高中英语北师大版必修一UNIT 3 Period 2　Lesson 1 Spring Festival-Reading Comprehension

WHYDOWECELEBRATEFESTIVALS?Festivalsarecelebratedallaroundtheworld.Theyhaveawiderangeoforigins❶，suchastheseasonsoftheyear,religions❷，famousfigures,andimportantevents.Everyfestivalhasitsdifferentcustomsanduniquecharms.However,nomatterhowdifferenttheymayseem,allovertheworld,thespiritofsharingjoy,gratitude❸，love,orpeaceiscommoninallfestivals.Ofallthetraditionalfestivals,theharvest❹festivalcanbefoundinalmosteveryculture.Thisimportantagriculturalfestivaltakesplaceafterallthecropshavebeengatheredin.Peoplecelebratetoshowthattheyaregratefulfor❺theyear’ssupplyoffood.InancientEgypt,theharvestfestivalwascelebratedduringthespringtime—theEgyptianharvestseason.Itfeaturedaparade❻andagreatfeastwithmusic,dancing,andsports.Today,insomeEuropeancountries,peopledecorate❼churchesandtownhallswithflowersandfruit,andgettogethertocelebrateoverameal.DuringtheMid-AutumnFestivalinChina,familiesgathertoadmiretheshiningmoonandenjoydeliciousmooncakes.Festivalsareanimportantpartofsociety.Theyreflectpeople’swishes,beliefs,faiths,andattitudestowardslife.Theyareoccasions❽thatallowustorelaxandenjoylife,andforgetaboutourworkforalittlewhile.Theyhelpusunderstandwherewecamefrom,whoweare,andwhattoappreciate❾.Andifyoustudyfestivalscarefully,youmaybesurprisedtofindthatdifferentculturesactuallyhavealotincommonafterall.(节选自人教版新教材必修第三册UNIT1)词汇积累1.origin/'ɒrɪdʒɪn/n．起源；起因；出身2．religion/rɪ'lɪdʒən/n．宗教；宗教信仰3．gratitude/'ɡrætɪtjuːd/n．感激之情；感谢4．harvest/'hɑːvɪst/v．&n．收获；收割5．begratefulfor对……表示感谢6．parade/pə'reɪd/n．游行；阅兵7．decorate/'dekəreɪt/vt.装饰；布置；装潢8．occasion/ə'keɪʒn/n．特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会9．appreciate/ə'priːʃieɪt/vt.感激；重视；欣赏Period2Lesson1SpringFestival—ReadingComprehensionⅠ.匹配单词1．throughout A．ameetingofpeopleforaparticularpurpose2．attach B．theactorprocessofdecoratingsthsuchastheinsideofahouse3．sweep C．awrittenorspokendescriptionofsththathashappened4．custom D．toremovesthfromasurfaceusingabrush，yourhandorsomethingelse5．decoration E．tofastenorjoinonethingtoanother6．gathering F．fromthebeginningtotheendofanactivityoraperiodoftime7．original G．existingatthebeginningofaparticularperiod，processoractivity8．account H．anacceptedwayofbehavingorofdoingthingsinasociety答案1.F2.E3.D4.H5.B6.A7.G8.CⅡ.选词填空eq\x(sweepaway，upsidedown，attach...to...，putup，letoff)1．Asscheduled，theresultsoftheexamwillbeputuponThursdayafternoon.2．You’dbetterattachanotetothebox，sothattheywillbecarefulwhencarryingit.3．Lastnightwasthefinalopportunityforcityresidentstoletofffireworksthisyear.4．Thenaughtyboymadethekitchenupsidedown，whichmadehismotherveryangry.5．Wehaven’tcleanedthehouseforafewdaysbecausewedon’twanttosweepawaygoodluck.Step1速读——整体理解文意Ⅰ.明文章大意Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．HowChinesecelebratetheSpringFestival.B．WhatdoestheSpringFestivalmeantodifferentpeople.C．WhypeoplecelebratetheSpringFestival.D．WhichcountriescelebratetheSpringFestival.答案BⅡ.悉层次结构Matchthemainideawitheachpart.Part1TomJenkins’account A．CominghomeandbeingwithfamilyarethemostimportantpartsoftheSpringFestival.Part2XuGang’saccount B．SpringFestivalisfamilytime.Part3LiYan’saccount C．SpringFestivalmeansexcitementandalotoffun.答案CABStep2细读——逐段获取细节Ⅰ.ReadtheaccountsofTomJenkinscarefullyanddothefollowingexercises.1．HowmanyactivitiesforcelebratingtheSpringFestivalarementioned?A．2B．3C．4D．5答案C2．WhatisTomJenkins’viewsabouttheChineseSpringFestival?答案Hethoughtitwasverycool，exciting，andinteresting.Ⅱ.ReadtheaccountsofXuGangcarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions.1．WhatwillhedobeforegoingbackhomeforSpringFestival?答案Bookingticketsinadvanceandchoosinggiftsforhisfamilies.2．WhatdoesSpringFestivalmeantoXuGang?A．Itmeansfireworks，sweetsanddecorations.B．Itmeanshavingtastyhotpotwithfriends.C．Itmeansbeingsurroundedbyhometownaccents.D．Itmeanscomingbackhomeandhavingafamilyreunion.答案DⅢ.ReadtheaccountsofLiYancarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions.1．Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.·weeksbeforeSpringFestival：Start①gettingreadyforchildren’shomecoming；buyingthingsand②preparingdishes.·wheneveryonecomeshome：Thehome③buzzeswithactivities；grandchildrenrunaround，④shoutingandplaying.Adults⑤gatheraroundthetabletotalkaboutthepastyear.·whenjiaoziarebeingmade：Greatfunisenjoyed⑥inthekitchen.2．WhydoLiYan’sfamilyalwayshavejiaoziduringtheSpringFestival?A．Theyarehergrandchildren’sfavoritefood.B．Theyhavegreatfunmakingdumplings.C．Jiaoziconveysthewishesforhealthandhappinessinthefollowingyear.D．JiaoziisatraditionalfoodduringtheSpringFestival.答案C3．ForLiYan，whatistherealmeaningofSpringFestival?答案Thejoyofafamilygatheringandstayingwithherchildrenandgrandchildren.Ⅳ.Readthewholepassageagainanddothefollowingexercises.1．WhatcanyouinferfromXuGang’sandLiYan’saccounts？WhatdoesitmeaninChineseculture?答案(1)Familyreunionisthecentralthemeofbothaccounts.(2)ThisshowstheimportanceoffamilyinChineseculture.2．Howdoeseachpartofthepassagemainlydevelop?A．Bygivingexamples.B．Byfollowingtheorderoftime.C．Bygivingexplanations.D．Bycomparison.答案BStep3读后——讨论深度理解1．DowecelebrateSpringFestivalinthesamewayasyearsbefore？Whatarethechanges？(Creativethinking)答案No，wedon’t.Differences：ItisafashiontograbredenvelopesonWeChatduringtheSpringFestival.MoreandmorefamilieshaveNewYear’sEveDinnerattherestaurantinsteadofeatingthetraditionalfamilyreuniondinnerathome.DuringtheSpringFestival，manyfamilieschoosetotravel.2．WhatdoesSpringFestivalmeantoyou？(Criticalthinking)答案Forme，SpringFestivalmeansthefamilyreunion.Besidesthat，italsomeansrelaxationandenjoyment.Itisthebesttimetorelievethestressandburdenafterawholeyearofhardworkorstudy.Step4总结——课文语法填空InChina，SpringFestivalis1.highly(high)valued.Peoplebegintoprepareaweekbeforethefestival，cleaningtheirhomesfromtoptobottom,2.whichmeanssweepingawaythedirtofthepastyear.Also，theChinesecharacterFuisoftenputupsidedown，meaning3.happiness(happy)arrives.Forpeoplewhoworkoutside，theystartplanningtheirtripshomeearly,4.booking(book)ticketsaheadoftimeandbuyinggiftsfortheirfamilies.Whentheygethome，itisgreat5.tohear(hear)whateverhappenstothepeopletheyknow.Weeksbeforethefestival，parentsstarttothinkaboutwhattheyneedtobuyandwhatdishesneedto6.beprepared(prepare)．Housesalwaysbuzzwith7.activities(activity)wheneveryonecomeshome.The8.greatest(great)excitementbeginswhenpeoplesittogethertoenjoyabigdinner.Theyalwayshavejiaozi，whichisasignoftheirwishes9.forhealthandhappinessinthecomingyear.However，whatisthemostimportantisnot10.whattheyeatbutwhotheyeatitwith.TomostChinese，SpringFestivalisthejoyofafamilygathering.Step5解读——长句难句分析1．Herearethreereaders’accountstoourmagazine，inwhichthereaderssharedtheirexperiencesandviewsaboutit.[句式分析]此句是主从复合句。主句是Here位于句首引起的完全倒装句，主语是threereaders’accounts；inwhich引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰名词accounts，inwhich在从句中作状语。[自主翻译]这是我们杂志的三位读者的叙述，分享了他们关于春节的经历和看法。2．ItisbelievedthatwhenFuisputupsidedown，happinessarrives.[句式分析]此句是主从复合句。It是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，从句中when引导时间状语从句。[自主翻译]据说“福”字被倒贴时，幸福就会到来。3．Fireworkswerebeingletoffacrossthecity，suddenlylightingupthenightsky.[句式分析]此句是一个简单句。谓语是werebeingletoff，是被动语态的过去进行时，译作“正在被……”；lightingup作结果状语。[自主翻译]烟花在城市上空燃放，瞬间照亮了夜空。4．What’simportantiswhoweeatitwith.[句式分析]此句是一个主从复合句。What’simportant是主语从句，其中What作主语；第二个is是主句的谓语；whoweeatitwith是表语从句，其中who作宾语。[自主翻译]重要的是我们和谁一起吃。5．AsIgetolder，cominghomeandbeingwithmyentirefamilyisthemostimportantpartofit.[句式分析]此句是主从复合句。As引导的是时间状语从句。cominghomeandbeingwithmyentirefamily是主句的主语。[自主翻译]随着年龄的增长，回家和全家人待在一起则成了春节最重要的一部分。6．Wethinkaboutwhatthechildrenwouldliketoeat，whatweneedtobuyandwhatdishesneedtobeprepared.[句式分析]此句是主从复合句。and连接三个what引导的宾语从句，前两个what在从句中作宾语，第三个what在从句中作定语，意思是“什么样的”。[自主翻译]我们琢磨孩子们喜欢吃什么，我们需要买什么，需要准备什么菜。Ⅰ.阅读理解AFourUnusualFestivalsAroundtheWorldWifeCarryingCompetition—Sonkajärvi，FinlandAlthoughtheexactoriginsofthetraditionareunknownbecauseofitslonghistory，buttoday，wifecarryingispracticedaroundtheworld.Participants(参与者)areallowedtocarrytheirwivesinvariousways—includingpiggybackorfireman’scarrying.Theprizeisawardedbasedonthewife’sweightinbeer.MonkeyBuffet(自助餐)Festival—Lopburi，ThailandYoumayconsiderhowamonkeywouldtaste，butthisisabuffetformonkeys.ThelocalmonkeysintheLopburiaregiftedwithafeastoftonsoffruits，vegetables，cakes，andcandieseveryNovember.Afterthemonkeysaregiventheirtreat，youthsdressedupasmonkeysperformdances.Thefestivalfirstoccurredin1989，runbyalocalbusinessmantodriveuptourisminLopburi.Luckilyforhimandthemonkeys，itworked.MudFestival—Boryeong，ROKThefestivalisnothistoricbyanymeans—thefirstonetookplacein1998—anditwasoriginallycreatedasamarketingeventforBoryeongmudcosmetics(化妆品)．ThemudfromtheBoryeongisconsideredrichinnaturalmineralsandisusedtomakebeautyproducts.Popularactivitiesincludeamudpool，mudslidesandmudskiing.TomatoFestival—Bunol，Valencia，SpainThefestivalhasrunannuallyinAugustduringaweeklongcelebrationinBunolsince1945，whenanoisycrowdtookthetomatoesfromavegetablestallandstartedafoodfight.Thehour-longtomatofightusedupabout145,000kgoftomatoesin2015.Since2013ithasbeenaticketedeventtolimitparticipantstojust20,000.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上四个奇特的节日，分别是背老婆比赛节、猴子自助餐节、泥浆节以及番茄节。1．WhatwillyougetifyouwintheWifeCarryingCompetition?A．Awife. B．Lotsofmoney.C．Apig. D．Lotsofbeer.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“Theprizeisawardedbasedonthewife’sweightinbeer.”可知，妻子的体重越重，获得的啤酒就越多，故获奖者将获得很多啤酒。故选D项。2．WhatisthepurposeofcreatingMonkeyBuffetFestival?A．Totastethemonkey.B．Topromotemudmakeups.C．Todeveloptourism.D．Tosellouttomatoes.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thefestivalfirstoccurredin1989，runbyalocalbusinessmantodriveuptourisminLopburi.”可知，创造这个节日的目的是发展旅游业。故选C项。3．Whichfestivalislikelytohavetheshortesthistory?A．WifeCarryingCompetition.B．MudFestival.C．MonkeyBuffetFestival.D．TomatoFestival.答案B解析细节理解题。第一段第一句提到背老婆比赛节历史悠久。第二段倒数第二句提到猴子自助餐节首次出现于1989年。第三段第一句提到泥浆节首次出现在1998年。第四段第一句提到番茄节始于1945年。故泥浆节可能是四个节日中历史最短的。故选B项。B(2023·四川雅安高一期末)OnabrightSundayattheWestmorelandParkpond(池塘)inPortland，Oregon，theUSA，boatsareliningupforsomethingspecial.Aloudvoicecomesoutoftheloudspeaker，welcomingeveryonetotheyearlyMilkCartonBoatRace.TheeventhasbeenpartofthePortlandRoseFestival，apopulareventthatbringsOregonianstogether，since1973.TeamsexcitedlycompeteforthePeople’sChoiceAward.AdamBaker，whoseorganizationsupportstheeventeachyear，saysthatthisisanimportantraceforallofOregon，especiallyPortland.“Thisisacommunityeventwherewecangetpeopletoplanhowtobuildspecialboats—madewithusedmilkcontainers，tothinklong-termonhowtobuildabetterboat，howtocollectmaterials，andgeteverybodyworkingtogether，”saysBaker.“Youcanhavesingleriders，grown-ups，youths，mixedages.There’sengineering.There’steamwork.”ColtonSnookhasbeentakingpartintheMilkCartonBoatRacefor10years.“It’sourfamilytraditioninthesummer，”hesays.Coltonandhisboat，“ChocolateThunder”，endupwinningfirstplaceinthegrown-upraces—andnotforthefirsttime.Whentheyouthteamslineup，thereisaboatthatlooksjustlikeabelovedmoviecharacter—LightningMcQueenfromPixar’sCars.Connor，the8-year-oldcaptain，rowsacrossthepondforthefirsttimeathighspeedandfinishessecond.Connorandhisfamilybuilttheboattogether，makingawoodframe(框架)firstandthenaddingmilkboxestoincreaseitsabilitytofloat.HesaysthatCarsinspiredthebuildinganddesigningofhisboat：“Ireallylikethemovie.”TheeventendswithawarmgoodbyefromAdamBakerandapromisetobebacknextyear.eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一年一度的牛奶盒划船比赛。)4．WhatcanwelearnabouttheMilkCartonBoatRace?A．Itisheldonceayear.B．Ithasbeenheldfor10years.C．ItisopentopeopleacrosstheUS.D．ItisolderthanthePortlandRoseFestival.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Aloudvoicecomesoutoftheloudspeaker，welcomingeveryonetotheyearlyMilkCartonBoatRace.”可知，牛奶盒划船比赛是每年举行一次。故选A。5．Whatisspecialabouttheboatsattherace?A．Theyarespace-saving.B．Theyarecreatedbychildren.C．TheyareofferedbyAdamBakerforfree.D．Theyaremadewithusedmilkcontainers.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thisisacommunityeventwherewecangetpeopletoplanhowtobuildspecialboats—madewithusedmilkcontainers”可知，比赛中的船的特别之处是它们是由用过的牛奶容器制成的。故选D。6．WheredidConnorgettheideaofbuildinghisboat?A．Colton’sboat.B．Apopularmovie.C．Afamilymember.D．Amovieproducer.答案B解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“HesaysthatCarsinspiredthebuildinganddesigningofhisboat”可知，Connor造船的灵感来自一部电影。故选B。7．Whatisthemainpurposeofthistext?A．Toreportaboatcompetition.B．Tointroduceatraditionalfestival.C．Toencouragepeopletolearnboatbuilding.D．Todrawattentiontocommunitydevelopment.答案A解析写作意图题。通读全文尤其是第二段中对划船比赛的介绍可知，这篇文章的主要目的是报道划船比赛。故选A。C(2023·安徽高一期中联考)AmericanscelebrateLaborDaythisyearonSeptember4.Thenationalholidaybeganmorethan100yearsagotohonorlow-paidfactoryworkers.LaborDayalsomarkstheendofsummer.ManystudentsreturntoschoolafterLaborDay.Thehotdaysofsummerturncooler.ManyAmericanscelebratetheholidaywithanoutdoorfamilypicnic.ButLaborDaystartedwithastruggle(奋斗)．OnMay1,1889，workersmarched(游行)onthestreetsofParis，France.InternationalLaborDaywasborn.Mostindustrializedcountriesintheworld—excepttheUnitedStatesandCanada—celebrateLaborDayonthefirstofMay.OnSeptember5,1882，inNewYorkCity，about10,000workerswalkedthroughthestreetstoshowthestrengthoflabororganizations.Formanyyearsafterthat，AmericanworkersusedthefirstMondayinSeptembertoaskforbetterworkingconditionsandpay.Musicwasapartofmanyofthosemarches.Laborsongstraditionallytellstoriesofconflicts(冲突)andhopesforabetterlife.ManytraditionalAmericanlaborsongscamefromworkersinthecoalminesoftheSouth.Mineownerswereagainstworkers’unions.InKentucky，thecompanypolicesearchedforunionleaders.Theywaitedoutsideaworker’shomeforseveraldaystostophimfromorganizingmarches.Thecoalminer’swife，FlorenceReece，stayedinsidewithherchildren.Shewrotethissong，“WhichSideAreYouOn？”AnotherAmericanlaborsongiscalled“BreadandRoses”．BasedonapoembyJamesOppenheim，itwaspublishedinDecemberof1911.Thepoemspeaksaboutthewomen’slabormovement.Atthattime，conditionsinfactories，wheremanywomenworked，weredreadful.AfireataclothingfactoryinNewYorkkilled146people.AmonthafterOppenheim’spoemwaspublished，womenworkersinLawrence，Massachusettswentonwiththeirmarches，whichwonthemhigherpayandbetterworkingconditions.Oppenheim’spoemreceivedmoreattention.eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国的劳动节。)8．WhatdoesLaborDaymeantostudentsintheUnitedStates?A．It’stimetohaveapicnic.B．Theirsummervacationisover.C．Itteachesthemtorespectlabor.D．Theycanlearnabouthistorythroughactivities.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知，劳动节标志着夏季的结束，许多学生在劳动节后返回学校，即对学生而言，劳动节意味着暑假结束。故选B项。9．Whydidthecompanypolicewaitoutsideaworker’shome?A．Toforcehimtostayathome.B．Topreventhiswifewritingthesong.C．Totrytocommunicatewithhim.D．Tostopmarchesfrombeingorganized.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第五段的“Theywaitedoutsideaworker’shomeforseveraldaystostophimfromorganizingmarches.”可知，警察在工人家门外等待的目的是阻止工人组织游行。故选D项。10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dreadful”meaninparagraph6?A．Pleasant. B．Freezing.C．Terrible. D．Controllable.答案C解析词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“AfireataclothingfactoryinNewYorkkilled146people.”以及最后一段中“...whichwonthemhigherpayandbetterworkingconditions.”可知，当时，许多妇女工作的工厂条件很恶劣，故可猜测，dreadful与terrible同义。故选C项。11．WhatdoweknowaboutOppenheim?A．Hecaredforworkingwomen’srights.B．Hecreatedthesong“BreadandRoses”．C．Hereportedthefireataclothingfactory.D．HeledthelabormovementinLawrence.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第六段前三句可知，Oppenheim的诗讲述了妇女的劳动运动，由此可推知，他关心劳动妇女的权利。故选A项。Ⅱ.七选五Forsome，theNewYearisrunninginonwhenthecalendarturnsfromDecember31toJanuary1.1TheLunarNewYearisaninternationalholidaycelebratedinmanyAsiancountries，thedateofwhichchangesdependingontheyear.Butregardlessofthedate，eachculturecelebratingithaslastingcustoms，traditionsandbeliefs.Hereiswhatyouneedtoknowab