全国职称英语等级考试样题(综合类)

全国职称英语等级考试样题(综合类) -论坛登录- 第一部分阅读理解(75分)

第一篇Hercules

OnceuponatimetherewasagreatGreekhero,Hercules.Hewastallerandstrongerthananyoneyouhaveeverseen.Onhisshoulderhecarriedaclubandinhishandheheldabow.Hewasknownastheheroofahundredadventures.

Herculesservedaking.Thekingwasafraidofhim.Soagainandagainhesenthimondifficulttasks.OnemorningthekingsentforhimandtoldhimtofetchthreegoldenapplesforhimfromthegardenoftheSingingMaidens(歌女).Butnooneknewwherethegardenwas.

SoHerculeswentaway.Hewalkedthewholedayandtherestdayandthenext.Hewalkedformonthsbeforehesawmountainsfarinthedistanceonefinemorning.Oneofthemountainswasintheshapeofaman,withlong,longlegsandarmsandhugeshouldersandabugshead.Hewasboldingupthesky.HerculesknewitwasAtlas,theMountainGod.Soheaskedhimforhelp.

Atlasanswered,"Myheadandarmsandshouldersallache.CouldyouholduptheskywhileIfetchthegoldenapplesforyou?"

Herculesclimbedthemountainandshoulderedthesky.Soontheskygrewveryheavy.WhenfinallyAtlascamebackwiththreegoldenapples,hesaid,"Well,youaregoingtocarrythemountainforever.I'mgoingtoseethekingwiththeapples."Herculesknewthathecouldn'tfighthimbecauseoftheskyonhisback.Soheshouted:

"Justoneminute'shelp.Myshouldersarehurting.HoldtheskyforaminutewhileImakeacushion(垫子)formyshoulders."

Atlasbelievedhim.Hethrewdowntheapplesandhelpupthesky.

Herculespickeduptheapplesandranbacktoseetheking.

1.WhatdoyouknowaboutHerculesaccordingtothefirstparagraph?

○A.HewasaGreekhero.

○B.Hewasaking.

○C.HewastheMountainGod.

○D.Hewasamanofadventures.

2.Herculeswasgivenmanydifficulttasksbecause__________.

○A.hewasthestrongestman.

○B.thekingwantedtogetridofhim.

○C.thekingwantedtotesthisstrength.

○D.thosetaskshadtobedoneanyway

3.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAtlasaccordingtothetext?

○A.Helookedlikeamountain.

○B.Hewasamanwithbugshouldersandarms.

○C.Hewasamanwithlonglegsandahugehead.

○D.Hewasthegiantwhobledupthesky.

4.AtlasgotthegoldenapplesforHerculesbecause__________.

○A.hewantedtohelpHercules

○B.hewasafraidofHercules.

○C.hedidnotwanttoholdtheskyanymore.

○D.hewantedtobethekinghimself

5.Herculesfinallymanagedtogettheapples___________.

○A.byfoolingAtlas

○B.bydefeatingAtlas

○C.becauseheranfasterthanAtlas

○D.becauseAtlasthrewdowntheapples

第二篇Tokyo

Tokyoisoneofthoseplacesthatyoucanloveandhateatthesametime.

InTokyotherearealwaystoomanypeopleintheplaceswhereIwanttobe.Ofcoursetherearetoomanycars.TheJapanesedriveveryfastwhentheycan.ButinTokyotheyoftenspendalongtimeintrafficjams.Tokyoisnotdifferentwhenonewantstowalk.

AtcertaintimesofthedaytherearealotofpeopleonfootinLondon'sOxfordStreet.ButthestreetsnearGinzainTokyoalwayshavealotofpeopleonfoot,andsometimesitisreallydifficulttowalk.Peopleareverypolite;therearejusttoomanyofthem.

Theworsttimetobeinthestreetisat11:30atnight.Thatiswhenthenight-clubsareclosingandeverybodywantstogohome.Thereare35,000night-clubsinTokyo,andyoudonotoftenseeonethatisempty.

Mtoandfromworkbytrain.Tliontrainticketseveryday.Atmoststations,trainsarriveeverytwoorthreeminutes,butatcertainhourstheredonotseemtobeenoughtrains.Althoughtheyareusuallycrowded,Japanesetrainsareverygood.Theyalwaysleaveandarriveontime.OnaLondontrainyouwouldseeeverybodyreadinganewspaper.InTokyotrainseverybodyinaseatseemstobeasleep,whetherhisjourneyislongorshort.

InTokyo,Istoodoutsidethestationforfiveminutes.Threefire-enginesracedpastonthewaytooneofthemanyfiresthatTokyohaseveryday.Tokyohassomanysurprisesthatnoneofthemcanreallysurprisemenow.instead,Iamsurprisedatmyself:Imustgotherenextyearonbusiness.IknowIhatetheovercrowdedcity.ButIfeellikeamanwhoisreturningtohislong-lostlove.

6.TokyoisdifferentfromLondoninthat____________.

○A.ithasasmallerpopulation

○B.ernationalcity

○C.itismoredifficulttogosomewhereonfootinTokyo

○D.itspeoplearefriendlierandmorepolite.

7.Wothestreet?

○A.Whenthenight-clubsareclosing.

○B.At8o'clockinthemorning.

○C.Whenthetrainisovercrowded.

○D.At11:30a.m.

8.WhatdoesthewritersayaboutJapanesetrains?

○A.Tfortable.

○B.Therearenotenoughtrains.

○C.Theyoftenrunbehindschedule.

○D.Theyleaveandarriveattherighttime.

9.Fromthewriter'sobservation,wecanseethatfiresbreakoutinTokyo_______.

○A.occasionally.

○B.quitefrequently

○C.notveryoften

○D.twiceaday

10.ThewriterhatesTokyomainlybecausethecity_________.

○A.isdirtyandthepeopleareimpolite

○B.hasbeenseriouslypolluted

○C.iscrowdedandnoisy

○D.isnotmodernenough

第三篇TheChildWitness

Goingtocourtcanbefrightening,especiallyifyouareachild.Youmayhavetostandupinthewitness(证人)box,andswear(发誓)totellthetruthandanswerquestionsisfrontofacrowdofadults.Itwouldbeevenmorefrighteningifyouwerethevictimofacrimeandyouhadtositinthesamecourtroom(法庭)asthepersonaccusedofattackingyou,forinstance.

SothelawinBritainhasmadeiteasierforchildrentoactaswitnesses.Childrenareallowedtotellwhattheyknow,fromanotherroominthesamecourthouse.Thiswaytheydonothavetofaceallthosepeopleinthecourtroom.

Itworksonaclosed-circuit(闭路的)televisionlink,whichmeansthattheTVonlyoperatesinsidethecourt.ThechildwitnesssitsinaroomwithasocialworkerinfrontofaTVcamera.EveryoneinthecourtroomcanseethechildonaTVscreen,butthechildcanonlyseethejudgeandthelawyerswhowillaskhimorherquestions.Thesystemhasbeensosuccessfulthatiswillbeextendedtomorecourtsthisyear.

Anotherwaytomakeiteasyforachildtoactawitnessistosetupascreenisthecourtroomaroundthewitnessboxsothatthechildcannotseethedefendant(被告).

Informationgivenbychildrencanbeveryimportanttoacourttrial(审判),butbefore1988thelawdidnotreallyrecognizesthatchildrentoldthetruth.Itstatedthatanythingachildsaidincourthadtobesupportedbyotherevidenceinthecase.

11.Achildwitness,ifhewerethevictimofthecrime,wouldbefrightenedmostby____________.

○A.allthequestionshehadtoanswer

○B.thecrowdofadultshehadtoface

○C.thejudgeandthelawyers

○D.thepersonaccusedofattackinghim

12.Themostimportantpointofthenewsystemthatmadethingseasierforachildwitnessisthat______________.

○A.hedoesnotseethedefendant

○B.hespeaksinfrontofaTVcamera

○C.heisinanotherroomisthesamecourthouse

○D.everyoneinthecourtroomcanseethechild

13.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthenewsystemaccordingtothethirdparagraph?

○A.Notverygood.

○B.Verysuccessful.

○C.Justanexperiment.

○D.Hardlyacceptable.

14.Hasthelawalwaysrecognizedtheimportanceofchildren'rmationincourt?

○A.No.

○B.Yes.

○C.Notuntil1988.

○D.Before1988,yes.

15.Theword"case"inthelastparagraphmeans__________.

○A.aparticularsituation

○B.aparticularincident

○C.atrial

○D.abox

第二部分完成句子(25分)

根据短文内容完成句子，每个空格只能填一个单词。有的单词第一个字母已经给出，请将其余字母补全。

TelevisionistheUSA

Thirty-fourpercentoftheworld'stelevisionsetsareintheUSA.ButitisnotfairthatsomeforeignershaveconcludedthatAmericahasaTVculture.StillitistruethatAmericanTVhasgreatpowerandcanmakeorbreakwell-knownpeopleinfrontofthecamera.Thereareathousandstationsinthe50states,andinmostplacesthereisachoiceoffiveorsixchannels.Tworks(NationalBroadcastingCompany,ColumbiaBroadcastingSystemandtheAmericanBroadcastingCompany)introducealotofnewshowsofeverykind.Thosedramas,soapoperas,talkshows,newsshows,andsportshowswhicharesuccessful,arerelayed(转播)throughoutAmericaandareoftensoldabroad.Roots,bytheblackwriterAlesHaley,forexample,wassoldallovertheworld.

NearlyallTVintheUSAmercial,erruptedeveryquarterofanhourorsoforadvertisements.Thesebreaksmakepeopleupset,especiallyduringsomeexcitingactioninagoodfilm.However,gramsonTVduce.

Tmercialbreaks.ProgramsonthischannelarerunbythePublicBroadcastingService(PBS)andcanbeseenallovertheUSA.AlthoughthePBSernment,grams.Tgramsoneverydayaffairs,music,thearts,aswellasseriousdiscussionsonalkindsoftopics.Spaniesorinstitutions,gram.

16.TheconclusionmadebysomeforeignersthatAmericahasatelevisioncultureisnotf.

17.AroducedbytheleadingnintheUSA.

18.ThereisjustonecwithoutbreaksforadvertisementsintheUSA.

19.WhilepeoplearewatchingTVprograms,breaksforadvertisementscanmakethemw.

20.Agrams,gramsinanyway.

第三部分阅读理解(80分)

第一篇HowtoFindtheBestBookReviews

Normally,youwillwantthesourcesforapapertobethebestonespossible.Sincethereisagreatdealofmaterialavailableonmostsubjects,youdon'twanttowasteyourtimereadinganinaccurateorsuperficialbook.Itissometimeswise,therefore,tofirstevaluateabookforaccuracyandthoroughness.Ifyouareunfamiliarwiththesubjectofexecutivepower,forexample,youmaywonderwhetherornotthebookPresidentandCongress;PowerandPolice,byL.Fisher(1972),rmation.Theessayistwaytofinditoutistoreadsomereviewsofthebook.

Bookreviewsappearinalmosteverynewspaperandmagazine.Toquicklyfindthereviewsyouwant,useareferencebooksuchasBookReviewDigest.Beginningin1905,pile(编辑)bookreviewsfromaboutseventh-fiveperiodicals(期刊)andnewspapersandneedtoknowtwothingstousethistool:theyearthebookwaspublishedandthecorrectspellingoftheauthor'.

Areferencebookwithslightlybroadercoverage(覆盖面)isBookReviewIndex(1966-).Init,however,summariesofthereviewsarenotincluded.Anewcomer,CurrentBookReviewCitations(引证),isevenbetterforbookspublishedfrom1976on,sinceitindexesthebookreviewsthatarelistedinmanymajorperiodicals,indexes.Onecaution(警告)whensearchingforreviewsinthis:ifyoudon'tfindoneundertheyearabookwaspublished,lookatthefollowingyearoryears.Reviewslikecollegestudents,sometimesfallbehindintheirwritingschedules.

21.Itisnecessarytoreadreviewsbecauseyouwantto___________.

○A.knoweverythingaboutabook

○B.rmation

○C.knowifthebookistooeasyorhard

○D.finetheauthor'cationalbackground.

22.wherecanyouveryquicklyfindthebookreviewsyouwant?

○A.Innewspapers.

○B.Inmagazines.

○C.InBookReviewDigest.

○D.Innewspapersupplements.

23.IFyouwanttofindreviewsonabookpublishedin1920,whichofthefollowingwillyougoto?

○A.BookReviewDigest.

○B.BookReviewIndex.

○C.CurrentBookReviewCitations.

○D.BothAandB.

24.Irmationofreviewsonarecentbook,whichofthefollowingdoyougoto?

○A.BookReviewDigest.

○B.BookReviewIndex.

○C.BothAandB.

○D.CurrentBookReviewCitations.

25.ThelastsentenceofthispassageimpliesthatcollegestudentsintheWest______.

○A.oftenhandintheirwrittenworklate.

○B.donotlikemakingplans.

○C.alwaysfinishtheirhomeworkontime.

○D.usuallyfollowschedules.

第二篇CoalMining

Englandwasagoodplaceforcoal.Neartheseacoastcoalwasoftenwashedoutofthegroundontothebeaches.Womenandchildrengatheredittoheathomescheaply.Butthenobleclasspeopleoncerefusedtoallowcookingovercoalfires.Theybelievedcoalsmokewaspoisonous.

TheDutch(荷兰人)toowereminingcoalin1113.Butastheydugtheirminesdeeperanddeeper,theopenflamesofoillampsoftencausedthegasesintheminestoexplode.Itwasnotuntil1815thatasafetylampwasinvented.SirHumphreyDavyinventedalampinsideacovering.Thecoveringcooledthegasesenoughtopreventthemfromexploding.Andtheflameinsidethelampburnedbluewhengaswaspresent.Tbininglightingwithsafety.

Thencameanewimportantdevelopment.JamesWatt'ssteamenginegavehumanbeingsmorepowerthananyonehadeverbeforeimagined.By1760coalwasbeingusedinthesteamengineandthedemandforcoalincreased.Buthumanlaborwasstilltheonlypowerformining.Moreworkerswereneeded.Sickmen,oldmen,andchildrenwereallsenttoworkinthemines.Coal!Morecoal!Workthemalltodeath,ducethecoal!

Today,mechanicaldeviceshavereplacedmuchofthehardmuscleworkintheminer'sjob.Horockwherecoalistobefound.Tocarsorontoconveyorbeles(传送带).Hugemachinesliftthecoal,at12,000poundsaminute,es.Tominersahundredyearsago,allthiswouldhaveseemedlikeakindofminer'sheaven!

26.ItwaseasyforwomenandchildrentogathercoalinEnglandbecause_________.

○A.theylivednearthecoalmine

○B.coalwaswashedontotheground

○C.richpeoplerefusedtousecoal

○D.Englandwasrichincoal

27.Howcanminersknowwhetherthereisthedangerofgasexplosionornot?

○A.Fromthesmellofgasesaroundthem.

○B.Fromthepressureofgasesinsidethemine.

○C.Fromthecoloroftheflameinsidethelamp.

○D.Fromtheheightoftheflameinsidethelamp.

28.Accordingtothepassage,theinventionofthesteamengineledto_______.

○A.anincreasingdemandforcoal

○B.lesshumanlaborformining

○C.muchmoreworkforpeopletodo

○D.theuseofmechanicaldevicesinmining.

29.Werpretationof"workthemtodeath,ducethecoal"inthe3rdparagraph?

○A.Cducedevenifmanyminerswoulddieofworkingovertime.

○B.Mduceenoughcoal.

○C.Minersweremadetoworktilltheydied.

○D.Educethecoal.

30.Thelastparagraphofthispassagesaysthat_________.

○A.humanlaborisnolongerneededincoalmining

○B.duction

○C.

○D.coalminestodayhavebecomeminers'paradise

第四部分概括大意(20分)

给下面一篇文章的每一段概括大意。每一段的主题用一个或几个单词表示，空出的词已给出了第一个字母，请把其余字母补全。

31.RofWomen

Women'srightsareguaranteesofpolitical,social,andeconomicequalityforwomeninasocietythattraditionallygivesmorepowerandfreedomtomen.Aperty,cationandemployment,rightofvoting,andfreedomofmarriage.Today,completepolitical,economic,andsocialequalitywithmenremainstobeachieved.

32.TraditionalStaofWomen

Malecontrolwasobviousfromthetimeoftheearliestwrittenhistoricalrecords,probableasaresultofmen'sroleinhuntingandwarfare.Thebeliefthatwomenwerenaturallyweakerandinferiortomenwasalsofoundingod-centeredreligions.Therefore,inmosttraditionalsocieties,womengenerallywereatadisadvantage.Awomanhadnolegalcontroloverherperson,herownlandandmoney,orherchildren.

33.SofWomen'sRightsMovement

TheAgeofEnlightenment(启蒙时期)andtheIndustrialRevolution,gress,providedafavorableclimatefortheriseofwomen'srightsmovementinthelate18thandthe19thcentury.In1848morethan100personsheldthefirstwomen'srightsconventioninNewYork,andthefeminists(女权主义者)demandedequalrights,includingthevote.

34.Dev

Inthelate1960swomenmadeupabout40percentoftheworkforceinEngland,France,Germany,andtheUntiedStates.Thisfigurerosetomorethan50percentbythemid-1980s.AcommissionunderthePresidentwasestablishedin1960toconsiderequalopportunitiesforwomen.ActsofCcation,employment,andlegalrights.In1964theCivilRightsAct,endedonlyforblack,wasextendedtowomen.

35.Go

Theobjectivesofthewomen'smovementincludedequalpayforequalwork,federalsupportforday-carecentres,recognitionoflesbian(女同性恋者)rights,makingabortion(堕胎)legal,blemsofforcedsexrelations,wifeandchildbeating,anddiscriminationagainstolderandminoritywomen.

第五部分阅读理解(120分)

第一篇PhysiciansintheUSA

Self-employedprivatephysicianswhochargeafeeforeachpatientvisitarethefoundationofmedicalpracticeintheUnitedStates.Mmunity.Theysendtheirpatientstothishospital,whichusuallychargespatientsthattheyuse.Somehospitalsbelongtoacity,astateor,inthecaseofveterans'hospitals,ernmentagency.Othersareoperatedbyreligiousorders(教堂)orothernon-profitgroups.

Somemedicaldoctorsareonsalary.Salariedphysiciansmayworkashospitalstaffmembers,orresidents,whoareoftenstillintraining.Theymayteachinmedicalschools,ernment'sPublicHealthService.

PfessionalsintheUnitedStates.Inthe1980s,itwasnotuncommonformedicaldoctorstoearnincomesofmorethan$100,000ayear.Specialists,particularlysurgeons,mightearnseveraltimesthatamount.Physicianslistmanyreasonswhytheydeservetobesowellrewardedfortheirwork.OnereasonisthelongandexpensivepreparationrequitedtobecomeaphysicianintheUnitedStates.Mostwould-bephysiciansfirstattendcollegeforfouryears,whichcancostnearly$20,000ayearatoneofthebestprivateinstitutions.Prospective(未来)physiciansthenattendmedicalschoolforfouryears.Tuitionalonecanexceed$10,000ayear.Bythetimetheyhaveobtainedtheirmedicaldegrees,manyyoungphysiciansaredeeplyindebt.Theystillfacethreetofiveyearsofresidency(实行阶段)inahospital,thefirstyearasanapprenticephysician.Thehoursarelongandtheypayinrelativelylow.

Settingupamedicalpracticeisexpensive,too.Sometimesseveralphysicianswilldecidetoestablishagrouppractice,sotheycansharetheexpenseofmaintaininganofficeandbuyingequipment.Thesephysiciansalsoofeachother'spatientsinemergencies.

Physiciansworklonghoursandmustacceptagreatdealofresponsibility.Mcedures,evenquiteroutineones,involverisk.Itisunderstandablethatphysicianswanttobewellrewardedformakingdecisionswhichcanmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.

36.Accordingtothepassage,itisveryunlikelythatanAmericanhospitalisownedby__________.

○A.achurch

○B.acorporation

○C.acity

○D.astate

37.Theexpensesforbecomingadoctorarespenton_________.

○A.schoolingandtraining

○B.practiceinahospital

○C.facilitiesheorsheuses.

○D.educationheorshereceives

38.Accordingtothepassage,howlongdoesittakeforawould-bephysiciantobecomeandindependentphysicianintheUSA?

○A.Aboutsevenyears.

○B.Eightyears.

○C.Tenyears.

○D.Abouttwelveyears.

39.Sometimesseveralphysicianssetupagroupmedicalpracticemainlybecause_______.

○A.theymayhavemorepatients

○B.theycantaketurnstoworklonghours

○C.facilitiesmaybeabigburdentoanindividual

○D.noonewantstoassumetoomuchresponsibility

40.Whichofthefollowingstatementscouldfullyexpresstheauthor'sviewtowardsphysicians'paymentintheUSA?

○A.Physicians'cationandthecharacteristicsoftheirworkmakethemwelldeservethehandsomepay

○B.Itisreasonableforphysicianstohavealargeincomebecausetheirworkisverydangerous.

○C.Physiciansshouldbebetterpaidbecausetheyworklonghoursunderbadconditions.

○D.Physiciansshouldergreatresponsibility,soitisunderstandablethattheyshouldbewellrewarded.

第二篇WaterPollutionandMan

Waterpollutionaffectsman'shealth,recreationaluseofwater,industrialofwaterandsenseofbeauty.

Thespreadofwater-carrieddiseaseisofgreatconcern.Inhighlydevelopedcountriesinparticular,emphasishasshiftedfromconcernoverbacterialdiseasetoconcernoverwater-carriedviral(病毒性的)disease.Viralhepatitis(肝炎),forexample,parativelyhighlevelsofwaterimpurity.Pblem.

Itisclearthatpoisonouschemicalsmustbeexcludedfromwater,butmoreandmorechemicalsfromnewpesticides,fertilizers,ductshavebeenfoundinwater.Sincethepublichealthsignificanceofthesechemicalsisnotyetfullyknown,theyareofincreasingconcern.Towatersuppliesfromgroundwaterpollution.

Asman'sdesireforwater-basedrecreationincreases,greaterdemandsareplacedonthequalityofwater.Thewatermustnotonlybeattractiveinappearancebutalsomeetcertainotherconditions.Sportssuchasswimminginvolvedirectcontactwithwater,andsowaterstandardsareraisedhigher.

Tendeduseoftowater.Tls,forexample,musthavealowerchloride(氯物)levelthanthatacceptedfordrinkingwater.Cparativelylowsanitaryquality.Alargepartofthewaterusedinthep