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大学英语四六级听力考试说明原四六级听力题型试卷结构测试内容测试题型分值比例考试时间听力理解听力对话短对话选择题(单选题)8%30分钟长对话选择题(单选题)7%听力短文短文理解选择题(单选题)10%短文听写单词及词组听写10%
一、四级听力试题的调整取消短对话取消短文听写新增短篇新闻(3段)其余测试内容不变。2016年6月四级听力题型调整后四级听力部分的试题结构见下表:测试内容测试题型题量分值比例短篇新闻3段选择题(单选)7题7%(每题1分)长对话2篇选择题(单选)8题8%(每题1分)听力篇章3篇选择题(单选)10题20%(每题2分)2016年6月四级听力短篇新闻的考试指令:SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.二、六级听力试题的调整取消短对话取消短文听写听力篇章调整为2篇(原3篇)新增讲座/讲话(3篇)其他测试内容不变。2016年6月四级听力题型调整后六级听力部分的试题结构见下表:测试内容测试题型题量分值比例长对话2篇选择题(单选)8题8%(每题1分)听力篇章2篇选择题(单选)7题7%(每题1分)讲座/讲话3篇选择题(单选)10题20%(每题2分)SectionC
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearrecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbysomequestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.四级听力样题Questions1and2willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.Kenyanpolicesayonepersonwaskilledand26injuredinanexplosionatabusstationincentralNairobi.TheblasthitabusabouttosetofffortheUgandancapitalKampala.LastJuly,theSomaligroupal-ShababsaiditwasbehindtheblastsintheUgandancapitalwhichkilledmorethan70people.WillRossreportsfromtheKenyancapital.
TheexplosionhappenedbesideabuswhichwasabouttosetoffforanovernightjourneyfromNairobitotheUgandancapitalKampala.Someeyewitnessesreportthatabagwasabouttobeloadedonboard,butitexplodedduringasecuritycheck.Windowsoftheredbuswereleftsmashed,andbloodcouldbeseenonthegroundbesidethevehicle.Justhoursearlier,Uganda’spolicechiefhadwarnedofpossibleChristmas-timeattacksbySomalirebels.1.Whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout?
2.WhendidtheincidentoccurQuestions1and2willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.Christmas-timeattacksmadebySomalirebels.
B)AnexplosionatabusstationincentralNairobi.
C)Thekillingofmorethan70UgandansinKampala.
D)BlastssetoffbyaSomaligroupinUganda’scapital.OnChristmasEve.
C)Duringasecuritycheck.
B)Justbeforemidnight.
D)Inthesmallhoursofthemorning.Questions3and4willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.WoolworthsisoneofthebestknownnamesontheBritishHighStreet.It’sbeeninbusinessnearlyacentury.Manyofits800storesarelikelytoclosefollowingthecompany’sdecisiontocallinadministratorsafteranattempttosellthebusinessforatoken£1failed.
Thecompanyhashugedebts.TheimmediatecauseforthecollapsehasbeenBritain’sslidetowardrecession,whichhascutintoconsumerspending.However,thebusinesshadbeenintroubleforyears.
Knownforlow-pricedgeneralgoods,Woolworthshasstruggledinthefaceofcompetitionfromsupermarketsexpandingbeyondgroceriesandanewgenerationofinternetretailers.
Manyofthestoregroup’s25,000employeesarelikelytolosetheirjobs.SomeprofitableareassuchastheDVDpublishingbusinesswillsurvive.3.WhatdowelearnaboutWoolworthsfromthenewsreport?
4.WhatdidWoolworthsattempttodorecentlyQuestions3and4willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.3.
A)Itislikelytoclosemanyofitsstores.
B)Itisknownforthequalityofitsgoods.
C)Itremainscompetitiveintherecession.
D)Itwillexpanditsonlineretailbusiness.4.A)Expanditsbusinessbeyondgroceries.
B)Fire25,000ofitscurrentemployees.
C)CutitsDVDpublishingbusiness.
D)Sellthebusinessforonepound.Questions5to7willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.Cairoisknownforitsovercrowdedroads,irregulardrivingpracticesandshakyoldvehicles,butalsoforitsairpollution.Inrecentmonths,though,environmentalstudiesindicatetherehavebeensignsofimprovement.That’sdueinparttotheremovalofmanyofthecapital’sold-fashionedblackandwhitetaxis.Mostofthesedatedbacktothe1960sand70sandwereinapoorstateofrepair.
Afternewlegislationdemandedtheirremovalfromtheroads,alowinterestloanschemewassetupwiththreeEgyptianbankssodriverscouldbuynewcars.Thegovernmentpaysabout$900foroldonestobediscardedandadvertisingonthenewvehicleshelpscoverrepayments.
Theideahasprovedpopularwithcustomers―theycannowtravelinair-conditionedcomfortandbecausethenewcabsaremetered,theydon’thavetoargueoverfares.Banksandcarmanufacturersaregladfortheextrabusinessintougheconomictimes.Asforthetaxidrivers,mostaredelightedtobebehindthewheelofnewcars,althoughtherehavebeenafewcomplaintsaboutswitchingfromblackandwhitetoaplainwhitecolour.5.WhatchangetookplaceinCairorecently?
6.Whathelpedbringaboutthechange?
7.WhydocustomersnolongerarguewithnewcabdriversQuestions5to7willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.5.A)Alltaxisbegantousemeters.
B)Alltaxisgotairconditioning.
C)Advertisementswereallowedontaxis.
D)Oldtaxiswerereplacedwithnewcabs.6.A)Alowinterestloanscheme.
C)Taxipassengers’complaints.
B)Environmentalists’protests.
D)Permissionforcaradvertising.7.A)Therearenomoreirregularpractices.
B)Allnewcabsprovideair-conditioning.
C)Newcabsareallequippedwithmeters.
D)Newlegislationprotectsconsumerrights.SectionA1.
B
2.
C
3.
A
4.
D
5.
D
6.
A
7.
C六级听力样题Nowlistentothefollowingrecordingandanswerquestions16to19.Moderator(会议主持人):
HelloLadiesandGentleman,itgivesmegreatpleasuretointroduceourkeynotespeakerfortoday’ssession,Dr.HowardMiller.Dr.Miller,ProfessorofSociologyatWashingtonUniversity,haswrittennumerousarticlesandbooksontheissuesfacingolderAmericansinourgrayingsocietyforthepast15years.Dr.Miller:Dr.Miller:
Thankyouforthatintroduction.Today,I’dliketoprefacemyremarkswithastoryfrommyownlifewhichIfeelhighlightsthecommonconcernsthatbringusheretogether.Severalyearsagowhenmygrandparentswerewellintotheireighties,theywerefacedwiththerealityofnolongerbeingabletoadequatelycareforthemselves.Mygrandfatherspokeofhisgreatestfear,thatofleavingtheonlyhometheyhadknownforthepast60years.Fightingbackthetears,hespokeproudlyofthefactthathehadbuilttheirhomefromthegroundup,andthathehadpoundedeverynailandlaideverybrickintheprocess.Theprospectofhavingtoselltheirhomeandgiveuptheirindependence,andmoveintoaretirementhomewasanextremelypainfulexperienceforthem.Itwas,inmygrandfather’sownwords,likehavingalimbcutoff.Heexclaimedinaforcefulmannerthathefelthewasn’timportantanymore.
ForthemandsomeolderAmericans,theirso-called“goldenyears”areattimesnotsopleasant,forthisperiodcanmeanthedeclineofnotonlyone’shealthbutthelossofidentityandself-worth.Inmanysocieties,thisself-identityiscloselyrelatedwithoursocialstatus,occupation,materialpossessions,orindependence.Furthermore,weoftenliveinsocietiesthatvaluewhatis“new”orinfashion,andourownusageofwordsintheEnglishlanguageisoftenasignofbadnewsforolderAmericans.Imeanhowwouldyourfamilyreactifyoucamehometonightexclaiming,“Hey,cometothelivingroomandseetheOLDblackandwhiteTVIbrought!”Unfortunately,theword“old”callstomindimagesoftheneedtoreplaceordiscard.
Now,manyofthelecturesgivenatthisconferencehavefocusedontheissuesofpensionreform,medicalcare,andthedevelopmentofpublicfacilitiesforseniorcitizens.Andwhilethesearevitalissuesthatmustbeaddressed,I’dliketofocusmycommentsonanimportantissuethatwillaffecttheoverallsuccessoftheotherprogramsmentioned.Thishastodowithchangingourperspectivesonwhatitmeanstobeapartofthisgroup,andfindingmeaningfulrolestheelderlycanplayandshouldplayinoursocieties.
Firstofall,I’dliketotalkabout...16.WhatdoestheintroductionsayaboutDr.HowardMiller’sarticlesandbooks?
17.WhatisthegreatestfearofDr.Miller’sgrandfather?
18.WhatdoesDr.Millersaythe“goldenyears”canoftenmean?
19.WhatisthefocusofDr.Miller’sspeechNowlistentothefollowingrecordingandanswerquestions16to19.16.
A)TheyinvestigatetheretirementhomesinAmerica.
B)TheyareonissuesfacingseniorcitizensinAmerica.
C)Theydescribethegreatpleasuresofthegoldenyears.
D)Theyarefilledwithfondmemoriesofhisgrandparents.17.
A)Thelossoftheabilitytotakecareofhimself.
B)Thefeelingofnotbeingimportantanymore.
C)Beingunabletofindagoodretirementhome.
D)Leavingthehomehehadlivedinfor60years.18.
A)Thelossofidentityandself-worth.
B)Fearofbeingreplacedordiscarded.
C)Freedomfrompressureandworldlycares.
D)Thepossessionofwealthandhighrespect.19.
A)Theurgencyofpensionreform.
B)Medicalcareforseniorcitizens.
C)Findingmeaningfulrolesfortheelderlyinsociety.
D)Thedevelopmentofpublicfacilitiesforseniorcitizens.Nowlistentothefollowingrecordingandanswerquestions20to22.20.
A)Itseriouslyimpactstheirphysicalandmentaldevelopment.
B)Ithasbecomeaproblemaffectingglobaleconomicgrowth.
C)Itisacommonproblemfoundinunderdevelopedcountries.
D)Itisanissueoftenoverlookedbyparentsinmanycountries.21.
A)Theywilllivelonger.
C)Theygetalongwellwithpeople.
B)Theygetbetterpay.
D)TheydevelopmuchhigherIQs.22.
A)Appropriatedfundstopromoteresearchofnutrient-richfoods.
B)Encouragedbreastfeedingforthefirstsixmonthsofachild’slife.
C)Recruitedvolunteerstoteachruralpeopleabouthealthandnutrition.
D)Targetedhunger-reliefprogramsatpregnantwomenandyoungchildren.Nowlistentothefollowingrecordingandanswerquestions20to22.The2010GlobalHungerIndexreportwasreleasedtodaybytheInternationalFoodPolicyResearchInstitute(IFPRI).Itnotesthat,inrecentyears,expertshavecometotheconclusionthatundernourishmentbetweenconceptionandachild’ssecondbirthdaycanhaveseriousandlong-lastingimpacts.
Undernourishmentduringthisapproximately1,000-daywindowcanseriouslycheckthegrowthanddevelopmentofchildrenandrenderthemmorelikelytogetsickanddiethanwell-fedchildren.Preventinghungerallowschildrentodevelopbothphysicallyandmentally.
SaysIFPRI’sMarieRuel,“Theywillbemorelikelytoperformwellinschool.Theywillstayinschoollonger.Andthenatadulthood,IFPRIhasactuallydemonstratedthatchildrenwhowerebetternourishedhavehigherwages,byaprettylargemargin,by46percent.”
Ruelsaysthatmeanstheproductivityofanation’sfuturegenerationsdependsinalargepartonthefirst1,000daysoflife.
“Thisiswhywe’reallonboardinfocusingonthosethousanddaystoimprovenutrition.Afterthat,thedamageisdoneandishighlyirreversible.”
Thedataonnutritionandchildhooddevelopmenthasbeenslowlycomingtogetherfordecades.ButRuelsaysscientificconsensusalonewillnotsolvetheproblem.
“It’snotenoughthatnutritionistsknowyouhavetointervenethen,ifwedon’thavethepoliticiansonboard,andalsothe...peoplethatimplement[programs]inthefield.”
Ruelsaysthereareencouragingsignsthatpoliticiansandimplementersarebeginningtogetonboard.ManymajordonorsandtheUnitedNationsaretargetinghunger-reliefprogramsatpregnantwomenandyoungchildren.Theyfocusonimprovingdietsorprovidingmicro-foodsupplements.Theyimproveaccesstopre-birthcareandencourageexclusivebreastfeedingforthefirstsixmonthsofachild’slife.
Ruelsaysinthe1980sThailandwasabletoreducechildundernourishmentbyrecruitingalargenumberofvolunteerstotravelthecountrysideteachingabouthealthandnutrition.
“Theyreallydidveryactivepromotionofdiversityinthedietandgoodeatinghabits.Sotheywereprovidingmorefoodtopeople,butalsoeducatingpeopleonhowtousethem,andalsoeducatingpeopleonhowtofeedtheiryoungchildren.”
Ruelsayscountriesmaytakedifferentapproachestoreducingchildundernutrition.Butshesaysnationswillnotmakeprogressfightinghungerandpovertyuntiltheybegintofocusonthosecriticalfirstthousanddays.20.Whatistheexperts’conclusionregardingchildren’sundernourishmentintheirearliestdaysoflife
21.WhatdoesIFPRI’sMarieRuelsayaboutwell-fedchildrenintheiradultlife?
22.WhatdidThailanddotoreducechildundernourishmentinthe1980sNowlistentothefollowingrecordingandanswerquestions23to25.I’dliketolookatavitalaspectofe-commerce,andthatisthenatureoftheproductorservice.Therearecertainproductsandservicesthatareverysuitableforsellingonline,andothersthatsimplydon’twork.
Suitableproductsgenerallyhaveahighvalue-to-weightratio.ItemssuchasCDsandDVDsareobviousexamples.Books,althoughheavierandsomoreexpensivetopost,stillhaveahighenoughvalue-to-weightratio,asthesuccessofAmazon,whichstartedoffsellingonlybooks,shows.Laptopcomputersareanothergoodproductforsellingonline.
Digitalproducts,suchassoftware,filmsandmusic,canbesoldinapurelyvirtualenvironment.Thegoodsarepaidforbyonlinetransactions,andthendownloadedontothebuyer’scomputer.Therearenopostageordeliverycosts,sopricescanbekeptlow.
Manysuccessfulvirtualcompaniesprovidedigitalservices,suchasfinancialtransactions,inthecaseofPaypal,ormeansofcommunication,asSkypedoes.Thekeytosuccesshereisprovidinganeasy-to-use,reliableservice.Dothisandyoucaneasilybecomethemarketleader,asSkypehasproved.
Productswhicharepotentiallyembarrassingtobuyalsodowellinthevirtualenvironment.Someofthemostprofitablee-commercecompaniesarethosesellingsex-relatedproductsorservices.Forasimilarreason,onlinegamblingishighlypopular.
Productswhichareusuallyconsideredunsuitableforsellingonlineincludethosethathaveatas
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