2022版高中北师大版英语一轮课时提升作业必修4Unit12Culture Shock

十二必修4Unit12CultureShock

巩固题组—■（限时35分仲）

I.阅读理解

A

（2021・荆门模拟）

ABritishfriendtoldmehecouldn'tunderstandwhyChinesepeople

loveeatingsunflowerseeds（嗑瓜子）asasnacksomuch,"vemetalotof

olderChineseandmanyhaveacrackintheirfrontteeth;Ibelievethat's

fromcrackingtheseeds,"hesaid.

Ihadnevernoticedthehabit,butoncehementionedit,Isuddenly

becamemoreaware.IrealizedthatwheneverKmwatchingTVortypinga

report,Ialwaysstartmindlesslycrackingsunflowerseeds.Myfriend

doesn'tlikesunflowerseeds,and,tohim,itseemsunnecessarytoworkso

muchjusttogetonesmallseed.

Whenwewereyoung,thewholefamilywouldusuallygettogether

forChineseNewYear.Then,wealllivedclosetooneanother;usuallyina

smallcity,andsometimesevenneighborswouldgodoor-to-dooron

ChineseNewYear'sEvetocheckoutwhateveryhouseholdwasmaking.

Iremembermyparentswouldbeinthekitchencooking.Outinthe

livingroom,alargetablewouldalreadybelaidout,completewithfancy

tablecloth,ready-madedumplingfillings,anddishesfullofcandy,fruits

andsunflowerseeds.Someofthedishesweretobeofferedtoour

ancestorslater,whileotherswereforneighborsandchildrentoeatbefore

theeveningfeast.Imusthavelearnedhowtocracksunflowerseedsback

then.

Idon/tthinkit'srighttocriticizeone'schoiceinfoodoreatinghabits,

nomatterhowstrangetheymayseem.

It'snotonlyinChina.WhenIwentabroad,Ifoundpeoplehadall

sortsofstrangehabitswhenitcametofood.InDenmark,theyputsalted

redfishonbreadandeatitfordinner;nomatterhowmuchitruinsyour

breath.Theythinkit'sadelicacy（美味佳肴），andit'sconnectedtotheir

certainculture.Ithinkit'sawonderfultradition.

【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。用中国人喜欢嗑瓜子和丹麦人

喜欢吃面包配咸红鱼来证明饮食习惯来自特定的文化。

1.Whatdidthewriterbecomeawareof?

A.Shehadevertypedareportaboutseeds.

B.ShehadvarioussnackswhilewatchingTV.

C.Shedamagedherteethbyeatingsunflowerseeds.

D.Shehadahabitofcrackingsunflowerseeds.

选D。推理判断题。根据第二段中的"Ihadnevernoticedthehabit,but

oncehementionedit,Isuddenlybecamemoreaware.Irealizedthat

wheneverI'mwatchingTVortypingareport,Ialwaysstartmindlessly

crackingsunflowerseeds.”可知，作者意识到自己有嗑瓜子的习惯，故D

项正确。

2.WhatdoesthewriterprovebymentioningChineseNewYear?

A.Thetraditionsofcelebratingitdisappear.

B.Eatingsunflowerseedsisrelatedtoit.

C.Thefamiliesgettogetherforit.

D.Childrencaneatdeliciousfoodonthatday.

<Bo推理判断题。根据第四段可知，春节的时候桌子上会摆放很多美

食，其中就有瓜子，小孩可以在年夜饭前吃，作者就是在那时学会了嗑

瓜子。由此可知，作者提到春节是为了证明嗑瓜子和春节有关，故B项

正确。

3.Thewriter/sattitudetoDenmark/swayofeatingbreadis.

A.neutral（中立的）B.critical（批评的）

C.acceptableD.doubtful

选C。推理判断题。根据文章最后一句话可知，作者认为丹麦人吃面包

配咸红鱼是一个很好的传统。由此可知，作者接受这种吃法，故C项正

确。

4.Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthestory?

A.Onekindoffooddoesn'tnecessarilysuiteveryone.

B.Itisgoodtoformhealthyeatinghabits.

C.Eatinghabitscomefromacertainculture.

D.Changingyoureatinghabitswillchangeyourlife.

选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Theythinkit'sadelicacy,andit's

connectedtotheircertainculture.〃可知，丹麦人认为这样吃面包是美味

的，这和他们的特定的文化有关，正如作者喜欢嗑瓜子和春节文化有

关。由此可知，饮食习惯来自特定的文化，故C项正确。

【知识拓展】难句解读

IrealizedthatwheneverKmwatchingTVortypingareport,Ialwaysstart

mindlesslycrackingsunflowerseeds.

分析：本句中that引导宾语从句，其中含有whenever引导的让步状语

从句。

翻译：我意识到，每当我在看电视或打报告的时候，我总是开始无意识

地嗑葵花籽。

B

Joiningashort-termresearchprograminChinahasnotonlyallowed

PakistaniagriculturalscientistSayyarKhantopushforwardwithhis

academicstudies,butalsogivenhimachancetoseeacountryhehad

heardsomuchabout.

Khan,41,isanassistantprofessorattheInstituteofBiotechnology

andGeneticsattheUniversityofAgriculturelocatedinthecityof

PeshawarinPakistan.Heisnowdoingaone-yearpost-doctoralfellowship

attheBeijingAcademyofAgricultureandForestrySciences.Theprogram

issponsoredbytheChineseMinistryofScienceandTechnology,andmany

youngtalentedscientistswhocomefromcooperatingcountries,suchas

Pakistan,areofferedopportunitiestoworkinChina.

Khan,whoarrivedinBeijinginNovemberlastyear,mainlystudiesthe

bulb（鳞茎）ofthelilyplant,whichisusedforbothtraditionalChinese

medicinesanddecorations.Hisjobistocheckthemicrobes（微生物）inthe

soilaroundtheroots,andtrytoseparatethemicrobesthatarebeneficial

totheplant.

AlthoughthisishisfirstvisittoChina,Khansaysheiswell-informed

ofthelongfriendshipbetweenChinaandPakistan.Heisimpressedbythe

cooperationineducationbetweenChinaandPakistan,especiallysincethe

beginningoftheBeltandRoadInitiativein2013.KhansaystheBeltand

RoadInitiativewillhaveaverypositiveimpactontheworld,andexpects

theChina-PakistanEconomicCorridortobringgreatbenefitstoPakistan.

Sofar;hisresearchprogramisgoingwell,and40percentofthework

hasbeencompleted.Thecurrentprojecthasactuallypaved（铺设）theway

forfurthercooperationbetweenhisuniversityandtheacademy,andthe

twoorganizationshavealreadysignedamemorandumofunderstanding.

Also,visitswerepaidtobothinstitutionsoverthepastfewmonthsto

discussfuturecooperation.z/lhopethatIcancontinuevisitingChinato

participateinsuchcooperationprojects,whesays.

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要记叙了一位巴基斯坦科学家在中

国高校学习，从事科研的经历。

5.WhydoesSayyarKhancometoChina?

A.TovisitChina.

B.ToteachinChina.

C.Tocontinuehisstudy.

D.Tomakebusiness.

选C。细节理解题。从第一段可知他想继续他的学术研究。故选C。

6.WhatisSayyarKhan'sstudyofthebulboflilyplantfor?

A.Checkingthemicrobesinthesoilaroundlily.

B.TraditionalChinesemedicinesanddecorations.

C.Isolatingthemicrobesinthesoilaroundlily.

D.ProducingmoreChinesemedicinesonly.

选C。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句Hisjobistocheckthemicrobes

inthesoilaroundtheroots,andtrytoseparatethemicrobes...可知他

研究的最终目的是分离鳞茎周围土壤中的微生物。故选C。

7.WhatdoesKhanthinkoftherelationshipbetweenChinaandPakistan?

A.Hopeful.B.Critical.

C.Worried.D.Pessimistic.

选Ao推理判断题。根据第四段中的词语"impressed;haveaverypositive

impacton;bringgreatbenefitsto”可知他对中巴关系充满希望。故选A。

8.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlined

word〃memorandum"inParagraph5?

A.Name.B.Cheque.

C.Document.D.Letter.

选Co词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的第二句"Thecurrentprojecthas

actuallypavedthewayforfurthercooperationbetweenhisuniversityand

theacademy〃可知该词与C选项"document〃文件意思相近。故选C。

【知识拓展】词汇积累

currentadj.现在的；流通的，通用的“•（水，气，电）流；趋势；涌流

actuallyadv.实际上；事实上traditionalM/.传统的；惯例的

II.阅读填句

（2021•郑州模拟）

Once,IhadanAmericanfriend.Aftershewentbackhome,Inever

heardfromheragain.Ican'thelpbutwonderiftherecaneverbereal

friendshipbetweenWesternersandusChinese.

Whatisfriendship?TheOxfordEnglishDictionarysays,“The

emotionsorconductoffriends."InbothWesternandChineseculture,we

havesimilarproverbswhenitcomestofriendship,suchas“afriendin

needisafriendindeed.〃1

Chinesepeoplevaluefriendshiphighly.Asyouknow,Chinesepeople

areknowntobeextremelyhospitableandopen-hearted.2However,

therearedifferenttypesoffriendshipandtheytreatthemdifferently.

OnetypeoffriendinChinaisa“doseacquaintance"whoonly

occasionallyeatsanddrinksandhangsoutwithyou.IntheWest,theyare

called"3fair-weather（不可共患难的）friend."Nikkiwasthatkindoffriend.

Despiteourlanguagebarrier,wehadalotoffuntogether.3Only

realfriendscanenteryourinnercircle,whereassistanceandspecialcare

arealwaysprovided.

4Theytendtomakefriendswiththosewhosharethesame

valuesorinterests.Whenaforeignfriendofmineasksforfavorsonbehalf

ofhisorherfriend,Ioftenhavetoclarifywhetherthatpersonisa“close

friend"orjustafriend,andthenIwilldecidehowmuchIwillhelp.

5Butthedepthofthatfriendshipisdifferent.Sohowwillyou

knowhowIfeelaboutyou?Well,themomentIstopbeingpolitearound

you,youaremyrealfriend.

A.Theyrefertoanyonetheyknowasa“friend”.

B.FriendshipintheWestismostlypursuedforfun.

C.However,thereisaculturalgapbetweenthetwosides.

D.Ofcourse,WesternersandChinesepeoplecanbegoodfriends.

E.Realfriendscansharealloursorrowsanddoubleallourjoys.

F.ThesecondtypeoffriendinChinaisa“realfriend"whoispractically

yourfamily.

G.They'lltaketurnswithyouinpickingupthebill,becausethat'swhat

goodfriendsdo.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中西方在友谊文化

上的差距。

1.选Co根据前一句"InbothWesternandChineseculture,wehave

similarproverbswhenitcomestofriendship,suchas'afriendinneedisa

friendindeed.可知，在中西方文化中，我们在友谊方面有类似的谚语,

比如〃患难见真情”。C项〃然而，双方在文化上存在差距〃承上启下,C项

中的〃thetwosides〃恭口上文〃lnbothWesternandChineseculture"相呼应,

符合语境。故选C项。

2.选Ao才艮据前一句'Asyouknow,Chinesepeopleareknowntobe

extremelyhospitableandopen-hearted."可知，众所周知,中国人非常

好客，心胸开阔。A项〃他们把认识的人称为‘朋友〃'承上启下，符合语

境。故选A项。

3.选Fo根据上文的“OnetypeoffriendinChinaisa"closeacquaintance'

whoonlyoccasionallyeatsanddrinksandhangsoutwithyou.〃可知,在

中国，有一种类型的朋友是〃亲密的熟人〃，只会偶尔和你一起吃吃喝喝

和闲逛。F项〃在中国，第二类朋友是'真正的朋友'，实际上就是你的家

人”承上启下，F项中的"ThesecondtypeoffriendinChina〃和上文的“One

typeoffriendinChina”相呼应，符合语境。故选F项。

4.选B。根据后一句"Theytendtomakefriendswiththosewhosharethe

samevaluesorinterests."可知,他们倾向于与那些价值观或兴趣相同

的人交朋友。B项”西方的友谊主要是为了乐趣〃与下文紧密衔接,B项

中的“forfun”和下文的"sharethesamevaluesorinterests”相呼应，符合

语境。故选B项。

5.选D。才艮据后一句"Butthedepthofthatfriendshipisdifferent.“可知,

但那种友谊的深度是不同的。D项〃当然，西方人和中国人可以成为好

朋友”与下文紧密衔接,D项中的“canbegoodfriends〃和下文的〃that

friendship"相呼应，符合语境。故选D项。

【知识拓展】词汇积累

similaradj,相似的n.类似物depthn.深度occasionally偶尔；间

或hangout闲逛

III.语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正

确形式。

(2021・大庆模拟)

Cultureconflictscanoccuranytimeyoutravel,buteveryonceina

whiletheyhappeninsome1.(true)unexpectedways.From

shoppingwithmanycoinsto2.(light)upacigaretteoutdoors,

thesearestrangeandembarrassingtravelmistakes3.(travel)

woulddotheirbesttoavoid.Forexample,4.isillegalto

feedpigeonsonthestreetsofSanFrancisco.Thecity5.

(know)fortheGoldenGateBridgeblamesthecommonbirdsforspreading

diseaseanddamagingproperty.Anyone6.iscaught

providingfoodforSanFrancisco'spigeonscouldfaceaheavyfine.

Moreover,citizens7.(encourage)toreportpigeonfeedersto

thecity'spolicedepartment.Foranotherexample,you'dbetterthink

twicebeforeyousmokeinSingapore.Singaporehas8.

(serious)smokingpenalty(处罚)intheworld.Smokinginpublicwillearna

toughfine.Moresurprisingly,ifyou/reshoppinginCanada,don'texpect

cashiers9.(accept)manycoinsasyoursolemethodof

payment.AccordingtoCanada'sCurrencyAct,storescanlegallyrefuse

excessiveamounts10.coins.Withpennies,forexample,

customers'paymentsmayberejectediftheytrytousemorethan25

one-centcoinsatatime.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在旅行过程中要注意的

一些文化差异。

1.trulyo考查副词。句意：在你旅行中，文化冲突随时都可能发生，但

偶尔也会以意想不到的方式发生。空格所在的句子是一个主干成分完

整的句子，根据空格后的形容词unexpected可知此处要用一个副词来

修饰形容词，故答案为truly。

2.lightingo考查动名词。句意：从用许多硬币购物到在户外点烟，这些

都是旅行者应该尽量避免的奇怪而尴尬的旅行错误。空格前的to为介

词，故空格处要填一个动名词，故答案为lightingo

3.travelerso考查名词。句意：从用许多硬币购物到在户外点烟，这些

都是旅行者应该尽量避免的奇怪而尴尬的旅行错误。根据空格后

/zwoulddotheirbesttoavoid”可知空格处所填词指人，故答案为

travelerso

4.ito考查代词。句意：例如，在旧金山街头喂鸽子是违法的。分析句

子结构可知"tofeedpigeons”是句子真正的主语，为了避免句子头重脚

轻，一般用it作形式主语，故答案为ito

考查非谓语动词。句意：这座以金门大桥闻名的城市，指责

5.known0

普通鸟类传播疾病，破坏财产。分析句子结构可知blames是句子的谓

语，故空格处要填所给动词的非谓语形式,Thecity与know是逻辑上的

动宾关系，故答案为knowno

6.who/thato考查定语从句引导词。句意：任何为旧金山鸽子提供食物

的人都将面临高额罚款。分析句子结构可知空格所在的句子是一个缺

少主语的定语从句，先行词为不定代词Anyone,故引导词可以用that,

先行词指人，也可以用who引导，故答案为who/thato

考查动词语态。句意：此外，还鼓励市民向市公安局

7.areencouragedo

举报喂鸽子者。分析句子结构可知空格处填谓语，citizens与encourage

之间是被动关系，且前一句为一般现在时，故此处要用一般现在时的

被动语态，根据主谓一致可知答案为

areencouragedo

8.themostserious©考查形容词的最高级。句意：新加坡有世界上最严

重的吸烟处罚。根据空格后的名词短语smokingpenalty可知空格处要

填形容词，根据intheworld可知这是在全世界范围内，结合语境，此

处要填形容词最高级，故答案为themostseriouso

9.toaccepto考查固定搭配。句意：如果你在加拿大购物，不要期望收

银员会接受很多硬币作为你唯一的付款方式。“expectsb.todosth."

固定搭配，意为“期望某人做某事故答案为toaccept。

10.ofo考查固定短语。句意：商店可以合法地拒绝过多大量的硬币。

“amountsof〃固定搭配，意为〃大量的、相当数量的“，故答案为of。

提升题组---■（限时35分仲）

I.阅读理解

（2021・湖南模拟）

Theword'sorry*isprobablythemostoverusedv/ordintheUnited

Kingdom:whetherpeoplearesorryabouttheweatherorsorrybecause

someoneelsehasbumpedinto（撞上）them,chancesareanaverage

personhasmadeatleastoneapologyinthepasthourortwo.

TheBritishapologisemorefrequentlythanmembersofother

cultures.Butwhy?

ThereadinessoftheBritishtoapologiseforsomethingtheyhaven't

doneisimpressive.InherbookWatchingtheEnglish,socialanthropologist

KateFoxdescribesexperimentsinwhichshedeliberatelybumpedinto

hundredsofpeopleintownsandcitiesacrossEngland.Shealso

encouragedcolleaguestodothesameabroad,forcomparison.

Foxfoundthataround80%ofEnglishvictimssaid'sorry'-even

thoughthecollisionswereclearlyFox'sfault."Possiblypeoplesaidit

withoutevenrealisingit,butcomparedtowhentouristsfromother

countrieswerebumpedinto,thedifferencewasmarked/'Foxwrites.

Britishsocietyvaluesthatitsmembersshowrespectwithout

imposing（强力n）onsomeoneelse'spersonalspace,andwithoutdrawing

attentiontooneself.Asaconsequence,Britishpeoplemaysometimesuse

'sorry'inawaythatcanseeminappropriatetooutsiders,including

Americans.

Theremaybesomebenefitstosay'sorry。too—suchasfostering

trust.Interestingly,thatistrueevenwhenpeopleareapologisingnotfor

mistakesthey'vemade,butratherforcircumstancesbeyondtheircontrol.

Inonestudy,psychologistWoodBrooksarrangedforanactorto

approach65strangersatatrainstationonarainydayandasktoborrow

theirmobilephones.Inhalfthecases,theactorbeganbysaying:/zSorry

abouttherain”.Whenhedidthis,47%ofstrangersgavehimtheirmobiles,

comparedtoonly9%whenhesimplyaskedtoborrowtheirphones.

Furtherexperimentsconfirmeditwastheapologyabouttheweatherthat

mattered,notthepolitenessoftheopeningsentence.

〃BysayingTmsorryabouttherain',theapologizeracknowledgesan

unfortunatecircumstance,takesthevictim'sattitudeandexpresses

empathyforthenegativecircumstance—eventhoughitisoutsideofhisor

hercontrol,saysWoodBrooks.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍相较其他文化，英国人

表示"sorry〃（对不起）时所具有的不同的文化内涵。

1.WhydidFoxdeliberatelybumpintopeople?

A.Toprovewhatwaswritteninherbook.

B.Tocomparetheresultsofherexperiments.

C.Toseehowmanypeoplewouldmakeanapology.

D.Toseehowmanypeoplewoulddemandanapology.

选C。细节理解题。根据第四段Foxfoundthataround80%ofEnglish

victimssaid'sorry'-eventhoughthecollisionswereclearlyFox'sfault.可

知，Fox发现大约80%的英国受害者说〃对不起〃，尽管这些碰撞显然是

Fox的错。由此可知,Fox故意撞人，目的是想了解有多少人会道歉。故

选C。

2.Whatistheeffectofsayingsorrytopeopleabouttherain?

A.Itmakesthembelieveinyou.

B.Itmakesthemfeelconfident.

C.Ithelpsthemdealwithadifficultsituation.

D.Itmakesthemlessworriedabouttheweather.

选Ao推理判断题。根据第六段Theremaybesomebenefitstosay'sorry',

too—suchasfosteringtrust.（说"对不起”也可能有一些好处，例如促进

信任。）和第七段Inhalfthecases,theactorbeganbysaying:"Sorryabout

therain”.Whenhedidthis,47%ofstrangersgavehimtheirmobiles,

comparedtoonly9%whenhesimplyaskedtoborrowtheirphones.（在一

半的情况下，演员一开始就说：〃下雨了，很抱歉。〃当他这么做时，47%

的陌生人把他们的手机绐了他，而当他只是简单地向他们借手机时,

只有9%的人会这么做。）可知，为下雨的事向人们道歉的效果是会赢得

人们的信任。故选A。

3.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedpartinthelast

paragraph?

A.showsinterestin

B.expressesdoubtsabout

C.giveshisorheropinionabout

D.sharesthevictim'sfeelingsabout

选D。词义猜测题。根据曲线部分前"BysayingI'msorryabouttherain',

theapologizeracknowledgesanunfortunatecircumstance,takesthe

victim'sattitude可知，通过说'下雨了，很抱歉道歉者承认了一个不幸

的情况，接受了受害者的态度；由此可知，接下来是要表示对受害者的

同情；结合选项可知，选项D符合题意。故选D。

4.Whatdoesthetextfocuson?

A.Socialskills.

B.Changesinlanguages.

C.Traditionalcustoms.

D.Culturaldifferencesinlanguages.

选D。推理判断题。阅读文章并结合第一段Theword'sorry'isprobably

themostoverusedwordintheUnitedKingdom:whetherpeoplearesorry

abouttheweatherorsorry...可知，本文主要介绍相较其他文化，英国

人表示“sorry〃（对不起）时所具有的不同的文化内涵。由此可知，本文主

要关注了语言的文化差异。故选D。

【知识拓展】难句解读

Whenhedidthis,47%ofstrangersgavehimtheirmobiles,comparedto

only9%whenhesimplyaskedtoborrowtheirphones.

分析：本句为主从复合句。其中when引导时间状语从句，意为"当……

的时候”;comparedtoonly9%...为过去分词短语作状语。

翻译：当他这么做时，47%的陌生人把他们的手机给了他，而当他只是

简单地向他们借手机时，只有9%的人会这么做。

II.完形填空

（2021・合肥模拟）

Americansprefertotryeverywaytohavefun.Forexample,they

drivetheirowncars,someeventowasmallboataftervehicle.Theystart

fromLosAngeles,Californiaundersun,1throughfourorfive

hundredmilestogotoLaFulin,Coloradotospendweekendswhile

Chinesepeoplearestill2withwork,andhavedinnerathome

togetherwithfamiliesatweekendsor3timewatchingTV.

Thedifferenceismainlyduetoculturalcustomsandtraditions4

thetwocountries.ItissaidthatChinesepeoplearelivingforothers,while

Americansarefor5.WhenChinesepeoplecometotheUnitedStates,

theyfightfor6first,andthendesperatelymakemoneyafterthey

arerecognizedbyothers.Itseemsthat,thepurposetoearnmoneyisnot

toenjoylife,7fortheirfollowinggenerationssonsanddaughters

andevengrandchildren.Chinesepeopleprefertosavemoney8

emergency,suchasillness.AlthoughChinesepeoplewith9inthe

UnitedStatesdon'tneedtoworryabouttheirownsocialwelfareand

healthinsurance,theyworkstillveryhard,astheyhopethattheycan

10_moremoney.

Chinesepeople'sinterestisintheamountonthepassbook（存折），so

theyspend11moneyusually.

MostofChineseareverythrifty（节约的），andtheyare12to

spendmoney,butthereareexceptions.Theyarewillingtospendmoney

ontheir13.ManyChinesepeoplethinkthat,theyendure（容忍）

many14,sotheywishthattheirchildrencouldlivemuchbetter.

Therefore,intheUnitedStateselementaryschools,youcanseethatthose

who15thebestclothes,withmorepocketmoneyareChinese

students.Incontrast,Americanchildrendressverysimply,withjustalittle

pocketmoney.

16Chinese,Americansbelieveinlivingforthemselves.Theydo

everythingfortheirown.17,theyearnmoneytoenjoya18

life,andpursueahigherqualityoflife.Asfortheirownparentsorchildren,

theythinkthatparentshavetheirownpensionandsocialwelfare,and

childrenshouldlivea（n）19lifewhentheyare18yearsold.Sothey

couldboldlyspendmoneyonthemselves.20,Americanssavelittle

money.Inthestreet,itiseasyforChinesetotakeout300-400dollars,but

itishardtosayforAmericans.

【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。由于中美两国文化和传统差异，两国

人民对待钱的态度也非常不同。中国人努力挣钱、存钱，把钱留给自己

的下一辈；而美国人挣钱是为了享受更好的生活。

1.A.runningB.drivingC.goingD.walking

选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们从洛杉矶开始，在加利福尼亚的

骄阳下，开车穿越了四五百英里去科罗拉多州过周末，而中国人仍然

在忙着工作，周末和家人一起吃饭或者花时间看电视。running跑;

driving开车；going去；walking走。根据上文的Forexample,theydrive

theirowncars可知此处用“开车〃符合语境，drive是原词复现，故选B

项。

2.A.boringB.pleasantC.busyD.angry

选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。boring无聊的；pleasant愉快

的；busy繁忙的；angry生气的。根据句意可知，此处考查短语bebusy

withsth."忙于某事"，故选C项。

3.A.spendB.takeC.costD.pay

选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。spend花费；take花费；cost花

费；pay支付。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语spendtime（in）doing

sth.“花时间做某事”,故选A项。

4.A.throughB.for

C.amongD.between

选D。考查介词词义辨析。句意：此不同之处主要是由于两国之间的文

化习俗和传统。through穿过；for为了；among在（三者或以上）之间;

between在（两者）之间。根据上下文可知，此处是指中国和美国两个国

家之间的文化习俗和传统，故选D项。

5.A.themselvesB.theirs

C.themD.others

选Ao考查代词词义辨析。句意：据说，中国人是为他人而活，而美国

人是为他们自己而活。themselves他们自己；theirs他们的；them他们;

others其他人。根据句意可知，此处用〃他们自己〃符合语境，故选A项。

6.A.survivalB.remainder

C.existenceD.material

选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：当中国人到美国时，他们一开始是努

力活下来，然后在被他人认可后开始拼命挣钱。survival幸存，活下来;

remainder通知单，提示物;existence存在；material物质，材料。根据下

文的andthendesperatelymakemoney可知此处用"活下来”符合语境,

故选A项。

7.A.orB.norC.butD.and

选C。考查并列连词辨析。句意：似乎挣钱不是为了享受生活，而是为

了他们的子女后代甚至是孙子/女。or或者；nor也不；but但是；and和,

并且。根据句意可知，此处考查固定表达not...but.不是……而

是……”,故选C项。

8.A.inpossessionofB.onaccountof

C.inspiteofD.incaseof

选Do考查介词短语辨析，句意：中国人偏向于存钱以防突发情况，例

如疾病°inpossessionof拥有；onaccountof由于；inspiteof尽管；incase

of以防。根据句意可知，此处用〃以防〃符合语境，故选D项。

9.A.identityB.forceC.fameD.power

选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管在美国有身份的中国人不用担心

他们自己的社会福利和医保，但是他们仍然很努力地工作，因为他们

希望他们可以存更多钱。identity身份;force武力；fame名声；power力

量。结合上下文可知，此处是指得到美国国籍的中国人，故选A项。

10.A.borrowB.giveC.useD.save

选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上0bolrow借;give给；use使用；save

存。才艮据上文的Chinesepeopleprefertosavemoneyemergency

可知此处用"存"符合语境,save是原词复现，故选D项。

11.A.largeB.few

C.muchD.little

选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中国人的兴趣在存折上钱的数量，因

此他们平时几乎不花钱。large大的；few几乎没有；much很多；little几

乎没有。根据句意可知，此处用〃几乎没有〃符合语境,few修饰可数名词,

故选D项。

12.A.easyB.reluctant

C.willingD.happy

选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数中国人都很节约，他们不愿

意花钱，但也有例外。easy容易的；reluctant不情愿的；willing乐意的；

happy高兴的。根据上文的MostofChineseareverythrifty可知很多中

国人不愿意花钱，故选B项。

13.A.childrenB.relatives

C.parentsD.friends

选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们乐意把钱花在孩子身上。children

孩子；relatives亲人;parents父母;friends朋友。根据上文的Itseemsthat,

thepurposetoearnmoneyisnottoenjoylife,fortheirfollowing

generationssonsanddaughtersandevengrandchildren可知中国的父母

愿意把钱花在孩子身上，故选A项。

14.A.hardshipsB.problems

C.obsessionD.convenience

选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：很多中国人都认为他们吃了很多苦，所

以他们希望他们的孩子可以生活得更好ohardships困苦；problems问题;

obsession痴迷；convenience便利。根据上下文可知，很多中国人因为自

己吃了苦，所以希望孩子不吃苦，故选A项。

15.A.matchB.decorate

C.dressD.wear

选Do考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在美国的小学，你可以看到那

些穿最好的衣服，有更多零花钱的学生是中国学生。match相配;

decorate装饰；dress给...穿；wear穿着。根据句意可知，此处用“穿着

最好的衣服〃符合语境,dress后面只能接入，故选D项。

16.A.DifferentfromB.Interestedin

C.SimilartoD.Thanksto

选A。考查形容词短语辨析。句意：和中国人不同，美国人是为自己而

活。Differentfrom和不同；Interestedin对感兴趣；Similarto

与...相似;Thanksto多亏。根据上下文可知，此处是把美国人和中国

人作对比，故选A项。

17.A.OtherwiseB.However

C.ThereforeD.Since

选C。考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，他们挣钱是为了享受更好的生

活，追求更高质量的生活。Otherwise否则；However然而；Therefore因

此;Since自从，因为。根据句意可知，上下文是因果关系，故选C项。

18.A.betterB.wellC.goodD.rich

选A。考查形容词比较级。句意：同上。better更好的；well好的；good

好的；rich富裕的。根据下文的andpursueahigherqualityoflife可知此

处应用形容词比较级，故选A项。

19.A.singleB.independent

C.differentD.comfortable

选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于他们自己的父母或孩子，他们

认为父母有自己的养老金和社会福利，孩子在18岁时就应该独立生

活。single单一的；independent独立的；different不同的；comfortable舒

适的。根据文化常识可知，美国人认为孩子在18岁时应该独立生活，故

选B项。

20.A.InthatcaseB.Asawhole

C.InthiswayD.Asaresult

选D。考查副词短语辨析。句意：因此，美国人很少存钱。Inthatcase

那样的话;Asawhole总体上；Inthisway用这种方法;Asaresult因此。

结合上下文可知，此处与上文是因果关系，故选D项。

III.短文改错

Iamveryluckilytohavetheopportunitytoseesomanyplace,but

sometimesIexperiencecultureshockwhenIseeordosomethingnew.

DadandInowaretravelledthroughDenmark,NorwayandSweden.Iused

tothinkingthatthesecountriesarethesame,butnotanymore.Peoplein

Denmarkareabitoffriendlier,whileNorwegiansandSwedesprefernotto

talktostrangers.I'msurprisedtolearnthatmanypeopletherespeak

Englishinadditiontheirnationallanguages.InSweden,itseemsthat

anyonehasgoldenhairandblueeyes.Ifeelalittlestrangewithmyblack

hairanddarkeyes.Iimaginethisisthatforeignersfeelwhentheyvisit

China!

Iamveryluckilytohavetheopportunitytosee

lucky

somanyplace,butsometimesIexperienceculture

places

shockwhenIseeordosomethingnew.DadandI

noware[ravelledthroughDenmark,

traveling/travelling

NorwayandSweden.Iusedtothinkingthatthese

think

countriesarethesame,butnotanymore.Peoplein

were

Denmarkareabitfriendlier9whileNorwegians

andSwedesprefernottotalktostrangers.I'm

surprisedtolearnthatmanypeopletherespeak

here

EnglishinadditionAtheirnationallanguages.In

to

Sweden-itseemsthatanyonehas