江苏省启东市汇龙中学高二下学期第一次质量检测英语试卷

启东市汇龙中学20232024学年度第二学期第一次质量检测高二英语试卷注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考位号填写在答题卡上。考试时间120分钟，总分150分。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上相应位置。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交监考老师。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthemandoing?A.Makingaconsultation.B.Rentingaguitar.C.Organizingaparty.2.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Salespersonandcustomer.B.Brotherandsister.C.Classmates.3.Howdoesthemarfeelabouttheconcert?A.Itwasterrible.B.Itwasaverage.C.Itwaspleasant.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aweekendplan.B.Anewpany.C.Ajobopportunity.5.Whydoesthewomanlooktired?A.Shewalkedalongdistance.B.Shedidtoomuchhousework.C.Sheplayedtennisafterschool.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydidn’tthemangettheinjuredwomanoutofthecar?A.Hecouldn’topenthedoor.B.Hewasafraidofacarexplosion.C.Hedidn’twanttoworsenherwounds.7.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Ontheroad.B.Inahospital.C.Overthephone.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthemandislikeaboutthesofaatthebeginning?A.Thesize.B.Thecolor.C.Thestyle.9.Whatdoesthemansayabouttheoldsofa?A.Itisheavy.B.Itissmall.C.Itisfortable.10.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.Lookatothersofas.B.Gotoanotherstore.C.Waitforasale.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdoesthe,manmostprobablydo?A.He’sahotelclerk.B.He’sataxidriver.C.He’satravelagent.12.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Callataxibyherself.B.Packherbagsinadvance.C.Setoffearlytocatchtheflight.13.Howlongdoesittakethewomantogetready?A.Abouthalfanhour.B.Aboutanhour.C.Aboutoneandahalfhours.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.WhyisthemangoingtoMontrealnextsummer?A.Todosomebusiness.B.Toattendawedding.C.Totakeacourse.15.WhatdoweknowaboutQuebecCity?A.ItisthebiggestcityinQuebecProvince.B.ItisfarfromtheSt.LawrenceRiver.C.ItisthecapitalofQuebecProvince.16.WhatdoesthewomanmentionaboutQuebecCit/atlast?A.Theancientbuildings.B.Thecoldwinter.C.Thebeautifulriver.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Tointroducenewteacherstostudents.B.Toinformstudentsoftheschedulefortoday.C.Toexplainsomenewschoolfacilitiestostudents.18.Whenwillstudentshaveabreak?A.At10:30.B.At10:45.C.At11:00.19.Whowillhandoutbooksinreception?A.Rebecca.B.Stewart.C.Anna.20.Whatwillstudentsdo,intheafternoon?A.Haveawrittentest.B.Listentoalecture.C.Doaselfassessment.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题:每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWe’regivingLondon’sLidossomelovethissummer.Whetheryou'reanoutdoorswimmingfanaticorareyettodipyourtoesintothewater,thereareplentyofoptionsforyou.Let’sdiverightin!BrockwellLidoLocatedinthecornerofBrockwellParkandsurroundedbylowlineartdecoratedwithredbrickwalls,theunheated50mpoolhasadedicatedarmyofyearroundswimmers,andqueuesoftenstretchallaroundtheblockonsummerdays.Dobookaheadifyoucan.There’salsoagymandfitnesscenteronsite,alloperatedbyFusion,withtheaddedbonusofanoutdoorsaunaavailableduringthewinterseason.HamptonPoolHamptonPooliswellknownforitsfamousmoonlightswims,takingplacelateatnightinthesummermonths.Notanightowl?Duringtheday,twooutdoorpoolsareavailable—a36monefortheadults,anda12.5mlongoneforlearnersandtoddlers.They’reheatedyearround.AswellasthemoonlightandChristmasDayswims,HamptonPooloffersotherspecialeventsincludingpicnicconcertsinthesummermonths.CharltonLidoCharltonLidohasalltheequipmentandclassesagymfanaticmightneed,butwe’reheretotalkabouttheoutdoorpool.50mlong,heated,surroundedbyasunterraceinthesummermonths,withdrinksavailabletobuyfromCoffeeCornerinJuneSeptember.Memberscantakepartinclassessuchasaquaaerobicsintheoutdoorpoolfreeofcharge.OasisSportsCentreCentralLondon’sonlyheated,outdoorpool,thisoneeswiththeaddedbonusofbeinglocatedonasunterrace.TheoutdoorpoolisjustonepartoftheOasisSportsCentre,whichalsohousesagym,indoorpoolandexercisestudios.The27.5mlongoutdoorpoolissurroundedbyapatioareaandsunbathingdeck,withtheaddedbonusofasaunanearby.Sure,viewsoftherooftopsofCoventGardenmakeitfeellikesomethingofahiddengem(宝石).1.Whichswimmingpoolissuitableforanightswimmer?A.BrockwellLido. B.HamptonPool.C.CharltonLido. D.OasisSportsCentre.2.What’sspecialaboutCharltonLido?A.Itisapoolbuiltoutdoors. B.Itissurroundedbyasunterrace.C.Ithasalargepoolfortoddlers. D.Itoffersfreetrainingsessions.3.WhatdoBrockwellLidoandOasisSportsCentrehaveinmon?A.Theyareheatedoutdoorpools.B.Theyaredecoratedwithredwalls.C.Theyhavepoolsofsimilarsize.D.Theyofferanaddedsaunaservice.【答案】1.B2.D3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几个不同的户外游泳池。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据HamptonPool中“HamptonPoloiswellknownforitsfamousmoonlightswims,takingplacelateatnightinthesummermonths.”（HamptonPolo以其著名的月光游泳而闻名，在夏季的深夜举行。）可知，HamptonPool游泳池适合夜间游泳者。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据CharltonLido中“Memberscantakepartinclassessuchasaquaaerobicsintheoutdoorpoolfreeofcharge.”（会员可以免费参加室外游泳池的有氧运动等课程。）可知，CharltonLido的特别之处是它提供免费的培训课程。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据BrockwellLido中“There’salsoagymandfitnesscenteronsite,alloperatedbyFusion,withtheaddedbonusofanoutdoorsaunaavailableduringthewinterseason.”（现场还有一个健身房和健身中心，都是由Fusion运营的，冬季还可以享受室外桑拿。）以及OasisSportsCentre中“The27.5mlongoutdoorpoolissurroundedbyapatioareaandsunbathingdeck,withtheaddedbonusofasaunanearby.”（这个价值2750万欧元的室外游泳池周围有一个露台和日光浴平台，附近还有一个桑拿房。）可知，BrockwellLido和OasisSportsCentre的共同之处是它们提供额外的桑拿服务。故选D项。BIntheday,theviewofWuzhenisdominatedbywhitewallsandbrownwoodendoors,butthisscenechangesinthenightwhenthedifferentlightsinthewatertowncreatevariousstunningcolorsagainsttheblacksky.OfalltheshopsinWuzhen,theworkshopsellingtraditionalhandmadelanternsstandsoutthemostduringthenight.ThemanbehindtheseamazingcreationsisGuYeguang,a53yearoldcraftsmanwhowasbornintoafamilyoflanternmakersiNanjing,Jiangsuprovince.AlthoughGuhasspentnearlyhisentirelifemakinglanternshehasnevergrownwearyoftheprofession,sayingthatgettingtoteachthecrafttoyoungpeopleiswhatmotivateshimthesedays.Tocrafttheframeofthelantern,Guhastochopbamboocarefullyintolongandthinsticksbeforeusingacandletoscorchtheareasthatneedtobemanipulated.Afterbendingthesticks,Gubindstheendstogetherandwrapsthepletedframewithpaper.Allthesehavetobedonewithgreatskillsandrichexperience.ThelanternworkshopiswithoutdoubtoneofthemostpopularattractionsinWuzhen.AccordingtoGu,theworkshopwouldreceivemorethan100peopleduringitsopeninghoursfrom9amto5pmduringthepeaksummerseason.Tocraftasimpleroundlanterncosts30yuan($4.54).Themoreuniqueonescost50yuaneach.Afteralargegroupofpeopledepartstheworkshopfollowingtheirshortclassonlanternmaking,Gureturnstohisseatandcontinuesworkonanintricatedragonshapedcreation.Butbeforehecouldevenpickuphistools,asmallgirlandhermotherenterthespace.“Mummy,mummy,Iwantalantern!”thegirlexclaimsexcitedly.Guraiseshisheadandgetsbackonhisfeet.“Sure,let’sgetstartedthen,”hesays.“Letusbeginwiththisbamboostick.”Andwiththosefewwordshelightsuptheworkshop,notwithhislanternsbutthechild’scherubic(天使般的)smile.4.WhyisGustillmittedtomakinglanterns?A.Hewantstopassdownthecrafttotheyounggeneration.B.Hehastoearnenoughmoneytosupporthisfamily.C.Heregardsmakinglanternsasafamilybusiness.D.Hemastersbetterskillsthanothers.5.Fromparagraph4wecanknowmakinglanternscanbedescribedas______.A.interesting B.romantic C.significant D.demanding6.Withthesceneinthelastpart,thewritermostprobablywantstoimply______.A.thebusylifeofGuYeguangB.theeducationalskillofGuYeguangC.thepromisingfutureofhandmadelanternsD.themercialvalueofhandmadelanterns7.Whatisthebesttitleofthearticle?A.BuyinghandmadelanternsB.Lightinguppeople’slivesC.MakinglanternswithyoungpeopleD.StudyingtraditionalChineseculture【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了乌镇一家传统手工灯笼工作坊和其背后的工艺师傅顾业光。传递了对传统工艺和文化的尊重与热爱，同时也表达了对传统技艺得以传承的乐观态度。4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“AlthoughGuhasspentnearlyhisentirelifemakinglanterns,hehasnevergrownwearyoftheprofession,sayingthatgettingtoteachthecrafttoyoungpeopleiswhatmotivateshimthesedays.(尽管顾几乎一生都在制作灯笼，但他从未厌倦这项职业，他说，向年轻人传授这门手艺是他现在的动力)”可知，顾还在坚持做灯笼是因为他想把手艺传给年轻一代。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Tocrafttheframeofthelantern,Guhastochopbamboocarefullyintolongandthinsticksbeforeusingacandletoscorchtheareasthatneedtobemanipulated.Afterbendingthesticks,Gubindstheendstogetherandwrapsthepletedframewithpaper.Allthesehavetobedonewithgreatskillsandrichexperience.(为了制作灯笼的框架，顾必须小心地把竹子切成又长又细的小棍，然后用蜡烛把需要加工的地方烤焦。弯曲木棍后，顾把两端绑在一起，用纸包裹好框架。所有这些都需要有高超的技巧和丰富的经验)”可知，制作灯笼需要高超的技巧，要求很高。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Andwiththosefewwordshelightsuptheworkshop,notwithhislanternsbutthechild’scherubic(天使般的)smile.(说完这几句话，他点亮了车间，不是他的灯笼，而是孩子的天使般的微笑)”中“helightsuptheworkshop”和“thechild’scherubic(天使般的)smile”可推知，“光明”和“天使般的微笑”寓意手工灯笼的美好前景。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，本文介绍了乌镇传统手工灯笼和工艺师傅顾业光，表达了对传统工艺和文化的尊重与热爱和对传统技艺得以传承的乐观态度，结合最后一段中“Andwiththosefewwordshelightsuptheworkshop,notwithhislanternsbutthechild’scherubic(天使般的)smile.(说完这几句话，他点亮了车间，不是他的灯笼，而是孩子的天使般的微笑)”可知，手工灯笼带给人们快乐，照亮人们的生活。由此可知，“Lightinguppeople’slives.(照亮人们的生活)”最适合作为文章标题。故选B项。CAdultslivingbythemselvesmayhaveahigherriskofdyingfromcancerparedwiththosewholivewithothers,anewstudysuggests.Theresearch,publishedThursdayinthejournalCancer,foundthatamong114,772workingageadultswholivedalone,2.5%ofthemdiedofcancerduringthestudyperiod.Meanwhile,among358,876adultswholivedwithothers,1.6%,amuchsmallershare,diedofcancerinthestudy.Adultsaged18to64wereenrolledinthestudyandresearchersfoundthestrongestassociationwasinthoseaged45to64.TheresearchersfromtheAmericanCancerSocietyanalyzeddataonmorethan470,000adultsfromtheNationalHealthInterviewSurvey,takingacloselookathowmanyoftheadultslivedaloneversuswithothersandhowmanydiedofcancer.“Ourfindingsmaysuggestthatstrongersocialsupportexistinginmunitiesfromracialminoritygroupsandpeopleoflowersocioeconomicstatusmighthavealleviated(缓解)theassociationbetweenlivingaloneandcancerdeathinthisgroup,butweneedmoreresearchonreasonsforthesedifferences,”Islamisaid.paredwithadultslivingwithothers,adultslivingaloneweremorelikelytohavepoorselfreportedhealthstatus,activitylimitation,seriouspsychologicaldistress,severeobesity,smokecigarettes,orconsumealcohol,accordingtothestudy.“Moreresearchisneededtoidentifytheexactunderlyingmechanismstoexplaintheassociationbetweenlivingaloneandcancerdeath”,KathrinMilbury,associateprofessorofbehavioralscienceatTheUniversityofTexas,whowasnotinvolvedinthenewstudy,saidinanemail.“Thebiologicalmechanismsofsocialisolationarenotfullyunderstood;however,humansaresocialbeings,andbeingisolatedcreatesastateofbiologicalstressthatisharmfultoourhealth,”Milburysaid.“TheothermechanismIbelieveisrelatedtobeinginarelationshipwithothers,beyondbenefitingjustfromtheirpresence,butalsoreceivingtheircareandsupport.”8.Howdoestheauthorjustifythefindinginparagraph2?A.Byanalyzingreasons. B.Bylistingstatistics.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Bymakingments.9.WhichofthefollowingwillIslamiprobablyagreewith?A.Strongersocialsupportwillnotcausecancerdeath.B.Peopleintheir50saremorelikelytosurvivecancer.C.Influencesofsocialsupportneedtobefurtherexplored.D.Peoplefromminoritygroupshavestrongersocialsupport.10.Whichproblemisnotmentionedaboutlivingalone?A.Abusingalcohol. B.Walkinginconvenience.C.Gainingweight. D.municativedisability.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Scientistshaverevealedtheunderlyingmechanisms.B.Receivingothers’supporthelpsrelievesocialisolation.C.Lonelypeoplecanreceivemoresocialcareandsupport.D.Morescientistshavebeenattractedtothegreatresearch.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，相比于与他人同住的人，独居的成年人死于癌症的风险更高。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Theresearch,publishedThursdayinthejournalCancer,foundthatamong114,772workingageadultswholivedalone,2.5%ofthemdiedofcancerduringthestudyperiod.Meanwhile,among358,876adultswholivedwithothers,1.6%,amuchsmallershare,diedofcancerinthestudy.Adultsaged18to64wereenrolledinthestudyandresearchersfoundthestrongestassociationwasinthoseaged45to64.(周四发表在《癌症》期刊上的这项研究发现，在114772名独居的处于工作年龄的成年人中，2.5%的人在研究期间死于癌症。与此同时，研究显示，在358876名与他人生活在一起的成年人中，有1.6%死于癌症，比例要小得多。18岁至64岁的成年人参加了这项研究，研究人员发现，45岁至64岁的人与此最密切相关。)”可知，第二段是通过列举具体研究数据来证明“独居的成年人死于癌症的风险更高”这一结论的。故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中Islami所说的话“Ourfindingsmaysuggestthatstrongersocialsupportexistinginmunitiesfromracialminoritygroupsandpeopleoflowersocioeconomicstatusmighthavealleviated(缓解)theassociationbetweenlivingaloneandcancerdeathinthisgroup,butweneedmoreresearchonreasonsforthesedifferences(我们的研究结果可能表明，来自少数种族群体和社会经济地位较低的人的社区中更强的社会支持可能缓解了该群体中独自生活和癌症死亡之间的联系，但我们需要更多的研究来解释这些差异的原因)”可知，Islami认为需要进行更多的研究来解释这些差异的原因。由此可知，Islami会赞同引起这种差异的社会支持的影响需要进一步探索的想法。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“paredwithadultslivingwithothers,adultslivingaloneweremorelikelytohavepoorselfreportedhealthstatus,activitylimitation,seriouspsychologicaldistress,severeobesity,smokecigarettes,orconsumealcohol,accordingtothestudy.(根据这项研究，和与他人生活在一起的成年人相比，独居的成年人更有可能自我报告健康状况不佳、活动受限、严重的心理困扰、严重的肥胖、吸烟或饮酒。)”可知，独居的问题包括酗酒、活动不便和肥胖，D项“交际障碍”文章未提及。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Milbury所说的话“Thebiologicalmechanismsofsocialisolationarenotfullyunderstood;however,humansaresocialbeings,andbeingisolatedcreatesastateofbiologicalstressthatisharmfultoourhealth(社会孤立的生物学机制尚不完全清楚；然而，人类是社会生物，孤立会形成一种对我们健康有害的生物压力状态)”和“TheothermechanismIbelieveisrelatedtobeinginarelationshipwithothers,beyondbenefitingjustfromtheirpresence,butalsoreceivingtheircareandsupport.(我认为另一种机制和与他人的关系有关，不仅从他们的存在中受益，而且还得到他们的关心和支持)”可推知，得到他人的支持有助于缓解社会孤立。故选B项。DTherainforestsarealivewiththesoundofanimals.Besidesthepleasureofthedin(喧嚣),itisalsousefultoecologists.“Ifyouwanttomeasurethebiodiversityofapieceofland,listeningoutforanimalcallsismucheasierthanlookingfortracksintheundergrowth.Butsuch“bioacoustics(生物声音的)analysis”isstilltimeconsuming,anditrequiresanexpertpairofears.InapaperpublishedonOctober17thinNaturemunications,agroupofresearchersledbyJorgMüller,anecologistattheUniversityofWürzburg,describeabetterway:haveaputerdothejob.Smartphoneappsalreadyexistthatwillidentifybirds,batsormammalssimplybylisteningtothesoundstheymake.Theirideawastoapplytheprincipletoconservationwork.Theresearcherstookrecordingsfromacross43sitesintheEcuadoreanrainforest.Somesiteswererelativelyuncultivated,oldgrowthforests.Otherswereareasthathadrecentlybeenclearedforgrazingorcacaoplanting.Andsomehadbeenclearedbutthenabandoned,allowingtheforesttoregrow.Soundrecordingsweretakenfourtimeseveryhour,overtwoweeks.Thevariouscallswereidentifiedmanuallybyanexpert,andthenusedtoconstructalistofthespeciespresent.Asexpected,thelongerthelandhadbeenfreefromagriculturalactivity,thegreaterthebiodiversityithosted.Thenitwastheputer’sturn.Theresearchersfedtheirrecordingstoartificialintelligencemodelsthathadbeentrained,usingsoundsamplesfromelsewhereinEcuador,toidentify75birdspeciesfromtheircalls.“WefoundthattheAItoolscouldidentifythesoundsaswellastheexperts,”saysDrMüller.Ofcourse,noteverythinginarainforestmakesanoise.DrMüllerandhiscolleaguesusedlighttrapstocapturenightflyinginsects,andDNAanalysistoidentifythem.Reassuringly,theyfoundthatthediversityofnoisyanimalswasareliableproxyforthediversityofthequieterones.Theresultsmayhaverelevanceoutsideecologydepartments,too.Underpressurefromtheircustomers,firmssuchasL’Oreal;amakeuppany,andShell,anoilfirm,havebeenspendingmoneyonforestrestorationprojectsaroundtheworld.DrMüllerhopesthatanautomatedapproachtocheckingontheresultscouldhelpmonitorsuchefforts,andgiveastandardisedwaytomeasurewhethertheyareworkingaswellastheirsponsorssay.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutBioacousticanalysis?A.Itmakesanimalcallsattractive. B.Itrequiresspecialskillandtime.C.Itmeasuresbiodiversityeasily. D.Itappliestomanyresearchfields.13.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheprocessoftakingrecordingsintherainforests?A.ResearcherstrainedAImodelstomimicanimalcalls.B.AItoolscanidentifybirdspeciesaswellastheexperts.C.Agriculturalactivitiesledtoadecreaseinbiodiversity.D.ResearchersusedAItoolstoconserverainforestswell.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“proxy”inparagraph5mean?A.Accelerator. B.Assumption. C.Formation. D.Indicator.15.What’sthepotentialapplicationofAIinforestrestorationprojects?A.Identifyingthesponsors. B.Evaluatingthebiodiversity.C.Monitoringtheeffectiveness. D.Establishingecologydepartments.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究人员发明了让计算机来进行动物声音识别的工作，解释了其工作原理以及应用情况。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Butsuch“bioacoustics(生物声音的)analysis”isstilltimeconsuming,anditrequiresanexpertpairofears.(但是这种“生物声学分析”仍然很耗时，而且需要一双专家的耳朵)”可知，生物声学分析需要特殊的技巧和时间。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Asexpected,thelongerthelandhadbeenfreefromagriculturalactivity,thegreaterthebiodiversityithosted.(正如预期的那样，土地远离农业活动的时间越长，它所承载的生物多样性就越大)”可推知，从在雨林中进行录音的过程中可以推断出农业活动导致生物多样性减少。故选C。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Ofcourse,noteverythinginarainforestmakesanoise.DrMüllerandhiscolleaguesusedlighttrapstocapturenightflyinginsects,andDNAanalysistoidentifythem.(当然，不是雨林里的所有东西都会发出声音。Müller博士和他的同事们用捕光器捕捉夜间飞行的昆虫，并通过DNA分析来识别它们)”以及划线词上文“thediversityofnoisyanimalswasareliable”可知，由于不是所有的东西都会发出声音，所以吵闹动物的多样性就成了安静动物多样性的可靠标志。故划线词意思是“标志”。故选D。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“DrMüllerhopesthatanautomatedapproachtocheckingontheresultscouldhelpmonitorsuchefforts,andgiveastandardisedwaytomeasurewhethertheyareworkingaswellastheirsponsorssay.(Müller博士希望一种自动检查结果的方法可以帮助监督这些努力，并提供一种标准化的方法来衡量它们是否像赞助者所说的那样有效)”可知，人工智能在森林恢复项目中的潜在应用是监测有效性。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Havingabusinessinretirementhasnumerousadvantages.Youcangeneratetheextraine.Andasyourownboss,youwillhavetheflexibility.Also,you’llhavetheopportunitytolearnnewthingsandmeetnewpeople.___16___Herearethetips.Understandyourtargetmarket.Beforestartingyourbusiness,conductmarketresearchtoknowtheactualdemandforyourproductorservice.Thedemandforyourbusiness’sofferingscansignificantlyinfluenceitssuccess.___17___Withthisinformation,you’llbeabletotailoryourservicesandproductstosuityourcustomers’needs.Consideryourfinancialneeds.___18___Buttheyareusuallythemostchallenging.Withoutsufficientfinancialresources,yourbusinessmayhaveahardtimefindingitsfooting.Whendeterminingyourfinancialneeds,youmustberealistic.___19___Startupsusuallyhavepersonalinvestmentsbybusinessowners.Ifyouhaveadequatesavingsfromyourworkingyears,youmaywanttousethemtofundyourbusinessventure.Otherwise,youcanexploreanalternativefundingsourcelikealoan.Haveabusinessplan.Manysmallbusinessownersunderestimatetheimportanceofabusinessplan.___20___Butthisisnottrue.Althoughbusinessplanstakealongtimetodevelopandrequireasignificantamountofresearchanddata,theyareessentialforbothsmallandlargeenterprises.A.Lookatyourfundingsources.B.Findbusinesscooperationifnecessary.C.Theyfeelit’sunnecessaryandawasteoftime.D.Sohowcanyouturnthisfantasyintoasuccess?E.Youareabletoseekoutsidefundingforyourventure.F.Whenstartinganewbusiness,youmaywantenoughfunds.G.Identifyyourtargetcustomersandtheirpurchasingpreferences.【答案】16.D17.G18.F19.A20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何创业成功提出了一些建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Havingabusinessinretirementhasnumerousadvantages.Youcangeneratetheextraine.Andasyourownboss,youwillhavetheflexibility.Also,you’llhavetheopportunitytolearnnewthingsandmeetnewpeople.(退休后创业有很多好处。你可以产生额外的收入。作为自己的老板，你会有很大的灵活性。此外，你将有机会学习新事物，结识新朋友)”以及下文“这里是一下建议”可知，本句为过渡句，承上启下说明如何将创业变成现实，故D选项“那么你怎样才能把这个幻想变成成功呢？”符合语境，故选D。【17题详解】根据后文“Withthisinformation,you’llbeabletotailoryourservicesandproductstosuityourcustomers’needs.(有了这些信息，你就可以定制你的服务和产品来满足客户的需求)”可知，本句主要说明满足客户需求之前先要确定目标客户和偏好。故G选项“确定你的目标客户和他们的购买偏好”符合语境，说明的就是下文的thisinformation，故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“Consideryourfinancialneeds.(考虑你的财务需求)”以及后文“Buttheyareusuallythemostchallenging.Withoutsufficientfinancialresources,yourbusinessmayhaveahardtimefindingitsfooting.Whendeterminingyourfinancialneeds,youmustberealistic.(但它们通常是最具挑战性的。如果没有足够的资金来源，你的生意可能很难站稳脚跟。在确定你的财务需求时，你必须现实一点)”可知，本句主要说明创业需要足够的资金。故F选项“当你开始一项新事业时，你可能需要足够的资金”符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】根据本段内容“Startupsusuallyhavepersonalinvestmentsbybusinessowners.Ifyouhaveadequatesavingsfromyourworkingyears,youmaywanttousethemtofundyourbusinessventure.Otherwise,youcanexploreanalternativefundingsourcelikealoan.(创业公司通常有企业主的个人投资。如果你在工作期间有足够的积蓄，你可能想用它们来为你的商业冒险提供乐趣。否则，您可以探索其他资金来源，如贷款)”可知，本段的主旨是查看资金来源，A选项中fundingsources对应后文fundingsource。故A选项“看看你的资金来源”符合语境，故选A。【20题详解】根据上文“Manysmallbusinessownersunderestimatetheimportanceofabusinessplan.(许多小企业主低估了商业计划的重要性)”可知，本句承接上文说明低估商业计划重要性的原因：觉得没有必要，而且浪费时间。故C选项“他们觉得没有必要，而且浪费时间”符合语境，故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Agroupofbiologistsrescuedadolphin.Afteradolphinwasfound___21___aloneinacreek(湾)inFlorida,biologistsattemptedtorescueitbyformingahuman___22___toguideit.Dolphins___23___travelingroupscalleda“school”ora“pod”,althoughsolitarydolphinsarebeingmoremon.Thiscanbeareasonfor___24___becausedolphinsarenaturally___25___creatures,soiftheyareisolatedfromotherdolphinstheymayturntheirattentiontohumaninteraction.This___26___canbedangerous,bothfordolphinsandhumans.After____27____thatthedolphinhadbeenthereforafewdays,andwasneararesidentialareawitha___28___ofhumandisturbance,NOAAFisheriesServicedecidedto___29___.TwentyeightbiologistsfromNOAAandFWCcametogethertoformachain,creatingabarrierthat___30___thedolphinoutofthecreek.RescuebiologistBaldricasaid,“Thegoalwastojustbeabarrierthatwas___31___totheanimal,sowewantedtocreateaphysicalbarrieraswellasanauditory(听觉的)barrier.Wehadsomebodybehindus___32___onaboat,andthenwesplashedthewater,spedtheengineand___33___forwardtowardstheanimal,sowegavetheanimalthe___34___toswimthroughthebridgeonitsown.”Therescuewas___35___,withthedolphinmakingitswayoutofthecreek.21.A.swimming B.screaming C.shaking D.sweeping22.A.shape B.character C.chain D.body23.A.separately B.tragically C.typically D.abruptly24.A.pleasure B.concern C.fortune D.eager25.A.admirable B.responsible C.incredible D.sociable26.A.inturn B.inreturn C.intime D.introuble27.A.browsing B.visiting C.observing D.revealing28.A.disability B.capability C.possibility D.reliability29.A.takeaction B.takeeffect C.takeoffice D.takeriot30.A.kicked B.shot C.carried D.guided31.A.novel B.faithful C.dangerous D.stable32.A.lying B.bending C.leaning D.banging33.A.climbed B.moved C.rushed D.dived34.A.sorrow B.option C.regret D.honor35.A.successful B.careful C.colorful D.fearful【答案】21.A22.C23.C24.B25.D26.A27.C28.C29.A30.D31.A32.D33.B34.B35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了生物学家们排成“人链”拯救了一只误入小溪的海豚。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在佛罗里达州的一条小溪里发现了一只独自游泳的海豚后，生物学家试图通过组成一条“人链”引导它从而拯救它。A.swimming游泳；B.screaming尖叫；C.shaking摇动；D.sweeping打扫。结合主语“adolphin”以及空后的“inacreek”可知，此处指一只海豚在小溪里游。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.shape形状；B.character性格；C.chain链条，一连串（人或事）；D.body身体。根据第三段中“TwentyeightbiologistsfromNOAAandFWCcametogethertoformachain”可知，生物学家组成“人链”来营救海豚。故选C。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：海豚通常成群结队地旅行，称为“学校”或“群居”，尽管孤独的海豚变得越来越普遍。A.separately分别地；B.tragically悲惨低；C.typically通常，一般；D.abruptly突然，立刻。结合“althoughsolitarydolphinsarebeingmoremon”表达的让步语气可知，海豚通常是成群结队的，尽管单个海豚越来越普遍。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能是一个令人担忧的原因，因为海豚天生是社交动物，所以如果它们与其他海豚隔离，它们可能会将注意力转向与人类的互动。A.pleasure高兴，快乐；B.concern担心，忧虑；C.fortune财富；D.eager渴望的。根据下文“This___6___canbedangerous”可知，单个海豚出现令人担忧。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.admirable令人钦佩的；B.responsible负责任的；C.incredible难以置信的；D.sociable社交的。根据“soiftheyareisolatedfromotherdolphinstheymayturntheirattentiontohumaninteraction”可知，如果海豚与同类分开，它们可能会将注意力转向与人类的互动，说明海豚是天生社交动物。故选D。【26题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这反过来对海豚和人类都是危险的。A.inturn反之，反过来；B.inreturn作为回报；C.intime及时；D.introuble处于困境。上文提到如果海豚和同类分开会把注意力转向与人类的互动，此处指“这反过来对人类和海豚都是危险的”。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在观察到这只海豚已经在那里待了几天，并且靠近一个可能受到人类干扰的居民区后，美国国家海洋和大气管理局渔业服务处决定采取行动。A.browsing浏览，搜寻信息；B.visiting参观，访问；C.observing观察；D.revealing揭示。结合“forafewdays,andwasneararesidentialareawitha___8___ofhumandisturbance”可知，此处指密切观察海豚的动向。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义