高中英语 素能提升演练(十五) Unit3 Science versus nature 译林牛津版必修5

素能提升演练（十五）必修5Unit3Ⅰ.用下列句型翻译句子1.地上湿了，昨天晚上一定下雨了。(musthavedone表示对过去发生的事情作肯定推测)____________________________________________2.过马路时一定要小心。(状语从句的省略)____________________________________________3.我们的国家越来越强大了。(比较级+and+比较级越来越……)____________________________________________4.毫无疑问我们做得对。(Thereisnodoubtthat...毫无疑问……)____________________________________________5.一方面孩子们需要有组织的活动，另一方面他们也需要时间和自由来放松自己。(on(the)onehand...ontheotherhand一方面……另一方面……)____________________________________________Ⅱ.单项填空1.[郑州模拟]Bankswasthefirst________cropsfromonecontinenttoanotheronalargescale,________todeveloplocaleconomieswithnewimports.A.tohavemoved;tohelp B.tomove;tohelpC.tomove;helping D.moving;helping2.[杭州模拟]Despiteallthebenefitsofbuildingafactoryhere,onlyafewpeopleargued________theproject.A.intermsof B.inneedof C.inpraiseof D.infavourof3.[石家庄模拟]________therewasnoconclusiveevidence,mostpeoplethoughthewasguilty.A.When B.AsfarasC.Aslongas D.While4.He________hisplanfordroppingoutoftheuniversityregardlessofhisparents’opposition.A.pushedalong B.pushedaheadwithC.pushedfor D.pushedforward5.Thepoormother,whohadbeenillinbed,hadtohaveherlittleson________athisuncle’s.A.adapted B.adoptedC.adjusted D.applied6.[嘉兴模拟]—Wasthesuspectpronouncedguilty?—Yes,thenewevidence________thefirstwitness’story.A.confirmed B.claimedC.declared D.observed7.[合肥模拟]Hestoodtherewithoutdaringtolifthisheadasa________ofhiswrongaction.A.summary B.consequenceC.conclusion D.effect8.[南昌模拟]Everycountryhastheresponsibilitytoensureasafe,________andhealthydevelopmentofthenuclearenergy.A.flexible B.reliableC.available D.acceptable9.Iwouldlikeajobwhichpaysmore,but________IenjoytheworkI’mdoingatthemoment.A.inotherwords B.ontheotherhandC.foronething D.asamatteroffact10.[潍坊模拟]Mysonprefersustoemaileachotheronceaweek________spendhalfanhouronthephoneeverynight.A.otherthan B.ratherthan C.morethan D.insteadof11.—Couldyoudomea________andtaketheboxuptothesixthfloor?—Withpleasure.Noproblematall.A.favour B.goodC.pleasure D.kindness12.—Howcanyouborrowmycomputerwithoutmy________?—Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Ihopeyoudon’tmind.A.permit B.permissionC.belief D.instructions13.[沧州模拟]Exam-takers’“virtue”willbetakeninto________inthenationwidepublicservants’exam.A.focus B.targetC.consideration D.contribution14.—Howaboutyourschool?—Oh,verygood.Youcan’tfind________oneinthiscity.A.thebetter B.thebestC.abetter D.better15.[福州模拟]Notuntilhelefthishome________toknowhowimportantthefamilywasforhim.A.didhebegin B.hadhebegun C.hebegan D.hehadbegunⅢ.完形填空［泰州模拟］Ialwayslongforromanticmoments,likealittlegirllongingforcandies.However,myhusbandismycomplete1.Hisinabilitytobringromanticmomentsintoourlifehasmademegettiredofour2.Oneday,IfinallytoldhimthatIwantedadivorce.“Why?”heasked,3.“Iamtired;thereareno4foreverythingintheworld!”Ianswered.Hekept5,seemingtobeindeepthought,withalightedcigaretteinhishand.Finallyheasked,“WhatcanIdotochangeyour6?”LookingdeepintohiseyesIslowlyanswered,“Let’ssay,Iwantafloweronamountaincliffandpickingtheflowerwillcauseyour7.Willyoudoitforme?”Heanswered,“Iwillgiveyoumyanswertomorrow.”I8thenextmorning,findingapieceofpaperonthediningtable,whichread:“Mydear,Iwouldnotpickthatflowerforyou,butpleaseallowmeto9.”Myfeelingofdisappointmentonly10,butIcontinuedreading:“Youalwaysleavethe11keysbehind,soIhavetosavemylegsto12hometoopenthedoorforyou.YoualwaysliketostayindoorsandI13thatyouwillfeeltoolonely,soIhavetosavemymouthtotellyoujokesandstories.Youalwaysstare14thecomputerandthatwilldonothing15foryoureyes,soIhavetosavemyeyessothatwhenwegrow16,Icanhelptoclipyournails.Thus,mydear,17IamsurethatthereissomeonewholovesyoumorethanIdo,Icouldnotpickthatfloweryet,anddie.”Mytearsfellonthe18andIcontinuedreading:“Nowthatyouhavefinishedreadingmyanswer,ifyouare19,pleaseopenthefrontdoorforIamstandingoutside20yourfavoritebreadandfreshmilk.”Love,notwords,winsarguments.1.A.supporter B.oppositeC.follower D.advocate2.A.marriage B.connectionC.career D.future3.A.annoyed B.shockedC.frightened D.amused4.A.results B.signs C.causes D.reasons5.A.easy B.normal C.silent D.calm6.A.habit B.feeling C.attitude D.mind7.A.death B.injury C.happiness D.trouble8.A.hurriedup B.lookedupC.wokeup D.wentup9.A.love B.explain C.stay D.change10.A.arose B.disappearedC.reduced D.increased11.A.car B.office C.bicycle D.house12.A.leave B.walk C.rush D.get13.A.worry B.think C.believe D.remind14.A.at B.to C.on D.in15.A.bad B.goodC.terrible D.important16.A.weak B.ill C.old D.close17.A.unless B.if C.since D.because18.A.photos B.flowers C.floor D.letter19.A.hungry B.thirstyC.satisfied D.regretted20.A.buying B.bringingC.heating D.catchingⅣ.阅读理解ChelseaClintonToBecomeNBCCorrespondent(通讯记者)ChelseaClinton,the31-year-olddaughterofformerPresidentBillClintonandSecretaryofStateHillaryRodhamClinton,issteppingintoherownspotlight.AccordingtotheNewYorkTimes,NBChashiredClintontobecomeafull-timespecialcorrespondentforNBCNews.Herfeaturestorieswillreportedlybeusedinthe“MakingaDifference”series,whichrunson“NBCNightlyNews”.Thesectionsattractpeoplewhovolunteertoimprovethelivesofothersintheircommunities.WhenBillClintonwonthepresidencyin1992,thefirstladyaskedthepresstokeepChelseaoutofthepubliceye.Asayoungadult,Chelseacontinuedtoavoidmediaattentioninordertoattendcollegeandquietlyenterthebusinessworld.Oncehermotherdecidedtorunforthepresidencyin,however,Chelseamadehundredsofpublicappearances,mostlyoncollegecampuses,tosupportthecampaign.Morerecently,shehasworkedforNewYorkUniversityandpromotedherfather’slatestbook.Sheiscurrentlypursuingadoctor’sdegreeatOxford.ClintonistheseconddaughterofapresidenthiredbyNBCNews;JennaBushHager,daughterofformerPresidentGeorgeW.Bush,worksasacorrespondentforNBC’s“Today”show.1.ChelseaClintoncontinuedtostayoutofmediaattentionto_______.A.improvethelivesofothersB.helpherfatherintheelectionC.studyandgotothebusinesscircleD.supporthermotherforthepresidency2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“runs”meaninParagraph2?A.isshown B.flows C.ismanaged D.spreads3.Whichistherightorderoftheevents?a.ChelseahelpedtosellBillClinton’slatestbook.b.Chelseapursuesherdoctor’sdegree.c.Chelseasupportedhermother’scareer.d.Chelseawasoutofthepublic’sattention.A.d,a,c,b B.c,d,b,a C.c,b,d,a D.d,c,a,b4.Accordingtothetext,wecanconcludethat_______.A.ChelseaClintonistheseconddaughterofBillClintonB.ChelseaClintonisinfavourofherparents’careerC.ChelseaClintonalwaysfollowshermother’sadviceD.JennaBushHagerisacorrespondentfor“NBCNightlyNews”答案解析Ⅰ.1.Thegroundiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.2.Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.3.Ourcountryhasbecomestrongerandstronger.4.Thereisnodoubtatallthatwedidtherightthing.5.On(the)onehand,childrenneedorganizedactivities.Ontheotherhand,theyalsoneedtimeandfreedomtorelax.Ⅱ.1.【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句意：班克斯是第一个大规模地把农作物从一个洲运到另一个洲的人，从而用这种新的进口物资促进了当地经济的发展。thefirsttodosth.意为“第一个做某事”，序数词后面由动词不定式作定语；helpingtodeveloplocaleconomieswithnewimports在句子中作状语，表示自然而然的结果。2.【解析】选D。考查短语辨析。句意：尽管在这儿建一家工厂有优势，但是只有少数人赞成这项计划。intermsof依据；按照；在……方面，以……措辞；inneedof需要；inpraiseof赞扬；infavourof支持，赞成。根据句意选D。3.【解析】选D。考查连词。句意：尽管没有确凿的证据，但是多数人认为他有罪。while尽管，引导让步状语从句，符合句意。when当……的时候；asfaras远到……；据……；aslongas只要，均与题意不符。【变式备选】________Stellashowsasenseofhumor,sometimes,sheissomewhathardtogetalongwith.A.Since B.When C.As D.While【解析】选D。考查连词。句意：尽管斯特拉有幽默感，但有时候人们很难与她相处。while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，符合句意。4.【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意：他不顾父母的反对，毅然按照自己的计划从大学退学了。pushaheadwith义无反顾地进行，符合句意。pushalong把……推向前；pushfor一再强烈要求；pushforward继续前进。5.【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意：贫穷的母亲生病在床，她不得不把小儿子寄养在他叔叔家。adapt适应，修改，改编；adopt收养，寄养,采用，采纳；adjust调整；apply申请，应用。6.【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意：——那个犯罪嫌疑人被定罪了吗？——是的，新的证据证明了第一个目击证人的话。confirm证明，证实；claim声称，认领；declare宣布，声明；observe观察,注意到。7.【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意：他站在那里，因为他的错误行为而不敢抬头。asaconsequenceof由于，因为，符合题意。summary总结，概况；conclusion结论；effect影响,效果。8.【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。句意：每个国家都有责任确保核能源的安全、可靠、健康发展。flexible灵活的；reliable可靠的，可信赖的；available可利用的；acceptable可接受的。根据句意可知，答案选B。9.【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意：我想找一份薪水高的工作，但是另一方面，我很喜欢我当前的这份工作。inotherwords换句话说；ontheotherhand另一方面；foronething一方面；asamatteroffact实际上。10.【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意：我儿子宁愿我们每周彼此发一次电子邮件也不愿意每天晚上花半小时时间打电话。otherthan除了；ratherthan而不是；宁可……也不愿；morethan比……多，不止；insteadof代替；而不是。根据句意可知答案选B。【变式备选】Somewillruntheriskofkillingthemselvesandtheirfamilies________admittheydon’tknowhowtomendthelampthathasgonewrong.A.lessthan B.ratherthanC.morethan D.otherthan【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意：某些人宁愿冒着使他们自己和家人被害死的危险也不愿意承认他们不懂得如何修理坏了的灯。lessthan比……少；ratherthan而不是；morethan比……多,不仅仅；otherthan除了。ratherthan引导两个并列的动词run和admit。【知识拓展】morethan的用法(1)morethan+数词，表示“比……多,不止”。例如：Morethanoneanswerisright.不止一个答案是正确的。(2)morethan+名词，表示“不仅仅是”。例如：Weneedmorethanmaterialwealthtobuildourcountry.建设我们的国家我们不仅仅需要物质财富。(3)morethan+形容词/副词，表示“很，非常”。例如：Theyweremorethanwillingtohelpyou.他们非常乐意帮助你。(4)morethan...can/could，表示“不能,难以”，其中morethan表示否定，相当于not。例如：Someofthestorieswerereallymorethancouldbebelieved.有些故事实在难以令人相信。11.【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。dosb.afavour帮某人一个忙。根据第一人所说的...taketheboxuptothesixthfloor可知A项符合句意。12.【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意：——你怎么能不经我的允许就借我的电脑？——哦，我忘了告诉你。希望你别介意。withoutsb.’spermission未经某人允许，符合句意。permit作名词意为“许可证”；belief相信，信心；instructions用法说明，均与题意不符。13.【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意：年全国公务员考试将会考虑考试人员的“道德”因素。take...intoconsideration考虑……；把……考虑在内。符合句意。focus焦点；中心；target目标；靶子；contribution贡献；捐献；投稿。【变式备选】Althougheverythingseemstohavebeentakeninto________,anaccidentcanhappenwhentheastronautswalkinspace.A.consideration B.realityC.effect D.measure【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意：尽管所有的事情似乎已经被考虑到了，但是当宇航员在太空行走的时候事故仍有可能发生。takesth.intoconsideration认真考虑某事。reality现实；effect效果，影响；measure措施。14.【解析】选C。句意：——你的学校如何？——哦，非常好。在这个城市里你再也找不到一个更好的了。“否定词+比较级”相当于最高级，“一个更好的学校”是泛指，故答案选C。15.【解析】选A。考查倒装结构。句意为：直到他离开家才知道家对他来说多么重要。notuntil引导的从句放在句首，主句用部分倒装，答案选A。【变式备选】Never________timecomeagain.A.haslost B.willloseC.willlost D.lose【解析】选C。考查倒装。never等否定副词放于句首，句子用部分倒装。根据句意“失去的时光将永不会再来”可知答案选C。Ⅲ.【文章大意】妻子是个喜欢浪漫的人，而她的丈夫却不懂浪漫，于是有一天，妻子向他提出离婚，没想到丈夫的一封信使妻子回心转意。1.【解析】选B。考查名词。此空前的However表示此句与前一句意思相反。我总是渴望浪漫的时刻，而我的丈夫正好与我相反。他不能给我带来浪漫。2.【解析】选A。考查名词。由常识可知。我们夫妻间没有浪漫可言，这使我对我们的婚姻感到很厌倦，想结束两人间的婚姻。3.【解析】选B。考查动词。夫妻间没有什么矛盾，我突然告诉丈夫我要与他离婚，他当然感到很震惊。4.【解析】选D。考查名词。前文有Why，所以此处表示“原因”。5.【解析】选C。考查形容词。根据后面的indeepthought(沉思)可知丈夫此时没有说话。6.【解析】选D。考查名词。丈夫问：“我怎样做才能改变你的想法？”，故用changeyourmind。7.【解析】选A。考查名词。由常识可知，在悬崖上采花是有生命危险的。第17空后的die对此题有暗示作用。8.【解析】选C。考查动词短语。第二天早晨我醒来(wakeup)时，