山东省多校2023-2024学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题

2024届高三开学摸底联考英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试时间为120分钟，满分150分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersdothisafternoon?A.Climbmountains.B.Finishaproject.C.Gobowling.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inalibrary.C.Inahotel.3.WhydidPeterhavetopayafine?A.Hewasspeeding.B.Hedrankanddrove.C.Heusedhisphonewhiledriving.4.Whatistheoriginalpriceoftheshoes?A.30dollars.B.60dollars.C.90dollars.5.Whodoestheboybuytheeyedropsfor?A.Hisfather.B.Hisbrother.C.Theboyhimself.第二节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答6、7题。6.Whoisprobablythewoman?A.Ateacher.B.Astudent.C.Atourguide.7.Whatdoesthewomanremindthemantodo?A.Havebreakfastontime.B.Gotoworkbybus.C.Getsomerest.听第7段材料，回答8、9题。8.WhatdoesthewomanplantodoonSaturday?A.Watchmovies.B.Holdaparty.C.Playputergames.9.WhowillLucyspendtheweekendwith?A.David.B.Hergrandparents.C.Thewoman.听第8段材料，回答10至12题。10.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutworkinginChina?A.It’sstrange.B.It’sunfortable.C.It’ssatisfactory.11.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Businesspartners.C.Familymembers.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomantryintheend?A.Pekingduck.B.Noodles.C.Dumplings.听第9段材料，回答13至16题。13.Howdidthewomanknowabouttheapartment?A.Fromanadvertisement.B.Fromtheformerrenter.C.Fromafriend.14.Whenwilltheapartmentbecleaned?A.Bytomorrowafternoon.B.Infivedays.C.Intendays.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheapartment?A.Itisn’tfurnished.B.It’sinneedofrepair.C.It’squiteconvenient.16.Whatmayannoythewoman?A.Walkingalongwaytobuythings.B.Someequipmentoftengoingwrong.C.Noisynextdoorneighbors.听第10段材料，回答17至20题。17.WhatisthepopulationofAustria?A.Almost2million.B.About5million.C.Nearly10million.18.Whoisthespeaker’sfavoritemusician?A.JosephHaydn.B.JohannesBrahms.C.FranzSchubert.19.WhatarethecoffeehousesinViennafamousfor?A.Coffeeandmusic.B.Coffeeanddesserts.C.Coffeeanddecoration.20.WhatisthespeakergoingtodiscussfirstaboutVienna?A.Itsfinearts.B.Itsmuseums.C.Itsballs.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABeginyourglobaljourneyAtUniversityofWisconsin(UW)EauClaire,you’llfindyourinvestmentpaysoffwellbeforeyougraduate.Becausehere,webelievethatyourjourneyisjustasimportantasyourdestination.Youwillhavemanyopportunitiestodevelop:frominternships(实习)toundergraduateresearchtoforeignculturalexperiences.Weseekstudentswhoarecurious,innovativeandpassionate.Ifthissoundslikeyou,submityourapplicationtojoinourbigfamily!AdmissionapplicationprocessTopleteanapplicationforadmission,submitthefollowing:1.Onlineapplication;2.$25USDapplicationfee;3.EvidenceofEnglishproficiency;4.Financialdocumentation;5.Academicrecords;6.Passportcopy.SubmitthesupportingdocumentslistedabovebyincludingthemwithyourUWEauClairespecificapplication.Youmayalsosubmitapplicationmaterialstoadmissions@uwee.edu.Payingforcollege20232024undergraduatestudentestimatedexpenses(ThenumbersbelowareinUSDperacademicyear):Tuitionandfees:$18,460Housingandmeals:$8,800Healthinsurance:$1,900ApplicationdeadlinesWeacceptapplicationsFebruary1June1foradmissiontheupingfallterm(September)andAugust1November1foradmissiontheupingspringterm(February).Wemustreceiveallofyourrequiredapplicationmaterialspriortothedeadline.Startapplyingearly!CheckyourapplicationstatusTocheckyourapplicationstatus,aswellasotherimportantstepsintheenrollmentprocess,youmustfirstactivateyourCampusAccount.TheinformationyouwillbeabletoaccessthroughyourCampusAccountincludesthefollowing:•Viewyouradmissiondecisioninrealtime;•Tracktheprogressofyourpletednextstepsafteradmission;•Payyourenrollmentfeeof$500;•SignupforOrientation(迎新会)whenyouarequalified.PleasenotethatofficialadmissiondecisionswillalwaysbesentviaUSMail.1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aglobaltraveljournal. B.Anundergraduatecourseplan.C.Awelespeechforfreshman. D.Acollegeapplicationguide.2.Whichistherighttimeforyoutoapplyfor2024springsemesteradmission?A.September10,2023. B.December1,2023.C.February9,2024. D.March16,2024.3.WhatcanyoudobyusingtheCampusAccount?A.Paythetuitionfees. B.Downloadofficialadmissionoffer.C.Submitapplicationdocuments. D.Knowaboutyourenrollmentprocess.【答案】1.D2.A3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了威斯康辛大学欧克莱尔分校的国际生申请情况。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“Weseekstudentswhoarecurious,innovativeandpassionate.Ifthissoundslikeyou,submityourapplicationtojoinourbigfamily!(我们寻求那些富有好奇心、创新和富有同情心的学生。如果这听起来像你，提交你的申请，加入我们的大家庭！)”和小标题“Admissionapplicationprocess(入学申请流程)”可知，文章是一篇学校申请指南。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Applicationdeadlines部分中的“WeacceptapplicationsFebruary1June1foradmissiontheupingfallterm(September)andAugust1November1foradmissiontheupingspringterm(February).(我们接受2月1日至6月1日申请即将到来的秋季学期（9月）和8月1日至11月1日申请即将到来的春季学期（2月）。)”可知，申请2024年春季学期录取的合适时间是2023年9月10日。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Checkyourapplicationstatus部分中的“Tocheckyourapplicationstatus,aswellasotherimportantstepsintheenrollmentprocess,youmustfirstactivateyourCampusAccount.(要查看您的申请状态以及注册过程中的其他重要步骤，您必须首先激活您的校园帐户。)”可知，使用校园账户可以了解注册过程。故选D。BRugiatuFavourKanu,a28yearoldAgriculturegraduatefromNjalaUniversity,wantstoleavethefutureoffarmingingoodhands.That’swhyshestartedherbusiness,SlayFarms,inSierraLeone(塞拉利昂).Onher10acresofland,Rugiatuworkswithotherwomenfarmerswhileteachingthemeverythingsheknowsaboutsustainableagriculture.Thisefforthasearnedherthenickname,“TheSlayFarmer.”SlayFarmsismorethanjustapany;it’salsoamunity.Bybuildinganetworkoffarmerswhosharetheirskills,Rugiatuhascreatedaspacewherewomenwithsharedgoalscanhelpeachother.Thefarmhostsavarietyoflearningeventstospreadinformationaboutthelatestsustainableagriculturaltechnology.Italsoconnectsfarmerswithawidermarketfortheirgoods.“Inacountrywhereagricultureisakeysectorandthemajorityofthepopulationisengagedinfarming,buildingrelationshipswithotherfarmerscanalsohelpyoungagribusinessentrepreneurs(企业家)understandthelocalcontext,includingthechallengesandopportunitiesthatexist,”shewroteinapostontheSlayFarmsFacebookpage.Shecontinued,“Iencourageyoungfarmerstoadoptnew,improvedmethodsoffarming,andIbelievebysupportingeachother,theycancreateamoresustainableagriculturalsectorinSierraLeone,contributingtothecountry’seconomicgrowthanddevelopment.”AccordingtoSwitSalone,RuciatualsoworksfortheSierraLeoneProduceMonitoringBoard.AsaQualityControlOfficer,shehelpstomakesurethatlocalfarmsareputtingoutthebestpossibleproducefordomesticandglobaldistribution.Ragiatu’scontributionstopromotingagriculturalinnovationandgivingotherwomenfarmersalegupintheindustryrecentlycanedhertheMandelaWashingtonFellowshipforYoungAfricanLeaders.ThisprogramhastakenhertoClarkAtlantaUniversityinAtlantaGeorgiaforacademicandleadershipcoursesthatshe’llbeabletoapplytoherworkbackhome.Plus,itwillaffordhernumerousnetworkingopportunitiestocontinuegrowingheragriculturalmunity!4.WhydidRugiatuestablishSlayFarms?A.Todoresearchonsustainableagriculture.B.Toimprovelocalfarmer’sfarmingability.C.Toearnthesupportofthelocalmunity.D.ToensurethefoodsafetyinSierraLeone.5.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3andparagraph4?A.SierraLeoneisadevelopedagriculturalnation.B.ForeignagribusinessfirmswillinvestmoreinSierraLeone.C.SierraLeoneisfacedwiththegreatestchallengeinagriculture.D.Rugiatu’sbusinessischangingthefutureofagricultureinSierraLeone.6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeRugiatu?A.Creativeandhumorous. B.Ambitiousandresponsible.C.Straightforwardbutfriendly. D.Determinedbutconservative.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?AAyoungAfricanfarmingleader. B.Aglobalagriculturalmunity.C.Anetworkofwomenfarmers. D.AprogramforAfricanfarmers.【答案】4.B5.D6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了塞拉利昂的农业毕业生RugiatuFavourKanu开办的农场SlayFarms及其对农业领域的贡献。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“RugiatuFavourKanu,a28yearoldAgriculturegraduatefromNjalaUniversity,wantstoleavethefutureoffarmingingoodhands.That’swhyshestartedherbusiness,SlayFarms,inSierraLeone(塞拉利昂).(28岁的RugiatuFavourKanu是Njala大学农业专业的毕业生，她希望把农业的未来交给好的人。这就是为什么她在塞拉利昂创办了自己的企业——SlayFarms)”以及本段中“Onher10acresofland,Rugiatuworkswithotherwomenfarmerswhileteachingthemeverythingsheknowsaboutsustainableagriculture.(在她的10英亩土地上，Rugiatu与其他女农民一起工作，同时向她们传授她所知道的关于可持续农业的一切知识)”可知，Rugiatu创办斯莱农场就是为了提高当地农民的耕种能力。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Inacountrywhereagricultureisakeysectorandthemajorityofthepopulationisengagedinfarming,buildingrelationshipswithotherfarmerscanalsohelpyoungagribusinessentrepreneurs(企业家)understandthelocalcontext,includingthechallengesandopportunitiesthatexist,(在一个农业是关键部门且大多数人口从事农业的国家，与其他农民建立关系也可以帮助年轻的农业企业企业家了解当地情况，包括存在的挑战和机遇)”以及第四段中“Iencourageyoungfarmerstoadoptnew,improvedmethodsoffarming,andIbelievebysupportingeachother,theycancreateamoresustainableagriculturalsectorinSierraLeone,contributingtothecountry’seconomicgrowthanddevelopment.(我鼓励年轻农民采用新的、改进的耕作方法，我相信通过相互支持，他们可以在塞拉利昂创造一个更可持续的农业部门，为国家的经济增长和发展做出贡献)”可知，根据第三段和第四段中Hugiatu所述，在塞拉利昂，农业是重要行业，大多数人口从事农业，与其他农民建立联系是相信他们可以帮助年轻的农业企业家了解当地的情况。她鼓励年轻农民采用新的、改良的耕作模式并相信他们可以在塞拉利昂创建一种更可持续的农业，为该国的经济增长和发展做出贡献。由此推知，Rugiatu的事业正在改变塞拉利昂农业的未来。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章首段中“Onher10acresofland,Rugiatuworkswithotherwomenfarmerswhileteachingthemeverythingsheknowsaboutsustainableagriculture.(在她的10英亩土地上，Rugiatu与其他女农民一起工作，同时向她们传授她所知道的关于可持续农业的一切知识)”可知，Rugiutu创办该农场帮助提高了当地妇女的耕种能力；同时根据第五段中“AsaQualityControlOfficer,shehelpstomakesurethatlocalfarmsareputtingoutthebestpossibleproducefordomesticandglobaldistribution.(作为一名质量控制官员，她帮助确保当地农场为国内和全球分销提供最好的农产品)”可知，Rugiatu还在塞拉利昂农产品监测委员会当质量控制员，帮助确保当地农场为国内和全球分销提供尽可能好的产品。由此推知，Rugiatu是一个有抱负、负责任的人。故选B。7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要讲述了Rugiutu创办斯莱农场，帮助提高当地妇女的耕种能力。并且由于为促进农业创新和对其他女农民提供帮助所做的贡献，她赢得了曼德拉华盛顿非洲青年领袖奖学金。由此可知，该文主要介绍了一位年轻的非洲农业领导者。故选A。CFrenchpanyAirseas,haspromisedtohelpcargo(货物)shipsreducetheirfuelconsumption,andcuttheirgreenhousegas(GHG)emissionsbyanaverageof20%.Andthey’redoingthiswiththeSeawing—a1,000squaremeterkitethatwillfly300meters(984feet)abovethewater’ssurface.Sotheglobulshippingindustryisapparentlyrediscoveringthejoyandefficiencyofsails.Thelarge,shipsizedkiteiscurrentlybeingdeveloped,andthepanyplanstoopenafactorytoproducetheSeawingin2026.Oncemanufactured,AirseashaspromisedthatlaunchingandoperatingaSeawingonacargovesselwillbeautomated,makingiteasytouseforcrews.Thekiteandtheequipmentthatlaunchesitaremountedonaboat’sdeck,andthecrewcansimplypresssomebuttonsandalargekitewillriseintothesky.That’snottosaythatthecargoshipswon’tusetheirenginesatall,butthekitewilltakesomepressureoffofthoseenginesandwillreducetheneedforfuel.Thewindwillmovetheship,justlikeitdidforhundredsofyearsintheolddaysbeforeindustrialization.Loweringemissionsby20%maynotseemlikeabigdeal,butmovingvastamountsofgoodsbackandforthonthehighseascreates3%oftheworld’sgreenhousegasemissions.That’smorethantheairlineindustry,whichproducedabout2%oftheworld’semissionsin2021,accordingtotheInternationalEnergyAgency.Shippingisalsoamassiveindustry,andoneworthfocusingonforloweringemissions.About90%oftheworld’stradedgoodsaremovedaroundviashippingvessels(大船),accordingtotheInternationalChamberofShipping.Somepaniesareexpectingthisnewversionofsails.Japaneseshippingpany,“K”LinehasplacedordersfortheSeawingkite,andtheEuropeanUnionhasalsoinvestedmorethan$2millioninfunding.8.WhatisFrenchpanyAirseastryingtodo?A.Participateinkiteflyingpetitions. B.Makeseaexplorationeasyandjoyful.C.Producebigkitestobeusedforsailing D.Shipcargoeswithlowfuelconsumption.9.What’sthefeatureoftheSeawing?A.Itwillpletelyreplaceengines. B.Itwillbealightweightdevice.C.Itwillbeeasilyoperatedbycrews. D.Itwillfollowthecargovesselatsea.10.Whyistheairlineindustrymentionedinparagraph3?A.Toconfirmaprediction. B.Tomakeaparison.C.Toleadinanewtopic. D.Toanalyzecauseandeffect.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?ATheshippingindustryisgettingpopularagain.B.TheGHGemissionsarebeinggreatlyreduced.C.SeawingfactoriesaretobeopenedinEurope,D.Kitesonboatarehelpingcutshippingemissions.【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是法国Airseas公司正在研发一种大型风筝以帮助轮船减少油耗，降低温室气体排放。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“FrenchpanyAirseas,haspromisedtohelpcargo(货物)shipsreducetheirfuelconsumption,andcuttheirgreenhousegas(GHG)emissionsbyanaverageof20%.Andthey’redoingthiswiththeSeawing—a1,000squaremeterkitethatwillfly300meters(984feet)abovethewater’ssurface.(法国公司Airseas承诺帮助货船减少燃料消耗，并将其温室气体排放量平均减少20%。他们正在用一个1000平方米的风筝来做这件事，它将在水面以上300米（984英尺）的地方飞行。)”及第二段首句“Thelarge,shipsizedkiteiscurrentlybeingdeveloped,andthepanyplanstoopenafactorytoproducetheSeawingin2026.(目前正在开发船舶大小的大型风筝，该公司计划在2026年开设生产Seawing的工厂。)”可知，法国航空公司想制作用于航海的大风筝，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Oncemanufactured,AirseashaspromisedthatlaunchingandoperatingaSeawingonacargovesselwillbeautomated,makingiteasytouseforcrews.Thekiteandtheequipmentthatlaunchesitaremountedonaboat’sdeck,andthecrewcansimplypresssomebuttonsandalargekitewillriseintothesky.(一旦制造出来，Airseas承诺在货船上发射和操作Seawing将是自动化的，使其易于船员使用。风筝和发射它的设备安装在船的甲板上，船员只需按几个按钮，一个大风筝就会升上天空。)”可知，在货船上发射和操作Seawing将是自动化，风等设备就在船的甲板上，船员按几个按钮风筝就能升空。简言之,Seawing的特点就是容易操作。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Loweringemissionsby20%maynotseemlikeabigdeal,butmovingvastamountsofgoodsbackandforthonthehighseascreates3%oftheworld’sgreenhousegasemissions.That’smorethantheairlineindustry,whichproducedabout2%oftheworld’semissionsin2021(减少20%的排放量似乎不是什么大事，但在公海上来回运输大量货物产生的温室气体排放量占世界温室气体排放量的3%。这比航空业还要多，航空业在2021年的排放量约占全球的2%)”可知，将排放量减少20%似乎不是什么大不了的事，但在公海上来回运输大量货物造成了世界3%的温室气体排放，这比航空业还多，航空业在2021年的排放量约占世界的2%。由此推断，该段提到航空业是为了进行对比说明。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“FrenchpanyAirseas,haspromisedtohelpcargo(货物)shipsreducetheirfuelconsumption,andcuttheirgreenhousegas(GHG)emissionsbyanaverageof20%.Andthey’redoingthiswiththeSeawing—a1,000squaremeterkitethatwillfly300meters(984feet)abovethewater’ssurface.(法国公司Airseas承诺帮助货船减少燃料消耗，并将其温室气体排放量平均减少20%。他们正在用一个1000平方米的风筝来做这件事，它将在水面以上300米（984英尺）的地方飞行。)”可知，文章主要介绍法国Airseas公司正在研发一种在水面上方300米处飞行的1000平方米的风筝，可以帮助轮船降低20%的温室气体排放，因此最好的题目是D选项“Kitesonboatarehelpingcutshippingemissions.(船上的风筝有助于减少航运排放。)”。故选D。DAssummerbegins,childrengettimeofffromschool;officesgetalittlemoreempty.Avacationmindset(心态)isnothardtofind.Butit’snotalwaysrealistic.Maybeyouaren’tgrantedsomanyvacationdays.Maybefinancesprohibittakingtimeof,asovertimehoursareimportanttoyourpersonalbottomline.Thegoodnews,though,isthatsometimesaplainoldweekendcanbringmentalhealthbenefitsifyoutreatitlikeavacation.Researchappearstobackupthis.InastudyledbyMogilneroftheUCLASchoolofManagement,halfoftheparticipantsweretoldonaFridaytotreattheirweekendlikeanyotherweekend,andhalfweretoldtotreatitlikeavacation.Howtheparticipantsinterpretedthoseinstructionswasuptothem:theywerefreetospendtheweekend.WhentheyreturnedtoworkonMonday,thosewhohadbeenassignedtotakeonthevacationmindsetscoredhigheronhappinessmeasures,evenwhentheamountofmoneytheyspentwascontrolledfor.Afollowupstudytrackedwhatparticipantswerethinkinganddoingthroughouttheweekend.Andindeed,thepeoplewhohadbeeninstructedtohaveavacationmindsetdidspendtheirtimeslightlydifferentlyfromthepeoplewhowerein“normalweekend“mode:Theformerdidlesshousework,andspentmoretimeinbed.Butwhatseemedtodrivethehappinessmostwasnotthesesubtleshiftsinbehavior;instead,itwastheattitudeofmindfulnessthattheygavetoeven“normal”weekendactivities.So,itseemsthathappinessisboostedbysavoring.Pausing,slowingdown,andhavingastanceofgratitudeforthepresentmomenthavealwaysbeenattheheartofmindfulness,soitshouldn’teasmuchofasurprisethattheoutesofsuchamindsetarequitepositive.Thenexttimeyouhaveafreeday,orevenjustaafreehour,thinkaboutwaystoviewitasabreakfromtheordinary.Itjustmightmakeyoufeelbetter,evenonceyou’rebackatwork.12.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoshowinparagraph1?A.Theeffectofvacationmindset. B.Theimportanceofvacationtime.C.Theactualsituationaboutvacation. D.Theconflictingschedulewithinafamily.13.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“backup”inparagraph3?A.Turnagainst. B.Checkup. C.eupwith. D.Standupfor.14.Whatdidthefollowupstudyreallyfocuson?A.Whatthe“normalweekend”modewas.B.Whattheparticipantsenjoyedmostatweekends.C.Whytheformerparticipantswerehappier.D.Whowerelikelytohaveavacationmindset.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Vacationtimeshouldbeextendedaslongaspossible.B.Tryingnewactivitiescanbringadditionalbenefits.C.Themorevacationpeoplehave,themoreanxiousthey’llfeel.D.Shiftingmindsetinaspecificwaycanmakeabigdifference.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述通过转变心态，即使一个普通的周末也会给心理健康带来好处。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Avacationmindset(心态)isnothardtofind.Butit’snotalwaysrealistic.(度假心态并不难找到。但这并不总是现实的。)”可知，作者在首段旨在展示度假的现实情况是怎样的。故选C。【13题详解】词句猜测题。划线词所在句的this指代上文第二段中的观点。根据第二段“Thegoodnews,though,isthatsometimesaplainoldweekendcanbringmentalhealthbenefitsifyoutreatitlikeavacation.(不过，好消息是，如果你像度假一样对待它，有时一个普通的周末也能带来心理健康益处。)”及全文可知，研究支持第二段提出的观点：有时，如果你把一个普通的周末当作度假，它会给心理健康带来好处。所以backup为“提出，支持”之意。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“WhentheyreturnedtoworkonMonday,thosewhohadbeenassignedtotakeonthevacationmindsetscoredhigheronhappinessmeasures,evenwhentheamountofmoneytheyspentwascontrolledfor.(当他们周一回到工作岗位时，那些被分配到度假心态的人在幸福指标上得分更高，即使他们花的钱是可控的。)”可知，那些被指定以度假的心态度过周末的人在幸福感方面得分更高；第五段进一步研究揭示出了这些人幸福的原因是什么。所以后续研究真正关注的是为什么以前的参与者更快乐。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“So,itseemsthathappinessisboostedbysavoring.Pausing,slowingdown,andhavingastanceofgratitudeforthepresentmomenthavealwaysbeenattheheartofmindfulness,soitshouldn’teasmuchofasurprisethattheoutesofsuchamindsetarequitepositive.(所以，快乐似乎是通过品味来提升的。暂停，慢下来，对当下时刻心怀感激一直是正念的核心，所以这种心态的结果是非常积极的，这一点也不奇怪。)”和最后一段“Thenexttimeyouhaveafreeday,orevenjustaafreehour,thinkaboutwaystoviewitasabreakfromtheordinary.Itjustmightmakeyoufeelbetter,evenonceyou’rebackatwork.(下次当你有空闲的一天，或者只是一个小时的空闲时间，想办法把它看作是一个从日常生活中解脱出来的休息。它可能会让你感觉更好，即使你回去工作了。)”可推断，以特定的方式转变心态会带来很大的不同。故选D。第二节(共5小题：每小题分，满分分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoMakeFitnessYourFirstPriorityThereisnodenyingthefactthatexerciseisanessentialpartofmaintaininganactive,healthylifestyle.Butifyou’rejuststrugglingtomakeityourfocus,everydaycanfeellikeachallenge.Thegoodnewsisthatmakingfitnessyourtoppriorityisactuallysimplerthanyoumightexpect.___16___Everyonewantstobelievethattheywillfeelmotivatedforavigorousworkoutintheeveningafterwork.___17___Insteadofpushingyourworkouttotheeveningandthenpotentiallydecidingtoskipit,startyourdaywithexercise.Thiswillcreateasolidfoundationforyoutoworkfortherestoftheday.CreatepropergoalsThere’snothingmoremotivatingthanknowingyou’llhavethesatisfactionofreachingabenchmark(基准).Createrealgoalsforyourself:writethemdownandletthembethedrivingfactorthatgetsyouupinthemorningandintoyourworkoutgear(装备).___18___BeconsistentOneofthebiggestproblemstoprioritizingfitnessisinconsistency.___19___HouseMethodremendsbeingconsistentwithyourexerciseuntilitbeginstofeellikeahabit.Thiswillallowyoutoincorporatefitnessaspartofyourroutine,sothatitbeeslessofa“todo”andmoreofanaturalpartofyourday.___20___Sowhetheryou’renewtoyourworkoutroutineorhavebeengoingtothegymforyears,thesequick,simpletipscanhelpyoureframeyourapproachsothatfitnesstrulyisyourtopfocus.A.WorkoutinthemorningBExerciseathomeanytimeC.However,bythattime,you’releastenthusiasticaboutworkout.D.Getaheadofthisissuebycreatingasettimewhenyouwillworkout.E.Therearecountlessservicesavailableforanytypeofexerciseroutine.F.Thesedays,it’seasierthanevertomakefitnessyournumberonepriority.G.Onceyoureachonemilestone,youcanbeginsteppingupyourgameforthenextone.【答案】16.A17.C18.G19.D20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何将健身作为首要任务。【16题详解】根据下文“Everyonewantstobelievethattheywillfeelmotivatedforavigorousworkoutintheeveningafterwork.(每个人都想相信，下班后的晚上，他们会有动力进行剧烈的锻炼。)”和“Insteadofpushingyourworkouttotheeveningandthenpotentiallydecidingtoskipit,startyourdaywithexercise.Thiswillcreateasolidfoundationforyoutoworkfortherestoftheday.(与其把你的锻炼推到晚上，然后可能决定跳过它，不如用锻炼开始你的一天。这将为你接下来一天的工作打下坚实的基础。)”可知，该段建议“早上进行锻炼”。所以选择项A“Workoutinthemorning(早上锻炼)”作为本段主题句最为合适。故选A。【17题详解】根据前句“Everyonewantstobelievethattheywillfeelmotivatedforavigorousworkoutintheeveningafterwork.(每个人都想相信，下班后的晚上，他们会有动力进行剧烈的锻炼。)”可知，然而，到了晚上的时候，你可能一点锻炼的热情都没有了。前后句为转折关系，承上启下。所以选择项C“However,bythattime,you’releastenthusiasticaboutworkout.(然而，到那个时候，你对锻炼最不感兴趣。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。【18题详解】根据本段主题句“Createpropergoals(制定适当的目标)”可知，本段主要讲述创建适当的目标。前句“Createrealgoalsforyourself:writethemdownandletthembethedrivingfactorthatgetsyouupinthemorningandintoyourworkoutgear(装备).(为自己制定真正的目标：把它们写下来，让它们成为你早上起床、开始锻炼的动力。)”可知，完成适当的锻炼目标后，继续完成下一个目标。所以选择项G“Onceyoureachonemilestone,youcanbeginsteppingupyourgameforthenextone.(一旦你达到了一个里程碑，你就可以开始迈向下一个里程碑。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。【19题详解】根据前句“Oneofthebiggestproblemstoprioritizingfitnessisinconsistency.(先考虑健身的最大障碍之一是反复无常的。)”可知，可以通过设定固定的锻炼时间，提前解决这个障碍。所以选择项D“Getaheadofthisissuebycreatingasettimewhenyouwillworkout.(制定一个固定的锻炼时间，提前解决这个问题。)”符合上下文语境。故选D。【20题详解】根据文章结构可知，该句总结文本信息。根据后句“Sowhetheryou’renewtoyourworkoutroutineorhavebeengoingtothegymforyears,thesequick,simpletipscanhelpyoureframeyourapproachsothatfitnesstrulyisyourtopfocus.(所以，无论你是刚开始锻炼，还是已经去健身房很多年了，这些快速、简单的建议都可以帮助你重新构建你的方法，让健身真正成为你的头等大事。)”可知，这些健身的建议能够使健身成为你的首要关注点。所以选择项F“Thesedays,it’seasierthanevertomakefitnessyournumberonepriority.(如今，把健身作为头等大事比以往任何时候都容易。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。DexterlivesinOuray,Colorado,where,forthepastfewyears,thetwofooteddoghasbeenturningheadswhereverhegoes.Hisowner,KenteePasek,says___21___ontwolegsisn’tatrickshetaughthim.Rather,it’sa(n)___22___hemadeafteraneardeathexperience.WhenDexterwasapuppy,heescapedhisyard,dashedintothe___23___andgothitbyacar.Helosthisfrontlegs.Everyone___24___hewouldneedsomekindofadaptiveequipmenttogetaround.Hedidusea___25___forawhileuntilonedaywhenPaseksetthedogatthefootofherporch(门廊)withoutit.Pasekranintogetacupofcoffee,cameoutand___26___foundthatherdoghadclimbedthestairs.She___27___hercellphone,putDexterbackatthebottomofthestairsand___28___himwalkingupthestairsontwofeetwithoutthewheelchair.Inthesixyearssince,Dexterhasbeeafullblowncelebrity,___29___inparadesandbuildingagroupofsocialmedia____30____,whonowetothedogshometownjusthopingforaglimpseofOuray’smost____31____“citizen”Thewholethingisn’tconsideredasa____32____formanypeople.PeoplepraiseDexterforhisoptiontostay____33____.Heshowswherehumanssee____34____,dogssometimesbegtodiffer.AndDexter’sactionhasproventhatsometimesgetting____35____istheonlywaytoseehowtallyoustand.21.A.walking B.jumping C.climbing D.riding22.A.performance B.experiment C.adaptation D.promise23.A.crowd B.playground C.subway D.traffic24.A.understood B.assumed C.realized D.recognized25.A.shelter B.walkingstick C.wheelchair D.bench26.A.finally B.luckily C.surprisingly D.occasionally27.A.covered B.changed C.forgot D.grabbed28.A.recorded B.imagined C.supported D.observed29.A.starring B.admiring C.waving D.shouting30.A.teachers B.followers C.designers D.websites31.A.peaceful B.upstanding C.humorous D.beautiful32.A.gesture B.popular C.routine D.joke33.A.positive B.calm C.serious D.crazy34.A.secrets B.troubles C.mistakes D.chances35.A.carriedout B.putaway C.dressedup D.knockeddown【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.C26.C27.D28.A29.A30.B31.B32.D33.A34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只励志小狗的故事，这只小狗失去前腿后，靠自己的努力竟然能用两条腿走路。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的主人KenteePasek说，两条腿走路不是她教他的把戏。A.walking走路；B.jumping跳；C.climbing爬；D.riding骑。根据上文“DexterlivesinOuray,Colorado,where,forthepastfewyears,thetwofooteddoghasbeenturningheadswhereverhegoes.”以及下文“putDexterbackatthebottomofthestairsand___8___himwalkingupthestairsontwofeetwithoutthewheelchair.”可知，这只小狗是用两条腿走路。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：A.更确切地说，这是他在濒死经历后做出的一种适应。performance表现；B.experiment实验；C.adaptation适应、改