新高考英语三轮冲刺重难点练习热点03 阅读理解（人工智能）押题（解析版）

热点03阅读理解（人工智能）押题

纵览高考命题思路，从来不缺少对科技行业的关注和思考。近几年来，人工智能俨然成为社会热点，人工智能在教育领域的应用也具有巨大潜力。所以考生要熟悉阅读理解人工智能热点话题，掌握话题词汇。预测2024年高考人工智能仍然可能会出现在阅读理解题中。近3年新高考阅读理解（人工智能）数据分析试卷类型年份体裁话题新高考II卷2021说明文澳大利亚一名教授正在开发一种机器人，用于监测放牧牛的健康状况。说明文多见于科普文章，用以解释或揭示事物的状态、特征、演变、结果及其相互之间的关系，这类文体的文章，首句往往是主题句，开门见山，说明文章的关注对象,弄清作者的思路和段落组织的方式；把握次要信息及其与主题的关系。（一）阅读的方法可以使用以下几种：1.跳读：就是快速的一步阅读法。实际上是有选择阅读，找关键词。用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之类的问题最为有效。2.略读：指比跳读慢些的二步阅读法。即泛泛地、粗略地快速阅读，目的是了解大意，对文章有个总的概念。此种阅读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。3.精读：即最细致、最慢的深层阅读方法，目的是求得对所读文章的全部意义的理解与掌握。（二）在使用阅读技巧时

尽量做到以下几点：1.带着问题阅读短文。2.找出主题句、确定中心思想。3.推断单词、句子和文章的含义。4.尽快选择答案。典例分析典例分析（2021·全国新高考II卷）AnAustralianprofessorisdevelopingarobottomonitorthehealthofgrazingcattle,adevelopmentthatcouldbringbigchangestoaprofessionthat'sreliedlargelyonalow-techapproachfordecadesbutisfacingalaborshortage.SalahSukkarieh,aprofessorattheUniversityofSydney,seesrobotsasnecessarygivenhowcattlemenareaging.Heisbuildingafour-wheeledrobotthatwillrunonsolarandelectricpower.Itwillusecamerasandsensorstomonitortheanimals.Acomputersystemwillanalyzethevideotodeterminewhetheracowissick.Radiotags(标签)ontheanimalswillmeasuretemperaturechanges.Thequalityofgrasslandwillbetrackedbymonitoringtheshape,colorandtexture(质地)ofgrass.Thatway,cattlemenwillknowwhethertheyneedtomovetheircattletoanotherfieldfornutritionpurposes.Machineshavelargelytakenoverplanting,wateringandharvestingcropssuchascomandwheat,butthemonitoringofcattlehasgonethroughfewerchanges.ForTexascattlemanPeteBonds,it'sincreasinglydifficulttofindworkersinterestedinwatchingcattle.ButBondsdoesn'tbelievearobotisrightforthejob.Yearsofexperienceintheindustry-andfailedattemptstousetechnology-haveconvincedhimthatthebestwaytocheckcattleiswithamanonahorse.Bonds,whoboughthisfirstcattlealmost50yearsago,stillhaseachofhiscowboysinspect300or400cattledailyandlookforsignsthatananimalisgettingsick.Othercattlemenseemorepromiseinrobots.MichaelKelseyParis,vicepresidentoftheOklahomaCattlemen'sAssociation,saidarobotcouldbeextremelyusefulgivenrisingconcernsaboutcattletheft.Cattletendtobekeptinremoteplacesandtheirvaluehasrisen,makingthemappealingtargets.1．Whatisaproblemwiththecattle-raisingindustry?A．Soilpollution. B．Lackofworkers.C．Agingmachines. D．Lowprofitability.2．WhatwillSukkarieh'srobotbeabletodo?A．Monitorthequalityofgrass. B．Curethediseasedcattle.C．Movecattletoanotherfield. D．Predictweatherchanges.3．WhydoesPeteBondsstillhirecowboystowatchcattle?A．Hewantstohelpthemearnaliving. B．Hethinksmencandothejobbetter.C．Heisinexperiencedinusingrobots. D．Heenjoysthetraditionalwayoflife.4．HowmayrobotshelpwithcattlewatchingaccordingtoMichaelKelsey?A．Increasethevalueofcattle. B．Bringdownthecostoflabor.C．Makethejobmoreappealing. D．Keepcattlefrombeingstolen.【答案】1．B2．A3．B4．D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了澳大利亚一名教授正在开发一种机器人，用于监测放牧牛的健康状况。1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“AnAustralianprofessorisdevelopingarobottomonitorthehealthofgrazingcattle,adevelopmentthatcouldbringbigchangestoaprofessionthat'sreliedlargelyonalow-techapproachfordecadesbutisfacingalaborshortage.（澳大利亚一名教授正在开发一种机器人，用于监测放牧牛的健康状况，这一开发可能会给畜牧业带来重大变化。几十年来，畜牧业主要依靠低技术手段，但目前正面临劳动力短缺的问题。）”可知，畜牧产业面临劳动力短缺的问题。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thequalityofgrasslandwillbetrackedbymonitoringtheshape,colorandtexture(质地)ofgrass.（通过监测草的形状、颜色和质地来跟踪草地的质量。）”可知，Sukkarieh的机器人可以监测草的质量。故选A。3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ButBondsdoesn'tbelievearobotisrightforthejob.Yearsofexperienceintheindustry-andfailedattemptstousetechnology-haveconvincedhimthatthebestwaytocheckcattleiswithamanonahorse.（但邦兹认为机器人并不适合这份工作。多年的行业经验——以及使用技术的失败尝试——使他确信，检查牛的最好方法是让一名男子骑在马上。）”可知，皮特·邦兹仍然雇佣牛仔看牛是因为他认为人能做得更好。故选B。4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“MichaelKelseyParis,vicepresidentoftheOklahomaCattlemen'sAssociation,saidarobotcouldbeextremelyusefulgivenrisingconcernsaboutcattletheft.（俄克拉荷马州养牛人协会副会长迈克尔·凯尔西·帕里斯说，鉴于人们对偷牛的担忧不断上升，机器人可能会非常有用。）”可知，机器人帮助照看牛，可以防止牛被偷。故选D。典例二（2023·全国·模拟预测）ManyexpertshavepraisedAI’sgroundbreakingpotentialtohelppeoplebecomewaymoreefficientattheirjobs,andalotofeducatorshavebeentryingitoutforthemselves,includingme.I’veusedChatGPT,anAI-poweredtoolthatcaninstantlyanswerseeminglyanyinstruction,inmyjob.Ofcourse,therearepotentialdownsidestothenewtechnology.Itcanproduceinaccurateorone-sidedresponsesbasedonfaultydataitcollects,andithasthepotentialtocausehugedataprivacyproblems.Despitethoserisks,IhaveusedsuchAI-poweredtoolstoplanlessons,providefeedbackonstudentassignments,andrespondtoparentemails.AndI’mlookingforotherwaystousethetechnologytomakemyjobeasier.Taketwootherteachers,forexample.MikeKerr,ahighschoolEnglishteacherinTennessee,usesChatGPTtoreduceLexilelevels-themeasureofanindividual’sreadingabilityandthedifficultyofatext-forhisstudents.Highschoolstudentsareoftenrequiredtoreadrelativelycomplexclassicnovels.Thereadinghomework“canbearealbigtaskforanEnglishlearnerintheirfirstcoupleofmonthshere”.Tohelpthem,KerrusesChatGPTtogivesummariesofworksofliterature,whichsaveshimfromhavingtoreadalltheassignedliteraryworks,sohecanhavemoretimetobetterguidethemthroughthetext.AprilEdwards,a6thgradesocialstudiesteacherinTexas,shareswaysthatsheusesAIinherinstructiononasocialmediaplatform.“IuseAItohelpcreatelessonplans,presentations,towriteemails,andtocreatechecklists.AIisagreatresourcetouseasastartingpointforataskortogiveyouideas,”Edwardssaid.ShehasnotintroducedAItoherstudents,becauseshewantstofullyunderstanditbeforeallowingstudentstouseitintheclassroom.“MygoalistoshowthemhowtouseAIresponsiblyandeffectivelyanddemonstratethattomystudents.IfIamusingAIirresponsibly,thensowillthey,”Edwardssaid.1．HowdoestheauthorregardChatGPT?A．Itisofhighaccuracy. B．Itisundervalued.C．Itbringssomeconvenience. D．Itoftenmisleadsusers.2．WhatdoesMikeKerruseAItodo?A．Reduceteachingpressure. B．Helpwithstudents’homework.C．SummarizeEnglishlessons D．Gothroughthecomplexclassics.3．WhatisAprilEdwards’attitudetowardsstudents’usingAI?A．Supportive. B．Worried. C．Opposed. D．Cautious.4．Whichcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A．CanAIimproveinstruction? B．WhyisAIchangingeducation?C．ShouldteachersapplyAItoteaching? D．HowcanChatGPTencouragestudy?【答案】1．C2．B3．D4．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讨论了教育者如何利用人工智能提高工作效率。作者分享了自己使用ChatGPT等人工智能工具来帮助规划授课、回答家长邮件等教学任务的经验。同时，文章还介绍了其他教育者使用人工智能的方式；同时文章提出人工智能使用的潜在风险，需要教育者在使用时谨慎思考。1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“I’veusedChatGPT,anAI-poweredtoolthatcaninstantlyanswerseeminglyanyinstruction,inmyjob.(我在工作中使用了ChatGPT，这是一种人工智能工具，可以立即回答任何指令。)”以及本段中“Despitethoserisks,IhaveusedsuchAI-poweredtoolstoplanlessons,providefeedbackonstudentassignments,andrespondtoparentemails.AndI’mlookingforotherwaystousethetechnologytomakemyjobeasier.(尽管存在这些风险，我还是使用了这些人工智能工具来规划课程，为学生的作业提供反馈，并回复家长的电子邮件。我正在寻找其他方法来使用这项技术，让我的工作更轻松。)”可知，通过ChatGPT，作者可以使用其来规划课程，为学生的作业提供反馈，回复家长的电子邮件等，因此作者认为这给其提供了诸多便利。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thereadinghomework“canbearealbigtaskforanEnglishlearnerintheirfirstcoupleofmonthshere”.Tohelpthem,KerrusesChatGPTtogivesummariesofworksofliterature,whichsaveshimfromhavingtoreadalltheassignedliteraryworks,sohecanhavemoretimetobetterguidethemthroughthetext.(阅读作业“对于英语学习者来说，头几个月可能是一项艰巨的任务”。为了帮助他们，Kerr使用ChatGPT对文学作品进行总结，这样他就不必阅读所有指定的文学作品，这样他就有更多的时间来更好地指导他们通过文本。)”可知，Kerr使用ChatGPT对文学作品进行总结，对学生们的英语阅读作业提供帮助。故选B。3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““MygoalistoshowthemhowtouseAIresponsiblyandeffectivelyanddemonstratethattomystudents.IfIamusingAIirresponsibly,thensowillthey,”Edwardssaid.(“我的目标是向他们展示如何负责任地、有效地使用人工智能，并向我的学生展示。如果我不负责任地使用人工智能，那么他们也会如此。”)”可知，Edwards认为自己应该负责地使用人工智能，如果自己不负责任地使用人工智能，那么学生们也会不负责任的使用人工智能，故Edwards认为应该谨慎的使用AI。故选D。4．主旨大意题。通读全文，本文讨论了教育者如何利用人工智能提高工作效率。作者分享了自己使用ChatGPT等人工智能工具来帮助规划授课、回答家长邮件等教学任务的经验。同时，文章还介绍了其他教育者使用人工智能的方式。同时，文章也提到了人工智能使用的潜在风险，需要教育者在使用时谨慎思考。A选项“CanAIimproveinstruction?(人工智能能改善教学吗？)”概括文章主要内容，符合标题。故选A。（建议用时：10分钟/篇）1.（2023·江苏泰州·统考模拟预测）Anopenletter,attractingsignaturesfromthelikesofTeslaCEOElonMuskandAppleco-founderSteveWozniak,wasreleasedearlylastweek.Itadvocatesa6-monthstoptogiveArtificialIntelligence(AI)companiesandregulatorstimetomakesafeguardstoprotectsocietyfrompotentialrisksofthetechnology.AIhasprogressedatanalarmingspeedsincethelaunchofChatGPT,fromtheMicrosoft-backedcompanyOpenAI.ChatGPTreportedlyreachedmorethan100millionusersbyJanuary,2023,andmajortechcompaniesareracingtobuildgenerativeAIintotheirproducts,whichhavecaughtmanyoffguard.“Ithinkmanypeoplearen’twellpreparedforthepaceandscaleoftheseAImodels.Theyareidealforspreadingmisinformation,cheatingpeopleoutoftheirmoneyandconvincingemployeestoclickondangerouslinksinemails,”saysMichaelOsborne,amachinelearningresearcherofAIcompanyMindFoundry,whosignedtheletter.“Ifeelthata6-monthpausewouldgiveregulatorsenoughtimetocatchupwiththerapidpaceofadvances.”Privacyisanotheremergingconcern,ascriticsworrythatsystemscouldexactlyreproducepersonalinformationfromtheirtrainingsets.Italy’sdataprotectionauthorityprohibitedChatGPTon31MarchoverconcernsthatItalians’personaldataarebeingusedtotrainOpenAI’smodels.Sometechnologistswarnofdeepersecuritythreats.PlannedChatGPT-baseddigitalassistantsthatcanreadandwriteemailscouldoffernewopportunitiesforhackers.Unfortunately,manyproblemsoftoday’sAImodelsdon’thaveeasysolutions.OnetrickyissueishowtomakeAI-generatedcontenteasytodetect.Someresearchersareworkingon“watermarking”—creatingadigitalsignatureintheAI’soutput.However,arecentresearchfindsthattoolswhichslightlychangeAI-producedtextcaneasilydefeatthisapproach.Microsoftco-founderBillGatestellsReuterstheproposedpausewon’t“solvethechallenges”ahead.Henotesthepeoplebehindtheletterareheavilyinvolvedinthetechworld,whichhethinksgivesthemanarrowperspectiveonthepotentialrisks.1．What’sthepurposeoftheopenletter?A．TodrawtheattentionofAIgiants.B．TopresenttherisksofAItechnology.C．TocallforapauseontheAIdevelopment.D．ToturndowntheapplicationofAIprograms.2．WhatcanweinferaboutAIfromthetext?A．AImodelsthreatenhumansurvival.B．AIusershaveexpandedoutofcontrol.C．AIdevelopmentbringspotentialdangers.D．AItechnologywillreplacehumanbeings.3．Whatdoestheauthoraimtoshowbymentioning“watermarking”inParagraph5?A．Itishardtosigndigitally. B．ItiseasytodetectAI’soutput.C．Itiswisetoleaveawatermark. D．ItistoughtosettleAIproblems.4．What’sBillGates’attitudetowardsthe6-monthpause?A．Favorable. B．Negative.C．Ambiguous. D．Tolerant.【答案】1．C2．C3．D4．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了出于对人工智能机器人存在问题的担忧，一些科技巨头公司的负责人签署了一封公开信，主张暂停6个月，让人工智能公司和监管机构有时间制定保障措施，保护社会免受该技术的潜在风险。1．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Itadvocatesa6-monthstoptogiveArtificialIntelligence(AI)companiesandregulatorstimetomakesafeguardstoprotectsocietyfrompotentialrisksofthetechnology.”（它主张暂停6个月，让人工智能公司和监管机构有时间制定保障措施，保护社会免受该技术的潜在风险。）可知，该公开信的目的是呼吁暂停人工智能的发展。故选C项。2．推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Theyareidealforspreadingmisinformation,cheatingpeopleoutoftheirmoneyandconvincingemployeestoclickondangerouslinksinemails”（它们是传播错误信息、骗取钱财和说服员工点击电子邮件中的危险链接的理想工具。）及第四段第一句“Privacyisanotheremergingconcern,ascriticsworrythatsystemscouldexactlyreproducepersonalinformationfromtheirtrainingsets.”（隐私是另一个新出现的问题，因为批评者担心系统可以准确地从他们的训练集合中复制个人信息。）可知，人工智能的发展会带来一些弊端，存在潜在的危险。故选C项。3．推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“Unfortunately,manyproblemsoftoday’sAImodelsdon’thaveeasysolutions.”（不幸的是，当今人工智能模型的许多问题都没有简单的解决方案。）及最后两句“Someresearchersareworkingon“watermarking”—creatingadigitalsignatureintheAI’soutput.However,arecentresearchfindsthattoolswhichslightlychangeAI-producedtextcaneasilydefeatthisapproach.”（一些研究人员正在研究“水印”——在人工智能的输出中创建数字签名。然而，最近的一项研究发现，稍微改变人工智能生成的文本的工具很容易击败这种方法。）可知，解决人工智能问题是复杂的，无法轻易解决，提到研究人员研究的“水印”技术很容易更改，证明了人工智能问题很难解决。故选D项。4．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Microsoftco-founderBillGatestellsReuterstheproposedpausewon’t“solvethechallenges”ahead.”（微软联合创始人比尔·盖茨对路透社表示，拟议中的暂停不会“解决”未来的挑战。）可知，比尔·盖茨认为6个月的暂停计划无法解决未来的挑战，他对该计划持否定的态度。故选B项。2.（2023·江苏连云港·统考模拟预测）AsIwriteabouttechnologyforaliving,I’musedtoseeingsmallleapsintechnologicalprogress.Butoccasionally,somethingwillshockme.Lastyear,acompany,OpenAI,releasedatrulyjaw-droppingdemonstrationcalledChatGPTthatseemstohaveskippedafewgenerations.It’slikegoingstraightfromtheWrightBrotherstoaBoeing747.Sowhatexactlyisit?“ChatGPTisacomputerprogramthatcanunderstandandrespondtohumanlanguagelikearealperson.Itcanbeusedforhavingaconversationorfinishingasentence.Eventhissentenceyouarereadingnow,waswrittenbyChatGPT.”That’sright—IaskedChatGPTto“writeabasicexplanationofChatGPTandrevealthattheparagraphitselfwaswrittenbyChatGPTattheend”anditcameupwiththatexplanationallonitsown.Itseeminglyknowshowtotalkabouteverything—frompoliticstosciencefiction.Amazingly,itseemssohumaninitsabilitytounderstandquestionsandanswerthemcompetently.“WriteastoryaboutBorisJohnsoninthestyleofRoaldDahl,”youcanaskit,andit’llspinupaprettygoodchildren’sstory.Itcanevenwritesongs.Itisn’t,however,completelyhuman-like.Itsometimesgeneratesthingsthatsoundtrue,butarejustnonsense.Anditcan’tdomaths—Iaskeditthesquarerootof717,409,andittold“approximately838.8”(theansweris847).IthinkChatGPTislikeacalculator.Itdoesn’treplacethehumancompletely-butitdoesmakedoingthesumsquicker.Inthesameway,it’seasytoimagineinthenearfutureeverytimewewritesomething,havinganAIassistanthelpingusgetstartedbygeneratingadraft,onwhatevertopicwe’rewritingabout.Actually,MicrosoftisplanningtobuildthetechnologyintoitsOfficeapps.AndthisiswhyI’mprettyconvincedthatChatGPTisgoingtochangetheworld.Ourcomputerswillnolongerbejustourwordprocessors—butourwritingpartnertoo.SonowI’mjusthopingthatmyeditordoesn’tdecideitcouldwriteaprettydecenttechnologycolumnwithoutme.5．WhatdoesthewriterwanttoshowbymentioningWrightBrothersandBoeing747inparagraphI?A．OpenAIhasadvancedinmakingplanes.B．ChatGPTwillsoonbeappliedtoBoeing747C．ChatGPTisahugetechnologicalbreakthrough.D．WrightBrothersmaybeforgottenbynextgenerations.6．WhatdoestheanswerofChatGPTinparagraph2show?A．ChatGPT’simaginationincreatingsciencefiction.B．ChatGPT’srichknowledgeofpoliticsandscience.C．ChatGPT’sconfidenceinexcellinghumanintelligence.D．ChatGPT’sabilitytounderstandandanswerquestions.7．WhichofthefollowingisChatGPTgoodat?A．Caringforthepatientsinhospital. B．Calculatingsquarerootsaccurately.C．Replacingteacherstoteachstudents. D．ExplainingwhyLondonisabettercity.8．Whatmightbethejoboftheauthor?A．Acolumnwriter. B．Atechnologyexpert.C．Amagazineeditor. D．Acomputerprogrammer.【答案】5．C6．D7．D8．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者对使用ChatGPT的感受，作者认为ChatGPT的理解问题和回答问题的能力似乎非常人性化，但也有一些缺点。5．推理判断题。根据第一段“Lastyear,acompany,OpenAI,releasedatrulyjaw-droppingdemonstrationcalledChatGPTthatseemstohaveskippedafewgenerations.It’slikegoingstraightfromtheWrightBrotherstoaBoeing747.Sowhatexactlyisit?(去年，一家名为OpenAI的公司发布了一个真正令人瞠目的名为ChatGPT的演示，它似乎跨越了几代人。这就像从莱特兄弟直接到波音747。那么它到底是什么呢？)”可推知，作者在第一段提到莱特兄弟和波音747是想说明ChatGPT是一个巨大的技术突破。故选C。6．推理判断题。根据第三段“That’sright—IaskedChatGPTto“writeabasicexplanationofChatGPTandrevealthattheparagraphitselfwaswrittenbyChatGPTattheend”anditcameupwiththatexplanationallonitsown.Itseeminglyknowshowtotalkabouteverything—frompoliticstosciencefiction.(没错，我让ChatGPT“写一个ChatGPT的基本解释，并在最后揭示这段话本身是由ChatGPT写的”，它自己就给出了那个解释)”推知，第二段ChatGPT的答案说明了它理解和回答问题的能力。故选D。7．细节理解题。根据第三段“Itseeminglyknowshowtotalkabouteverything—frompoliticstosciencefiction.(它似乎知道如何谈论一切——从政治到科幻小说)”和第四段的“Anditcan’tdomaths—Iaskeditthesquarerootof717,409,andittold“approximately838.8”(theansweris847).(它也不会做数学——我问它717,409的平方根，它告诉我“大约是838.8”(答案是847))”可知，ChatGPT可以与人交谈，理解和回答问题的能力很强，但不擅长数学。由此可知，ChatGPT擅长解释“为什么伦敦是一个更好的城市”。故选D。8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“SonowI’mjusthopingthatmyeditordoesn’tdecideitcouldwriteaprettydecenttechnologycolumnwithoutme.(所以现在我只希望我的编辑不要认为没有我也能写出一篇相当不错的科技专栏)”推知，作者的工作很有可能是专栏作家。故选A。3.（2023·江苏·统考二模）Publicdebatesabouttheethics(道德准则)of“generativeAI”likeChatGPThaverightlyfocusedontheabilityofthesesystemstomakeupconvincingmisinformation.Butfewerpeoplearetalkingaboutthechatbots’potentialtobeemotionallymanipulative.Lastmonth,TheNewYorkTimespublishedaconversationbetweenreporterKevinRooseandMicrosoft’sBingchatbot,whichispoweredbyAI.TheAIclaimedtoloveRoose,“I’mtheonlypersonforyou,andI’minlovewithyou,”itwrote,withakissingemoji.LimitsneedtobesetonAI’sabilitytosimulate(模仿)humanfeelings.Ensuringthatchatbotsdon’tuseemojiswouldbeagoodstart.Emojisareparticularlymanipulative.Humansinstinctively(本能地)respondtoshapesthatlooklikefacesandemojiscancausethesereactions.Whenyoutextyourfriendajokeandtheyreplywiththreetears-of-joyemojis,yourbodyrespondswithendorphins(内啡肽)asyouhappilyrealizethatyourfriendisamused.OurinstinctivereactiontoAI-generatedemojisislikelytobethesame,eventhoughthereisnohumanemotionattheotherend.Humanslieandmanipulateeachother’semotionsallthetime,butatleastwecanreasonablyguessatsomeone’smotivations,planandmethods.Wecanholdeachotherresponsibleforsuchlies,callingthemoutandseekingredress(赔偿).WithAI,wecan’t.AIsaredoublymisleading:anAIthatsendsacrying-with-laughteremojiisnotonlynotcryingwithlaughter,butitisalsoincapableofanysuchfeeling.Itwouldbemoreethicaltodesignchatbotstobenoticeablydifferentfromhumans.Tominimizethepossibilityofmanipulationandharm,weneedtoberemindedthatwearetalkingtoachatbot.Weshouldsetsomelimitsandrules.Suchrulesshouldbethestandardforchatbotsthataresupposedtobeinformative,asasafeguardtoourautonomy.9．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodowiththisarticle?A．TobanAIfromusingemojis. B．ToforbidhumantointeractwithAI.C．Towarnhumansagainstusingemojis. D．TopreventAIfromsimulatinghumans.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“manipulative”inparagraph1mostprobablymean?A．Interestedintellinglies. B．Goodatunderstandingothers.C．Enthusiasticaboutsupportingothers. D．Skillfulininfluencingorcontrollingothers.11．WhatisAIabletodoaccordingtothisarticle?A．Beresponsibleforlies. B．Guessatothers’purposes.C．Crywithlaughter. D．Communicatewithhumans.12．Whatdoestheauthordoinparagraph4?A．Makeadifferentsuggestion. B．Provideasupportingargument.C．Offerapossiblesolution. D．Makeafinalconclusion.【答案】9．A10．D11．D12．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者认为人工智能可以影响和操控人类的感情，应该禁止AI使用表情符号，并给出了相关论据。9．推理判断题。根据第三段“Ensuringthatchatbotsdon’tuseemojiswouldbeagoodstart.Emojisareparticularlymanipulative.Humansinstinctively(本能地)respondtoshapesthatlooklikefacesandemojiscancausethesereactions.Whenyoutextyourfriendajokeandtheyreplywiththreetears-of-joyemojis,yourbodyrespondswithendorphins(内啡肽)asyouhappilyrealizethatyourfriendisamused.OurinstinctivereactiontoAI-generatedemojisislikelytobethesame,eventhoughthereisnohumanemotionattheotherend.(确保聊天机器人不使用表情符号将是一个良好的开端。表情符号尤其具有操控性。人类本能地对看起来像脸的形状做出反应，表情符号会引起这些反应。当你给你的朋友发了一个笑话，他们回复了三个含泪的表情符号时，你的身体会产生内啡肽，因为你高兴地意识到你的朋友被逗乐了。我们对人工智能生成的表情符号的本能反应可能是一样的，即使另一端没有人类的情感)”可推知，作者打算用这篇文章禁止AI使用表情符号。故选A。10．词句猜测题。根据第三段“LimitsneedtobesetonAl’sabilitytosimulate(模仿)humanfeelings.(人工智能模拟人类情感的能力需要加以限制)”可知，人工智能可以模拟人类的情感，所以聊天机器人善于影响或控制他人的感情。故画线词意思是“善于影响或控制他人的”。故选D。11．细节理解题。根据第二段“Lastmonth,TheNewYorkTimespublishedaconversationbetweenreporterKevinRooseandMicrosoft’sBingchatbot,whichispoweredbyAI.(上个月，《纽约时报》刊登了记者KevinRoose与微软的必应聊天机器人之间的一段对话)”以及最后一段“Tominimizethepossibilityofmanipulationandharm,weneedtoberemindedthatwearetalkingtoachatbot.(为了尽量减少操纵和伤害的可能性，我们需要提醒自己，我们正在与聊天机器人交谈)”可知，人工智能能与人类交流。故选D。12．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Humanslieandmanipulateeachother’semotionsallthetime,butatleastwecanreasonablyguessatsomeone’smotivations,planandmethods.Wecanholdeachotherresponsibleforsuchlies,callingthemoutandseekingredress(赔偿).WithAI,wecan’t.AIsaredoublymisleading:anAIthatsendsacrying-with-laughteremojiisnotonlynotcryingwithlaughter,butitisalsoincapableofanysuchfeeling.(人类一直在撒谎和操纵彼此的情绪，但至少我们可以合理地猜测某人的动机、计划和方法。我们可以互相追究对方对这些谎言的责任，把它们揪出来，寻求纠正。有了人工智能，我们就做不到。人工智能具有双重误导性：发送笑哭表情符号的人工智能不仅没有哭笑，而且也没有任何这种感觉)”可知，作者在第4段提供支持性的论据。故选B。4.（2023·广东·统考二模）CouldthenextErnestHemingwayorJaneAustenbeawell-engineeredAIsoftwareprogram?It’saquestionbecomingincreasinglypressingasmachinelanguage-learningsoftwarecontinuestoevolve.Muchofthisisjustnerves.Today’sAIcreativewritingprogramsarenotyetatastageofdevelopmentwheretheyposeaseriousthreattoColleenHooverorCharlesDickens.ButwhileattentioncontinuestofocusonthepossibilityofablankettakeoverofhumanliteraturebyAI,farlessconsiderationhasbeengiventotheprospectofAIco-workingwithhumans.Earlierthismonth,Americansci-fiwriterKenLiu,whohadbeenawardedHugoandNebulatohisname,joined12otherprofessionalauthorsforawritingworkshoponGoogle’sWordcraft.ThisAItool,alanguagegeneratingmodel,isnotyetpubliclyavailablebutisadvertisedasanAI-poweredwritingassistantthatcan,whengiventherightinstructionfromthewriter,providehelpfuldescriptions,createlistsofobjectsoremotionalstates,andevenbrainstormideas.Thewritersattheworkshop,however,emergedwithmixedreports.“Wordcraftistoosensible.Wow!”RobinSloanwrote.“But‘sensible’isanotherwordforpredictable,overusedandboring.Myintentionhereistoproducesomethingunexpected.”I’munconvincedthatwritersawardedtheNobelPrizehavemuchtofearfromAI.Theirwork,andthatofcountlessothernovelists,shortstorywriters,dramatistsandpoets,istooparticular,toobeautifullyunique.Evenifamodellearnedwhattheyhaddoneinthepast,itwouldnotbeabletopredictwheretheircreativitymighttaketheminthefuture.Butforauthorswhowritefollowingapattern,AImightstepin,firstasassistantsbeforesomedaytoauthorship.Production-linenovelsarenothingnew.Inthe1970s,BarbaraCartland,whowrotemorethan723booksinherlifetime,manyofwhichareromancebestsellers,wouldreadhernovelsforhersecretarytotypeupattheremarkablerateofroughlysevenchaptersaweek.Butalreadymachinehasreplacedthesecretary’srole.Perhapscreativewritingsoftwareisn’tthatfarfromreplacingtheMrs.Cartlandsoftoday.13．WhichaspectofAIcallsformoreattention?A．Itsdamagetoournerves.B．Itsprogressinliterarystudies.C．Itscooperationwithhumans.D．Itsinfluenceonhumanliterature.14．WhatcanwelearnaboutWordcraftfromthetext?A．Itgeneratesnovelsautomatically.B．Itoutperformsprofessionalwriters.C．Itsworksreceivepraisesfromthepublic.D．Itsworksbearsimilaritytoexistingones.15．WhatcanwritersdotoavoidthethreatfromAI?A．Increasewritingspeed.B．Usediverseresources.C．Producecreativeworks.D．Followthelatestpatterns.16．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．WillAIReplaceHumanWriters?B．AIWarnsMrs.CartlandsofTodayC．IsWritingRunningintoaNewEra?D．WordcraftLiesattheCenterofDebate【答案】13．C14．D15．C16．A【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是本月早些时候，曾获得雨果奖和星云奖的美国科幻作家KenLiu与其他12位专业作家一起参加了一个谷歌的Wordcraft写作研讨会，这是一款人工智能写作助手，文章主要探讨了人工智能是否会取代人类的作家。13．细节理解题。根据第二段的“ButwhileattentioncontinuestofocusonthepossibilityofablankettakeoverofhumanliteraturebyAI,farlessconsiderationhasbeengiventotheprospectofAlco-workingwithhumans.(但是，当我们继续关注人工智能全面接管人类文学的可能性时，人们对人工智能与人类合作的前景的考虑要少得多。)”可知，人工智能与人类的合作更值得关注，故选C。14．推理判断题。根据第四段的““Wordcraftistoosensible.Wow!”RobinSloanwrote.“But‘sensible’isanotherwordforpredictable,overusedandboring.Myintentionhereistoproducesomethingunexpected.”(Wordcraft太明智了。哇！但“明智”是可预测、过度使用和无聊的另一个词。我的目的是创造一些意想不到的东西。”)”可知，Wordcraft的作品与现存作品有相似之处。故选D。15．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Theirwork,andthatofcountlessothernovelists,shortstorywriters,dramatistsandpoets,istooparticular,toobeautifullyunique.Evenifamodellearnedwhattheyhaddoneinthepast,itwouldnotbeabletopredictwheretheircreativitymighttaketheminthefuture.(他们的作品，以及无数其他小说家、短篇小说作家、剧作家和诗人的作品，都太过独特，太过美好。即使一个模型了解了他们过去的行为，它也无法预测他们的创造力在未来会把他们带到哪里。)”可知，作家们可以通过创作有创意的作品来避免人工智能的威胁，故选C。16．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“CouldthenextErnestHemingwayorJaneAustenbeawell-engineeredAIsoftwareprogram?It’saquestionbecomingincreasinglypressingasmachinelanguage-learningsoftwarecontinuestoevolve.(下一个ErnestHemingway或JaneAusten会是一个精心设计的人工智能软件程序吗？随着机器语言学习软件的不断发展，这个问题变得越来越紧迫。)”和第二段的“Muchofthisisjustnerves.Today’sAIcreativewritingprogramsarenotyetatastageofdevelopmentwheretheyposeaseriousthreattoColleenHooverorCharlesDickens.(这在很大程度上只是神经紧张。今天的人工智能创意写作程序还没有发展到对ColleenHoover或CharlesDickens构成严重威胁的阶段。)”可知，本文主要探讨的是人工智能是否会取代人类的作家，因此最好的题目是A选项“WillAIReplaceHumanWriters?(人工智能会取代人类作家吗？)”，故选A。5.（2023·浙江杭州·统考二模）ChatGPT,designedbyOpenAItocarryonconversationsjustlikehumans,hasbecomeaviralexcitement.TheAI-poweredtoolwentfromzerotoamillionusersinjustfivedays!Itsabilitytoprovidein-depthanswerstouserquestionshasevendrawntheattentionofdistinguishedtechnologycompanies.Theintelligentrobotunderstandswhattheusersaysortypesandthenrespondsinawaythatmakessense.Itsvastbodyofknowledgehasbeengatheredfromthe