoall/A/weallknow（众所周知），highschoollifeisan

importantturningpointandhighschoolcampusisanimportantplace

wherestudentsstudyandlive.

III.经典句式

9.9isclearthatwearegoingtoseeahugegrowthinshoppingonthe

Internet.

很明显，我们将会看到网上购物的大幅度增长。

.【典型例句】

Itislikelythatbabiesarenotbornknowingthisbasicfactoftheuniverse;

noraretheyeverclearlytaughtit.

婴儿出生时可能并不知道宇宙的这一基本事实；他们也没有清楚地学

习过。

•【句型公式】

⑴在"It\s+adj.+that从句(或动词不定式等)〃结构中，it作形式主语代

替后面that引导的主语从句(或动词不定式等)。

(2)it代替从句作形式主语的常见句型有：

①Itis/was+时(clear;obvious,true,possible,necessary,

natural,important...)+that...

②代is/was+n.(apity,ashame,nowonder...)+that...

③Itis/was+过去分词(said,reported,suggested,requested,

ordered...)+that...

④Itseems/happened/appears/occurred/doesn'tmatter/makesno

difference+that...

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Therefore,itisimportantthatweshouldformgoodhabitswhenwe

study.

②Itisnaturalthatyounggirlsatyouragehopetolookbeautiful.

一句多译

③很显然，对某些人来说，孩子的出生会使他们失去自由。

It'sobviousthat,tosome,thebirthofababywillbeattheexpenseof

theirfreedom.

=Obviously,tosome,thebirthofababywillbeattheexpenseoftheir

freedom.

•【写作金句】

Itisclearthatbicycleridingcanbringusmanybenefits,suchasrelieving

pressureonthedowntowntransportation,makinglessnoiseandair

pollutionandsoforth.

很明显，骑自行车会为我们带来很多益处，比如，缓解城区交通压力,

降低噪音和空气污染等。

【误区释疑】

在以上句型中，如果从句内容只是简单地陈述事实，谓语动词用陈述

语气；如果从句内容并不是陈述事实，而是表达某种强烈的情感(要求、

建议、命令、责备、惋惜、吃惊等)，谓语动词用虚拟语气，即〃(should

+)do〃形式。

10.Someexpertsseeourfutureinvirtualreality—theuseofcomputers

withsoundsandpicturesthatmakeyoufeelasifyouereinareal

situation.

有些专家看到了虚拟现实中我们的未来一一计算机通过声音和图像使

你感到你仿佛置身于一个真实的情境中。

.【典型例句】

Thehouseseemedmuted,hushedasifithadbeendeserted.

房子里似乎悄然无声，安静得好像已经没人在住一样，

•【句型公式】

⑴asif/though可以引导表语从句或方式状语从句。

(2)如果asif/though引导的从句表示实现的可能性很小或与事实相反,

则从句用虚拟语气：

谓语动词使用过去式(be的过去式一律使用

与现在的事实相反

were)

与过去的事实相反谓语动词使用过去完成式

表示将来情况发生的

谓语动词用"would/could/might+动词原形”

可能性小

(3)asif/though引导状语从句时，如果状语从句含有be动词，且其主

语与主句主语一致，则可省略其中的主语和be动词。

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①ItwasPeterwhobrokethevase.WhyareyoutalkingasifIhaddone

(do)it?

②Thoughthelocalvillagerswerepoor,theyofferedtheirclothesandfood

asifIwere(be)theirownfamily.

句型转换

③Theboywalkedaroundtheplaygroundagainandagainasifhewas

lookingforsomething.

今Theboywalkedaroundtheplaygroundagainandagainasiflookingfor

something.

©Theyweretalkinginawhisperasiftheyweresayingsomethingsecret.

->Theyweretalkinginawhisperasifsavin日somethin日secret.

•【写作金句】

Theboycaughtcheatingyesterdayactedasifnothinghadhappened.

昨天被发现作弊的那个男孩表现得好像什么也没发生过。

【备选要点】

1.likelyadj.有可能的odi/.（与most,very连用）可能

.【典型例句】

Ticketsarelikelytobeexpensive.入场券可能很贵。

•【词块必记】

⑴sb./sth.belikelytodosth.某人/某物可能做某事

⑵It'slikelythat..........是可能的

⑶notlikely不可能

【易混辨析】

表示某事很可能发生，与probable意思相近，主语可以是人

likely也可以是物。常用“Itislikelythat..."或"sb./sth.belikelytodo

sth.〃

可能性相对小，作表语时，主语不能是人。常用"Itispossible

possible

forsb.todosth."或"Itispossiblethat...w

probabl带有〃很可能〃的意味，语气比possible强，作表语时不能用

e人或不定式作主语。常用"Itisprobablethat...

.【巧学助记】不一样的可能

probable>likely>possible

【语境速测】单句语法填空

©Peoplewhoareaddictedtofastfoodaremorelikelytosuffer(suffer)

fromvariouslife-threateningdiseases.

(2)ltislikelythatpersonalinformationcouldbeletoutandmoneystolen.

完成句子

③Peoplearelikelvtoforgettheirowntraditionandculture(可育］忘，己他

们自己的传统和文化)iftheyfocustoomuchonforeignfestivals.

©Physicallyactivechildrenaremorelikelytobecomeactiveandhealthy

adults,(更有可能成长为积极健康的成年人)

一句多译

⑤如果继续吸烟，你的身体健康会受到损害。

Youarelikelvtosufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.

二Itislikelvthatyouwillsufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.

•【写作金句】

Whenteensusesocialmedia,theyarelikelytohavetroubleconcentrating

ontheirschoolwork.

当青少年使用社交媒体的时候，他们可能会难以集中注意力于学习。

2.rejectvt.拒绝，不接收

.【典型例句】

MostofmyclassmateswantedtogotoaparkwhileIhadanideaofgoing

toanicerplace.Imanagedtopersuademyclassmatesnottorejectmy

idea.Wedidhaveagoodtimethatday.我的大多数同学想去公园，而我

却想到了一个更好的地方，我设法说服同学们接受我的想法。那天我

们确实玩得很开心。

【易混辨析】

语气比refuse强，后面通常只接名词或代词,意为〃摒弃，拒

reject

绝接受，不予考虑〃

是普通用词，语气比decline强，指态度坚决、肯定无疑地拒

refuse

绝。可用名词、代词或不定式作宾语

decline指婉言谢绝有关社交活动的邀请或请求等

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Thereareplentyofwell-qualifiedcandidates,soitisnotwrongtoreject

(reject)someonewhomightdisappointmycustomers.

②Johnhadbeenrejected(reject)byanumberofuniversitieswhenhe

receivedane-mailfromtheUniversityofCalifornialastmonth.

完成句子

ImadeitdeartohimthatIrejectedhisproposal.

我清楚地告诉他，我拒绝了他的建议。

•【写作金句】

Itisuptoyoutoacceptorrejecttheproposals.

接受或是拒绝这些建议由你决定。

3.fancyvt.(非正式)想要做；幻想n.幻想；喜好adj.花哨的

•【典型例句】

Shemakesmostofherownclothes,copyinganyfashionwhichtakes

herfancy.

她大部分的衣服是模仿中意的时装自己做的。

•【词块必记】

(l)haveafancyfor/takeafancyto...喜欢……

havealivelyfancy有丰富的想象力

(2)fancydoingsth.想象做某事，竟然做某事

Ifancy...=1bet/guess...我想……

fancyoneself(as)sth.自以为，自命为……

(3)fancyclothes/diving/freshfruits/prices

新奇的服装/花式跳水/特级新鲜水果/高昂的价格

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

©Surelyasawomanshehassimplytakenafancytotheplace.

②ShefanciesherselfasanotherMadonna.

句式转换

(3)Asmiddleschoolstudents,weoftenimaginestudyinginourfavorite

universities.

->Asmiddleschoolstudents,weoftenfancyntudvinginourfavorite

universities.

.【写作金句】

IwasinformedthatourschoolPing-pongTeamislookingfornew

membersamongusstudents.Iknowyoushowgreatfancyinballgames,

especiallyping-pong.

我听说我们学校的乒乓球队正在从我们学生中招新队员。我知道你很

喜欢球类运动，尤其是乒乓球。

4.suggestionn.建议，提议

•【典型例句】

LearningyourkeeninterestinChineseculture,Isuggestyouapplyfor

PekingUniversity,oneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.鉴于你对中国文

化的浓厚兴趣，我建议你申请中国最好的大学之一北京大学。

•【词块必记】

(1)make/offer/giveasuggestion建议，提议

askforasuggestion征求建议

⑵suggestvt.建议；暗示；表明

suggestdoingsth.建议做某事

suggest(that)sb./sth.(should)dosth.建议...做...

【误区释疑】suggest表示“暗示，表明〃时，其主语往往是事物，而不是

人。这时suggest后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

①Thesmileonherfacesuggestedthatshewas(be)verysatisfiedwith

whatwehaddone.

②Hesuggesteddealing(deal)withtheprobleminanotherway.

一句多译

他建议我们步行去那里。

③Hesuggestedthatwe(should)20thereonfoot.

④HemadeasuHRestionthatwe(should)gothereonfoot.

•【写作金句】

Isuggestyouaskhimsomespecificquestionsabouthispast.

我建议你问问他有关他的过去的一些具体问题。

5.averageadj.平均的，普通的，平常的n.平均数，一般水平，中等

.【典型例句】

Onaverage,eachstudentreads5.34books,whichisdefinitelynot

adequate.

平均来说，每个学生读5.34本书，这肯定是不够的。

•【词块必记】

on(the)average平均而言；一般来说

above/below(the)average高于/低于平均水平

anaverageof...平均数为……

uptotheaverage达到一般水平

•【语境速测】单句语法填空

CpQnaverageeachreportrequires1,000hourstoprepare.

②代takesanaverageoftenweeksforahousesaletobecompleted.

语段填空

③Theaverageworkinghoursformostteachersareover10hoursadayin

mostareas.Onaverage,theirsalaryisabovethaaverage.Mostofthem

havernaverageof5,000yuanamonth.

很多地区的大多数老师平均每天的工作时间超过了10个小时。一般来

说，他们的收入高于平均水平。他们中的大多数平均每月有5000元。

zStep3强化检测•提升学习能力l

I.单句语法填空

1.（2020•全国I卷）Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswith

running,researchshows,whilemostlikelv（like）contributingtofewer

injuries.

2.（2020•全国I卷）Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedonto

theirleavestoshowwhenthey'reshortofwaterandaplantthatcan

detectharmful（harm）chemicalsingroundwater.

3.（2020•全国I卷）lt'sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchan

attractive（attract）activity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistant

professorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.

4.4020•全国HI卷）Official（office）reportssuggestthatthenumberof

householdswiththreegenerationslivingtogetherhadrisenfrom325,000

in2001to419,000in2013.

5.（2020•全国III卷）AswetravelsouthfromMadridwithProf.Ronald

MessiertohistoricToledo,RomanMeridaandintoAndalucia,weexplore

historical(history)monumentsandarchitecture.

II.语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)

短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请按要求补全短文，并背

诵体会黑体部分用法。

Oneday,Tom1.got(get)intouchwithoneofhisgoodfriendsLinda.

She2.isknown(know)asawriterand3.hassettled(settle)inthesuburbs.

Nowadays,sheisfocusingherattentionon4.writing(write)anewnovel

aboutcyberspace,whichconsists5.ofsixsections.TomtoldLindathat

hewouldtake6.overhisfather'scompanysoon.What'smore,hewould

takeimmediateaction7.torealize(reaIize)hisdream.8.Itisclearthathe

isgoingtomakethebusinessbiggerandstronger.Hisfathertoldhimifhe

keptthebusiness9.running(run)smoothly,hewouldtravelabroadas

ifhisgrandfatherhaddoneso.IntheviewofLinda,Tomshouldhang10.

onuntilhesucceeds.

III.短文改错

(2020•全国I卷)

TodayItriedcookingasimplydishmyself.Ilikeeatingfryingtomatoes

witheggs,andIthoughtitmusttobeeasytocook.Mymomtoldme

howtopreparingit.FirstIcutthetomatoesintopiecesbutputthemaside.

NextIbroketheeggsintoabowlandbeatthemquicklywithchopstick.

AfterthatIpouredoilintoapanandturnedoffthestove.Iwaited

patientlyunlesstheoilwashot.ThenIputthetomatoesandthebeaten

eggsintopantogether.z,Notthatway,"mymomtriedtostopusbutfailed.

Shewasright.Itdidn'tturnoutasIhadwished.

【文章大意】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了我第一次做西红柿炒鸡蛋的

经历。

答案：

TodayItriedcookingasimplydishmyself.Ilikeeating

simple

fryingtomatoeswitheggs,andIthoughtitmustbe

fried

easytocook.Mymomtoldmehowtopreparingit.FirstI

prepare

cutthetomatoesintopiecesbulputthemaside.NextI

and

broketheeggsintoabowlandbeatthemquicklywith

chops!ick.AfterthatIpouredoilintoapanandturnccloff

chopstickson

thestove.Iwaitedpatientlyunlesstheoilwashot.Then

until/till

IputthetomatoesandthebeateneggsintoApan

the

together.uNotthatway,“mymomtriedtostopusbut

me

failed.Shewasright.Itdidn'tturnoutasIhadwished.

1.第一句:simplyfsimple。修饰名词要用形容词。

第二句：玲与存在逻辑上的动宾

2.fryingfriedotomatoeswitheggsfry

关系，故用过去分词作定语。

3.第二句：去掉must后的to。must是情态动词，后须跟动词原形。

4.第三句：preparing玲prepare。howtodosth.出口何估攵某事。

5.第四句：but玲and。句意：首先我把西红柿切成片并把它们放在一

边。cut与put是并列关系。

6.第五句：chopstickfchopsticks。根据常识，中国人用筷子时，一般

用一双，故chopstick要改成复数。

7.第六句：offfon。turnon打开。turnoff关闭。把油倒进锅里后，应

该是打开炉子。

8.第七句:unless->until/tillounless意为"除非〃;until或till意为"直

到……为止〃。句意：我耐心地等到油热为止。

9.第八句：pan前加the。此处指把打好的鸡蛋倒进锅里面。因上文提

到了pan,所以此处为特指，指代上文提到的pan。

10.第九句：us玲me。根据上文可知，作者在尝试做西红柿炒鸡蛋，所

以说妈妈想阻止〃我〃，而不是〃我们〃。

-----------Step4直击高考•培弟思碓国质曲一

核心素养培养学生的科技素养、科学思想，培养学生客观、求真、合

作、竞争等科学精神及创新能力

高考链接2020•全国I卷阅读理解D;2020•全国I卷语法填空;

2019•全国卷I阅读理解C;2019•全国卷II阅读理解D;2019•全国卷HI阅

读理解D;2019•全国卷HI完形填空

I.话题与阅读理解

（2020•全国I卷阅读理解D）

Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubject

ofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.Astudy

conductedinYoungstown,Ohio,forexample,discoveredthatgreener

areasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother,employeeswere

showntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecorated

withhouseplants.

TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)have

takenitastepfurther—changingtheactualcompositionofplantsinorder

togetthemtoperformdiverse,evenunusualfunctions.Theseinclude

plantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey're

shortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsin

groundwater."We'rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantsto

replacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,“explainedMichael

Strano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.

Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsglow(发光)in

experimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Strano'steamfoundthat

theycouldcreateafaintlightforthree-and-a-halfhours.Thelight,about

one-thousandthoftheamountneededtoreadby,isjustastart.The

technology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsor

eventoturntreesintoself-poweredstreetlamps.

Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthe

technologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatment

thatwouldlasttheplant;slifetime.Theengineersarealsotryingto

developanonandoff〃switch〃wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposed

todaylight.

Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedin

theUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource（电

源）一suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremote

highway—alotofenergyislostduringtransmission（传输）.Glowing

plantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.

【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了科学家运用高科技改

造绿色植物从而达到节能减排的科学探索。

1.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.

B.Abigfallincrimerates.

C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.

D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.

选Do段落大意题。根据第一段最后两句〃例如，在俄亥俄州扬斯敦进

行的一项研究发现，城市绿化较好的地区犯罪率较低，在另一项研究中

发现，员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰后，他们的工作效率会提高

15%。〃可知，本段主要介绍绿色植物的益处。故选D。

2.WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplantleavesbyMIT

engineers?

A.Todetectplants'lackofwater.

B.Tochangecompositionsofplants.

C.Tomakethelifeofplantslonger.

D.Totestchemicalsinplants.

选A。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句〃其中包括在叶子上印上传感器

以显示植物的缺水情况，还可以检测地下水中的有害化学物质。〃可知

选A。

3.Whatcanweexpectoftheglowingplantsinthefuture?

A.Theywillspeedupenergyproduction.

B.Theymaytransmitelectricitytothehome.

C.Theymighthelpreduceenergyconsumption.

D.Theycouldtaketheplaceofpowerplants.

选Co推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句〃发光的植物可以缩短这个

距离，从而帮助节约能源。〃可知这种发光的植物在将来可能会有助于

节约能源。

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Canwegrowmoreglowingplants?

B.Howdowelivewithglowingplants?

C.Couldglowingplantsreplacelamps?

D.Howareglowingplantsmadepollution-free?

选C。标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了麻省理工学院的科研团队的一项研

究：利用特殊的装置让植物发光来照亮房间或把树变成会发光的路灯,

以此来节约和利用能源。故''发光的植物能代替灯吗？〃为最佳标题。

【难句剖析】

Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnology

thatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwould

lasttheplant'slifetime.

分析：本句主干为theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnology,

其中第一个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词technology,在从句中作主

语；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词treatmento

翻译：未来，该团队希望能开发出一种可以一次性喷洒到植物叶子上

就能延长植物寿命的技术。

【微技能点拨】归纳整合全解主旨大意题

主题句定位法：

1.主题句在篇头：依据第一段或第一句确定主旨。

2.主题句在篇中：文章往往先列举次要甚至错误观点，然后点明自己

的观点并展开论述。

3.主题句在篇尾：整篇文章大部分在叙述或列举，最后归纳总结，概

括主旨。

本文中第1题为归纳段落大意题，根