河南省2025届高三英语上学期阶段性测试试题一含解析

PAGEPAGE27河南省2025届高三英语上学期阶段性测试试题（一）（含解析）考生留意：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whendidthespeakerslastseeeachother?A.Oneyearago.B.Fiveyearsago.C.Fifteenyearsago.2.Whatdoesthemanwishforthefuture?A.Allhisdreamswillcometrue.B.Sciencewilldevelopmuchfaster.CHe’llbeabletodohisjobfromhome.3.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Bringthemanasalad.B.Takeawaytheman'ssoda.C.Givethemansomecheese.4.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Cousins.C.Brotherandsister.5.Whatdoesthewomantellthemantodo?A.Prepareforlanding.B.Takehisheadphonesout.C.Puthischairbackin15minutes.其次节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdidthemanliketodo?A.Hike.B.Swim.C.Takephotos.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestintheend?A.Lifecouldbefunwithoutsocialmedia.B.Familyactivitiesareveryimportant.C.Themanshouldgomorecamping.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whywasthemanworried?A.Helosthiswallet.B.Hismotherhadbeenill.C.Apolicemanwasinfrontoftheshoppingmall.9Whatwillthemanhavetodointheend?A.Repairhiscar.B.Paythefine.C.Gotothehospital.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoestheboywanttoeat?A.Peanutbutter.B.Yogurt.C.Cookies.11.Whatdoestheboyimplyaboutcarrotcake?A.It’slowinsugar.B.Itcontainssomehealthyingredients.C.It’snotasdeliciousasothertypesofcake.12.Howdoestheboyprobablyfeelintheend?A.Surprised.B.Jealous.C.Angry.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatjobisthemaninterviewingfor?A.Ajobatschool.B.Ajobataradiostation.C.AjobataTVstation.14.Whatdoesthemanthinkofsendingemails?A.Heisrathergoodatit.B.Hehasnoconfidenceinit.C.Hehasdonethathiswholelife.15.Whatdoesthejobinvolveaccordingtothewoman?A.Alotoftraffic.B.Meetingthefans.C.Gettingupearlyinthemorning.16.Whoisoneoftheman’sreferences?A.Someonelieusedtoteach.B.Someoneheusedtoworkwith.C.Someoneliewenttograduateschoolwith.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whenarelaundryplacesusuallyclosed?A.At10:00a.m.B.At7:00p.m.C.At10:00p.m.18.Howmanywashersmightalargerlaundryplacelave?A.12.B.24.C.48.19.Whatdopeopleoftendowhilewaitinginthelaundryplace?A.Eatsomefood.B.Chatwiththeemployee.C.Puttheirclothesoutinthesun.20.Whometherhusbandalalaundryplace?A.Thespeaker.B.Thespeaker'sfriend.C.Thespeaker'ssister.其次部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AFromhelpingrescuedanimalsfindpermanenthomestoprovidingcareforchimpanzees(黑猩猩)thathavefoundshelter,there’salwaysavolunteeringsiteforeveryanimallover.Herearesomeamazingopportunities.SeattleHumaneSocietySeattleHumaneSocietyhasbeenhelpinganimalssince1897.In2013,itadoptedoutarecordof6,297pets.Itprovidesawiderangeofprograms,includingdogtraining,apetfoodbankandvolunteeropportunitiesforanimallovers.Asix-monthcommitmentisrequired,andallvolunteersmustbeatleast18yearsold.ChimpanzeeShelterNorthwestChimpanzeeShelterNorthwestwasfoundedin2003asashelterforchimpanzees.ItliesinthefoothillsoftheCascadeMountains,90mileseastofSeattle.Volunteershaveauniqueopportunitytoseewhatittakestorunashelter.Ithasthreelevelsofvolunteers;LevelIvolunteershelpwithmealpreparation;LevelIIvolunteershelpthestaffcleantheshelter;levelIIIvolunteersaretrainedtointeractdirectlywiththechimpanzees.HopeForHorsesHopeForHorseshasanall-volunteerteamthathashelpedhundredsofseverelyabusedhorsessince2001.It'salsorescuedavarietyofotheranimalsovertheyears,includingdonkeys,chickens,geeseandagoat.Volunteersprovidehands-oncareforhorsesandotheranimals,includingmedicalresearch,sitevisitsandassistancewithadoption.Allvolunteersmustbe18yearsold.PurrfectPalsPurrfectPals,whichwasfoundedin1988,isthePacificNorthwest'slargestcat-onlyadoptionshelterandorganization.Andit'soneofthelargestcat-onlysheltersinNorthAmericauswell.Itfindshomeforover2,000catseachyear.Itasksforafive-monthcommitmentandvolunteersmusthe18orolder.1.What’sthetextintendedtointroduce?A.Benefitsofbeinganimallovers.B.Permanenthomesforrescuedanimals.C.Volunteeropportunitiesforanimallovers.D.Commitmentsofvolunteersatanimalshelters.2.Whichofthefollowinghasthelongesthistory?A.SeattleHumaneSociety. B.ChimpanzeeShelterNorthwest.C.HopeForHorses. D.PurrfectPals.3.InwhatwayisChimpanzeeShelterNorthwestdifferentfromtheotherthree?A.ItlieswithinthecityofSeattle. B.Itsetsnoagelimitforvolunteers.C.Itiscompletelyrunbyvolunteers. D.Itisashelterforonlyonekindofanimals.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】本文是一篇应用文。为酷爱动物的人介绍了几个动物收容站，为他们供应志愿服务的机会。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。通读全文尤其是依据文章第一段段中的“there’salwaysavolunteeringsiteforeveryanimallover.Herearesomeamazingopportunities.(总有为动物爱好者供应志愿服务的站点，这里有一些惊人的机会。)”可知，本文给酷爱动物的人介绍了几个动物收容站，为他们供应志愿服务的机会。C选项“Volunteeropportunitiesforanimallovers.(为动物爱好者供应志愿服务机会。)”符合题意，故选C项。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段“SeattleHumaneSocietyhasbeenhelpinganimalssince1897.(自1897年以来，西雅图人道协会始终在帮助动物。）”，以及第三段中的“ChimpanzeeShelterNorthwestwasfoundedin2003asashelterforchimpanzees.(西北黑猩猩庇护所成立于2003年，是黑猩猩的庇护所。)”；以及第四段“HopeForHorseshasanall-volunteerteamthathashelpedhundredsofseverelyabusedhorsessince2001.(“希望之马”有一个全是志愿者团队，自2001年以来帮助了数百匹受到严峻虐待的马)”；和第五段“PurrfectPals,whichwasfoundedin1988,isthePacificNorthwest'slargestcat-onlyadoptionshelterandorganization.(成立于1988年的PurrfectPals是太平洋西北部最大的只收养猫的收容所和组织。)”可知，四个动物救援站的成立时间分别是：1897年、2003年、2001年和1988年,历史最悠久的是SeattleHumaneSociety。A选项“SeattleHumaneSociety.(西雅图人道协会)”符合题意，故选A项。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第三段“allvolunteersmustheatleast18yearsold.(全部志愿者必需年满18岁。)”和第五段“Allvolunteersmustbe18yearsold.(全部志愿者必需年满18岁。)”和第六段“andvolunteersmusthe18orolder.（志愿者必需年满18岁。）”可知，SeattleHumaneSociety，PurrfectPals，PurrfectPals这三个救援站都对志愿者有年龄限制，只有ChimpanzeeShelterNorthwest没有对志愿者的年龄设限，因此，ChimpanzeeShelterNorthwest与其他救助站不同的它没有年龄限制。B项“Itsetsnoagelimitforvolunteers.(它对志愿者的年龄没有设限)”符合题意，故选B项。BEmilyEganwasbornandraisedinEssex,UnitedKingdomandspeaksnoforeignlanguage,buthearingherspeak,youcouldswearshe'saRussianimmigrant(移民)oratourist,becauseofherEasternEuropeanaccent.ButthefunnythingisthatshesometimessoundsFrench,ItalianorevenPolish,dependingonhowtiredsheis.31-year-oldEmily'slifechangedgreatlyinJanuary,whenamysteriousconditionleftherunabletospeakfortwomonths.She’dhadheadachesfortwoweeksbeforeonedaydevelopingadeepervoicesuddenly.Hercolleaguesatachildren'shomethennoticedherspeechhadbecomeslowandunclear,bothsignsofastroke(中风).Bythetimeshewasrushedtothehospital,Emilyhadlostherabilitytospeakcompletely,butafterrunningsometests,doctorsruledoutthestroke,insteadblaminghervoicelossonsomesortofinjurytoherbrain.Afterspendingthreeweeksinthehospital,EmilyEganwasstillunabletospeakandreliedonlyonbasicsignlanguageshe’dpickedupatworkandatext-to-speechapponherphonetocommunicate.AdoctorencouragedhertogoonavacationinThailandsheandherhusbandhadalreadybooked,andtotryandrelaxasmuchaspossible.Shedidjustthatandafewdaysintothevacation,shestartedtospeakagain."IwassothrilledwhenmyvoicestartedcomingbackbutnowIdon’tevendiscernthevoicethatcomesoutofmymouth.Itdoesn'tsoundlikeme,"Egansaid.Eversincehervoicecameback,she'stakentimeoffworkbecausestressonlymakesherconditionworse.WhathashappenedtoEmilysoundsshockinglysimilartothatofMichelleMyers,anArizonawomanwhonevertraveledoutsideofAmerica,butwokeuptospeakingwithmanyaccents-British,IrishandAustralian-afterexperiencingsevereheadaches.4.WhyisEmilyEganconsideredaRussianimmigrant?A.SheresemblesaRussianverymuch.BShespeaksRussianlikeanativespeaker.C.ShespeaksEnglishwithaRussianaccent.D.ShecanfreelyswitchbetweenEnglishandRussian.5.WhatresultedinEmily’sinabilitytospeak?A.Braininjury. B.Asuddenstroke.C.Long-termtiredness. D.Seriousheadaches.6.Theunderlinedword"discern"inparagraph4mostprobablymeans"".A.control B.ignore C.transform D.recognize7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutEmilyfromthetext?A.Shehasalreadyreturnedtowork.B.Hercaseisn'taloneintheworld.C.Shelearnedsignlanguageafterhervoiceloss.D.Hervoicereturnedafterthreeweeks'treatment.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。一名土生土长的英国女子突然失语，在医院治疗了几周后都没有任何效果，后来在医生的建议下，她和丈夫一起去泰国旅行。旅行途中，她的嗓音复原了，不过说话却带有浓重的东欧腔调。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段中的“…hearingherspeak,youcouldswearshe’saRussianimmigrant（移民）ortourist,becauseofherEasternEuropeanaccent.”可知，土生土长的英国女子艾米莉被人们认为是俄罗斯移民或游客是因为她说话带有浓重的东欧腔调。故选C。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段中的“blaminghervoicelossonsomesortofinjurytoherbrain”可知，艾米莉失语是因为脑部受损。故选A。【6题详解】词义揣测题。划线词所在句子“IwassothrilledwhenmyvoicestartedcomingbackbutnowIdon’tevendiscernthevoicethatcomesoutofmymouth.Itdoesn'tsoundlikeme,"Egansaid.Eversincehervoicecameback,she'stakentimeoffworkbecausestressonlymakesherconditionworse.”句意为“当我的声音复原时，我特别激烈，但现在我甚至不能________从我嘴里出来的声音。它听起来不像我的声音。”由此可以揣测，划线词最有可能意为“辨别；识别”。故选D。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据文章最终一段“WhathashappenedtoEmilysoundsshockinglysimilartothatofMichelleMyers,anArizonawomanwhonevertraveledoutsideofAmerica,butwokeuptospeakingwithmanyaccents-British,IrishandAustralian-afterexperiencingsevereheadaches.”可知，发生在艾米莉身上的事情听起来和米歇尔·迈尔斯的经验惊人的相像，米歇尔·迈尔斯是一位亚利桑那州的女士，她从未离开过美国，但是在经验了严峻的头痛之后，她发觉自己说话带有多种腔调——英国腔调、爱尔兰腔调和澳大利亚腔调。由此可以推断，艾米莉的状况并非个案。故选B。CArelativeofstarfishdoesn’thaveeyes,butcansillsee.ThatinformationcomesfromscientistswhostudiedseacreaturesinthecoralreefsoftheCaribbeanandGulfofMexico.Theresearchersreportedthismonththatthestarfish’srelative-calledtheredbrittlestarisonlythesecondcreatureknowntobeabletoseewithouthavingeyes.Thisabilityiscallextraocularvision(眼外视觉).Theothercreaturesaidtohaveextraocularvisionisakindofseaurchin.Brittlestars,withfivearmsextendingfromacentraldisk,arepartofagroupofsealifecalledechinoderms.Theyhaveanervoussystembutnobrain.Theredbrittlestarmeasuresuptoabout35centimeterswide,fromtheendofonearmtotheother.Itlivesinbrightandcomplexenvironments.Becauseofthepossibilityofbeingeatenbyfish,thecreaturehidesduringdaylighthours.Theredbrittlesstarpossessesextraocularvisionasaresultoflight-sensingcells,calledphotoreceptors.Thesephotoreceptorscoveritsbodyandchromatophores,thecellsresponsibleforcoloring.Duringthedaytime,thechromatophoresnarrowthefieldoflightbeingdetected,makingeachphotoreceptorslikethepixel(像素)ofacomputerimage.Whencombinedwithotherpixels,theimagebecomescomplete.Thevisualsystemdoesn’tworkatnight.Laboratoryexperimentssuggestedthatthebrittlestarshaveverysimplevision.Placedinacircularenvironment,forexample,theymovedtowardwallsthatwerewhitewithablackbar,suggestiveofaldaytimehidingplace.LaurenSumner-RooneyisaresearchfellowattheOxfordUniversityMuseumofNaturalHistory.Sheledthestudy.Shesaid,"It’ssuchadifferentconceptforus,asveryvisuallydrivenanimals,toimaginehowananimalmightseeitshabitatwithouteyes,butnowweknowoftwoexamples."8.What’sresearchers’newfindingabouttheredbrittlestar?A.Itisarelativeofstarfish. B.Itlivesinthecoralreefs.C.Ithasaveryrareability. D.Itisaseacreature.9.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingparagraph3?A.Togive:reasonswhythebrittlestarhasnobrain.B.Tomakeageneralintroductionofthebrittlestar.C.Tostresstherolethebrittlestarplaysinthesea.D.Toexplainwhythebrittlestarkeepsauniquelifestyle.10.Accordingtothetext,photoreceptors.A.spreadonthesurfaceoftheredbrittlestarB.functionnormallyeveninthenighttimeC.controlthefieldoflightbeingdetectedD.serveascellsresponsibleforcoloring11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?AHowSeaCreatureFindsItsHabitatUnderwater B.HowSeaCreature’sVisualSystemWorksC.SeaCreatureFindsNewHabitat D.SeaCreatureSeesWithoutEyes【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家们发觉的其次种没有眼睛但却能看清晰东西的海洋生物蛇尾海星的相关信息。【8题详解】推理推断题。依据文章其次段“Theresearchersreportedthismonththatthestarfish’srelative-calledtheredbrittlestarisonlythesecondcreatureknowntobeabletoseewithouthavingeyes.(探讨人员本月报告说，海星的近亲红蛇尾海星是已知的其次种不用眼睛就能看到东西的生物。)”可知，探讨人员关于红蛇尾海星的新发觉是它有着不用眼睛就能望见东西的实力，因此C选项“Ithasaveryrareability.(它有罕见的实力)”符合推想。故选C项。【9题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第三段“Brittlestars,withfivearmsextendingfromacentraldisk,arepartofagroupofsealifecalledechinoderms.Theyhaveanervoussystembutnobrain.Theredbrittlestarmeasuresuptoabout35centimeterswide,fromtheendofonearmtotheother.Itlivesinbrightandcomplexenvironments.Becauseofthepossibilityofbeingeatenbyfish,thecreaturehidesduringdaylighthours.(蛇尾海星有五条臂从中心盘延长出来，是一群叫棘皮类动物的海洋生物中的一员。它们有神经系统，但没有大脑。红海蛇尾宽约35厘米，它生活在光明困难的环境中。因为有可能被鱼吃掉，这种生物会在白天躲起来。)”可推知，作者写作本段主要是为了介绍蛇尾海星的基本状况。因此，B项“Tomakeageneralintroductionofthebrittlestar.(对海蛇尾作一个一般性的介绍)”符合题意，故选B项。【10题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第四段中的“Theredbrittlestarpossessesextraocularvisionasaresultoflight-sensingcells,calledphotoreceptors.Thesephotoreceptorscoveritsbody.(红蛇尾海星拥有视外视觉，这是一种被称为光感受器的感光细胞的结果。这些光感受器覆盖着它的身体)”可知，红蛇尾海星的身体表面遍布光感受器，因此A选项“spreadonthesurfaceoftheredbrittlestar(红蛇尾海星的身体表面遍布光感受器)”符合题意，故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是依据文章第一段中的“Arelativeofstarfishdoesn’thaveeyes,butcanstillsee.(海星的近亲没有眼睛，但能望见。)”可知，本本文主要介绍了科学家们发觉的其次种没有眼睛但却能看清晰东西的海洋生物的相关信息。因此，本文的最好的标题是D选项“SeaCreatureSeesWithoutEyes(没有眼睛就能望见的海洋生物)”符合题意，故选D项。DAresearchteamledbyUCLAmaterialsscientistshasshownwaystomakesuperwhitepaintthatreflectsasmuchas98%ofincomingheatfromthesun.Theadvanceshowspracticalpathwaysfordesigningpaintsthat,ifusedonrooftopsandotherpartsofabuilding,couldgreatlyreducecoolingcosts,beyondwhatstandardwhitecool-roofpaintscanachieve.“WhenyouwearawhiteT-shirtonahotsunnyday,youfeelcoolerthanifyouwearonethat’sdarkerincolor—that’sbecausethewhiteshirtreflectsmoresunlightandit’sthesameconceptforbuildings,”saidAaswathRaman,aresearcherofthestudy.“Aroofpaintedwhitewillbecoolerinsidethanoneinadarkershadebyrejectingheatatinfrared(红外线的)wavelengths,whichwehumanscannotseewithoureyes.Thissuperwhitepaintcouldallowbuildingstocooldownevenmorebyradiative(辐射的)cooling.”Thebestperformingwhitepaintsnowavailabletypicallyreflectaround85%ofincomingsunheat.Theremainderisabsorbedbythechemicalmakeupofthepaint.Theresearchersshowedthatsimplechangesinapaint'singredientscouldofferabigjump,reflectingasmuchas98%ofincomingradiation.Thepotentialcoolingbenefitsthissuperwhitepaintcanachievemayberealizedinthenearfuturebecausethechangessuggestedarewithintheabilitiesofthepaintandcoatingsindustry.Manycitiesandgovernments,includingthestaleofCaliforniaandNewYorkCity,havestartedtoencouragecool-rooftechnologiesfornewbuildings.“Wehopethattheworkwillinspirefuturecreativityinsuper-whitecoatingsfornotonlyenergysavingsinbuildings,butalsolesseningtheheatislandeffectsofcities,andperhapsevenshowingapracticalwaythat,ifappliedglobally,couldaffectclimatechange,”saidRaman,whohasstudiedcoolingpainttechnologiesforseveralyears,“Thiswouldrequireexpertsindiversefieldstoworktogether.”12.What’sthefunctionofthesuperwhitepaint?A.Reflectingallthesunheat. B.Loweringbuildingcosts.C.Keepingbuildingscool. D.Absorbingheatquickly.13.HowdoesAaswathRamanexplaintheworkingprincipleofthepaint?A.Bytellingastory. B.Bylistingscientificdata.C.Byconductingallexperiment. D.Bymakingasimilarcomparison.14.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthesuperwhitepaintfromthetext?A.Itiscompletelychemicalfree. B.Itisstillunavailableinthemarket.C.Itsingredientsstillneedimproving. D.Iseffectshavebeengreatlyimproved.15.WhatdoRaman’swordsinthelastparagraphimplyaboutthework?A.Hehashighexpectationsofit. B.Heurgesgreaterattentiontoit.C.Hebelievesitcanstopclimatechange. D.Hethinksit’seasytocarryoutworldwide.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。由加州高校洛杉矶分校的材料科学家们领导的一个探讨小组已经展示了制造超白涂料的方法，这种涂料能够反射多达98%的来自太阳的热量，假如在屋顶和建筑物的其他部分运用，可以大大降低降温成本。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段内容“AresearchteamledbyUCLAmaterialsscientistshasshownwaystomakesuperwhitepaintthatreflectsasmuchas98%ofincomingheatfromthesun.Theadvanceshowspracticalpathwaysfordesigningpaintsthat,ifusedonrooftopsandotherpartsofabuilding,couldgreatlyreducecoolingcosts,beyondwhatstandardwhitecool-roofpaintscanachieve.(由加州高校洛杉矶分校材料科学家领导的一个探讨小组展示了制造超级白色涂料的方法，这种涂料能反射98%的来自太阳的热量。这项进展为设计油漆供应了好用的途径，假如将其用于屋顶和建筑物的其他部分，就可以大大降低冷却成本，这远远超过了标准的白色冷却屋顶油漆所能达到的效果)”可知，这种超白涂料可以让建筑物保持凉爽。故选C。【13题详解】推理推断题。通读文章其次段尤其是依据本段中的“WhenyouwearawhiteT-shirtonahotsunnyday,youfeelcoolerthanifyouwearonethat’sdarkerincolor—that’sbecausethewhiteshirtreflectsmoresunlightandit’sthesameconceptforbuildings(当你在燥热的阳光下穿白色t恤时，你会比穿深色t恤感觉更凉快——这是因为白色t恤反射更多的阳光，建筑也是如此)”可推知，AaswathRaman是以把超白涂料和白衬衫作类比的方式说明超白涂料的工作原理的。故选D。14题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第三段中的“Thepotentialcoolingbenefitsthissuperwhitepaintcanachievemayberealizedinthenearfuturebecausethechangessuggestedarewithintheabilitiesofthepaintandcoatingsindustry.(这种超级白漆的冷却效果可能在不久的将来就会实现，因为所建议的变更在油漆和涂料工业的实力范围内)”可推知，这种超白涂料在市场上目前还买不到。故选B。【15题详解】推理推断题。依据文章最终一段中Raman所说的“Wehopethattheworkwillinspirefuturecreativityinsuper-whitecoatingsfornotonlyenergysavingsinbuildings,butalsolesseningtheheatislandeffectsofcities,andperhapsevenshowingapracticalwaythat,ifappliedglobally,couldaffectclimatechange(我们希望这项工作能激发对将来超白涂料的创建力，这种涂料不仅可以节约建筑物的能源，还可以减轻城市的热岛效应，假如应用到全球，甚至还可能供应一种好用的方法来影响气候变更)”可推知，Raman对于这种这项工作抱有很高的期望。故选A。其次节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Agoodteachercanmakeaworldofdifferenceinastudent’slife,influencingeverythingfromtheirclassroomlearningtotheirlong-termsuccess.____16____Herearesomeofthequalitiesthatgoodteachershaveincommon.____17____Whenitcomestoeffectiveteaching,strongcommunicationskillsareamust.Bycommunicatingwithstudentsatthebeginningoftheyear,ateachercanhelpstudentsbeabletoapproachthesubjectinamoreenjoyablewaythatbettersupportstheirlearning.Goodteacherslistenwell.Teachersthatareskilledinlisteningandobservingoftenpickuponwhatisn'tbeingsaid,suchasanyanxietyastudentmayhave,andcanthenhelpthestudentbuildtheirskillsandconfidencelevels.Effectivelisteningskillsalsohelpateacherbetterunderstandtheirstudents.____18____Goodteachersareadaptable.____19____Andtheymustadjusttheirteachingmethodsbasedontheageoftheirstudents,theresourcesavailableandchangingcurriculumandpractices.Goodteachersarelifelonglearners.Continuingtoexpandyourownknowledgeiskeytoexpandingthatofyourstudents.Goodteachersaredevotedtotheirsubjectswithagreatdesireforlearning.____20____It’simportantforteacherstoneverfeelasthoughthey'velearneditall,andtoremainopentonewexperiences.A.Sowhatmakesagoodteacher?B.Goodteachersknowtheirlearners.C.Goodteachersarestrongcommunicators.D.Theyalsoneedtohaveadesiretopassonthatknowledge.E.Thestudentscancreateagreatlearningenvironmentnomatterwhatcomes.F.Goodteachersneedbeabletoworkinaconstantlychangingenvironment.G.Thiswillopenadoorforthestudentstoreceiveandlearnthecoursebeingtaught.【答案】16.A17.C18.G19.F20.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些品质优秀老师的共同点。【16题详解】依据上文“Agoodteachercanmakeaworldofdifferenceinastudent’slife,influencingeverythingfromtheirclassroomlearningtotheirlong-termsuccess.”（一个好老师可以变更学生的生活，影响从课堂学习到长期胜利的一切。）和下文“Herearesomeofthequalitiesthatgoodteachershaveincommon.”（这里有一些品质优秀老师的共同点。）可知，设空处应当提到怎样做一名优秀的老师。A项：“Sowhatmakesagoodteacher?”（那么怎样才能成为一名好老师呢？）符合语境。故选A。【17题详解】设空处为段落主题句。下文“Whenitcomestoeffectiveleaching,strongcommunicationskillsareamust.”（当谈到有效的教学时，强大的沟通技巧是必需的。）对主题句有说明说明作用，本段的主题与沟通有关。C项：“Goodteachersarestrongcommunicators.”（好的老师擅长沟通。）符合语境。故选C。【18题详解】依据上文“Effectivelisteningskillsalsohelpateacherbetterunderstandtheirstudents.”（有效的听力技巧也能帮助老师更好地理解学生。）可知，本段主要是在讲有效的听力技巧带来的好处。G项：“Thiswillopenadoorforthestudentstoreceiveandlearnthecoursebeingtaught.”（这将为学生们打开一扇门来接受和学习所教授的课程。）符合语境。故选G。【19题详解】本段的主题句是“Goodteachersareadaptable.”（好老师是有适应力的。），设空处说明说明主题句，应当与老师的适应实力相关。F项：“Goodteachersneedbeabletoworkinaconstantlychangingenvironment.”（好的老师须要能够在不断变更的环境中工作。）符合语境。故选F。【20题详解】依据上文“Continuingtoexpandyourownknowledgeiskeytoexpandingthatofyourstudents.Goodteachersaredevotedtotheirsubjectswithagreatdesireforlearning.”（不断扩展自己的学问是扩展学生学问的关键。好老师以极大的求知欲献身于他们的学科。）可知，设空处学问和学习相关。D项：“Theyalsoneedtohaveadesiretopassonthatknowledge.”（他们还须要有传递学问的愿望。）符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言学问运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Iwasonjury(陪审团)dutyindowntownPittsburghanddecidedtotakeawalkduringourone-hourlunchbreak.AsIwaswalking,Inoticedanelderlyladyholdingupa(n)____21____,whichsaid:“Willworkfor$,tryingtogethome.”I____22____puttingseveraldollarsinherbox,butallIhadwasatwenty-dollarbillI____23____touseforgroceriesonmywayhome.____24____,Ididn’twanttopartwithit.SoIstartedtowalkaway,buteventuallyI____25____.Istarteda___26___withher.HernamewasKatie,andshewas____27____.She’dbeenadishwasher,butlostherjoband____28____onthestreet.ShewantedtogotoColoradoSpringswhereshehadrelatives.Shewasn’thavingmuch____29____withhersignanddonations.Ireallywantedto_____30_____her,butIhadonlyaboutforty-fiveminutestoreturntothecourtroom.ThenImadeupmymind.ItoldherI’d_____31_____hertotheGreyhoundstation,eventhoughitwasafifteen-minutewalk.Ilookedagaininmy_____32_____,andthetwenty-dollarbillstaredatme.ThenInoticedanoldcreditcardIhadn’t____33____foroverayear.Ididn’tthinkitwouldwork.ButIdecidedtogiveita(n)_____34_____whenwepassedanATM。Tomygreat_____35_____,themoneycameout.OnreachingtheGreyhoundstation,IboughtKatiea_____36_____andgavehertherestofthemoneyforfood.Shewasso_____37_____thatshehuggedmetightlybeforeIwavedgoodbye.Iranbacktothecourtroomandfeltgreat_____38_____thatImadeitjustintime.Whatmadememore_____39_____wasthattherestofthedaywentsmoothly.Justasasayinggoes,“Helpingothersis_____40_____helpingourselves”.21.A.letter B.sign C.article D.invitation22.A.gaveup B.setabout C.insistedon D.thoughtof23.A.intended B.offered C.promised D.remembered24.A.Strangely B.Unwillingly C.Selfishly D.Ridiculously25.A.kepton B.turnedback C.lookedup D.gotthrough26.A.conversation B.discussion C.negotiation D.compromise27.A.hopeless B.fearless C.speechless D.homeless28.A.fellover B.brokedown C.endedup D.settleddown29.A.luck B.patience C.courage D.experience30.A.save B.help C.believe. D.please31.A.attract B.drive C.recommend D.accompany32.A.car B.wallet C.suitcase D.parcel33.A.seen B.charged C.used D.repaid34.A.try B.name C.honor D.award35.A.pride B.credit C.puzzle D.surprise36.A.ticket B.lunch C.souvenir D.drink37.A.generous B.friendly C.grateful D.outgoing38.A.duty B.relief C.challenge D.reward39.A.energetic B.optimistic C.touched D.delighted40.A.properly B.personally C.actually D.especially【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.A27.D28.C29.A30.B31.D32.B33.C34.A35.D36.A37.C38.B39.D40.C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在一次午餐间隙漫步时偶遇一名在街上求助的失业且无家可归的女士，后来作者送这位女士去了车站，不但帮她买了车票，还把剩余的钱都给了她。作者通过自身的经验想要告知我们：帮助他人事实上就是在帮助自己。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我走着的时候，我留意到一位老妇人举着一个标牌，上面写着：“将为美元工作，想回家。”A.letter信；B.sign标牌；C.article论文；D.invitation请柬。依据句中“whichsaid:"Willworkfor$,tryingtogethome”可知，老妇人手里举着的是标牌(sign)。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想把几美元放进她的盒子里，但我只有一张20美元的钞票，我准备在回家的路上用来买食品。A.gaveup放弃；B.setabout动身；C.insistedon坚持；D.thoughtof想，考虑。依据句中“butallIhadwasatwenty-dollarbillI_3__touseforgroceriesonmywayhome.”可知，作者剩20美元准备买食品的，因此，作者当时只是想（thoughtof）给这个老妇人几美元，并没有给。因此选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想把几美元放进她的盒子里，但我只有一张20美元的钞票，我准备在回家的路上用来买食品。A.intended准备；B.offered供应；C.promised承诺；D.remembered记住。依据句中“touseforgroceriesonmywayhome.”可知，作者准备（intended）用这20美元去食品杂货店买食品的，故选A项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很自私，不想放弃这20美元。A.Strangely惊奇地；B.Unwillingly不情愿地；C.Selfishly自私地；D.Ridiculously可笑地。依据“Ididn’twanttopartwithit.”可知，作者不想把钱给这位举牌求助的老妇人，但是又觉得这样做很自私。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我起先走开，但最终又返回来了。A.kepton坚持；B.turnedback返回；C.lookedup查；D.gotthrough度过。依据下文“Istarteda___6___withher.HernamewasKatie”可知，作者返回来（turnedhack）想了解状况并进一步帮助老妇人。故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我起先和她谈话。A.conversation谈话，闲聊；B.discussion探讨；C.negotiation谈判；D.compromise妥协。依据下文“HernamewasKatie,andshewas____7____.She'dbeenadishwasher,butlostherjoband____8____onthestreet.”可知，作者通过与老人谈话（conversation）得知她叫凯蒂，以前是个洗碗工，但现在失业了，流落街头。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她叫凯蒂，无家可归。A.hopeless没有希望的；B.fearless无畏的；C.speech